bountiful life - february 2013

Volume I, Issue III February 2013

Inland Northwest Conservation Guide

Controlling the Mud and Manure in Your Pastures

Starting Seeds - Easy as ABC

Cozy Crochet Craft

Country Living In The Inland Northwest

Photograph Courtesy of Quicksilver Studios

Spinning, Knitting, Weaving and Crochet -The Paradise Fibers Story

2 • February 2013 Bountiful Life

Roger A. Duval Senior Financial Planner | Financial Services Representative

Financial Planning Division An Office of MetLife

Phone: 509-842-5711 E-Mail: [email protected] Web: www.rogerduval.metlife.com

The Good Life… What does it mean to you? Being healthy? Having financial freedom? Having time to do what’s important to you? Does your current financial plan allow you to live the Good Life? If not, sitting down with a financial planner that takes the time to understand your values and your needs could have a dramatic impact on helping you achieve those goals. Call me today to set up a complimentary consultation. Together, we can create a plan to get you there.

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (MLIC), New York, NY 10166. Securities products and investment advisory services offered by MetLife Securities, Inc. (MSI) (member FINRA/SIPC) and a registered investment adviser. MLIC and MSI are MetLife companies. L1212295341[exp0514][ID,WA]

Roger A. Duval Senior Financial Planner | Financial Services Representative

Financial Planning Division An Office of MetLife

Phone: 509-842-5711 E-Mail: [email protected] Web: www.rogerduval.metlife.com

The Good Life… What does it mean to you? Being healthy? Having financial freedom? Having time to do what’s important to you? Does your current financial plan allow you to live the Good Life? If not, sitting down with a financial planner that takes the time to understand your values and your needs could have a dramatic impact on helping you achieve those goals. Call me today to set up a complimentary consultation. Together, we can create a plan to get you there.

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (MLIC), New York, NY 10166. Securities products and investment advisory services offered by MetLife Securities, Inc. (MSI) (member FINRA/SIPC) and a registered investment adviser. MLIC and MSI are MetLife companies. L1212295341[exp0514][ID,WA]

February 2013 • 3Country Living in the Inland Northwest

Dear Readers,I must confess, as a non-knitter, I had no

idea what to expect when my colleague and I decided we were going to interview Paradise Fibers for this month’s Home Grown Success Story. While I did raise lambs for a number of years in 4-H and FFA growing up, we never did anything with the raw fibers after slick shearing for the Jr. Livestock Show. Let me tell you, I was very pleasantly surprised. We learned a ton about yarn and fiber, spinning and weaving, knitting and crochet, and even some very interesting Spokane history. We had a great time visiting with the Romine Family and encourage all of you, whether you knit or not, to stop by their store. After such a great experience at Paradise Fibers we wanted to share the love of knitting and crochet with our readers, and so our multi-talented Food Editor Ashley Lewan put together a beginner’s crochet project for a cute, ear warming headband. Check it out on page 22.

It won’t be long until we are turning our faces into the warm Spring sunshine. Take the time now to get those little inside tasks

done before we all rush outside at the first hint of green. I’m referring to the ones that you may have been putting off for weeks, like finishing that knitting project, starting garden seedlings, preparing your property for the rainy season, and taking the time to cook your favorite wintertime comfort foods. Bountiful Life is here to help you plan ahead to have a happy and productive homestead. Soon we will be in full swing for gardening season and these pasttimes will get pushed to the wayside. Enjoy them in the present and leap into Spring prepared and raring to go!

Until Next Time,

Chandra LoganContent [email protected]

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Table of Contents Paradise Fibers and the Romine Family - Home Grown Success StoryHow this local yarn and fibers company got its start in the world .............................8Starting Seeds – Easy as ABCGet your gardening fix by starting your seeds inside ........................................... 14Livestock & Land versus Mud & ManureReducing the mess and pollution from your paddocks ......................................... 16Chicken and Dumplings A hot and comforting recipe to warm you up after a hard day’s romp in the snow! .. 19Inland Northwest Conservation Resource GuideA directory to the areas of expertise for local agencies and organizations .............. 20Cozy Crochet CraftSimple steps to a cute, handmade headband that keeps the frost from biting. ......... 22

Our Cover Photo - Western Pleasure Guest RanchRoley Schoonover driving his horse drawn sleigh full of smiling guests, which is about 16 miles northeast of Sandpoint, Idaho. It is owned & operated by Roley & Janice Schoon-over, and her parents, ranchers Jim & Virginia Wood. The 1100 acre property has been an operating cattle ranch for five generations. They offer a long list of possible seasonal activities including horseback riding, hiking, fishing, snowshoeing, evening campfires, snowmobiling, archery, cattle sorting, cross country skiing, trapshooting, and white water rafting. The photo is courtesy of Quicksilver Studios.1413 Upper Gold Creek, Sandpoint, ID. (208) 263-9066 • www.westernpleasureranch.com

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February 23, 2013www.WomenInAg.wsu.edu

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FMember FDIC

Country Living In The Inland Northwest

CONTENT EDITOR Chandra Logan

FOOD EDITOR Ashley Lewan

ADVERTISING SALES Jan Ryan Steve Nickeson

Helen Boyd-SchwartzPRODUCTIONPatrick McHale

GRAPHIC DESIGNKenyon Haskins Deborah Simpson

PUBLISHED BY Exchange Publishing

304 W. 3rd Avenue, SpokaneWashington 99201

CONTACT DETAILS 509-922-3456 • 1-800-326-2223

Fax: 509-455-7940

MAIL: P.O.Box 427, Spokane, WA 99210

[email protected]


Color pictures and descriptions of all species available can be viewed at www.sccd.orgQuestions: Call 509-535-7274

NOTE: The seedlings can be used for a variety of conservation practices, such as reforestation, windbreaks and screens, riparian enhancements, wildlife habitats, Christmas tree plantations, and for use as street or shade trees, as well as for landscape beautification in your urban backyard. The Forestry department is available at 509-535-7274 to help you select the right species for your location and conditions.

SALE INFORMATION Order deadline is March 15, 2013 – late orders are not accepted. Orders must be picked up on April 5 (8a-5p) or April 6 (9a-3p) at the District office. Orders cannot be mailed or picked up earlier/late. A minimum payment of 50% must be included with the order; the remainder is due when the order is picked up. We only accept cash or checks! We do not accept credit or debit cards. These are bareroot seedlings, most are 3-24’’ tall, and they are not potted (unless otherwise noted)

ORDERS DUE: March 15, 2013 — SEEDLINGS AVAILABLE FOR PICKUP April 5-6, 2013

Havana, Spokane, WA

ORDER FORMPlease print legibly to ensure the correct species & quantity is ordered

Cash Or Check Only! No Credit Or Debit Cards

Seedling Subtotal $

x 8.7% WA Sales Tax $

Order Total $

Less Deposit (must enclose 50% min) $

BALANCE DUE (at time of Pickup) $

Species Ordered Quantity Price Species Ordered Quantity Price

Help us save a tree! The SCD is moving toward an electronic brochure; to receive it in 2014, please enter your address below.

Email:

Name*

Mailing Address*

City, State, Zip*

Phone*

* Required


2013 SPECIAL FEATURED SPECIES: Gro-low Sumac Also known as fragrant Sumac, it is an ornamental, deciduous shrub that only reaches

about 1.5-2” in height, but has a spread of up to 8’ wide. Low maintenance, well-drained soil, full sun to partial shade. Fragrant leaves turn to showy red

or orange in the fall, & yellow flowers bloom in the spring.

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NATIVE & ORNAMENTAL DECIDUOUS TREES

RESTORATION CONIFERS

Quantity of Seedlings 5 10 15 20 25 50 100Price (per bundle of 5) $9 $18 $27 $36 $45 $90 $180

Sitka Alder (20-25’) Serrated leaves, best in moist soil, excellent for erosion control Black Walnut Large deciduous tree, produces edible walnuts, best in full sunlight, moist soilRed Oak (60-70’) Stout, spreading branches, broad round top, drought tolerant shade treeSugar Maple (75-120’) Moderate growth rate, brilliant fall color, well drained, mud, moist fertile soilAmerican Chestnut (up to 100’) Wide spreading branches, produces sweet edible nuts, deer tolerantPaper Birch (50-70’) Fast growing with pointed leaves and bark that turns white & peels in long strips; needs moist soilQuaking Aspen (30-40’) Leaves flutter with the slightest breeze & turn a showy gold in the fall; need moist soil


American Filbert (8-15’) Leaves turn a copper red in the fall, showy yellow flowers in spring & edible nuts (like hazelnuts)Caragana (10-15’) Drought tolerant shrub with yellow flowers in the spring & peapods in the summer; good windbreakCeanothus (3-5’) Clusters of fragrant, creamy white flowers; broadleaf evergreen shrub, pleasantly aromaticChoke Cherry (up to 30’t 10-20’w) Woody, thicket forming shrub/ small tree, leaves are dark green & turn yellow in the fall Douglas Spirea (3-8’) Deciduous, sun or shade; in damp, marshy sites, or rocky open upland areas; spiky pink flower clustersGolden Currant (4-6’w 6’t) Bright yellow flowers, good soil stabilizer for both up slope sites & damp bottom land areas Kinnikinnick (4-8”) Spreading groundcover with light pink bell-shaped flowers and red berries that last into winterMockorange (10-12’) Has clusters of fragrant white showy flowers, can tolerate drought; good for screens and bordersNinebark (8-10’) Hardy, best in full sun or very light shade, flowers nicely, adapts to most soilsRed Osier Dogwood (6-15’) Small shrub with bright red twigs that last into winter & clusters of white flowers in the springServiceberry (6-15’) Spreads by underground runners, creating large thickets, good drainage, moderate exposureSilver Buffalo Berry (3-4’) Matting root system, useful in stream-side stabilization, provides forage & habitat for wildlifeSnowberry (3-8’) Outstanding conservation species, rhizomatous root system makes good soil stabilizer, poisonous berriesWoods’ Rose (2-6’) Drought tolerant & hardy shrub, small pink flowers, prefers well-drained soil & partial shade to full sun


Austrian Pine (up to 50’t) Very adaptable conifer, heat & cold tolerant, better suited to well-drained soils with good exposure to sunColorado Blue Spruce (70-100’) Slow growing with green to blue foliage; often used as a windbreak; requires water in hot, dry weatherConcolor Fir (30-50’t 15-25’w) Almost perfect pyramidal Christmas tree shape, soft needles are silvery bluegreenDawn Redwood (up to 100’) Very fast growing when young, reddish fall colorFraser Fir (up to 40’) Dense branching, narrow conical form; glossy, dark green needlesGrand Fir (150-200’) Has glossy green needles & sweeping branches; often used as a Christmas tree; prefers moist soilRocky Mountain Juniper (20-30’) Drought tolerant large shrub or small tree, narrow and conical in shape; good for windbreaksSubalpine Fir (up to 60’) Very hardy, establishes root system under severe conditions; relatively slow growingWestern Red Cedar (100-150’) Fast growing & required ample water, a good choice for reforestation and riparian enhancements

Quantity of Seedlings 5 10 15 20 25 50 100-499Price (per bundle of 5) $6 $12 $18 $24 $30 $60 55¢ each

Douglas Fir (150-200’) Popular for Christmas trees and reforestation, somewhat drought tolerant & perfers partial shade

NATIVE & ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS & GROUNDCOVER

NATIVE & ORNAMENTAL CONIFERS


Paradise Fibers is a yarn and fiber company that will blow your mind. Whether you are a knitter or not, anyone that visits their store will be amazed by the sheer volume of

brightly colored yarn adorning nearly every wall. The company is owned and operated by the Romine Family: husband and wife Bill and Laurel, and their son Travis and his wife

Sara. The family and a troop of very knowledgeable employees all work together using their variety of talents to make the company hum like a well-oiled machine.

We arrived at Paradise Fibers bright and early on a sunny snowy day. Sara and her son George let us in as they were opening up the store, and Travis arrived shortly thereafter. While we let them get settled we perused the store front and looked up…up…UP at the innumerous shelves of yarn climbing all the way to the ceiling. The store reminded me of a library because of its rolling ladder to reach the tip tops of shelves. Travis, tall and fair haired, heartily shook our hands and took off on a tour of the maze that is the Paradise Fibers headquarters.

Paradise Fibers and the Romine Family Your Neighbor’s Home Grown Success Story

By Chandra Logan

The Spokane Conservation District is launching a new program

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Spokane Conservation District • N. 210 Havana, Spokane, WA 99202

• Enrich animal health • Increase property value • Reduce dust and odors

• Improve chore efficiency • Improve overall safety • Reduce mud and manure


We started in the store front with its gleaming hard wood floors and tall brick walls. Travis launched us into the long and detailed past of the building and brought history to life as we suddenly found ourselves standing in a giant brick oven! The building was once owned and op-erated as “The Brownie Baking Company.” During the 1960’s the bakery produced cookies for young women’s Brownie Troops both regionally and nationally. The main level which houses the store front for customers still has the remains of the great brick oven. The oven is no longer working, but customers can walk right in and admire the tremendous size of it.

Travis leads us through a rainbow of colored yarn and up a ramp to the back part of the store. Here there are totes and totes of raw fiber filling the shelves. He starts pulling down plastic totes from shelves on the walls and showing us their unique products. “Have you ever seen fiber from a yak?” he asked me, “This is from a yak in Mongolia. How about a camel?” He let me handle the fibers as he explained that they are from a baby camel and resemble cashmere, and the texture is so soft and fine that it flows through my hands like water. There are wooden spinning wheels of different shapes and sizes lining the wall, and other primitive looking wooden tools that I have never seen before in every nook and cranny. Even farther back there is a sitting

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area full of soft cushy chairs and couches. Travis explains that this is for customers to sit and knit or crochet, or to provide a place for their different classes to be held.

Next we travel upstairs to see the real nerve center of the operation. We step into Travis’s office which houses around half a dozen com-puter monitors, and probably at least 5 times that many cords. Travis maintains the website from here as well as other functions of the store. Next door is a small recording studio. That’s right, it surprised us too! Travis has a love of music and records it in his studio when he finds the time. Across the hall is a full kitchen for the staff’s use and a laundry room for when they dye fibers. The kitchen is bright and contempo-rary, and has several vertical windows overlooking the Spokane city-scape. After the kitchen we move on to the back of the building that is

Travis, Sara, and their son George in front of a small selection of the variety of yarns at Paradise Fibers“Have you ever seen fiber from a yak?” he

asked me, “This is from a yak in Mongolia. How about a camel?”


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a large and open ball-room. This is where Paradise Fibers has their camera and lighting equipment set up. They use this set up to photograph their products for the website. Travis also informs us that he and

his wife Sara had their wedding reception up here. The last place we have yet to see of the building is the basement, and Travis warns us with a chuckle that it is a little scary as far as basements go. I’m look-ing forward to this, and I wasn’t disappointed.

The basement it seems, takes us even farther back in history. While it now holds even MORE inventory (if you can believe it!), it was once a stable or livery. You see, the old brick building was originally built in the very early 1900’s. Around 1909 it is on record that the build-ing was the home of the WSU Veterinary Clinic. In one area of the basement there are parallel rows of heavy supporting beams on op-posite sides of the room. These beams were intended to support stall walls and gates for horse stalls. In between these two rows at the other end of the great room is a door to a smaller concrete chamber that looks like a feed storage room. While there are obviously no horses or even stalls down here anymore, there is a mixture of both medi-eval and modern looking equipment. The area has been designated

as Bill’s work room. He uses the space to design spinning wheels for the store.

Now that we have had the tour, we all venture back upstairs to the kitchen for some hot mugs of coffee and a quiet place to sit and chat about the family and their own history. Bill joins us and we get to talk-ing. Travis starts with the beginning of his life, when his parents Bill and Laurel were living in Pleasant Prairie, Washington. His life start-ed in a rural and agricultural way. They had a family cow, among other animals, and they used the cow for their family’s milk, cream, and but-ter. It was simplicity in their life that Bill remembers fondly. “We may have to get a cow again,” Bill muses, “I do miss the fresh milk and butter.” They often shared the cow’s products with the neighbors, and those who knew about it could come and get the cream and butter out of their garage whenever they pleased.

Soon the family moved to the Bay area in California for Bill’s job at the family machinery business. They wouldn’t return to the Inland Northwest until 1988 (Travis was now around 13 years old) when Bill became involved with the inception of the local TV Channel KSKN. The family settled here and grew up happily, and soon Travis went off to college to pursue a degree in marketing.

Around 1909 it is on record that the building was the home of the WSU Veterinary Clinic,

and was once a livery.


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During this time Bill’s wife Laurel and their daughter Rachel dis-covered a deep and passionate love for knitting and spinning fibers to produce yarn. One day Rachel went out to buy one sheep to fuel her devotion to yarn, and she came back with twenty! While they were all quite surprised then, they have a good laugh about it now. As the family became even more deeply involved with fiber produc-tion, an inside joke soon arose that they would save more money if they just had their own fiber store. They made that thought a reality approximately 8 years ago when Bill and Laurel bought the company Paradise Fibers from a woman who had literally started it in her base-ment. They opened a store and enlisted Travis’s help to market the company and its products. The business soon expanded and a bigger location was needed.

Two years ago the family purchased the building that is the present location of Paradise Fibers at Washington and Indiana, right in the heart of Spokane. When they purchased the building, it was in rough shape. The building was rundown, the roof was near to falling in, and the inside was full of garbage, three dumpsters full to be exact. The family has done a very large amount of work to restore and renovate the building. Today you would never know the building was once in such dire condition. Thanks to all that hard work their enchanting store is now the perfect home to a massive inventory of yarn, fiber and affiliated products that they sell to customers all over the world.

While the company’s wide and diverse inventory is impressive to say the least, a small percentage of that inventory is grown by the Romine Family on their own farm. The same day they bought the company,

Bill and Laurel also closed the deal on their current home which is considered the family farm. They raise around 35 animals on their 5 acres, mostly sheep and chickens. The family enjoys fresh eggs from the chickens and raises the sheep for fiber, and will process a lamb for meat as needed. The sheep they raise on their farm are known as primitive breeds: Icelandic, Moorit, Columbia Cross, and Targhee. I felt the fiber from their Targhee ram named “Axel,” and it was of a slightly coarser texture than some of the baby camel that I had felt ear-

Travis teaching Chandra how to spin fibers into yarn on one of the many wheels available. He made it look so easy!

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lier, but it was clean white and kept a slight scent of lanolin, which was very nice.

When I asked them what the worst thing to happen to their farm was, Bill and Travis had different respons-es. For Bill, it was having the water pump go out. “When you have all these animals depending on you for water and consequentially survival, you have to make sure that doesn’t happen. If you lose water, you’re toast.” After the difficulty of having to find an alternative water source for his animals, they installed a hand pump to ensure that wouldn’t hap-pen again. Travis answered that they had had several problems with preda-tors taking their lambs, chickens, and even some of the smaller ewes. Coyotes were snatching their livestock left and right. So they asked around for advice and decided to get an attack llama. Once they got “Mama Llama” to watch over the flock, they never lost another animal.

Laurel, Bill’s wife and Travis’s mother, spends most of her time caring for and maintaining the family farm. She prefers the quiet country and raising the livestock. Laurel processes the wool from their sheep, hand washing and carding it herself. “Home grown and hand processed fibers are truly special,” Bill explains to us, “Not a lot of places do it that way anymore. Laurel spent a lot of time chasing down information and books to educate us all on the best way to take care of the sheep and raise good fibers.” While the fibers from their own farm make up only a small part of the tremendous inventory that they have, it is very apparent that they love doing it and sharing their passion with the rest of the world.

From my perspective, the trait that has made Paradise Fibers a home grown success is that all the people involved have incredible individual talents in a variety of areas. The family and their employees put all of their unique skills together to make the company work like clockwork. They are excited to share their knowledge and skills with other fiber enthusiasts, from novices to experts. Travis even let me have a go at one of their spinning wheels before we left. I slipped out of my shoes and sat at the wheel, and tried my best to follow Travis’s instructions. While I may need some more practice before I can start making my own yarn, I did it long enough to be able to appreciate the soothing rhythm and flow of the machine. Bill had said, “Speed is key, drafting is the secret.” I think I had some issues with the drafting part, but the beauty and simplicity of the endeavor did not escape me. u

Bill and Laurel Romine on the family farm

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Growing your garden from seed can be a rewarding and money saving way to go. It takes a little planning, and some space with

plenty of light, but once you’ve got those, then you’re all set. Let’s take a look at the key elements of growing from seed: soil, light, wa-ter, containers and timing.

Soil is the foundation for all plants, so give them a good start. Rule number one is do not use garden soil to start seedlings. Garden soil may have weed seeds, insects and diseases, while seedlings don’t have the natural defenses that older plants do. Garden soil may also form a crust at the surface that can keep the seedlings from breaking through to the light.

What should you use? Look at your local garden center for good quality potting soil. While you don’t have to use a seedling mix, these do have smaller particles that are better for plants just getting started. Avoid mixes that have large chunks of bark in them, as these don’t hold water well enough for seedlings. You want a mix that is about ½ or ¾ peat moss or coir (coconut fiber) and ¼ to ½ perlite or other material for drainage. Some greenhouses put a pinch of milled sphag-num moss on the top of the soil just for seedlings.

The type of containers you use isn’t as important as the soil. If you are reusing old pots or seedling trays (and why wouldn’t you?) make sure that they are clean and disease free by sterilizing them in a solu-tion of 1 part bleach to 9 parts water for 10 minutes. Rinse and let them dry completely before using them.

Most seedlings are fine to start in small containers, but some plants don’t transplant well. Squash, melons, and cucumbers are vegetables

that don’t like having their roots dis-turbed. Flowers like poppies, nas-turtiums and zinnias are the same. There are even herbs that don’t like to be moved; these include dill, fennel and chervil. Check the seed package for more informa-tion.

Seedlings that don’t want to be moved can be started in larger con-tainers, so you only have to transplant them once, when you put them in the garden. Peat pellets are an alternative to larger pots, but these tend to dry out, so keep an eye on them.

Have you grown seedlings that turned out spindly or leggy? If so, you’re not alone. Inadequate light is one of the most common prob-lems seed growers have. You can use a sunny, south facing window, but non-gardening family members don’t always understand why we need to rearrange all our furniture to make more room for seeds. If this is true in your house, you might consider buying some fluores-cent lights.

You can spend a lot of money on halogen lights, or full-spectrum bulbs and these do improve the quality of your plants. However, if you are just growing annuals to plant outside, standard fluorescents will do the job at a much lower cost. The trick with these is to keep the seedlings close to the light. The top of the plants should be 2-4” away, which may mean raising the lights every week or two, to keep them from burning leaves.

Most seeds prefer temperatures in the 70-75 degree range. Check your seed packet to verify if this is true of your seeds. Check the temperature where you plan to grow, it’s often just right about 4-6” away from fluorescent lights, what a wonderful coincidence! If you are growing in a window with cold drafts, you might need a heat mat to keep plants warm. There are a variety of these available locally and online.

Watering your seeds is the easiest part, or is it? You need to keep the soil moist, but not soggy. Too much water and your plants will rot. Not enough wa-ter and seedlings will die very quickly, so check them daily. If possible, water plants from the bottom of the pot rather than the top. This prevents a crusty layer from forming at the soil surface, as well as reducing chances of disease.

Timing is essential in growing from seed. If you start plants too early, they will be tall and floppy when

Starting Seeds - Easy as ABCBy Tim Kohlhauff


Seed

When to start for planting

out

When to set out (# of weeks before or

after

Optimum temp for

ger.Days to emerge

Ideal temp to grow

Suggested container size Notes

Broccoli Brussels Sprouts

5-8 weeks4 weeks before

70-75°F 10-15 60 2” sq. potsKeep cool to get sturdy plants, but don’t let tem-perature go below 40°F.

Cabbage 5-8 weeks5 weeks before


Cucumbers 2-3 weeks1-2 weeks

after75°F 3-8 70 2” sq. pots

Sensitive to transplanting. Trim off extra plants - don’t pull.

Eggplant 6-8 weeks2-3 weeks

after70°F 5-13 75 2” sq. pots

Sensitive to cold. Harden off carefully.

Kohlrabi 5-8 weeks5 weeks before


Leeks

Onions8-10 weeks

6 weeks before

70°F 7-14 60Seeds ¼” apart, rows

1” apart

Keep cool for sturdy plants. When 4” tall, cut with scis-sors to 2”.

Lettuce 5-7 weeks2 weeks before

65-70°F 3-6 60 1½” sq. potsKeep cool for sturdy plants. Lettuce is sensitive to transplanting.

Muskmelon

Watermelon2-3 weeks

2-3 weeks after

75°F 3-8 75 2” sq. potsSensitive to transplanting. Trim off extra plants - don’t pull.

Parsley 4-6 weeks4-6 weeks

after70-75°F 12-17 60 1” apart in flat

Soak seeds overnight to speed germination.

Peppers 6-8 weeks2-3 weeks

after75-80°F 8-13 70 2” sq. pots

Sensitive to cold. Harden off carefully.

Pumpkins and Squash

2-3 weeks1-3 weeks

after70-75°F 6-10 70 2” sq. pots

Sensitive to cold. Harden off carefully. Cut off extra plants.

Tomatoes 6-10 weeks2-3 weeks

after70-75°F 6-14 70 3” sq. pots

Likes warm days, 70-75°F.

Cooler nights, 60-65°F.

Tim Kohlhauff Urban Horticulture Coordinator WSU/Spokane County Extension [email protected]

it’s time to take them outside. If you start too late, then they may not be large enough to survive transplanting. Pick the date you want to plant them outside and then count back the number of weeks that the seed package indicates. Average last frost near Spokane is about May 15th, but in outlying areas, it’s closer to June 1st. Keep in mind these are average dates, which means some years we’ll have a frost later. We’ve included some common seed starting dates in the table below. Cold

weather vegetables like leeks, broccoli and cabbage are started in February. u


Livestock & Land versus Mud & ManureBy Jim Armstrong

If you run livestock on your land, manure is just part of doing business. Depending on how that manure is managed, handled and stored, it can be a valuable resource or a ma-

jor problem. As a resource, manure is the gardener’s dream fertilizer, rich in nutrients and organic matter. Manure spread at the ap-propriate agronomic rates can enrich pastures and eliminate the need for chemical fertilizers. But when manure meets mud, especially dur-ing the wet seasons in heavy use areas (HUA’s) as in confined feeding paddocks, the potential for severe erosion and runoff of nutrients into streams grows exponentially. Once the ma-nure reaches waterways, the ensuing environ-mental damage may often occur several miles downstream, with the landowner being totally unaware of the consequences.

Okay, so now we know there is a potential for environmental damage from manure that is allowed to seep into creeks and streams. But what can be done to eliminate the prob-lem and still maintain livestock on your land? Fortunately, there are viable solutions to the problem of having an accumulation of manure with a potential to pollute. The Spokane Con-servation District introduced a new program in 2012, designed to assist landowners with the proper handling and management of livestock and the subsequent manure, turning a problem into a valuable resource. After undertaking a comprehensive livestock inventory in Spokane County, we found hundreds of horse opera-tions, usually with several animals each, along with mules, donkeys, cows, sheep, goats, lla-

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mas, alpacas, chickens, turkeys, geese, and even a few camels and zebras. Large, com-mercial livestock operations were not includ-ed, but rather the smaller acreages, usually with less than 30 animals were inventoried. Those several thousand animals we found generate thousands of tons of manure each year. During the summer when most of the animals are out in pastures, the manure is vir-tually invisible and not much of an issue. But during the winter months when the animals are confined, the manure quickly accumu-lates in smaller areas and can become a real problem.

The purpose of the Livestock and Land Program is to assist livestock property own-ers and boarding facilities with implementing Best Management Practices (BMP’s) that im-prove animal health and safety while protect-ing the land. Our staff will provide free site assessments and consultations for livestock owners and frequently have cost-share funds available treatments. Typical improvements are construction of manure composting fa-cilities where manure can be easily stored and managed. Many barns and animal sheds lack rain gutters which would direct storm water away from paddocks and manure hold-ing areas. Many paddocks lack appropriate drainage with the heavy use areas turned into muddy, mucky messes during the winter, creating health and safety hazards for the ani-mals and a high potential for pollution. Each site will have its own unique challenges with any number of solutions available. Contact the Spokane Conservation District for your own on-site assessment and consultation. While the animals are confined in winter high use areas is a perfect time to make an as-sessment on how to maximize the efficiency of your livestock operation and manure han-dling system.

The Spokane Conservation District is a non-regulatory sub-division of State Govern-ment, providing assistance to landowners on a voluntary basis. u

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cutting, welding and brazing in a rugged molded plastic carrying case. The outfit is designed to carry

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Bend 541-389-2033Boise 208-376-0377Coeur d’Alene 208-765-3311Colville 509-684-3776Ellensburg 509-925-1518Hermiston 541-567-7377

La Grande 541-963-2890Lewiston 208-743-6571Moses Lake 509-765-9247Nampa 208-442-8910Okanogan 509-826-3205Pasco 509-547-2494

Sandpoint 208-263-1016Spokane 509-535-7794Sunnyside 509-837-6212Walla Walla 509-529-3060Wenatchee 509-662-8417Yakima 509-248-0827

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Chicken & DumplingsBy Ashley LewanHearty chicken and dumplings will stick to your ribs in a good way. Enjoy this piping hot entrée while warming your feet by the fire.Ingredients

3 tablespoons butter• 1 onion, roughly chopped• 6 medium carrots, roughly chopped• ¾ teaspoon dried thyme• 1-1/2 cups all-purpose flour• 1 can (14.5 ounces) chicken broth• Salt and pepper to taste• 1-1/2 pounds boneless, skinless chicken • breast or thighs cut into 2-inch pieces2-3/4 teaspoons baking powder• ¾ cup milk (plus additional tablespoons if • dough too sticky)5 ounces of frozen peas• 5 ounces of frozen corn•

DirectionsIn a heavy pot, heat butter over medium heat. Add onion, carrots and thyme. Cover & cook, stirring occasionally until onion is soft.Add ¼ cup of flour and cook, stirring for about 30 seconds. Add broth and bring to a boil, stirring consistently. Add salt and pep-per. Place chicken in the pot and reduce heat to medium-low. Cover pot and cook for about 20 minutes, stirring occasionally.In a bowl, whisk the remaining flour, baking powder and salt to taste. Gradually add in the milk until you make a moist batter. Stir in peas and corn then drop the dumpling batter on the top of your chicken and veg-etables. You should have about 15 heaping spoonfuls. Keep them spaced apart. Cover and simmer until the chicken is tender and the dumplings are firm- about 20 minutes.

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FARM SERVICE AGENCY, USDA www.fsa.usda.gov 509-323-3000

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE www.nifa.usda.gov

NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, USDA www.nrcs.usda.gov 509-924-7350

NRCS, USDA WA STATE OFFICE www.wa.nrcs.usda.gov 509-323-2900

RURAL DEVELOPMENT, USDA www.rurdev.usda.gov [email protected] 509-663-4019

US FOREST SERVICE www.fs.fed.us

WA STATE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE www.agr.wa.gov 360-902-1800

WA STATE DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY www.ecy.wa.gov/ 509-329-3400

WA STATE DEPARTMENT OF FISH & WILDLIFE www.wdfw.wa.gov/ [email protected] 509-892-1001

WA STATE DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES www.dnr.wa.gov [email protected] 360-902-1000

WA STATE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION www.wsdot.wa.gov/environment/default.htm [email protected] 360-705-7372

ADAMS CONSERVATION DISTRICT www.adamscd.org [email protected] 509-659-1553

T he Spokane Conservation District has compiled a list of agencies and organizations

in the region that can provide information and technical assistance on a wide variety of environmental and natural resource issues, especially as they relate to living in the country. This directory is just a partial list of resources that could be available to you. There are virtually unlimited information resources that can be found on websites around the world. The ones listed here however, are local governmental entities that can provide not only information on

Inland Northwest Conservation Resource Guidenatural resource and environmental issues, but some can also provide on-site technical assistance. From production agriculture to nuisance wildlife and everything in between, this resource guide will help you find the information or assistance you need. There will be multiple listings for a particular issue and probably multiple issues addressed by several entities. Most of the listed agencies are sources of information and are in some way regulatory. All conservation districts are non-regulatory and provide on-site technical assistance as well as information. Extension

offices are also non-regulatory. This month, the guide will focus on government agencies, and Extension offices. Subsequent issues will feature NGO’s (non-governmental organizations) and private industry. The phone numbers, email addresses and websites have all been checked and are valid. If, while looking through the directory, you don’t find any listing for a particular issue you have on your property, please contact the Spokane Conservation District. If we don’t know the answer or can’t provide that particular service, we promise to put you in touch with someone who can.

FERRY COUNTY CONSERVATION DISTRICT [email protected] 509-775-3473

LINCOLN COUNTY CONSERVATION DISTRICT www.lincolncd.com/ [email protected] 509-725-4181, ext 3

PEND OREILLE COUNTY CONSERVATION DISTRICT www.pocd.org/wordpress/ [email protected] 509-447-5370

SPOKANE COUNTY CONSERVATION DISTRICT www.sccd.org [email protected] 509-535-7274

STEVENS COUNTY CONSERVATION DISTRICT www.co.stevens.wa.us/cons_district/default.htm [email protected] 509-685-0937, ext 3


WATER RESOURCES Stream bank & riparian restoration Water quality Livestock and land Off site watering Riparian fencing Wetlands Manure spreader rental Permitting assistanceCost-share programs

SOILS Testing lab On-site assistanceSoil survey and analysis

FERRY COUNTY NOXIOUS WEED BOARD www.ferry-county.com/Other_Depts/Weed.asp [email protected] 509-775-5225, ext 1111

PEND OREILLE COUNTY NOXIOUS WEED BOARD www.pendoreilleco.org/county/weed.asp [email protected] 509-447-2402

SPOKANE COUNTY NOXIOUS WEED BOARD www.spokanecounty.org/WeedBoard/ content.aspx?c=1443 [email protected] 509-477-5777

STEVENS COUNTY NOXIOUS WEED BOARD www.co.stevens.wa.us/weedboard/ [email protected] 509-684-7590

WSU ADAMS COUNTY EXTENSION www.lincoln-adams.wsu.edu/ [email protected] 509-659-3209

WSU FERRY COUNTY EXTENSION www.county.wsu.edu/ferry [email protected] 509-775-5225, ext 1116

WSU LINCOLN COUNTY EXTENSION www.lincoln-adams.wsu.edu/ [email protected] 509-725-4171

WSU PEND OREILLE COUNTY EXTENSION www.pendoreille.wsu.edu/ [email protected] 509-447-2401

WSU SPOKANE COUNTY EXTENSION www.spokane-county.wsu.edu/ 509-477-2048

WSU STEVENS COUNTY EXTENSION www.county.wsu.edu [email protected] 509-684-2588

FORESTRYAnnual tree and shrub sale Urban and rural forestry Fire prevention assessments Avista shade tree program Technical assistance Wildlife habitat

ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATIONK-12 in classroom presentations

of Wheat WeekWater on Wheels Trout in the ClassroomLots of resources for teachers

PRODUCTION AGRICULTUREDirect Seed Loan ProgramSoil erosion preventionTechnical assistanceCross Slot no-till drill rentalFarm toursNo-till mentor programsCost-share

SMALL FARM PROGRAMTechnical assistanceMarketingCommunity gardensPasture managementWorkshopsLivestock management

Toxic Waste, Pesticides

Pest Management

Forestry, Fire Prevention

Noxious Weeds

Livestock

ISSUES

Water, Shores, Wetlands

Wildlife

Small Farms

Production Ag

Pasture Management

Soil Erosion

Spokane Conservation District 210 N Havana, Spokane, WA 509 535 7274

[email protected] www.sccd.org


LOVELY home on gorgeous setting! Open & spacious living, dining & kitchen. Cozy fireplace, nice big master & full basement with lots of room and second fireplace. Attached carport as well as big shop/ garage with wood stove, loft and 3/4 bath. Wildlife just strolls through this property. Call today for a showing before it's gone! MLS# 201220038

WOW what a lovely home & lovely setting! Enjoy this open &spacious living-room, dining & kitchen! Cozy fireplace, huge kitchenw/lots of cabinets, counters & island! Formal or casual dining. Nicebig master has lots of closet space & also spacious bath. Fullbasement has lots of room, your choice - bedrooms/office/crafts - plusnice family area w/fireplace, bonus area, laundry & storage galore!Attached carport as well as BIG shop/garage w/opener, wood stove,loft & 3/4 bath! This setting is beautiful - the wildlife just strollsthrough! Come see this beautiful home! Call Tammy Mason509-922-7807 with questions.

8807 N Ormond Ct, Newman Lake, WA 99025

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Fantastic Newman Lake Home2.49 Acres, 4 Bedrooms, 3 Baths $314,000

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Cozy Crochet CraftBy Ashley Lewan

Stitch Glossary:

ch- chainsc- single crochetdc- double crochetsl st- slip stitchrep- repeat

With icy winds and cold snaps, some-times it’s painful to brave the elements

and enjoy the winter season. This crochet pattern for an ear warming headband can be finished in no time and will produce a stylish fashion accessory that can be worn skiing, sledding or just to go outside and shovel your driveway. This pattern is easy enough for beginners. Using a simple single and double crochet stitch, curl up by the fire to relax and make this easy winter craft. You can give them as quick gifts or just make a stockpile for yourself in every color combination imag-inable!

Materials

1 skein worsted wool yarn (any color)

About 30” of colored yarn to wrap

3.5mm crochet hook

Directions

ch 15 (you can ch more or less depend-ing on the width of the headband. If mak-ing for a child, you will probably want to do around 10)

Row 1- sc in second ch from hook, dc in next stitch, sc in next stitch, rep across, turn

Row 2- ch 1 sc in same stitch, dc in next stitch, rep across, turn


Rep until you reached desired length. I complete 30 rows because I like things a little looser, but you can adjust for head size.sl st together, fasten off and weave in ends

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Turn the headband so the sl st are facing inside

Take your accent colored yarn (or same color, if you prefer) and tie around the sl st to create a “bow” effect

Cinch tightly then cut and weave in ends

Flip right side out and pop it on!

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