braced barrel vaults
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
1/26
BRACED BARREL VAULTS&
BRACED DOME
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
2/26
•A barrel vault, also known as a tunnel vault or a wagon vault,
is an ar!itetural ele"ent #or"e$ b% t!e etrusion o# a single urve'or (air o# urves, in t!e ase o# a (ointe$ barrel vault) along a given $istan
• T!e urves are t%(iall% irular in s!a(e, len$ing a se"i+%lin$rial
a((earane to t!e total $esign*
•
T!e barrel vault is t!e si"(lest #or" o# a vault e-etivel% a series o# ar!es(lae$ si$e b% si$e, i*e*, one a#ter anot!er*
•.t is a #or" o# barrel roo#*
•Barrel vaults are known #ro" Anient Eg%(t, an$ were use$ etensivel%
in Ro"an ar!iteture*•Earl% barrel vault $esigns was an i"(ortant ele"ent o# stone onstrution i
tower !ouses an$ ot!er strutures* T!is #or" o# $esign is observe$ in
ellars, r%(ts, long !allwa%s, loisters an$ even great !alls*
BARREL VAULTS
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
3/26
Brae$ barrel vaults•/ave a si"ilar s!a(e to rein#ore$ onrete s!ell
•But it is obtaine$ b% 0ar!ing0 a gri$ along one$iretion*• T!e result is** a %lin$rial #or" t!at "a% involve one,two or "ore la%ers o# ele"ents• T!e gri$ are atuall% an asse"bl% o# bars known as
lamellas• T!ese lamellas an be arrange$ to #ollow eatl% t!elines o# "ai"u" stresses•.n (ratie several t%(es o# braing are use$, ea! o#w!i! results in a $i-erent t%(e o# strutural be!avior*
T%(es o# barrel vaults1* 1) Single la%er2* 2) Double la%er4* 4) Co"(oun$ barrel vaults
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
4/26
single la%er barrel vault t!at is obtaine$ b% ar!inga $iagonal 5at gri$* A barrel vault wit! a $iagonal(attern is o#ten re#erre$ to as a 0la"ella barrelvault0*
si"ilar to t!e one but t!is t%(e got t!ree+wa%(attern*
$ouble la%er barrel vault wit! bot! t!e to( an$botto" la%ers !aving a two+wa% (attern*
La"ella '$iagonal) barrel vaults
T!ree wa% barrel vaults
Two wa% on two wa% $ouble la%er barrelvaults
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
5/26
barrel vault !as a to( la%er an$ a botto" la%erwit! interonneting web ele"ents* /owever, int!is ase t!e $is(osition o# t!e ele"ents resultsin a 0truss barrel vault0* T!at is, a barrel vaultt!at onsists o# interseting urve$ trusses
T!e sur#ae o# t!e la"ella barrel vault is a (arto# a !%(erboloi$ o# revolution*
T!e sur#ae o# t!e barrel vault is a (art o# anelli(soi$ o# revolution*
La"ella '$iagonal) truss barrel vaults
/%(erboloi$al la"ella barrel vaults
Elli(soi$al la"ella barrel vaults
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
6/26
A o"(oun$ barrel vault onsists o# two or"ore barrel vaults t!at are onnete$toget!er along t!eir si$es*
Co"(oun$ t!ree+wa% barrel vaults
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
7/26
T!e Lamella s%ste" is a urve$ gri$ s%ste" t!at utili6es a largenu"ber o# i$ential "e"bers alle$ la"ellas*
T!ere are two t%(es o# "aterial (ossible #or barrel vaults1) Ti"ber2) Steel an$ Alu"inu"
Ti"ber Brae$ Barrel Vaults
T!e gri$ is arrange$ in a $ia"on$ orr!o"bus (attern, an$ one "e"ber isontinuous t!roug! ea! 7oint* Ea!la"ella is twie t!e lengt! o# t!e si$e o#t!e $ia"on$* T!ese are 7oine$ b% a single
bolt*
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
8/26
8igure s!ows ti"ber la"ellaonstrution w!ere t!e la"ellasare 7oine$ wit! bolte$onnetion* T!e en$s o# t!e two
o((osite la"ellas butt on to t!eontinuous la"ellas at t!e 7oint,being slig!tl% staggere$ to(er"it t!e 9ing bolt to (asst!roug! t!e entral !ole an$ (iku( t!e en$s o# t!e la"ellas*
Deking or (urlins are use$ totriangulate t!e $ia"on$ to "ake t!e
struture "ore stable in t!e (lane o#t!e sur#ae* A "o$i9e$ #or" 'alsos!own) !as a "ore o"(liate$ 7ointinvolving steel (lates but w!i!(reserves t!e visual ontinuit% o# t!eribs*
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
9/26
STEEL A:D ALUM.:.UM BRACED BARREL VAULTS
•Brae$ barrel vaults are onstrute$ in "etals on t!e lines $esribe$#or ot!er gri$ s%ste"s*
• T!e "et!o$s #or overing are si"ilar as #or lattie (lates*
•Steel an$ alu"iniu" la"ella onstrution an also be use$;inor(orating ol$ #or"e$ or etru$e$ setions #or t!e la"ellas*
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
10/26
ADVA:TAero ben$ing "o"ent sine t!e loation o# strutural o"(onents
reeive$ eit!er $iret tension or $iret o"(ression*
• Allows large buil$ing s(an, w!i! is s(aiousness
•An interesting ar!iteture #eatures an$ be able to at as sk%lig!t
• T!e struture is ver% stable* .t oul$ stan$+alone eit!er on groun$ or to
be (lae$ on (osts 'i# t!e s(ae nee$e$ is large)
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
11/26
D.SADVA:TA
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
12/26
The mid-1950s terminal was designed by the firm of Hellmuth, Yamasaki and
Leinweber. inoru Yamasaki !191"-19#$% was res&onsible for its design. 'hen(om&leted, his building was hailed as a mar)el. *t was, indeed, the first air&ort
building to make a formal statement about a)iation and aerodynami(s. +)er the
years, it has been added onto with mied results, but in s&ite of )arious im&ro)ements
and mistreatments, the original building and the essen(e of Yamasakis )ision for it
stand &roudly. +riginally (om&osed of three )aults, an identi(al fourth was added in
19$5.
LAMBERT 8.ELD 'LAMBERT A.R?ORT)
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
13/26
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
14/26
C/E::A. RA.L@A STAT.O:
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
15/26
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
16/26
•Typical example of a synclastic surface in which the
curvature of any point is of the same sign in all direction.
•The synclastic surfaces are also called surfaces of positiveGaussian curvature and are not developable, i.e. the domicsurfaces cannot be attened into a plane without stretchingor shrinking it.
•This property is one of the reasons why domes cannot bebuilt from members of the same length even geodesic domesre!uire members of di"erent lengths.
BRACED DOME
?R.:C.?LE T?ES
•Ribbe$ $o"es•S!we$ler $o"es•La"ella $o"es• T!ree+wa% $o"es
•
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
17/26
• #onsist of a number ofidentical radial trussed orsolid ribs, interconnectedat the crown and usuallysti"ened by a tension ring
at the foundation.
• $or ribbed domes whichmaking up of timber canspan for over %&m and iscovered with wood woolslabs • 'maller, lighter ribbeddomes may be constructedwith laminated ribs
covered with plywood or
R.BBED DOMES
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
18/26
• consists of meridional ribsconnected together to a
number of hori)ontalpolygonal rings.
• To sti"en the resultingstructure so that it will beable to take asymmetric
loads, each trape)iumformed by intersectingmeridional ribs withhori)ontal rings issubdivided into twotriangles by the introduction
of a diagonal member.
• 'chwedler*type steeldomes used to cover largecolumn* free areas. Thecircular shape leads to veryeconomic structure. +adial
SC/@EDLER DOMES
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
19/26
• #onsists of a large number ofsimilar units, called lamellas,
arranged in a diamond or rhombuspattern.
• +oof covering or purlins used totriangulate the diamond completesthe stability re!uirement of the
surface of the dome.
• n timber lamella domes, the -ointsare simply made with bolts andplates
• xceptionally good behaviourunder excessive wind loadings , aswell as in /re and seismicdisturbances.
•producing typical diamond or
lo)enge shaped pattern as for bracedbarrel vaults
LAMELLA DOMES
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
20/26
T/REE+@A DOMES
• $ormed by an inter*connecting grid of parabolic orcircular arches.
• 0s the rise of the arches isgenerally !uite small in
relation to the span, griddomes are shallow domes andare also sometimes referred toas 1'pace Grids2.
• The feet of the dome may be
either pinned or /xed.
• 3inned feet are generallypreferred as they simplify theanalysis considerably.
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
21/26
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
22/26
T63' 7$ 80T+0L'
•Timber 9ome
•'teel 9ome
•0luminium 9ome
•0luminium 9ome :Triodetic 9ome
• Ti"ber an (ro$ue a ver% eientan$ low+ost overing*
•@oo$en $o"es are ver% (o(ular ins!ool onstrution*
• T!e ost (rove$ to be ver%o"(etitive*
•Ma% be onstrute$ using la"ellaonstrution or triangulate$ sti-ene$
(l% or #ra"e$ (anels si"ilar to t!oseuse$ #or ti"ber #ol$e$ slab
T8;+ 978
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
23/26
• Tubular steel gri$ $o"es "a% beonstrute$ wit! no$e onnetors
into w!i! t!e tubes are inserte$an$ wel$e$, si"ilar to t!ose use$#or $ouble la%er gri$s but using si+wa% instea$ o# eig!t wa% onnetorsto #or" a t!ree wa% gri$*
'TL 978
0L
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
24/26
+#>'T0G 978
+eichstag dome is a glass $o"e, onstrute$ on to( o# t!e rebuiltRei!stag buil$ing in Berlin* .t was $esigne$ b% ar!itet :or"an 8oster
an$ built to s%"boli6e t!e reuni9ation o#
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
25/26
-
8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults
26/26
T>0=? 67