Body in Action(c) Coordination

SQA QUESTIONS

Eye and Ear WYSK

• Judgement of d_______ is more accurate using ____eyes rather than one

With binocular vision the i_____ formed on the retina of each eye is d__________and the brain is able to use the difference to work out how f___ a_____ something is

istancetwo

mageifferent

ar way

Retina

Optic Nerve

Lens

Iris

Pupil

Cornea

1

2

3

4

5

6

Part of the eye Function ( what it does)

cornea light enters the eye through the transparent cornea

iris Controls the amount of light entering the eye by making the pupil bigger or smaller

pupil light passes through this hole in the middle of the iris

lens Focusses the light onto the retina

retina Image forms here as light energy is changed into nerve impulses

optic nerve Passes nerve impulses to the brain

1

2

3

4

5

6

cornea

lens

retina1 3

2

1

2

3

4

5

D

C

A

EB

contracting

pupil

retina

The ear WYSK

• The judgement of the d______ of sound is more accurate using _____ ears rather than one

The s_____ c_______ c_____ are at right a______ to each other so that ___________of the head can be d_________ in ____ directions

irection two

emi ircular analsngles movement

etected all

Middle ear bones

Semi-circular canals

♫

Outer ear canal

Ear drumCochlea

Auditory nerve

Eustachian tube (to back of throat)

Structure

Outer ear

Middle ear

Inner ear

The outer + middle ear are air-filled, the inner ear is liquid-filled

BONE

Part Function

Ear drum Vibrates when sound waves reach it

Middle ear bones Carry the vibrations from the ear drum to the liquid-filled inner ear

Cochlea Converts sound vibrations in the liquid to nerve impulses

Auditory nerve Carries nerve impulses from the cochlea to the brain

Semi-circular canals Balance

1

2

3

4

5

1

2

3

semi circular canals

auditory nerve

cochlea

1

23

4

5

Ear drum

Middle ear bones

semi circular canals

Auditory nerve

cochlea

ear drumAB

cochleacarries nerve impulses to brain

balance

At right angles to each other

detects movement of head in all directions

1

3

2

4

5

6

cornea retina

lens

Semi circular canals Auditory nerve

cochlea

Nervous system WYSK• The nervous system is composed of the

b______, s_______ c_____ and n______• The central nervous system (_ _ _)is composed

of the b________ and s______ c______• Nerves carry i____________ from the s______

__ the CNS and _____ the CNS to the m________

• The CNS s_____ out i___________ from the s_______ and sends m_________ to those m______ which make the a_________ r_________

rain pinal ord erves

rain pinal ord CNS

nformation enses to from

uscles orts nformation

enses essages uscles ppropriate

esponse

Direction of sound

A

B

sense organ (receptor)

sensory nerve

CNS motor nerve

Muscle (effector)

sense organ (receptor)

sensory nerve

relay nerve

CNS motor nerve

Muscle (effector)

B C E A D

E

B E D F A C

cerebrum

cerebellum

spinal cordmedulla

pituitary gland

cerebrum

cerebellum

Memory, reasoning, imagination, control of muscles/senses etcBalance and muscle coordination

Memory, reasoning, imagination, control of muscles/senses etc

cerebrum

medulla

A

B medulla

L

M K

D cerebrum cerebellum controls balance and muscle coordination

controls HR and breathing