brain amplifier for holistic knowledge management using new generation of ai dr. eunika...

Brain Amplifier for Holistic Brain Amplifier for Holistic Knowledge Management using New Knowledge Management using New

Generation of AIGeneration of AI

Dr. Eunika MERCIER-LAURENTVP AFIA

MODEME UMR 5055- Research Center IAE Université Lyon 3, France

ECCAI ASTI

ICAI'06 Eunika Mercier-Laurent 2

•~3000BC first known expert system•13th C Ramón Lull invented the Zairja, the first device that systematically tried to generate ideas by mechanical means•17th first computer Pascal and Leibnitz•1921 robot (Karel Capek)•1945 ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator•1945 – 1956 cybernetics, neural nets – learning (Hoebbs)•1950 Turing test to measure machine intelligence•1956 Logic theorist first AI pg A. Newell, H. Simon and JC Shaw•1956 AI was born, the founders was supposed to understand human intelligence and ready to put it into machine•Checkers-playing pg, GPS, NL (Chomsky), perceptron, Dendral, automatic translation…•1970 machine learning, Prolog•1975 XCON first commercial expert system, speech recognition•1980 first commercial tools, beginning of industrial expert systems, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms• 1985 constraint programming•1990 CBR, conceptual knowledge modeling, ontology…

AI was born from dreams It is still what we need to innovate

More on http://www.crl.ucsd.edu/~elman/Courses/cog202/Papers/ai-history.html and on http://emlkmi.free.fr/tiki-index.php?page=HistoireIa


AI in France

– Prof. Jacques Pitrat, Paris 6– Natural language processing: Prolog Marseille 1970,

automatic translation, NL interface to DB– INRIA NL fuzzy information retrieval from DB (80)

workstation for collaborative work with AI inside (81)– Groupe Bull :

• Research Center 1981 (NL to DB, KOOL, Prolog)• ECRC 1984 (constraint prog, Prolog machine,

deductive DB• CEDIAG 1985 : KOOL, Charme, KADS, EDEN,

applications• Global approach (91), Organizational Memory,

ontology 1994– ECCAI 82, AFIA 89, IJCAI 93,141 research teams, 37 AI

comp Ilog, Cosytec, Kaidara…– Conferences RFIA (since1980) & Plate-forme (since

1999) including applications– AI in national and European Programs


CEDIAG main applications

ALPIN Expert system for Medical insurance with natural language module for automatic processing of medical reports;

NOEMIE Configuration system for Bull computers

Diagnosis and help desk for customer support,

KRONES configuration support system and diagnosis for bottle-washing engines

Danish Customs’ decision support system for interpretation of ECC regulations. A similar system was later developed for Argentina Customs.

ARAMIS-GM French national Guards Missions planning system (resource allocation, crisis situation management). The first hybrid system was composed of database natural language retrieval, expert system and constraint programming techniques.

RAMSES Security of the Winter Olympic games Albertville 1992, in which we have reused our experience from ARAMIS-GM development.

SACHEM, decision support system for blast furnaces, the largest European AI application for Sollac (Groupe Arcelor).

Knowledge acquisition from telemetric data for Formule1 racing cars, reusing prior experience.

Computer network diagnosis,

Optimized keys designing,

Scheduling, time-tables for colleges, universities and engineering schools,

Planning and resources allocation for orange picking and optimizing juice production….


What we learnt ?

Knowledge is relative to human

Human is complex

Human have to deal with complex systems


Context of AI since 1996

• Name : AI or computational intelligence ? • AI promised to much ?• AI inside is not AI ?Decision support systems for technical and

medical diagnosis, help desk, maintenance, scheduling, optimization, risk analysis, process control, traffic control

design, advisory systems, software..

Solutions are mainly software, we can do better


Opportunity for AI

• Internet : Information overload, lot of data e-services, e-business, e-learning, e-government, m-ware,

content design and search …without AI,

• Knowledge Management is about Knowledge ! (k transfert, sharing, finding, learning, innovation)

lack of feedback from AI applications and ..reinventing the wheel

• Mondialization : complex problem to solve, cultures, access to collective K, RT translation

ICT : What is missing ? IAI = different thinking


AI TodayAI Today

Integration of existing techniques (but nothing really new since 20 years)– Knowledge Discovery from multimedia documents– Semantic web (ontology, NLP, MAS, ANN)– Collective intelligence for MAS – Artificial life (understanding brain is to difficult ?)– Hybrid solutions (soft) for complex problems (text

mining, automatic indexing and retrieval..)– Intuitive HMI – Computer graphics, VR, immersion, simulation– Co-design

Classic and AI


New generation of AI (symbolic and robotics)


Future of AI Future of AI

Welcome to my dreams


Some inspirationsSome inspirations

C3PO and R2D2 from Star Wars

• Leonardo da Vinci, Jules Verne, Isaac Asimow, Lew Bobrow, Stanislaw Lem…

• AI, Minority report, Star Wars

• More human robot ? Johny 5 from Short Circuit

• More powerful human ? Extension of biological capability as Jake Foley…


Five Generations of Management StylesFive Generations of Management StylesAdapted from Innovation Strategy for The Knowledge Economy Debra M. Amidon 1997 BH Adapted from Innovation Strategy for The Knowledge Economy Debra M. Amidon 1997 BH

1st Technologyas the Asset

2nd Projectas the Asset

3rd Enterpriseas the Asset

4th Customeras the Asset

5th Knowledgeas the Asset

CoreStrategyCore

Strategy

ChangeFactors

ChangeFactors

PerformancePerformance

StructureStructure

PeoplePeople

• R&D in Isolation• R&D in Isolation

• UnpredictableSerendipity

• UnpredictableSerendipity

• R&D asOverhead

• R&D asOverhead

• Hierarchical;Functionally-Driven

• Hierarchical;Functionally-Driven

• We/TheyCompetition

• We/TheyCompetition

• Link toBusiness

• Link toBusiness

• Inter-dependence

• Inter-dependence

• Cost-Sharing• Cost-Sharing

• Matrix• Matrix

• ProactiveCooperation

• ProactiveCooperation

• Technology/BusinessIntegration

• Technology/BusinessIntegration

• Systematic R&DManagement

• Systematic R&DManagement

• BalancingRisk/Reward

• BalancingRisk/Reward

• DistributedCoordination

• DistributedCoordination

• StructuredCollaboration

• StructuredCollaboration

• IntegrationWith CustomerR&D

• IntegrationWith CustomerR&D

• AcceleratedDiscontinuousGlobal Change

• AcceleratedDiscontinuousGlobal Change

• ‘ProductivityParadox’

• ‘ProductivityParadox’

• Multi-Dimensional‘Communities ofPractice’

• Multi-Dimensional‘Communities ofPractice’

• Focus onValues andCapability

• Focus onValues andCapability

• CollaborativeInnovationSystem

• CollaborativeInnovationSystem

• KaleidoscopicDynamics

• KaleidoscopicDynamics

• IntellectualCapacity/Impact

• IntellectualCapacity/Impact

• SymbioticNetworks

• SymbioticNetworks

• KnowledgeCultivators

• KnowledgeCultivators

ProcessProcess

TechnologyTechnology

• MinimalCommunication

• MinimalCommunication

• Embryonic• Embryonic

• Project-to-Project Basis

• Project-to-Project Basis

• Data-Based• Data-Based

• PurposefulR&D/Portfolio

• PurposefulR&D/Portfolio

• Information-Based

• Information-Based

• Feedback Loopsand ‘informationpersistence’

• Feedback Loopsand ‘informationpersistence’

• IT as aCompetitiveWeapon

• IT as aCompetitiveWeapon

• Cross-BoundaryLearning andKnowledge Flow

• Cross-BoundaryLearning andKnowledge Flow

• IntelligentKnowledgeProcessors

• IntelligentKnowledgeProcessors

Customer Retention Customer Satisfaction Customer Success


Technology replaced person-to-person interactions with person-to-machine…

Technology requires the synergy of individuals, machines and social organizations and depends profoundly both on an understanding of nature - on science - and on the capability to design.

Virtually every human activity - agriculture, commerce, education, health care, warfare, industry and more - depends directly or indirectly on our interactions as individuals with society and machines.

George Bugliarello


My vision

In my vision, connected human knowledge cultivators work in perfect synergy with the artificial knowledge processors.

They learn from each other. Computers help people by performing the tasks

difficult or impossible for human to do…in the world where the biological, social and

machine components are well balanced, are sustainable indefinitely without destroying the environment, and enhance the human condition.


Aibo

Electrolux Automower

Spirit

What kind of machines ?


Problems & Needs (market)

Dreams

Products and services

methods techniques solutions

Power of (imagination & intelligence))

Innovate for what ?


Needs – Safety of persons and systems (cryptography, identity management,

intrusion detection, security at home, security of Information Systems)– Health, k of our body and k about how to care it, human « spare parts » – Sustainability

• Agriculture (ancestral knowledge rediscovering instead of inventing new pesticides and artificial fertilizers) RICH

– Intelligent services on line FAQ…– social (loneliness, handicapped, unemployed), – H & C Learning (3W access to K), interactive, with RV, collaborative

learning by playing…– Imagination training, interactive games, influence on (bad) comportment ?– Intelligent car– intelligent house ? management of vital functions, recognition of visitors,

spare of water and energy, household appliances, equipment for handicaps..

Problems and needs

Today problems are complex challenge : find balanced solution


Holistic Knowledge Management

An integrated system of initiatives, methods and tools designed to create the optimal flow of knowledge within and throughout an extended enterprise to ensure stakeholders success

Debra M. AMIDON ENTOVATION International

Eunika MERCIER-LAURENT

3D of KM : Technology, Economy, Social/Culture


Holistic Perspective

EnterpriseEnterprise

GroupsGroups

55

44

33

22

11

SocietySociety

Nations/Nations/RegionsRegions

IndividualIndividual

Multi-Lateral Agencies,International SocietalOrganizations

Countries, Consortia,Regional Entities

Companies, Universities,Government Agencies

Functions, Teams, AssociationsDisciplines, SIG’s,Community of Practice

Employees, Suppliers,Customers, Stakeholders,Alliance, Partners


3 levels of needs

• Individual – machine as an amplifier of human capacity and intelligence

• Organizational • Society


Individual level

• Intelligent assistant able to • Find relevant information and knowledge on

demand and push• Understand documents/emails, make un abstract• Manage my documents, files, emails using my

logic • NL dialog and capability of RT translation• Optimize tasks (travel, shopping, event..)• access and intelligent navigation in the world

knowledge bases (scientific, music, sport,)• Recognize visitors, automatic vacuum cleaner,

advice…• Tell me a joke when I am sad..


Entreprise/Organizational level

The same capacity as for individual +• Effective management of innovation process Computers are considered as a source of K

• Sharing the learned knowledge relevant to a given point-of-view with relevant people

• Effective management of intellectual capital, “who knows what, who needs to know what, and how to learn what is needed”

• Support for “business intelligence”: finding and checking relevant information


Entreprise/Organizational level

• Patent browsing for similarity determination• Automated tools for pattern discovery and

knowledge acquisition both at the individual and collective levels

• Tool for building collective experience of the company

• Decision support for all professionals : diagnostic, configuration, problem solving, process control…

• Management of global security


Society

• Intelligent e-services (administration, tourism, RT education, call centers…)

• Intelligent connections between enterprises, university and investors 3P

• Entertainment closer to the life (intelligent games, travel guides and tips, VR visit of monuments with interaction (touch, smell…)

• Intelligent banking services• Bank of knowledge and experience (health…)• Services for older people• Health services


Challenges for AI

• Better understanding of our brain capacity• Better use of computer capacity (K thinking

approach)• More collective, multi-domain and multi-

cultural intelligence (1+1=11) instead of competition

• Intuitive software• HM natural communication• RT translation


Challenges for AIChallenges for AI

• The Convergence of bio- info- and nano-techniques (human spare parts) ?

• Extension of biological capabilities ?• Global Innovation Support Systems• New ways for communication • Better conservation and use of past

knowledge and experience• Contribution to the Sustainable

Knowledge Society• More of fun

Share our dreams, lets work our Share our dreams, lets work our imaginationimagination

and andInnovate our future together…Innovate our future together…

谢谢！

brain amplifier for holistic knowledge management using new generation of ai dr. eunika...

Documents

commercial expert system

applications ai

hybrid system

similar system

ontology ai

system resource allocation

prolog machine

ai comp ilog