boletales - university of california, berkeley
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The BoletalesBoletaceae,
Gomphidiaceae,Paxillaceae,
Coniophoraceae,Sclerodermataceae,and other gastroid
taxa
![Page 2: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Characteristics of the “Boletaceae”(polyphyletic family)
• Fleshy tubed mushrooms, or gilled withinterwoven tube-like gills
• Moderate to large sized with bun-shaped pileus• Divergent gill(tube) trama• Often bruising: blue, red, black or green (pulvinic
acids, and others)• Usually with elongate spores• Usually ectomycorrhizal
![Page 3: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Typical bolete spores
![Page 4: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Boletoid clade(Boletus, Leccium,Tylopilus, Pulveroboletus, andothers)
Suilloid cladeSuillus, RhizopogonGomphidius, Chroogomphus, and others)
Gyrodontoid cladeScleroderma, Pisolithus, and others
Paxillus and ChalciporusConiophoraceae and wood decaying Paxillaceae
![Page 5: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Boletus versus Suillus
• Tubes rounded, uniform• Cystidia of various types, but
not causing incrustations• Spores sometimes very long• Not slimy, and no veil• Stipe never glandular• Mushrooms moderate to
huge in size• With both hardwoods and
conifers
• Tubes angular, compound• Cystidia in clusters leaving
brown incrustation• Spores relatively short• Often slimy, and with a veil• Stipe often glandular• Mushrooms small to
moderate in size• With Pinaceae (2 known
exceptions)
![Page 6: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Boletus edulis
Characteristics used to separatespecies
Boletus frostii
• Fresh color (tubes, pileus,stipe)
• Color changes• Stipe surface (reticulate?)• Habitat (host)• Spore size, color• Pileus cuticle• Cystidia types
![Page 7: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Example of areticulate stipesurface
Found in someBoletus, Tylopilus,and Austroboletus
Photos from Bessette et al.
![Page 8: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Boletus satanasred tube mouthsreticulate stipehuge bulbous stipe basewhitish pileus and stipeflesh changing blue
Photo from Arora
Photo from Bessette et al.
B. rubripeswhitish tan pileusred at base of stipeyellow at apex of stipeno reticulationbluingbitter taste
![Page 9: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Photos from Bessette et al.
“Xerocomoid boletes”moderate size, velvety capstubes often compound andlarger
B. subtomentosus
B. ZelleriIn chrysenteron complex
![Page 10: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Boletus mirabilis textured pileusdistinctive colorstriate stipeOften on well rotted stumpshuge spores!!
Photo from Arora
![Page 11: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Leccinum
Stipe scabrous
![Page 12: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Example of a scaberous stipesurface, found in Leccinum andrarely Tylopilus
the scabers are clusters ofcaulocystida
Photo from Bessette et al.
![Page 13: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Calciporus
small to moderate-sizeOur species are brown withbright yellow at base of stipe,and have peppery tastes
C. piperatoides -changes blueon tubes
C. piperatus
Photos fromBessette et al.
![Page 14: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Pulveroboletus ravenelliiBright yellow with a veil
![Page 15: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Phylloporus - a gilled member of the boletoid clade
Photo fromBessette et al.
![Page 16: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Paxillus involutus gr. photo from mykoweb
![Page 17: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Gastroboletus a gastroid Boletus
Melanogaster
A hypogeousboletoid genus
And there are gasteroid taxa
![Page 18: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Boletoid clade(Boletus, Leccium,Tylopilus, Pulveroboletus, andothers)
Suilloid cladeSuillus, RhizopogonGomphidius, Chroogomphus, and others)
Gyrodontoid cladeScleroderma, Pisolithus, and others
Paxillus and ChalciporusConiophoraceae and wood decaying Paxillaceae
![Page 19: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The suilloidclade
![Page 20: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Boletus versus Suillus• Tubes rounded, uniform• Cystidia of various types, but not
causing incrustations• Spores sometimes very long• Not slimy, and no veil• Stipe never glandular• Mushroom moderate to huge in
size• With both hardwoods and conifers
• Tubes angular, compound• Cystidia in clusters leaving brown
incrustation• Spores relatively short• Often slimy, and with a veil• Stipe often glandular• Mushroom small to moderate in
size• Wtih Pinaceae (2 known
exceptions)
![Page 21: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Suillus cystidia
Suillus spore print colors
![Page 22: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
glandular and annulate stipe surfaces found in Suillus
Photos from Bessette et al.
![Page 23: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Suillus pungens
Suillus brevipes
![Page 24: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Suillus tomentosus
![Page 25: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Photos fromBessette et al.
Suillus ponderosus and S.caerulescenstwo very common Douglas-firassociates
gelatinous orangish annulusS. ponderosus
dry white annulusS. caerulescens
![Page 26: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Photo fromBessette et al.
Suillus lakei a distinctive Douglas-fir associate
![Page 27: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Gomphidius smithii
Chroogomphus tomentosus
Gomphidius subroseus
![Page 28: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Truncocolumella
Rhizopogon sp.suillus-like sporesno columellathey bounce
![Page 29: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Boletoid clade(Boletus, Leccium,Tylopilus, Pulveroboletus, andothers)
Suilloid cladeSuillus, RhizopogonGomphidius, Chroogomphus, and others)
Gyrodontoid cladeScleroderma, Pisolithus, and others
Paxillus and ChalciporusConiophoraceae and wood decaying Paxillaceae
![Page 30: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Gyroporus
Spores smallStipe hollow
Gyroporus cyanescens Gyroporus purpurescens
![Page 31: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Scleroderma -A hard puffball, withdark, ornamentedspores
Related to Pisolithusand Gyroporus
![Page 33: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Boletoid clade(Boletus, Leccium,Tylopilus, Pulveroboletus, andothers)
Suilloid cladeSuillus, RhizopogonGomphidius, Chroogomphus, and others)
Gyrodontoid cladeScleroderma, Pisolithus, and others
Paxillus and ChalciporusConiophoraceae and wood decaying Paxillaceae
![Page 34: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Tapinella (Paxillus) atrotomentosusBrown-spored, gills separable from pileusand with interweavings on wood causing a brown rot
![Page 35: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca - “false chantharelle”White-spored, forked gillswith interweavings on wood causing a brown rot - photo from Mykoweb
![Page 36: Boletales - University of California, Berkeley](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022020706/61fc83538d33c02b785e0bc8/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Coniophora - a resupinate wood decay funguswith brown, bolete-like spores