Bonding and Naming Review

By Mrs. Billings

What is a bond? 4 Types of bonds Naming type I, II, & III

Overview

A bond is an electrostatic force that holds atoms together.

Atoms will bond using their electrons.

What is a bond?

Ionic bonding◦ Electrons are transferred from one atom to the

other. (give/take)◦ Happens between metals & nonmetals (cations &

anions).◦ The atom that loses the electron becomes positive

(cation) and the atom that gains the electron becomes negative (anion). . .ions, get it, ionic bond.

◦ Why does this happen? The electrogegativity difference between the atoms is > 1.7 so one atom is able to rip the electron away.

◦ Form a crystal lattice structure.

Types of Bonds

Covalent Bonding◦ Electrons are shared between atoms.◦ Happens between nonmetals only.◦ There are 2 types of covalent bonding based on

the amount of sharing of electrons. Polar covalent is uneven sharing, thus creating a

pole. Bond electronegativity difference <1.7 Structure asymmetrical.

Nonpolar covalent is even sharing, thus no pole. Bond electronegativity difference <0.4 Structure symmetrical.

Types of Bonding

Metallic bonding◦ Delocalized electrons float around the electron

sea.◦ Happens between metals only.◦ Characteristics:

Malleable Ductile Luster Conductor

Types of Bonding

A for ionic, B for covalent, and C for metallic◦ Li2S◦ AuAg◦ PbNO3◦ NO◦ C6H12O6◦ SnN

Identify the type of bond

A for ionic, B for polar covalent, C for nonpolar covalent◦ K2O◦NS3

◦N2◦AuI◦NaF◦C6H12

Identify the type of bond

Type I◦ Use for ionic bonds when the cation has only one

charge (groups1A-3A).◦ The first element keeps its name and the second

element changes the end of its name to –ide (unless it already has a fancy name).

◦ Criss-cross charges if uneven. Ex. NaBr is sodium bromide Ex. CaCl2 is calcium chloride Ex. Be(ClO3)2 is beryllium chlorate

Nomenclature (Naming)

Type II◦Use for ionic bonds when the cation has more

than one charge (transition metals).◦The first element keeps its name and the second

element changes the end of its name to –ide (unless it already has a fancy name).

◦Use a roman numeral to show the charge of the first ion.

◦Criss-cross charges if uneven. Ex. AuI is gold (I) iodide Ex. Mn2O3 is manganese (III) oxide Ex. W3(PO4)2 is tungsten (II) phosphate

Nomenclature

Type III◦ Use for covalent bonds.◦ Use prefixes to denote the number of atoms and

change the ending of the second element to -ide. Ex. S2O3 is disulfur trioxide Ex.N3P4 is trinitrogen tetraphosphide Ex. BrH5 is bromine pentahydride

Nomenclature

Naming Organizer

Li2S AuI3 PbNO3 C5H10 NO SnN

Name the compound

Barium fluoride Zinc (II) nitride Carbon heptaiodide Ammonium sulfate Aluminum hypochlorite Pentaphosporus nonanitride Tungsten (IV) permanganate

Write the formula

whiteboards

Review Game

What part of the atom is involved in a chemical bond?

◦ electrons

#1

What type of bond is SrS?

◦ ionic

#2

Name Ni2S3.

◦ Nickel (III) sulfide

#3

What happens to the electrons in a metallic bond?

◦ Delocalized electrons float in electron sea.

#4

What structure does an ionic bond make?

◦ Crystal lattice

#5

What type of bond is H2O? (Be specific!!)

◦ Polar covalent

#7

• Write the formula for Cobalt (III) oxide.

• Co2O3

#8

What happens to the electrons in a nonpolar covalent bond?

◦ Shared equally

#9

Write the name for C4H10.

◦ Tetracarbon decahydride

#10

What happens to the electrons in an ionic bond?

◦ Transferred◦ Give/take

#11

What are 2 characteristics of metals?

◦ Malleable◦ Ductile◦ Luster◦ Conductor◦ Solid

#12