bones of the upper limb
DESCRIPTION
BONES OF THE UPPER LIMB. The Resting Arm … by Vinod More. 03. January. 2014 Friday. Kaan Yücel M.D., Ph.D . UPPER LIMB. 1. %. 1. 66.5. 137. 64. 1. Radius. Ulna. 2. Wrist. Carpals. 8. MANUS. 5. 14. UPPER LIMB. Efficiency of hand function - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
BONES OF THE UPPER LIMB
The Resting Arm… by Vinod More
Kaan Yücel M.D., Ph.D. 03.January.2014 Friday
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Efficiency of hand function ability to place it in the proper position by movements
at the upper limb joints
UPPER LIMB
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associated with lateral aspect of the lower portion of the neck thoracic wall
Suspended from the trunk by muscles & a small skeletal articulation between clavicle & sternum: sternoclavicular joint
UPPER LIMB
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proximal segment of the limb overlaps parts of the trunk (thorax and back) and lower lateral neck
Shoulder
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Pectoral (shoulder) gırdle
bony ring, posteriorly formed by the scapulae and clavicles anteriorly by formed by the manubrium of the sternum
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ARM -BRACHIUM
First segment of the free upper limb & longest segment of the limb Between shoulder and elbowAnterior & posterior segments of the arm around the humerus
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Second longest segment of the limb Between elbow wrist & Includes anterior & posterior regions overlying the radius and ulna
Forearm-AntebrachIum
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part of the upper limb distal to the forearm
formed around the carpus, metacarpus, and phalanges.
composed of the wrist, palm, dorsum of hand, and digits
Hand-manus
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BONES OF THE PECTORAL GIRDLE
CLAVICLE
SCAPULA
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CLAVICLEKöprücük kemiği
the only bony attachment between the trunk and the upper limb
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CLAVICLEKöprücük kemiği
the only bony attachment between the trunk and the upper limbpalpable along its entire length
S-shaped contourforward-facing convex part medial forward-facing concave part lateral
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CLAVICLE
medial sternal end articulates with manubrium sternoclavicular joint
lateral end acromial endarticulates with acromion of scapula acromioclavicular joint
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CLAVICLE
Inferior surface-near the acromial endconoid tubercle –medial part of-trapezoid line –lateral part of-coracoclavicular ligament
Medial 1/3 of the clavicle’s shaftsubclavian groove – subclavius muscle
More mediallyimpression for the costoclavicular ligamentbinding 1st rib to clavicleLimiting elevation of the shoulder
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Functions of the Clavicle
A moveable, rigid support limb has maximum freedom of motion.
A boundary of the cervico-axillary canal (passageway between the neck and the arm), protection to the neurovascular bundle supplying the upper limb.
Transmits shocks from the upper limb to the axial skeleton.
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SCAPULAShoulder blade / Kürek kemiğilarge, flat triangular bone
lies on the posterolateral aspect of the thoraxbetween 2nd-7th ribs
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SCAPULAAnterior viewthree angles
lateral, superior, and inferior
three borders superior, lateral, and medial
two surfaces costal and posterior
three processes AcromionSpineCoracoid process
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SCAPULAPosterior view
AcromionSupraspinous fossaInfraspinous fossaSpine of scapulaSuprascapular notch
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SCAPULALateral view
Glenoid cavitySupraglenoid tubercleInfraglenoid tubercleAcromionCoracoid process
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HUMERUSthe largest bone in the upper limb
articulates w/
Scapula Glenohumeral (Shoulder) joint
Radius & Ulna
elbow joint
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HUMERUSIn cross-section, shaft triangular with:
anterior, lateral, & medial borders
anterolateral, anteromedial, posterior surfaces
Intermuscular septaattach to medial & lateral borders.
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HUMERUSproximal end
HeadNeck
-Anatomical neck-Surgical neck
Greater tubercleLesser tubercleIntertubercular groove
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HUMERUSshaft
Deltoid tuberosityMedial and lateral supraepicondylar (supracondylar) ridgesRadial groove
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HUMERUSdistal end
Anterior view Posterior view
TrochleaCapitilum
Olecranon fossa
Coronoid fossa
Medial epicondyle Lateral epicondyle
Radial fossa
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BONES OF THE FOREARMULNAmedial and longer of the two forearm bones
RADIUSlateral and shorter of the two forearm bones
MORE IMAGES99-103
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For articulation with the humerus1) Olecranon2) Coronoid process Radial notch @ the lateral surface articulation with head of radius
ULNAproximal
end
articulation with humerus proximally head of the radius laterally
Tuberosity of ulnaInferior to coronoid process
Trochlear notch Semilunar notch
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ULNAshaft
triangular in cross-section and has: three borders anterior, posterior, and interosseousthree surfaces anterior, posterior, and medialSupinator crestInferior to radial notch @ lateral surfaceSupinator fossaOn the lateral surface, under the radial notch
Broad superiorly, continuous with large proximal end Narrow distally to form a small distal head
Supinator muscle
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ULNAdistal end
Head of the ulna
Ulnar styloid process
Ulna does not reach and participate to the radiocarpal (wrist) joint!
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RADIUSproximal end &
shaftA short headNeckRadial tuberosityOblique line
The shaft of the radius in contrast to that of the ulnagradually enlarges triangular in cross-section, with: three borders anterior, posterior, and interosseousthree surfaces anterior, posterior, and lateral
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RADIUSdistal endDorsal tubercle of the radiusRadial styloid processUlnar notch
SHAFTtriangular in cross-section, with: three borders anterior, posterior, and interosseousthree surfaces anterior, posterior, and lateral
BONES OF THE HAND
Proximal row of carpal bones
lateral to medialScaphoid Lunate Triquetrum Pisiform
Distal row of carpal bones
lateral to medialTrapeziumTrapezoidCapitate Hamate
I am sailing with my little boat on a summer nightThe moon is crescentI am filling my three-cornered hat with beas falling off the sky
Table(Little)HeadOn a Hook
BONES OF THE HAND
Proximal row of carpal bones
lateral to medialScaphoid Lunate SeLoTyP Triquetrum Pisiform
Distal row of carpal bones
lateral to medialTrapezium ToToCu HasanTrapezoidCapitate Hamate
She Looks Too Pretty; Try To Catch Her
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BONES OF THE HANDCarpal arch
The carpal bones do not lie in a flat plane; rather, they form an arch, whose base is directed anteriorly.
lateral side of this base formed by tubercles of the scaphoid and trapezium.medial side formed by pisiform & hook of hamate.
base
head