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Book of Abstracts
8th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF BUSINESS FACULTY
“ECONOMIC POLICY AND EU INTEGRATION”
Durrës, Albania, 4 - 5 May, 2018
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ECONOMIC POLICY AND EU INTEGRATION
2
8th International Conference
“ECONOMIC POLICY AND EU
INTEGRATION”
Organized by Faculty of Business
University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durrës
May 4 - 5, 2018
Durrës, ALBANIA
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8th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF BUSINESS FACULTY
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EDITORS: Dr. Ela Golemi, Dr. Mirela Tase, Dr. Arjeta Hallunovi, Dr. Alma
Zisi
Conference Proceedings include papers that reflect results of theoretical and
practical research of university, faculty, staff of academic organizations and
institutions.
The proceedings have not been amended or proofread and editors are not
responsible for the language used in paper.
SCIENTIFFIC COMMITTEE
SOTIROFSKI Kseanela, Rector of University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durrës,
Albania
TARTARAJ Azeta, Dean of Business Faculty, University “Aleksandër Moisiu”
Durrës, Albania
GOLEMI Ela,Vice Dean of Business Faculty, University “Aleksandër Moisiu”
Durrës, Albania
PRENDI Llambi, Vice Dean of Business Faculty, University “Aleksandër
Moisiu” Durrës, Albania
ALBAGLI Claude, President of CEDIMES Institute, France
BEZHANI Eda, Senate member, University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durrës,
Albania
CEROVIĆ Bozidar, President of ASECU University of Belgrade, Serbia
CUCLLARI Frederik, Dean of Economic Faculty, University “Fan S.Noli”
Korcë, Albania
DRAGUSHA Blerta, Dean of Economic Faculty, University “Luigj Gurakuqi”
Shkodër, Albania
DEDAJ But, Dean of Economic Faculty, University of Prishtina, Kosovo
FORTUZI Shkëlqim, University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durrës, Albania
HOTI Afrim, University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durrës, Albania
HORSKA Elena, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
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ECONOMIC POLICY AND EU INTEGRATION
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KOÇI Ervin, Executive General Director, Financial Supervisory Authority,
Albania
KUME Kristaq, University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durrës, Albania
KULE Dhori, Dean of Economic Faculty, University of Tirana, Albania
LATIFI Juliana, Chair of The competition Commission, Competition Authority,
Albania
MEMA Mit’hat, University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durrës, Albania
NOTI Elton, University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durrës, Albania
OSMANI Elez, Institute for Research and Development, Montenegro
QARRI Albert, Dean of Economic Faculty, University “Ismail Qemali” Vlorë,
Albania
RUSPI Ermonela, Dean of Economic Faculty, University “Eqrem Çabej”
Gjirokastër, Albania
SEJDINI Imelda, Dean of Economic Faculty, University “Aleksandër Xhuvani”
Elbasan, Albania
SCALERA Francesco, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Italy
SOKOLI Lekë, University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durrës, Albania
TSEKOURAS Yannis, Honorary President of ASECU University of Macedonia,
Greece
TOMA Ernesto, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Italy
ZAROTIADIS Grigorios, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITTEE
Executive Committee
TARTARAJ Azeta, Dean Faculty of Business, University “Aleksandër
Moisiu”, Albania
GOLEMI Ela, Vice Dean for Scientific Research, Faculty of Business
PRENDI Llambi, Vice Dean for Education, Faculty of Business
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ALIAJ Ada, Head of Department of Finance
CINAJ Nevila, Head of Department of Tourism
MERKO Flora, Head of Department of Economics
MYFTARAJ Ervin, Head of Department of Marketing
NEXHIPI Olta, Head of Department of Management
Programme Committee
TASE Mirela
HALLUNOVI Arjeta
ZISI Alma
HASRAMA Erjonilda
MAMO Jonada
SHAHINI Ermir
SULA Oliana
Local Arrangements
KASA Arlind
LIÇAJ Denada
XHERAJ Dorina
KULLOLLI Taulant
Conference Secretariat
CANIA Luftim
NEZA Violeta
Press and Communication
KOLA Blerim
MEHMETI Valbona
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
The impact of reward policies on motivation: The case of Albania
Azeta TARTARAJ, Besart NUSHI ................................................................................15
Consumption shocks and GDP responses in Albania
Agim NDREGJONI, Jonida GASHI...............................................................................16
Fiscal cadastre
Alba RAMALLARI , Gentjan RAMALLARI.................................................................17
CPI analysis in Albania compared to Balkan countries
Alisa KOPRENCKA.......................................................................................................18
Testing the wagner’s hypothesis for the case of Albanian economy
Altin GJINI, Mentor BEQA............................................................................................19
The economic opportunity to recover waste in source and the challenges of Albanian
government with public raising awareness
Ana KEKEZI....................................................................................................................20
Trade of insurance in Albania, geographical distribution and types of them
Ariola HARIZI, Myfarete MALASI................................................................................21
Cultural heritage and sustainable tourism in Durres
Arlind KASA, Nevila ÇINAJ..........................................................................................22
Leasing – A new standard for old contracts
Armela ANAMALI, Alma ZISI, Bitila SHOSHA...........................................................23
Urgent measures to be taken for enabling financial inclusion in Albania
Artur RIBAJ....................................................................................................................24
The reimbursement scheme and its performance
Artur STAFA...................................................................................................................25
Quality of Albanian institutions within European integration framework
Besa SHAHINI, Majlinda KETA....................................................................................26
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Financing constrains of SME
Besa XHAFERRI, Gjilnaipe BEXHETI, Blerina ISENI.................................................27
Entrepreneurship obstacles: Comparative approach
Besa XHAFERRI, Elvira FETAHU, Arlinda ZEQIRI....................................................28
The impact of community law on the reformation of the legislation in the field of tourism
in Albania
Bledar ABDURRAHMANI.............................................................................................29
The juridical mechanisms of Security Council of the United Nations
Blendi ÇALI, Laurena KALAJA.....................................................................................30
Understanding entrepreneurial intentions of Albanian business students based on the
theory of planned behavior
Blendi SHIMA, Babu GEORGE.....................................................................................31
The role of employees in providing services. The case of Albanian businesses
Blerim KOLA, Taulant KULLOLLI..............................................................................32
Development of public-private partnership in the tourism sector and its impact on
Albania's economic growth. Let's learn from neighbors! A Comparative case with
Montenegro
Blerina DERMISHAJ......................................................................................................33
Flash mob marketing as a promotional strategy
Brunilda LIÇAJ, Leida MATJA......................................................................................34
Gender diversity and firm performance
Caterina AURA, Francesca AURA, Franco RUBINO....................................................35
Les politiques économiques des pays européens à la lumière des chocs mondialisés
Claude ALBAGLI................................................................................................. ..........36
Renewable and non-renewable electricity consumption, carbone emission and GDP:
Case of Tunisia
Claude ALBAGLI, Rahma Ben NAYA, Francesco SCALERA....................................37
https://www.google.com/search?q=entrepreneurship&spell=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjF3PflxsHaAhXBJ5oKHdGiD5EQkeECCCMoAA
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Potentials and perspectives for development of short tourist offers in countries of
Adriatic Coast and Hinterland
Darko PETKOVIC, Nebojša VASIC, Alaudin BRKIC..................................................38
Coordination of public investments in the function of their efficient management
Dorjan TELITI.................................................................................................................39
Moral tax determinants
Elton KARAPICI, Gentiana FILIPI.................................................................................40
The impact of packaging and its elements in the consumer behavior
Eda BEZHANI.................................................................................................................41
E-Government and its impact to the public
Edona ZENELI................................................................................................................42
Estimating the drivers of De-Euroization in Albania
Ela GOLEMI....................................................................................................... .............43
Social return on investments: Economic, financial and sustainable aspects
Elisabetta VENEZIA, Fabio PIZZUTILO.......................................................................44
Banking sector in Albania and some key performance indicators of second tier banks
Enida ISTREFI, Juliana IMERAJ, Jonida LAMÇJA......................................................45
The influence of e-management of maritime shipping companies for business successful
Erald BERBERI, Denada LIÇA BERBERI....................................................................46
Assets and liability management in Albanian banks
Eridana GJONI...................................................................................................... .........47
Macro determinants of real exchange rates: Albanian case
Ermira KALAJ, Ela GOLEMI.......................................................................................48
Reintegration of migrants returned to their country of origin (Empirical analysis,
Albanian case)
Esmeraldo XHAKOLLI, Daniela LIKA.......................................................................49
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The generational transition of the family enterprise
Eusebio De MARCO, Patrizia Di BARI, Francesco SCALERA....................................50
The impact of fiscal and monetary policies on macroeconomic stability in Albania
Evis KUMI, Eralda SHORE. ..........................................................................................51
Role of correlation and weight on risk and return of a portfolio: An experimental
analysis
Fitim DEARI, Izet ZEQIRI.............................................................................................52
The correlation between institutional efficiency and Albanian mass emigration
Flora MERKO, Ermir SHAHINI....................................................................................53
Short-term forecasting technique of financial assets by using classification analysis
Francesco D. d’OVIDIO, Najada FIRZA.......................................................................54
A study on security and attacks on social networks at “Aleksander Moisiu” University
Gaqo TANKU, Piro TANKU.........................................................................................55
IFRS 9 implementation in the Albanian banking sector
Gentiana FILIPI, Vjollca KARAPICI............................................................................56
The differences between the accounting and tax reporting. Case of Albania
Halit XHAFA, Amarilda KULLI..................................................................................57
Market entry strategies: Understanding customers risk avoidance; Long vs. Short-term
orientation and the definition of time
Hans O. SCHUMANN..................................................................................................58
Growth, inequality and poverty: Case of Balkan Countries
Houcine BOUHAJEB...................................................................................................59
The current problems of labor market in Albania: The need to apply intervention
measures
Ina BALUKJA....................................................................................................... ......60
Management innovation as a source of sustainable competitive advantage
Ina KEÇI......................................................................................................................61
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Development of accounting regulation in Montenegro - Financial reporting standards
and the reporting needs of SMEs
Ivana TOMASEVIC, Sandra DJUROVIC.......................................................................62
Business strategies: A key to being successful in the Republic of Macedonia
Izet ZEQIRI, Brikend AZIRI, Jeton MAZLLAMI..........................................................63
Conventions and stereotypes as key perception factors influencing the choice of selected
farm-to-table products
Jana RYBANSKA, Ľudmila NAGYOVA, Elena HORSKA..........................................64
The challenges of insurance companies market in Albania
Jonada MAMO, Ada ALIAJ, Ina SHEHU......................................................................65
An analysis for socio-economic inequalities
Jonida GASHI, Agim NDREGJONI..............................................................................66
Unequal geographic distribution of industrial firms in the central of Tunisia: A
comparison of two adaptive models
Kais BEN-AHMED, Faysal MANSOURI.....................................................................67
Constructing the spatial weights matrix using a variogram: An application to firm
location in the center of Tunisia
Kais BEN-AHMED, Faysal MANSOURI.....................................................................68
A Bayesian-based approach for statistical local modeling of visceral leishmaniasis
incidence in Tunisia
Kais BEN-AHMED.......................................................................................................69
E-Commercein Albania
Kiti SHABANAJ...........................................................................................................70
Marketing management challenges
Kozeta LIGEJA.............................................................................................................71
Determinants of export in transition economies: Evidence from the South East Europe
(SEE-6) and Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
Kushtrim BRAHA, Artan QINETI, Ema LAZORČAKOVA, Luboš SMUTKA........72
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Regional development as an equalization of opportunity: Empirical evidence from
Tunisia
Lamia MOKADDEM, Imtinen BEN SAIED..................................................................73
The impact of VAT on the development of Albanian tourism industry
Leida MATJA, Brunilda LIÇAJ......................................................................................74
Labor market in the tailoring industry (Fason) in the city of Durres
Llambi PRENDI, Entela VELAJ, Antoneta DHIMA......................................................75
The importance of intellectual capital management in an economy
Ludo PYIS, Ornela KULLOLLI, Ela GOLEMI..............................................................76
Career management – an empirical study of Albania
Luftim CANIA, Bajram KORSITA, Erisa MUSABELLIU............................................77
Ecotourism, an opportunity for sustainable development in the Lalez Bay - Cape Rodoni
area
Majlinda MUKA, Dorina XHERAJ (SUBASHI)............................................................78
Predictive diversity and inclusion analytics. Some useful modern Bayesian statistical
tools
Marcello De GIOSA........................................................................................................79
Evaluation of the public expenditures effectiveness in the market economy based on the
economic value concept
Marián KOČNER, Anton ČIERNIK, Igor TURUK.......................................................80
Creation of agricultural cooperative as an instrument for development sustainable
policy case: Albania
Mariglen URUÇI, Emiraldo PRIFTI..............................................................................81
The proportionality principle in the EU
Marsida FESHTI (MUÇA), Jurgen GOLEMI...............................................................82
Right to property in Bulgaria in the period 1990 - 2018 year: Regulatory and
administrative issues
Milena KARADJOVA..................................................................................................83
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The potentials and challenges of developing sustainable and safe tourism: Albania case
Mirela TASE, Manjola XHAFERRI, Arjeta HALLUNOVI...........................................84
Influence of macroeconomic factors in failure of return of bank loans in Kosovo
Nagip SKËNDERI, Flora MERKO.................................................................................85
Cash and financial flows. Policies and implication from the Albanian perspective
Natasha AHMETAJ.........................................................................................................86
Challenges and opportunities for Albania in the path towards the European Union
Integration
Noemi Maria ROCCA.....................................................................................................87
Can the public recognize the quality of the banks?
Novo PLAKALOVIC, Boško MEKINJIC......................................................................88
Perspectives of digital integration in Western Balkans
Oliana SULA, Zamir HOXHA, Olta NEXHIPI..............................................................89
Smart villages: a solid approach to revive Albanian agriculture
Petraq PAPAJORGJI.......................................................................................................90
The “Hype cycle” model challenge
Raffaella GIRONE..........................................................................................................91
Direct marketing among companies in the Pollog region
Raman ISMAILI, Brikend AZIRI..................................................................................92
Italian "Borghi": Tourist valorization of environmental and cultural heritage
Rosalina GRUMO, Simona GIORDANO.....................................................................93
The network contract as an instrument of growth in SME
Sabrina SPALLINI, Domenico VIOLA........................................................................94
Insuring hurricanes: Perspectives, gaps, and economic impact on the alternative capital
market after 2017
Sara KEÇI, Teuta THANASI.......................................................................................95
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The management of work behavior as a function of job satisfaction
Sanie DODA, Soniela DODA.....................................................................................96
New economies, new geographies. A framework for European territorial policies
Sergio CONTI..................................................................................................................97
Photography as a key element in conveying the message to the targeted consumer
groups
Shaip BYTYÇI, Xhulja KURTI.......................................................................................98
Fullfillment of political criteria of Kopenhagen as a condition for negotiations of the
Republic of Macedonia on European Union Integrations
Sheherzada MURATI, Antigona ALILI, Isak AJRULI...................................................99
The control of interest rates, in the Bank's desicions
Stela AJDINAJ, Mauro BISCEGLIA, Matilda SHINI..................................................100
Albanian characteristics of fiscal policy and their impact on fiscal evasion
Tatjana ELEZI................................................................................................................101
Management practices as new working methods or innovationsintroduced to give
companies the competitive edge
Valbona MEHMETI, Erisa MUSABELLIU.................................................................102
Development of games of chance in Albania under conditions of economic crisis and the
need for intervention of the player's defense legislation
Valbona SOTIRI, Ardit KORBI, Valentin LOKA.......................................................103
Importance of creative in tourism growth
Violeta ALIAJ..............................................................................................................104
E-money and tourism
Vito CALIANNO, Iris CEKANI, Francesco FAVIA..................................................105
The role of the private sector in the development of Albania, Public-Private Partnership
approach
Voltiza PRENDI...........................................................................................................106
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Market concentrations and their influence in the market structure and competition their
trend in Albania
Zoica KOKAVESHI (ZHARKALLI), Servete GRUDA, Albana DIBRA..................107
Cycle economique des pays de la cedeao: Identification et caracteristiques
Zoundji Déo-Gratias ORPHEE....................................................................................108
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The impact of reward policies on motivation: The case of Albania
Azeta TARTARAJ1
Besart NUSHI2
Abstract
Maximising employee performance and is one of the main concerns of Human Resource
Managers who seek to implement the most effective policies that will drive employee
motivation. The purpose of this research paper is to discuss the reward policies and
theories of motivation that have been identified as sources of motivation in the context
of Albania. The paper includes the use of primary research in order to come at a
conclusion on which reward policies are the most effective in the Albanian environment
and explores the reasons of such outcomes. Furthermore, suggestions are given for
managers in the country who would be interested in motivating their employees in an
Albanian organization.
Key words: Motivation, Human Resources, Reward, Efficiency, Policy
JEL classification: J24, O15, M14
1 Prof. Asoc. Dr., Dean, Faculty of Business, University Aleksandër Moisiu Durrës, Email: [email protected] 2 MSc., Sales Enamblement and Effectiveness, Vodafone Albania, Email: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
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Consumption shocks and GDP responses in Albania
Agim NDREGJONI1
Jonida GASHI2
Abstract
In the economy, the decline or increase of GDP is related to the increase or decrease of
Consumption, Investments, Government Expenditures, Exports and Imports. This
article, through estimates of variation coefficients, explains whether the economic
volatility of GDP and consumption have moved together over the period 2002-2016.
This article explores that the economic volatility of consumption for this period has
grown more than the volatility of the GDP. Moreover, it examines the impulse response
functions that GDP and its components react to each other, indicating that consumption
is more volatile than other components of GDP and GDP itself.
Key words: Consumtion Shocks, Economic Growth, Economic Volatility, Impulse
Response Functions
JEL classification: O47, E21, C50
1 Dr, University “Aleksandër Moisiu”, Faculty of Business, Economics Department, Durrës, Albania E-mail: [email protected] 2 PhD Candidate, University “Aleksandër Moisiu”, Faculty of Business, Economics Department, Durrës, Albania E-mail: [email protected]
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Fiscal cadastre
Alba RAMALLARI1
Gentjan RAMALLARI2
Abstract
In many years of transition our country has gone through hardships to increase the
development pace. In particular increase in investments excluding costs of the public
finances. Fiscal parameters have changed several times striving to keep the fiscal
stability to an adequate level. For most developed countries, in the function of the fiscal
consolidation precautions are taken like, new policies and regulations such as: new
restrictions in the fiscal institutions, reviewing the budget regulators, etc. However, in
countries like Albania in which public debt and deficit are high, adequate and effective
solutions to finance the payments are needed. For many years now the only alternative
used has been generating revenues via privatizations and restructuring debt. Often the
tax policies were scrutinized to benefit as methods for financing. Recently a new tax is
introduced on property (the tax property) which will be a considerable sum to the
budget. This will be the main discussion on the topic, in particular; the amount of tax,
selection and payment.
Key words: Property Tax, Fiscal Policy, Land Property
JEL classification: H24, H71, K34
1 Dr, University “Aleksandër Moisiu”, Faculty of Business, Economics Department, Durrës, Albania, E-mail: [email protected] 2 National Authorizing Officer Support Directorate (NAOSD), Ministry of Finance and Economy, Albania, Email: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
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CPI analysis in Albania compared to Balkan countries
Alisa KOPRENCKA1
Abstract
Price indices serve as a single and aggregate measure of all individual relative price
changes in a basket of goods, the consumer price index is widely used as a general
indicator of inflation and as a tool by the authority to track the price performance. In this
study, the CPI of Albania was analyzed against two other countries, analyzed by Panel
method. Using panel analysis and using the Eviews 7 program is generating a CPI
model depending on GDP and Employment. The study addresses the CPI data for
Albania, Macedonia and Bulgaria for a period of 14 years. The time data presentation
contains 42 observations (14 * 3 places). So, for three states we have information for 14
years and the frequency of surveys is one year. CPI data for 3 countries are balanced
panel data since the same number of observations for same periods has been conducted.
In the effects by country it is clear that Albania has the greatest effect of GDP and
employment followed by Macedonia. Bulgaria has a negative effect on the impact of
these variables on the CPI. However, the effects appear at low levels. With regard to
timely effects, the highest effect seems to have been in 2014. Prior to 2008, these effects
have been negative and from 2008 to 2017 have increased.
Key words: Price Index, GDP, Employment, Quality Variables, Multicolinearity
JEL classification: E2, E
1 Msc., Specialiste e Parë, Sektori i Zhvillimit të DPN1, Bashkia Tiranë, Email: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
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Testing the Wagner’s hypothesis for the case of Albanian economy
Altin GJINI1
Mentor BEQA2
Abstract
This paper investigates the validity of Wagner’s Low, positive effect of economic
growth on public expenditures, for the case of Albania. The empirical work is based on balanced time series data, spanning from 1984 to 2016, downloaded from World Bank
data indicators and from the central bank of Albania. ADF, PP, and KPSS test on levels
and first differences are used for testing the presence of the unit root in each variable of
interest. Than after I use Johansen test, with the presence of constant term but without a linear time trend, for testing the co-integration between public spending and economic
growth. From the result of co-integration test we point out if the economy of Albania is
the case of Wagner’ Low. Also, by using Granger’s casualty test, I will try to investigate the flow of direction between government expenditures and economic growth. In the last
part I elaborate an augmented version of Wagner’s Low by adding in the model some
other explanatory factors such as government’s deficit, population, and inflation rate.
Key words: Granger Causality, Economic Growth, Government Expenditure, Wagner
Causality, Developing Countries
JEL classification: B23, C1, O40
1 Dr., University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durrës, Albania, Fakulteti i Biznesit, E-mail: [email protected] 2 Fakulteti i Shkencave Politike Juridike, University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durrës, Albania, E-mail: [email protected]
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The economic opportunity to recover waste in source and the challenges of
Albanian government with public raising awareness
Ana KEKEZI3
Abstract
The paper discusses how waste management is yet one of the biggest challenges in
country for Albanian government at central and local level and how country and citizens
can have opportunity to benefit economically from waste following the EU Directives
and concerns. On this research, misperception and lack of information and knowledge
Albanian citizens on Waste to Energy , recovery phase of hierarchy of waste
management will be on focus, and what challenges the Albanian governments faces
ahead on this issue. This research is based on interviews with representatives of central
and local government; donors; foreign agencies that operate in country;
environmentalist; the two private companies that operate in these two PPP’s; combined
with questionnaires to media staff and the findings of mapping the citizens’ public
opinion in TV and new online media. This research will aim to witness the key findings
and recommendations that might offer a roadmap to stakeholders, especially to Albanian
Government, on how to raise awareness, spread the proper knowhow, firstly to citizens
as the crucial beneficiary impacted on government policies and secondly to media as
main and crucial actor.
Key words: Waste Management, Waste-To-Energy, Government, Citizens, Media,
Misperception, Awareness
JEL classification: D74, H1, Q01
3 Doctoral student in Management, Faculty of Economy, European University of Tirana, Tirana Albania, E-mail: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
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Trade of insurance in Albania, geographical distribution and types of them
Ariola HARIZI1
Myfarete MALASI2
Abstract
Albania has around twenty years experience in Private General Insurance, and along this
years, trade experience is growing. The aim of this study is to analyse the trend of the
market, as well as coavarge of non-life lines available in the insurance market. Insurance
classes and their distribution are analyzed in proportion to their geographical spread in
different regions. In addition, it has been noted that the capital, the majority of insurance
policies are sold and other cities less in proportion to the type of contracts sold. The
Albanian insurance market has many opportunities for growth, development and better
service. Even payments for claims are increased, there is still much to be done to
improve customer service and general public. More claims are under cumulsory
insurance contracts and special motor insurance. On the other hand, Albanians are not
willing to buy many insurance contracts. This is mainly from low informations that they
have, and low incomes, and especially the lack of culture to provide voluntarly
insurances. Growth and development of marketing plans will improve the image of
insurance companies, offering a wide range of services at home and abroad, and a better
service to the costumers. Dispite the absolute increase in gross claims paid, a low ration
indicates that the market still has a lot to do in terms of improving costumer service and
public in general.
Educational and promotional campaigns for the public to raise awareness of good,
financial products and services, in line with enhancement of the quality of consumer
protection instruments, have been and will continue to be the strategic objective of the
Albanian Financial Supervisory Authority.
Key words: Insurance, Albania, Growth, Costumers, Market
JEL classification: E64, G23, H24
1 Msc, Financial Consultant and Tax Economist, Double S-Tax and Accounting Studio, Email: [email protected] 2 Msc, Specialist on Statistics of Tax and Fees, Municipality of Durrës-Department of Tax and Fees, Email: [email protected]
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Cultural heritage and sustainable tourism in Durrës
Arlind KASA1
Nevila ÇINAJ2
Abstract
Today, tourism is an important economic development asset. In the past tourism had not
a relevant influence in the economy but in present day more and more it have an
important impact in economic development. This is a significant reason why the local
and central govern constantly pay attention on sustainable tourism. So, in this paper we
will analyze a case of sustainable tourism in Durres, an Albanian city. The study will be
focused in cultural heritage in Durres. In this study, I will give some data that I believe
that they are interesting to understand the impact of tourism in Durres. Also, I will
analyze and discuss some factors that have transform Durres in one of the most
important sustainable tourism destination in Albania and the role of city cultural
heritage. To study this, we will show and analyze the number of tourist that had visit the
roman amphitheater, Venetian Tower, Byzantine Wall, Byzantine Macellum/Forum,
Roman Public Bath and the Archaeological Museum of Durres.
Key words: Sustainable Tourism, Number of Tourist, Archaeological Site, Museum,
Income
JEL classification: Z32, J32, M
1 Doctor of Science, University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durrës, Faculty of Business, Marketing Department E-mail: [email protected] 2 Doctor of Science, University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durrës, Faculty of Business, Head of Tourism Department E-mail: [email protected]
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8th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF BUSINESS FACULTY
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Leasing – A new standard for old contracts
Armela ANAMALI1
Alma ZISI2
Bitila SHOSHA3
Abstract
The old lease accounting standard (IAS 17), despite several improvements over the
years, has always left open for discussion regarding the classification and accounting of
long-term lease contracts. The lease agreement has in essence the transfer of the right to
use an asset for a certain period of time versus one or several payments. But what
happens when contracts are longer than a year? Who from the parties of the contract
effectively controls the asset and disclose the information? The old standard solves this
situation by making a classification in operating and financial leasing, under certain
conditions. Again this arrangement does not provide a solution for long-run operating
leases. The two main shortcomings in the accounting of operating leases are the lack of
information regarding the nature of the transaction and the right to use the asset over the
years. An entity is using for some periods an asset whose currency value saved at the
time of the lease option against its acquisition. In addition, there is a lack of information
regarding the right to use an asset, which may be a significant burden on the entity's
rights. This leads to the need of developing a new standard for lease financial reporting,
IFRS 16. In this article, the authors make a comparative approach between the
standards, realizing the necessity of a new standard came, as well as the challenges that
will bring its implementation.
Key words: Lesase, Accounting Standard, Comparative Approach
JEL classification: M40, M41
1 Dr., Aleksandër Moisiu University, Department of Financë - Accounting, Durrës, Email: [email protected] 2 Dr., Aleksandër Moisiu University, Department of Economics, Durrës, Email: [email protected] 3 Dr., Aleksandër Moisiu University, Department of Finance - Accounting, Durrës, Email: [email protected]
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ECONOMIC POLICY AND EU INTEGRATION
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Urgent measures to be taken for enabling financial inclusion in Albania
Artur RIBAJ1
Abstract
This paper presents the issues of Albania related to financial inclusion and the
recommendations to be taken in consideration based on results of qualitative and
quantitative research over public reports, surveys and interviews. Albania needs a
national financial inclusion strategy for fighting against poverty and enhancing
sustainable economic development of the country. This will contribute to achieve the
enabling of the easy access and reasonable cost to a whole range of financial services -
not just credit but also savings and payments - for individuals (regardless: the low level
of income, gender, age, very young or very old, location, rural or urban, etc.) and
businesses (regardless if they are: natural or legal person, small or large, with activities
in agriculture or commerce, in the village or town, etc.). The financial education is key
to understand what you sign when you invest. In Albania the level of financial education
is very low which affects the financial decisions of adults, their life and sustainability of
Albanian financial markets. Implementing obligatory financial education programs for
each target group reduce social effects and intermediaries’ financial risks, increase
healthy consumption and develop stable financial markets. Recommendations of this
paper demand the involvement of the Albanian Government, regulatory authorities and
other stakeholders for setting up a dedicated public structure as responsible for
implementing asap measures for each targeted segment. According to World Bank,
access to financial services made possible thanks to reforms. Albanian authorities
(MoFE, MoESY, BoA, AFSA, ACA) must amend the legal and regulatory framework
approaching EU Directives, OECD principles and best practices to enable competition
not concentration, transparency, access to finance for vulnerable segments and quality
financial services. By the other side, these authorities should supervise and take care
without allowing "shadow banking" and other financial intermediaries not subject to any
regulatory oversight, which is becoming a growing concern for supervisory authorities
worldwide and mainly for developing countries.
Key words: Financial Inclusion, Financial Education, Consumers, Regulatory
Authorities, Financial Intermediaries
JEL classification: E2; G21; H52; K23
1 Prof. Asoc. Dr., Faculty of Economics, University of Tirana, Email: [email protected]
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8th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF BUSINESS FACULTY
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The reimbursement scheme and its performance
Artur STAFA1
Abstract
The decision-making mechanism for health care, in terms of increasing reimbursement
costs and limited budgetary possibilities in Albania. The reimbursement cost dynamics
in 5 years (2012-2016), analyzed by: Beneficiaries, Districts, Drugs, Pharmacists and
Physicians. Developing a national health insurance policy towards wider coverage leads
to higher costs for health care and requires a good reimbursement system for healthcare
services. The decision to reimbursement drugs in Albania is in it’s transition period.
Decision-making on drug reimbursement requires the design of an effective
reimbursement list including budget impact and pharmacoeconomic assessment.
Pharmacoeconomic assessment plays an important role in decision-making efficiency
for reimbursement of medicines, although there are some barriers to overcome.
Key words: Refunds, Decision Making, Health Care, Medical Lists, Expense
JEL classification: G22, G23, I11
1 MSc., Fondi i Detyrueshëm i Sigurimeve Shendetësore, Email: [email protected], Email: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
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ECONOMIC POLICY AND EU INTEGRATION
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Quality of Albanian institutions within European integration framework
Besa SHAHINI1
Majlinda KETA2
Abstract
This paper offers a critical review of Albanian efforts toward European Union, through
the modernizations of its institutions. It investigates as well in returns, the speed of
institutional development induced by European integration process. The main purpose
of this paper is to determine the role of institutional quality in the process of European
Union enlargement, analyze the progress of Albanian institutional development, and
assess its deficiencies in the framework of European integration. To achieve the
objectives we estimate a model through application of an ARDL bounds testing
approach to co integration proposed by Pesaran et al. (2001), in order to analyze the
relationships between institutional and various other key economic variables and
economic growth over the period 1995-2016. The empirical results obtained suggest
that, for the Albanian case, the quality of the institutional performance is one of the most
important factors in defining economic prosperity toward European integration process.
Data sets used are referred to the World Bank source and it covers the World
Governance Index parameters such as: voice and accountability, political instability
and violence, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law, and control of
corruption. Comparing such indexes with other countries in different stages of EU.
Key words: Quantitative Methods, European Union, Institutions and Growth,
Integration, Quality of Institutions
JEL classification: C33, O52, O43, F630
1 Full Professor Department of Statistics and Applied Informatics, Faculty of Economy, University of Tirana, Albania E-mail: [email protected] 2 PhD, Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tirana, Albania E-mail: [email protected]
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8th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF BUSINESS FACULTY
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Financing constraints of SME
Besa XHAFERI1
Gjilnaipe BEXHETI2
Blerina ISEINI3
Abstract
The role and importance of small and medium sized companies is highlighted since the
‘50s and still remains a field of high interest both theoretically and empirically among
researchers and policymakers. A considerable number of researches provide evidence of
potential benefit of SME on growth and employability both for developed and
developing countries. The aim of this paper is to identify obstacles that companies face
as well as provide evidence of factors that possibly may influence these obstacles. A
probit model for data extracted from BEEPS dataset is estimated to identify possible
factors influencing the probability of a bank credit. We conclude that small and medium
companies in Macedonia identify as an obstacle the access to financing and that their
investments rely mainly on financing by bank credit.
Key words: SME, Financing, Business Obstacles
JEL classification: L2, O3, C1, D2
1 Prof.Ass., University of Tetova, Busines and Economics, Email: [email protected] 2 PhD, University of Tetova, Finance and Accounting, Email: [email protected] 3 BA, University of Tetova, Finance and Accounting, Email: [email protected]
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Entrepreneurship obstacles: Comparative approach
Besa XHAFERI1
Elvira FETAHU2
Arlinda ZEQIRI3
Abstract
The main focus of the paper is to address the obstacles that entrepreneurs face in the
business environment specifically refereeing to the case of Macedonia. The data are
extracted from BEEPS dataset. Quantitative and comparative analysis provide evidence
of the magnitude of the different obstacles that companies in Macedonia face compared
to the European average as well as evidence on differences of respective obstacles when
controlled for size of the enterprise. The main focus of the paper is to identify potential
obstacle that enterprises face to small country sample data. The evaluation and the
analysis provide evidence that size of the company matters for the probability to have a
business environment obstacle. Entrepreneurs differ in their likelihood to succeed and
the evidence we provide is that size influences the likelihood that companies face an
obstacle.
Key words: Enterprise, Business Environment
JEL classification: L2, O3, C1, D2
1 Prof.Ass, University of Tetova, Busines and Economics, Email: [email protected] 2 Prof. Ass., University “ Aleksander Xhuvani”, Department of Marketing, Email: [email protected] 3 BA, University of Tetova, Finance and Accounting, Email: [email protected]
https://www.google.com/search?q=entrepreneurship&spell=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjF3PflxsHaAhXBJ5oKHdGiD5EQkeECCCMoAA
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8th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF BUSINESS FACULTY
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The impact of community law on the reformation of the legislation in the
field of tourism in Albania
Bledar ABDURRAHMANI1
Abstract
This paper aims to carry out a thorough analysis of the impact that the European Law
has on the reformation of the Albanian legislation in the field of tourism. The paper
undertakes to provide an answer to some crucial questions such as: Which is the role of
the European Union in improving the legislation in the field of tourism in member states
of the EU or in states aspiring for the candidate status, what are the legal instruments to
be employed in terms of the legislative reforms of the tourism sector in the EU and
Albania. The paper supports the main hypothesis that the slow pace of implementation
of the legal reform in the field of tourism on behalf of the touristic enterprises is not
contributing accordingly to the expected success of this sector. To prove this hypothesis,
the desk research method has been employed, namely theoretical consultation with
important legal documents in the field of tourism, as well as the historical interpretation
of the legal reforms that have been undertaken in this field, besides the adoption of the
comparative research method, which examines the impact of the criteria and standards
set out in European Union law in the field of tourism and how these standards have been
transposed into the domestic law in the context of Albania's EU integration. The main
finding of this paper is that even though there is a legal basis already aligned with
community law which regulates and protects the interests of the tourist consumers
foreseen in the tourism law in Albania and specifically in the travel package contract,
these measures have not yet provided the appropriate effects due to the lack of
willingnessbytourist entrepreneurs to enforce legal requirements, and due to clients
failing to recognize and guarantee their rights and thereby mainly state institutions held
accountable such as the State Tourism Inspectorate failing to be more rigorous in
monitoring law enforcement.
Key words: EU Law, SAA, State Tourism Inspectorate, Tourist Entrepreneurs, Travel
Package Agreement
JEL classification: K23, K33, Z38
1 Dr., Department of Law, Faculty of Political Sciences and Law, “Aleksandër Moisiu” University, Durrës, Email: [email protected]
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The juridical mechanisms of Security Council of the United Nations
Blendi ÇALI1
Laurena KALAJA2
Abstract
Through this work, the authors aim to answer the question, which was the role of
juridical mechanisms of the Security Council of the United Nations on guaranteeing
peace after the Second World War. The states decided to trust the insurance of peace
and restoration of cooperation to the organization of the United Nations considering this
organization as the one whom would erase the bitter experience of the League of
Nations and healed the wounds of two World Wars. This work is channeled into two
main subtopics like the juridical nature of the Security Council resolutions and the Veto
mechanism, as two juridical mechanisms under the guide of which the organization
realized its mission. This work is interesting because it takes into analysis an
organization which continues to serve the international order and has a voice in the
resolution of conflicts and issues concerning the member states and world peace. The
historical and juridical point of view taken into analysis will make possible the
presentation of facts and their interpretation to reach in a conclusion regarding the role
of mechanisms of the Security Council in the realization of the mission of the United
Nations.
Key words: United Nations, Security Council, Veto mechanism, World Peace
JEL classification: N00, N4, N40
1 PhD Candidate, Department of Political and Administrative Sciences, Albanian University, Email: [email protected] 2 Lawyer, Polis University, Email: [email protected]
mailto:itmailto:it
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8th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF BUSINESS FACULTY
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Understanding entrepreneurial intentions of Albanian business students
based on the theory of planned behavior
Blendi SHIMA1
Babu GEORGE2
Abstract
This research aims to contribute to the understanding of the effect of entrepreneurship
education on entrepreneurial intentions among university business students in Albania.
A model interlinking entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention is
proposed based on the theory of planned behavior. Factors related to education that
affect the entrepreneurial intentions among business students in Albania are identified
and measured. Analysis of the data revealed significant relationships between personal
attitudes and entrepreneurial intentions. Subjective norms and perceived control over the
entrepreneurial abilities were both not significantly related to entrepreneurial intentions.
Discussion of results is presented and future research possibilities are suggested.
Key words: Entrepreneurship Education, Theory of Planned Behavior, Entrepreneurial
Intention, Perceived Desirability, Perceived Entrepreneurial Control
JEL classification: M13, O31, EED125
1 PhD Candidate, Canadian Institute of Technology Tirana, Albania, Email: [email protected] 2 PhD Candidate, Fort Hays State University, Hays, KS-67601, USA, Email: [email protected]
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ECONOMIC POLICY AND EU INTEGRATION
32
The role of employees in providing services. The case of Albanian
businesses
Blerim KOLA1
Taulant KULLOLLI2
Abstract
This article consists of a study of the role of employees in the process of providing
services. The employees are considered to be very important in the provision of services
and in this context the aim is to carry out an observation on certain types of businesses
in Albania in order to understand if the employees are really the representatives of the
organization they work and serve.
Businesses that are involved in the provision of services have the specificity that for
them, the employees and their way of working, has a great impact on its overall
performance. Are the employees serving in the Albanian businesses as promoters and
marketers? Are they trained by businesses to be the core of business marketing
strategies? Are there mechanisms to evaluate this aspect?
All of these research questions arise when considering the quality of the services offered
and when it is considered important for the business to grow and achieve their
objectives. Service businesses in our country, whether private or public, account for a
considerable share of the gross domestic product, about 53.7% according to the data of
2017. So because of this fact this study tends to assess the state of this sector and to
concretely stop in one of the important elements of its performance that are the
employees. This research project aims to combine service marketing theories with the
concrete role of one of the basic actors in this business, such as the employees.
Key words: Services, Employees, Albania
JEL classification: M0, M3, M31
1 Prof.Asoc.Dr. Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business, University “A. Moisiu”, Durres, Email: [email protected] 2 Msc., Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business, University “A. Moisiu”, Durres, Email: [email protected]
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8th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF BUSINESS FACULTY
33
Development of public-private partnership in the tourism sector and its
impact on Albania's economic growth. Let's learn from neighbors! A
Comparative case with Montenegro
Blerina DERMISHAJ1
Abstract
The recent years more and more discussions have been made about the importance that
tourism has in our country in economic growth.This awareness was first made by
private operators in this sector where the revenues generated by this activity motivated
them to seriously be involved with investments initially. The further growth of the flow
has led to the improvement of the already existing standards, which are at the same level
as the tourist standards of the countries that have been developed mostly in the industry.
Revenue growth and the impact on GDP has made the public sector, the government and
the relevant ministries turn the attention from tourism as the best way for the domestic
economic growth of the country.
Thus public and private actors are in ongoing discussions and debates for further
improvements and the undertaking of immediate actions to be done in the field.
The resources and tourism potentials of Albania compared to the neighboring countries,
directly competitive in this field, provide a certainty to create high expectations for
significant economic growth of the country. This paper intends to show, through a
comparative model with Montenegro, that by using the tourism resources each
countries, the change in income and the tourism impact on the economy, comes from the
degree of engagement of public operators. Public operators play a decisive role in
multiple direct and indirect results in the field. There are many touristic resources in the
possession, and their efficiently and efficiently use is made possible by the commitment
of public operators in the field, till on the creation of a functional tourist infrastructure.
We can learn from public-private partnerships models now available from neighboring
countries.
Key words: Public Operator, Private Operator, Comparison, Partnership, Tourist
Resources
JEL classification: Z3, Z30, Z2
1 MSc., Lecturer, “Aleksandër Moisiu” University, Faculty of Business, Durrës. E-mail: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
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ECONOMIC POLICY AND EU INTEGRATION
34
Flash mob marketing as a promotional strategy
Brunilda LIÇAJ1
Leida MATJA2
Abstract
Flash mob marketing is a non-traditional approach which points to the convergence of
advertising, marketing, and public relations in consumer communication practices.
Marketing communication has become more important than ever before because of the
building strong relationships with customers.
This paper categorizes flash mobs as a subsection of guerilla marketing, and provides a
historical and cultural analysis of the phenomenon. The paper provides an overview of
current trends of using flash mob as a guerrilla marketing communication. After an
examination of visual examples and discourses on the issue in the literature, the study
continuo with a discussion of flash mob and related advertising techniques. The
objective of this research is to identify possible trend of flash mob as a promotional
strategy and to verify that Marketing flash mobs using musical performance elements
are successful for the promotion.
Key words: Flash Mob, Communication Strategy, Guerrilla Marketing, Non Traditional
JEL classification: M31, M37, M39
1 Doctor of Science, Department of Tourism, University Aleksandër Moisiu, Durrës, Email: [email protected] 2 Competition Authority, Tirane, Email: [email protected]
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8th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF BUSINESS FACULTY
35
Gender diversity and firm performance
Caterina AURA1
Francesca AURA2
Franco RUBINO3
Abstract
At the beginning of the 90’s, the increasing development of studies on “Corporate
Governance” in the United States led Italy to revise its governance model. In this
setting, one of the most relevant aspects is board composition, and in particular Gender
Diversity, to be understood as female participation on boards. The aim of this paper is to
investigate the effects of board Gender Diversity of Italian listed companies on the
company performance.
In order to assess the existence of a relationship between board gender diversity and
firm performance, we used the panel data analysis “fixed effect panel model” over data
concerning 197 Italian listed companies from 2009 to 2015. Our results suggest a
positive impact of female presence on firm performances.
Key words: Corporate Governance, Board Diversity, Gender Diversity, Firm
Performance, Panel
JEL classification: C33, G30, G34
1 PhD, University of Calabria, DISCAG, Rende (CS) Italy, , Via P. Bucci 87036 Rende (CS) Italy, Email:
[email protected] 2 PhD, University of Calabria, DISCAG, Rende (CS) Italy, Via P. Bucci 87036 Rende (CS) Italy, Email: [email protected] 3 Professor, University of Calabria, DISCAG, Rende (CS) Italy, Via P. Bucci 87036 Rende (CS) Italy, Email: [email protected]
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ECONOMIC POLICY AND EU INTEGRATION
36
Les politiques économiques des pays européens à la lumière des chocs
mondialisés
Claude ALBAGLI1
Abstract
A l’âge de la maturité industrielle, la logique smithienne, tayloriste et fordiste d’une
efficience fondée sur la division des tâches et du travail, s’était imposée. Elle s’inscrivait
toutefois dans un cadre national abrité par des frontières douanières qui protégeait de la
concurrence internationale à laquelle on ne voulait se mesurer qu’avec précaution. Lors
de la dernière vague de mondialisation émergent à la fin des années quatre-vingt, un
nouveau contexte bouscule cette architecture séculaire. Ces données ont transformé les
entreprises et les stratégies économiques des Etats. On abandonne le principe d’une
chaîne globale de production au profit d’une segmentation dont chaque élément est
disposé sur le site le mieux disant en prenant l’ensemble de la planète comme champ des
possibles. Cela intensifie le commerce international, développe les stratégies du juste à
temps et de coordination, accélèrent les délocalisations et les externalisations. Mais que
peuvent faire les pays européens si la logique communautaire d’un échange libéralisé en
son sein rejoint soudainement celui de la gouvernance planétaire ? Comment
contrecarrer les effets délétères sur l’emploi quand les paradigmes keynésiens ou
néoclassiques ne sont plus remplis et émousse sérieusement l’efficacité des politiques
publiques ? Mais, alors que les effets non digérés de cette mutation perdurent, voici
qu’un troisième type de Progrès s’amorce et bouscule la structure productive.
L’intelligence artificielle tend à éliminer tout ce qui peut être répétitif par l’automation
et la robotisation. L’automation fait perdre la compétitivité des pays à main d’œuvre bon
marché sans recréer au Nord des gisements d’emplois. Finalement, les logiques
managériales qui s’étaient imposées à la faveur de l’unicité planétaire en faveur du
libéralisme, risquent de devenir obsolètes en trois décennies pour affronter ces nouvelles
configurations et ces nouveaux enjeux au sein desquels la question européenne reste
suspendue.
Key words: Economie Internationale, Economie Publique, Développement Economique,
Avancées Technologiques et Croissance, Organisation Industrielle
JEL classification: F02, H11, H2
1 Président de l’Institut CEDIMES, Membre de l’Académie Nationale des Sciences de Roumanie, email:[email protected]
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8th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF BUSINESS FACULTY
37
Renewable and non-renewable electricity consumption, carbone emission
and GDP: Case of Tunisia
Claude ALBAGLI1
Rahma Ben NAYA2
Francesco SCALERA3
Abstract
According to many studies, renewable energy (electricity) has one of the most
significant cost-effective potentials for reducing energy-related green house gas
emissions. Increasing the supply of renewable energy would allow for the replacement
of carbon-intensive energy source and significantly reduce polluant emission. The major
focus of this article is to investigate empirically the causal relationship between
renewable and non renewable electricity consumption, GDP and CO2 emission in the
case of Tunisia. Tunisian small and medium-sized entreprises use renewable energy to
reduce pollution and their costs, in particular chemical sector.
The difficulties that SMEs may encounter in adapting to environmental protection
imperatives are linked to the lack of funding, since the fixed costs of environmental
technologies remain high for it. The data used in this study are covering the period 1980
to 2015, we used the model time series for Tunisia country, the result provide empirical
evidence that there is a short-run bidirectional causality between GDP, renewable
electricity consumption and CO2 emission, and between non renewable electricity
consumption, GDP and renewable electricity consumption. As for the long-run causal
relationship, the result indicate that there is bidirectional causality between non
renewable electricity consumption and CO2 emission.
This paper is organized as follow: The introductory section; Reviews the related
literature; Provides the renewable energy in Tunisia; Describe the data and the
econometric model and we report our empirical finding.
Key words: Renewable Energy Consumption, Non-Renewable Energy Consumption,
Electricity, CO2 Emission, SMEs, Tunisia
JEL classification: Q4, Q43, Q53, Q57, M15
1 President CEDIMES Institute, France, Email: [email protected] 2 ResearchPhDStudent, University of Tunis El Manar (UTM), Faculty of Economics and Management of Tunis, Department of Economics Sciences, ResearchLaboratory of Prospectives Strategies and SustainableDevelopment (PS2D), Email: [email protected] 3 Researcher in Business Economics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Department Economics and Finance, Email: [email protected]
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ECONOMIC POLICY AND EU INTEGRATION
38
Potentials and perspectives for development of short tourist offers in
countries of Adriatic coast and hinterland
Darko PETKOVIC1
Nebojša VASIC2
Alaudin BRKIC3
Abstract
Airports play an important role in the development of a country's tourism. Tourism can
generate significant income and employment. Although it is not possible to attribute
employment and income directly or indirectly to the existence of the airport, it certainly
gives a strong contribution to the catalytic influence. The most important role of the
airport relates to the connections they provide, through raising the mobility of education,
the standard of living and quality of life, which allows the flourishing of the European
economy and society as a whole. Potential airports and MMA networks (elaborated in
the paper) in the hinterland of the Adriatic coast or on the shore can take over part of the
flight operations from the existing commercial airports. This is particularly important in
the summer months when large airports are burdened with a large number of operations
in the peak tourist season. The target group would be EU aeroclubs, business people,
elite tourism users (yacht owners and golf players), congress tourism participants and
many others.
Furthermore, users of small aircrafts would combine flight with the use of tourist offers,
servicing, maintenance and guarding of the aircraftswhich will be a whole-year offer.
What's particularly important is the proposed location of the airport for more than 300
sunny days with small temperature variations and virtually no snowflakes. Poland is the
best example - funds for research and development for only a few years from EU funds
for these purposes is more than 250 million EURO. The significance of avioturism and
all its catalytic influences requires broader research in this area which will certainly
highlight a new course of action.
Key words: Small Airport, Economy, The Standard of Living, Elite Tourism, Research
JEL classification: Z30, Z3
1 R.Prof.dr.sc., Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship of the University of Zenica, Email: [email protected] 2 V.prof.dr sc., Faculty of Economics of the University of Zenica, Email: [email protected] 3 V.prof.dr sc., Faculty of Economics of the University of Zenica, Email: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
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8th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF BUSINESS FACULTY
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Coordination of public investments in the function of their efficient
management
Dorjan TELITI1
Abstract
In a market economy, investment represents the engine of economic development.
Despite the level of development and growth of the private sector, the state remains the
largest investor with most important impact on the economy. Public investment in
central and local government not only creates and improves public services but also at
the same time generates employment, consumption and encourages private investment.
These are precisely those indicators that are often used to measure their efficiency.
However, while separate investment efficiency is important, there is no separate
territory between the central and local government. In the same territory, central and
local government investments can be developed. Often, these investments are
complementary to each other, but there are few cases of conflicts between them. Not
only international but also Albanian history recognizes cases when a local government
investment has been undone by the implementation of a central government investment
and vice versa. There are also a few cases where the need for coordination is necessary
because of a certain line that needs to be pursued between investments in order to
increase their management efficiency.
Efficient management of these investments requires precisely a co-ordination between
investors: the central government and local government. An integrated and appropriate
strategy should identify and evaluate the requirements of the particular areas of the
country's territory. These strategies are exactly the focus of this study. In order to
measure the efficiency of public investment management in Albania, the co-ordination
of sectorial and regional public investment strategies will be analyzed. Through a
questionnaire, the facts and assessments of specialists, managers and political leaders of
central and local government institutions have collected to measure the impact of
regional and sectorial development strategies on public investment efficiency and the
minimization of possible conflicts between them.
Key words: Management, Co-ordination, Public Investment, Efficiency
JEL classification: H40, H53, H5
1 Msc, Parliament of Albania, Adviser, Email: [email protected]
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ECONOMIC POLICY AND EU INTEGRATION
40
Moral tax determinants
Elton KARAPICI1
Gentiana FILIPI2
Abstract
Studying the moral tax is very important to understand what affects the decision-making
of individuals to pay taxes so that the governing bodies and tax administration of the
country can work to improve those elements and promote voluntary tax compliance. All
this serve the common good of the public good and help in designing appropriate fiscal
policies that achieve higher tax compliance.
The Moral Tax really is a very important component of compliance decisions and shows
that tax morality operates through different basic channels. There is little evidence that
shows that we know how to manage these channels to improve compliance and revenue
collection in a consistent and successful manner.
One of the problems faced by economies of all countries around the world is fiscal
evasion. Since the birth of tax systems, as a compulsion of citizens, the ways to avoid
this obligation have begun. But to combat these non-fulfillment of tax obligations, such
as tax evasion, it is important to understand what affects the decision-making of
individuals to pay or not the taxes.
But recently the literature has recognized some new theories on the explanation of tax
compliance, which are summarized in a single concept, constitute the moral tax. Thus,
the moral tax and its determinants do not remain merely at the theoretical level of
literature on the moral tax, but they will also be analyzed by identifying the determining
factors that influence citizens' decision-making on tax compliance.
Key words: Moral Tax, Fiscal Policy, Tax Administration, Tax Evasion
JEL classification: H40, H53, H5
1 MSc., Inspector at the General Taxation Directory of Tirana, Albania, Email: [email protected] 2 PhD. Accounting Department, Faculty of Economy, Tirana University, Email: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
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8th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF BUSINESS FACULTY
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The impact of packaging and its elements in the consumer behavior
Eda BEZHANI1
Abstract
Packaging is considered a key point of marketing communication and can be considered
as one of the most important factors influencing the decision to buy. It is an important
part of the marking process, plays a vital role in communicating the image and identity
of an organization. The main objective of this paper is to highlight the role of packaging
and its elements in consumer behavior, brand communication and consumer value.
The study discusses three types of connections: the "consumer behavior - color of
packaging", "consumer behavior - packaging text" and consumer behavior - packaging
design. The data is collected through a questionnaire with a sample of 206 people, in
order to identify different perceptions and views of consumers towards the packaging
elements of a product. The results showed that the focus is on design - consumers tend
to read the information on the packaging on average and think that font size has a
sufficient impact on their reading. The resulting element that encourages more to buy, is
the image or figure, interviewees have often made purchases based on product
packaging and the color influences the determination of various spontaneous purchases.
Key words: Packaging, Marketing, Consumer Behavior, Decision-Making Process
JEL classification: M30, M31, M
1Prof.Asoc.Dr, Department of Marketing, University “Aleksandër Moisiu”, Durrës, Email: [email protected]
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E-Government and its impact to the public
Edona ZENELI1
Abstract
In this paper will be addressed the topic: "E-Government and its impact to the public".
As in many countries around the world, we are working hard in the field of Information
Technology in Albania to provide services of Public Administration at any time and
from any geographical location. The digitalization process of services provided by the
Public Administration is one of the areas in which it is being invested more both from
the financial point of view and from the human resources point of view. The hypothesis
raised in this paper is: "E-Government has significantly improved the quality of services
provided by Public Administration". The research questions that accompany this
hypothesis are:
1. What does E-Government mean to citizens of the Republic of Albania?
2. What was their approach to this important innovation for improving government
service?
3. How are different categories and ages matched with this development?
4. Have they received enough information about these developments in the field of
information technology?
5. What are the age groups using most online government services?
The object of this study will be citizens of the Republic of Albania with different
geographical locations and different age groups. The analysis of the survey conducted
will be detailed in the full paper. The development of e-government plays a very
important role in improving everyone's life and studies in this area should be more
quality and frequent in helping to improve this service.E-government’s impact to the
public is very important for the government and its departments.
Key words: E-government, Service, Public Administration, Development, Information
Technology
JEL classification: H11, Q55
1 MSc., Head of ICT Sector and Project Implementation, National Agency of Information Society (NAIS) Email: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
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8th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF BUSINESS FACULTY
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Estimating the drivers of De-Euroization in Albania
Ela GOLEMI1
Abstract
Albania is actually experiencing a high level of financial euroization, public's preference
to keep a considerable part of its assets and liabilities in foreign currency. The presence
of financial euroization in the economy has potentially adverse effects on
macroeconomic policies and the stability of the financial system. The study seeks to
explore the drivers for de-euroization in Albania, based on developments in banking
sector's balance sheet and the experiences of other countries. The realistic objective of
this phenomenon reflects its complexity and the approach to it must be comprehensive.
The study made a documentation of trends in credit and deposits in the Albanian
banking sector, using data from the Bank of Albania between 2000 and 2015. An
econometric approach is used to model de-euroization dynamics and to identify the
factors that have boosted the de-euroization process. The analysis suggests possible
measures to be implemented in order to reduce the phenomena, (i) on the liability side of
banking system, the increase of the reserve requirements of deposits in foreign currency;
and (ii) and on assets side, measures aimed at providing some general awareness of
economic agents about foreign currency risks and the imposition of a higher regulatory
requirements for liquid assets in the foreing currency.
Key words: Financial Euroization, Currency Substitution, De-Euroization Measures
JEL classification: E58 (Central Banks and their Policies)
1 PhD, Lecturer at Economics Department, University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durrës, Email: [email protected]
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ECONOMIC POLICY AND EU INTEGRATION
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Social return on investments: Economic, financial and sustainable aspects
Elisabetta VENEZIA1
Fabio PIZZUTILO2
Abstract
Building on the principles of "social accounting" and “cost-benefit analysis”, we analyse
the Social Return On Investment (SROI) of some infrastructural interventions by using
Pay for Success (PFS) and Social Impact Bonds (SIBs). SROI is a powerful method for
measuring possible non-financial value of investment projects. It contributes to a wider
analysis of investments and offers an overview of how change has been generated and
experienced by beneficiaries and stakeholders. PFS is a promising approach to
contracting that ties payment for service to the achievement of measurable outcomes. It
tries to ensure that high-quality, effective social services are delivered to individuals and
communities. SIBs are a type of bond that does not offer a fixed rate of return and
whose repayment to investors is contingent upon specified social outcomes being
achieved by the financed project. Using tools such as PFS and SIBs, we argue that SROI
turns into a cutting edge model for non-financial evaluation of investment project and
that it is a powerful guide for funders seeking at combining environmental and societal
returns along with financial ones. Although it makes use of monetary values to represent
the social and economic results of infrastructural investments, the model is designed to
measure the effective sustainable social and environmental value that is expected to be
created by the project and to stimulate funding by private, public entities and
supranational large infrastructural investment programs, remediating or preventing the
absence of proper sustainable social and environmental evaluations.
Key words: Social Return on Investment, Pay for Success, Social Impact Bond,
Sustainable Finance, Infrastructure Investments Evaluation
JEL classification: H54, M14, G11
1 University of Bari Aldo Moro, Email: [email protected] 2 University of Bari Aldo Moro, Email: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
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8th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF BUSINESS FACULTY
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Banking sector in Albania and some key performance indicators of second
tier banks
Enida ISTREFI1
Juliana IMERAJ2
Jonida LAMÇJA3
Abstract
In this paper I have the main purpose to evaluate the underlying conditions of the
Albanian banking system. In addition to the theoretical approach, I focus on presenting
some specific indicators that show the performance and efficiency of our banking
system (ROA, ROE, Profitability Reports). Indicators that will serve us to see which of
the banks in Albania occupy the largest share in the financial market. The literature
browsed in this paper is very wide, starting from albanian and foreign authors, field
researchers and financial experts who have expressed their views on the level of
development of second tier banks in Albania. To date, there are some theories on
competition and overriding factors that determine it. One of the earliest theories initiated
by Mason (1939) is the Tripartite Theory Structure-Conduct -Performance . The main
idea of this theory is that the market structure has a direct impact on the behavior of
companies (in our case study of banks), and as a consequence affects the performance of
banks. As for the equally usable second hypothesis proposed by Demsetz (1973),
Efficiency Structure Theory, it is noted that the efficiency of the companies is positively
linked to the market share occupied by the company. The primary sources of
information are obtained from the annual reports of second tier banks and from the
annual reports of the Bank of Albania.
Key words: Banking System, Structure-Behavior -Efficiency Theory, Effective Structure
Theory
JEL classification: G2, G20, G21
1 MSc. Department of Finance-Accounting, University Aleksandër Moisiu, Durrës Email:
[email protected] 2 PhD. Department of Finance-Accounting, University Aleksandër Moisiu, Durrës Email: [email protected] 3 MSc. Department of Finance-Accounting, University Aleksandër Moisiu, Durrës Email: [email protected]
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The influence of e-management of maritime shipping companies for
business successful
Erald BERBERI1
Denada LIÇA BERBERI2
Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to analyze the role of e-management on maritime
shipping companies performance in order to gain competitive