boiling waterboiling water

boiled waterboiled water

the falling leavesthe falling leavesthe fallen leavesthe fallen leaves

the developing countrythe developing countrythe developed countrythe developed country

The pupils The pupils who are playing in the who are playing in the playgroundplayground are my classmates. are my classmates.

Most of the students Most of the students who are singingwho are singing are girls.are girls.

The building The building which standswhich stands over thereover there is is our new library.our new library.

= = The pupils The pupils playing in the playgroundplaying in the playground are are my classmates.my classmates.

= = Most of the students Most of the students singingsinging are girls. are girls.

= = The building The building standing over therestanding over there is our is our new librarynew library..

The machine The machine which is made in Chinawhich is made in China works noiselessly.works noiselessly.

How I regretted the hours How I regretted the hours that had that had been wastedbeen wasted in the woods and fields in the woods and fields. .

= The machine = The machine made in Chinamade in China works works noiselessly.noiselessly.

= How I regretted the hours = How I regretted the hours wasted in wasted in the woods and fields.the woods and fields.

surprising surprising 使人感到惊讶的（主动）使人感到惊讶的（主动）〈物作主语〉〈物作主语〉

surprisedsurprised 感到惊讶（被动，……感到惊讶（被动，……使惊讶）〈人作主语〉　使惊讶）〈人作主语〉　

disappointingdisappointing 令人感到失望的（主动）令人感到失望的（主动）〈物作主语〉〈物作主语〉

disappointeddisappointed感到失望（被动， ……感到失望（被动， ……使失望）〈人作主语〉　使失望）〈人作主语〉　

现在分词amusing amusing astonishing astonishing

tiring tiring disappointingdisappointing exciting exciting shockingshocking frightening frightening interestinginteresting moving moving relaxing relaxing satisfying satisfying terrifying terrifying worryingworrying

过去分词

amused, astonished, tired, amused, astonished, tired, disappointed, excited, shocked, disappointed, excited, shocked, frightened, interested, moved, frightened, interested, moved, relaxed, satisfied, surprised, relaxed, satisfied, surprised, terrified, worriedterrified, worried..

现在

• The story is The story is excitingexciting..• The situation is The situation is encouragingencouraging..• His lecture is His lecture is interestinginteresting. I’m . I’m

interested in it.interested in it.• The film is The film is touchingtouching..

过去 I was very I was very excitedexcited at the news. at the news. The glass was The glass was brokenbroken.. The door remains The door remains lockedlocked.. She looked She looked disappointeddisappointed.. We are We are surprisedsurprised to hear the news. to hear the news.

I I saw him repairingsaw him repairing the watch. the watch.I I heard someone knockingheard someone knocking at the door. at the door.The children The children watched the plane taking watched the plane taking

offoff at the airport. at the airport.The Frenchman tried to The Frenchman tried to make his make his

speech inspiring.speech inspiring.

I I found the boy beatenfound the boy beaten black and blue. black and blue. The Frenchman tried to The Frenchman tried to make himself make himself

understood.understood. John will John will get his room paintedget his room painted.. Workers in some industries Workers in some industries have their have their

hearing harmedhearing harmed by the noise of the by the noise of the machine.machine.

表示“致使”意义的动词 (have ； make; get; keep; leave; ) 或表示“愿望、希望”意义的动词 (

want; wish, like; expect ； ) 等后加 done作宾补 He had his bike repaired.He had his bike repaired. She will get her photo fixed on the wall.She will get her photo fixed on the wall. We should keep the forest untouched.We should keep the forest untouched. He wanted his hair cut in style.He wanted his hair cut in style. The computer he had had repaired didn’t work The computer he had had repaired didn’t work

again.again. Yesterday I had my wallet stolen on a bus.Yesterday I had my wallet stolen on a bus.

表示感觉的或心理状态的动词 ( see ; watch; notice, find; hear; feel; think) 等后加 done 作宾补

We saw the thief caught by the police.We saw the thief caught by the police. I thought my purse lost.I thought my purse lost. I found the water badly polluted.I found the water badly polluted. I heard my name called behind when I was I heard my name called behind when I was

crossing the street.crossing the street.

Ex. Translation. 1.1. 我得立刻请人把煤气管道修好。我得立刻请人把煤气管道修好。 2 2 昨天晚上格林太太叫人把没用得东昨天晚上格林太太叫人把没用得东

西都清走了。西都清走了。 3 3 你验过血吗？你验过血吗？ 4 4 先生，洗车吗？先生，洗车吗？ 5 5 他只记得是被人撞到的。他只记得是被人撞到的。

Key. 1. I’ll have to get the gas pipe repaired at once.1. I’ll have to get the gas pipe repaired at once. 2. Last night Mrs. Green had all those useless things 2. Last night Mrs. Green had all those useless things

cleared away.cleared away. 3. Have you had your blood tested?3. Have you had your blood tested? 4. Would you like to have your car cleaned, sir?4. Would you like to have your car cleaned, sir? 5. He could only remember that he felt knocked 5. He could only remember that he felt knocked

down by someone.down by someone.

Difficult Points1.1. Jack Jack found his bag stolenfound his bag stolen when he woke up. when he woke up.== Jack’s bag was found stolen when he woke up. Jack’s bag was found stolen when he woke up.2.2. They They had the fire burninghad the fire burning day and night. day and night.

Can you Can you get the machine goingget the machine going again? again? Mary Mary had her dress washedhad her dress washed.. He He had his leg brokenhad his leg broken..

He tried to He tried to get his car started.get his car started.

不定式与分词作宾补的区别I saw him I saw him wanderwander in the streets. in the streets.I saw him I saw him wanderingwandering in the streets. in the streets.We sat two hours and watched the We sat two hours and watched the

teacher teacher makemake the experiment. the experiment. We sat two hours and watched the We sat two hours and watched the

teacher teacher makingmaking the experiment. the experiment.

不定式被动语态与过分作宾补的区别

Would you like the window Would you like the window to be closedto be closed?? Would you like the windows Would you like the windows closed?closed? Have you ever heard the manHave you ever heard the man to be to be

interviewed?interviewed? Have you ever heard the manHave you ever heard the man

interviewed?interviewed?

及物动词及物动词 dodo 不及物动不及物动(( 主动形主动形 ggo)o)

主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式

现现在在分分词词

一一般般式式

doingdoing being donebeing done goinggoing

完完成成式式

having having donedone

having been having been donedone

having having gonegone

过去过去分词分词

donedone gonegone

形式

现在分词作状语

表时间

现在分词 ( 同时发生）• When I was walkingWhen I was walking along the street, I met an old along the street, I met an old

friend of mine.friend of mine.

= = WalkingWalking along the street, I met an old … along the street, I met an old …• When he enteredWhen he entered the dining-room, he saw his the dining-room, he saw his

mother in a white clean overall.mother in a white clean overall.

= = EnteringEntering the dining-room, he saw his mother in … the dining-room, he saw his mother in …• While we were workingWhile we were working in the factory, we learned in the factory, we learned

a lot from the workers.a lot from the workers.

= = WorkingWorking in the factory, we learned a lot … in the factory, we learned a lot …

现在分词 ( 同时发生）• SeeingSeeing those pictures, he couldn't help those pictures, he couldn't help

thinking of those days inYan’an.thinking of those days inYan’an.

== When he sawWhen he saw those pictures, he… those pictures, he…• TurningTurning round, Fanny found an round, Fanny found an

ambulance driving up .ambulance driving up .

== When she turnedWhen she turned round, Fanny found… round, Fanny found…

现在分词（已经完成）

• Having wateredHaving watered the vegetables, they the vegetables, they

began to pick up the apples.began to pick up the apples.

== After they had wateredAfter they had watered vegetables,… vegetables,…• Having finishedHaving finished the work, he went the work, he went

back home on foot.back home on foot.

== After he had finishedAfter he had finished the work,… the work,…

完成时态用 现在分词 After they had doneAfter they had done their homework, they went out to their homework, they went out to

play basketball.play basketball.= = Having doneHaving done their homework, they went out …. their homework, they went out ….After he had lunchAfter he had lunch, he went to play basketball., he went to play basketball.= = Having had lunchHaving had lunch, he went to play basketball., he went to play basketball.Because I have seenBecause I have seen the film twice, I don’t plan to see it the film twice, I don’t plan to see it

againagain= = Having seenHaving seen the film twice, I don’t plan to see it the film twice, I don’t plan to see it

againagain ..

分词作状语表示原因、条件、让步 As I did not knowAs I did not know how to do it, I asked him to how to do it, I asked him to

help me.help me.= = Not knowingNot knowing how to do it, I asked him… how to do it, I asked him… If you standIf you stand on the church tower, you can see on the church tower, you can see

the whole village.the whole village.= = Standing Standing on the church tower, you can see…on the church tower, you can see… Though he is oldThough he is old, he studies hard., he studies hard.= = BeingBeing old, he studies hard. old, he studies hard. As they wereAs they were blind men, how could they see! blind men, how could they see!= = BeingBeing blind men, how could they see! blind men, how could they see!

被动用过去分词

If they had been given enough sunlight, If they had been given enough sunlight, the flowers could have grown.the flowers could have grown.

Though he was warned of the danger, Though he was warned of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.he still went skating on the thin ice.

= = Given Given enough sunlight, the flowers enough sunlight, the flowers could …could …

= = Warned Warned of the danger, he still went of the danger, he still went skating…skating…

过去分词• InspiredInspired by Dr. Chen’s speech, they decided by Dr. Chen’s speech, they decided

to study maths harder.to study maths harder.

• PersuadedPersuaded by my mother, she gladly by my mother, she gladly

went there alone.went there alone.

== Because they were inspired by Dr.Because they were inspired by Dr.

Chen’s speech,…Chen’s speech,…

== Because she was persuaded by myBecause she was persuaded by my

mother,…mother,…

过去分词完成式 After they have been written, the compositions After they have been written, the compositions

must be handed in this afternoon.must be handed in this afternoon.

After he had supper, he went out for a walk.After he had supper, he went out for a walk.

Because he was bitten by a dog, he trembles Because he was bitten by a dog, he trembles whenever he sees a dog.whenever he sees a dog.

= = Having been written,Having been written, the composition…. the composition….

==Having had supperHaving had supper, he went out for a walk., he went out for a walk.

==Having been bitten by a dogHaving been bitten by a dog, he trembles , he trembles whenever he sees a dog.whenever he sees a dog.

并列句转换为分词表

方式或伴随 She stood there and waited for the bus.She stood there and waited for the bus.

A woman entered the room and was A woman entered the room and was followed by two girls.followed by two girls.

= She stood there, = She stood there, waiting waiting for the bus.for the bus.

= A woman entered the room, = A woman entered the room, followedfollowed by two girls. by two girls.

连词或介词 + 分词• AfterAfter talkingtalking to you, I always feel better. to you, I always feel better.• She’s been quite different She’s been quite different sincesince comingcoming

back from America.back from America.• IfIf givengiven another five minutes, I could finish another five minutes, I could finish

the paper.the paper.• OnOn hearinghearing the news, we burst into tears. the news, we burst into tears. • While watchingWhile watching the play, she couldn’t keep the play, she couldn’t keep

back her tears.back her tears.

with/without+n.(pron.)+ 分词He fell asleep He fell asleep withwith the light the light burningburning..He sat thereHe sat there withwith tearstears rolling downrolling down.. WithoutWithout a word more a word more spokenspoken, he , he

went with us.went with us.WithWith everyone he needed everyone he needed bought,bought, he he

left the shop.left the shop.

不能用并列连词 Having been toldHaving been told many times, many times, butbut he he

still couldn't understand it.still couldn't understand it. He was told many times, He was told many times, butbut he he

couldn't understand it.couldn't understand it. Having been toldHaving been told many times, he still many times, he still

couldn't understand it.couldn't understand it.

×

√

√

分词否定Not understandingNot understanding its meaning, its meaning,

he asked the teacher to explain he asked the teacher to explain the work.the work.

Not having receivedNot having received an answer, I an answer, I wrote again.wrote again.

分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致 My wifeMy wife had a long talk with sally, had a long talk with sally,

explainingexplaining why she didn't want the why she didn't want the children to play together.children to play together.

GivenGiven more attention, more attention, the treesthe trees could could have grown better.have grown better.

We explored the caves, Peter acting as We explored the caves, Peter acting as guide.guide.

独立主格 If the weather permits, we’ll have an If the weather permits, we’ll have an

outing tomorrow.outing tomorrow.

= = WeatherWeather permittingpermitting, we’ll have an , we’ll have an outing tomorrow.outing tomorrow.

Since the last bus had gone, we had to Since the last bus had gone, we had to walk home.walk home.

= = The last busThe last bus having gonehaving gone, we had to , we had to walk home.walk home.

Exercises1.1. She couldn’t help smiling when she She couldn’t help smiling when she

thought of the joke.thought of the joke. ThinkingThinking of the joke, she couldn’t of the joke, she couldn’t

help smiling.help smiling.

2.2. When he arrived at the airport, he When he arrived at the airport, he saw his wife waving to him.saw his wife waving to him.

ArrivingArriving at the airport, he saw his at the airport, he saw his wife waving to him.wife waving to him.

3.3. Because Tom was ill, he didn’t go to Because Tom was ill, he didn’t go to see the film.see the film.

BeingBeing ill, he didn’t go to see the film. ill, he didn’t go to see the film.4.4. As I knew that he wasn’t free, I didn’t As I knew that he wasn’t free, I didn’t

ask him to go with me.ask him to go with me. KnowingKnowing he wasn’t free, I didn’t … he wasn’t free, I didn’t …5.5. If I was given more time, I could pass If I was given more time, I could pass

the exam.the exam. GivenGiven more time, I could pass … more time, I could pass …

6.6. As he is a clever boy, he draws very As he is a clever boy, he draws very well.well.

BeingBeing a clever boy, he draws very… a clever boy, he draws very…7.7. The children stood around and looked The children stood around and looked

at the famous musician.at the famous musician.The children stood around, The children stood around, looking looking at…at…8.8. She stood by the window and read an She stood by the window and read an

English poem.English poem. She stood by the window, She stood by the window, readingreading

an…an…

9.9. After he took some medicine, he felt After he took some medicine, he felt much better.much better.

Having takenHaving taken the medicine, he felt the medicine, he felt much better.much better.

10.10. If you turn to the right, you’ll find the If you turn to the right, you’ll find the post office.post office.

TurningTurning to the right, you’ll find the to the right, you’ll find the post office.post office.