Brain frequencies and schemetics

"Tuning the Mind"Full Spectrum ELF's

The operational bandwidth of the human brain, as determined by clinical EEG monitoring, is about 0.5 to 30 cycles per second (Hz). Above this lies the lesser explored Gamma region. At any given time, one frequency will be dominant. By convention this spectrum is divided into four categories, as represented below; each with its own set of psyhcological attributes. As one might suspect, faster rates are arousing and extroverting, while slower ones are relaxing and introverting.

These signals derive from a complex system of internal and external transactions that comprise an experiential feedback loop, or one's personal "reality". There are said to be as many neurons in our brain as there are galaxies in the known universe, so the possiblities will never be exhausted. For thousands of years, dedicated spiritual practice was the sole path to altered states of consciousness.

With the advent of neuroscience, the range of options has expanded. The concept it purveys of an "evoked response" implies more predictable and instantaneous results. However, this is not a complete or equivalently "deep" approach. A more proportionate view, would be that a small taste is afforded of perhaps yet unvisited, or under-utilized, corners of the psyche. In other words, entrainment technology is not a substitute for predispositional organic changes to brain structure that must necessarily occur over time. None-the-less, there are practical uses in daily life.

In this context, we will now explore the properties of aerial transmissions in the form of tunable, invisible energy waves. For application of the same frequencies by perceptual stimuli, refer to the Audiovisual Effects page.

Frequency vs. Waveform

Strictly speaking, the term "frequency" refers to a sinewave, as pictured above. This is the only "pure" waveform, since ALL others contain harmonics which, when added, define a more complex shape. The latter is more properly termed a "repetition rate". Rectalinear waveforms, such as the raw output of digital generators, are biologically irritating due to their sudden "on/off" voltage transitions. If utilized at all, filtering to approximate a softer sinewave is preferred. Unless, as with some aspects of Frequency Therapy, one is seeking crude impact, or the greater harmonic content they afford.

From a layman's perspective, it is more relevant to deal with single critical frequencies (CF's) and their reported effects. This is necessarily an over-simplification. Ongoing brainwave activity is a complex dynamism of self-generated, micro-electronic signals and zonal distribution. The latter is exemplifed above; being the effects of meditation. Some researchers attempt to isolate periodicity, and replicate its transient potentials electronically, either as a broadcast or locally administered stimulus. Adding to this picture, it is believed that communication within the brain is structured upon a system of nested FM carriers, such as proposed by the Soviet researcher, S.K. Lisitsyn.

Waveform is another accessible parameter where there is an easily demonstrated correlation with the desired response. This aspect is explained on the Emotional Waves page.

Note the increase in 8-12Hz alpha rythym, and overall amplitude, with eyes closed. This substantiates why the inward-looking state is traditionally associated with in-tuition.

Sample Frequencies

Please note: all information below is provided for educational purposes only. Replication is not advised.

As previously stated, the primary aim of cataloging psychoactive frequencies is to apply them electronically, thereby evoking their effect "at the turn of a dial". More specific to the theme of this website, certain of those listed below, pertain directly to enhancement of mental faculties and psychic perception. Of course, these are only a guide, and may vary somewhat from person-to-person. Frequency regions with known negative effects, eg. to AVOID, are highlighted in red.

0.5Hz - Deep relaxation0.9Hz - Euphoria1.5Hz - Restoration2Hz - Anti-inflammatory2.5Hz - Sleep, trance3Hz - Meditative absorption, no thought3.5 - Feeling of oneness, hypnogogic imagery4.5Hz - Hypnotic4.9-Hz Introspection, sleep onset5Hz - Super-learning5.5Hz - Knowingness, "inner" guidance6.26, 6.6Hz - Confusion, anxiety, depression, insomnia7Hz - Telekinesis, mental projection7.5Hz - Creative flow, purpose7.8Hz - Earth resonance, integration8Hz - ESP, Receptivity, stress relief8.2 Hz - Mood elevation8.3Hz - Clairvoyance9Hz - Reverie, balance, phantom touch9.3Hz - Internal harmony

10Hz - Memory, clarity, normalcy10.5Hz - Relaxed alertness, contemplation12Hz - Centering, transition, time moves "faster"13Hz - Intellegence14Hz - Focussed alertness, concentration, study15Hz - Subvocal thought16Hz - Calcium ion efflux18Hz - Eyeball resonance18-22Hz - Information processing20Hz - Thought implanting25Hz - Vitality, outward awareness, visual cortex

10 Hz is known to be the most easily entrained frequency. This, plus its relatively neutral effect, makes it ideal for testing the efficiency of new equipment.

Regarding usage, here is a fascinating anecdote from noted ELF researcher Bob Beck. It is fairly obvious the first frequency was 6Hz (6.27, 6.67) and the second around 8Hz. From one circuit diagram I have seen, it is quite likely the device described incorporated an ultrasonic transducer as well as a magnetic field coil.

"So when I went to Denny’s Coffee on Sunset Boulevard, I put this thing in my pocket, and occasionally I set it at a specific frequency that I’m not going to mention, because I’ve been asked not to by the people who can ask other people not to do things. And pretty soon the waitresses would start dropping coffee into the laps of the patrons. The babies would start screaming. People within a 10 or 12 foot radius (that’s a 20 foot room) would begin freaking out. I’d surreptitiously turn this thing to two Hertz higher in frequency; you could hear the room calm down."

Variable Generators

Crystal-timed circuits, such as the one on the Earth Frequencies page, can only tune in discrete steps, dependent upon clock frequency and subsequent divide down chain. This offers ease of construction, as well as precision for preset effects.

The more versatile circuit below, sacrifices repeatability but enables ANY frequency between 1 to 26Hz to be adjusted via VR1. This confers the advantage of real-time continuous tuning, and a degree of spontaneity which encourages discovery of new psychic spaces. It also enables manual ramping, eg. a progression of applied frequency from higher to lower. This simulates electrochemical transitions within the brain for improved assimilation. Unlike the analog solutions below, the tuning scale is linear, eg. evenly distributed around the control knob.

As is, the result is a 50% duty cycle, digital square wave. To convert to a more organic sine wave, and boost current to drive an emitter, the same RC filter and amplifier can be employed as in the 8Hz generator on the Earth Frequencies page. The CD4060, and associated components, are removed and connection made to the "output" below the point where pin 1 of the former IC was located.

Tuning can be accomplished intuitively by observing a flashing LED, and/or sensing the inner sensations that arise as the frequency range is slowly swept through. This ability is particularly relevant here, since within any bandwidth may exist both positive and negative influences. As indciated in the list above, examples of the latter occur at around 6Hz (irritability) and 16Hz (calcium ion efflux). If anything does not feel "right", move on immediately or discontinue use.

To perform numerical tuning, a digital multi-meter is required. These are now sold for as little as $35. It can be connected to pin 4 of the CD4060. This enables preferred settings to be easily recorded and returned to. It also allows the operator to experiment with any of the several comprehensive "brainwave frequency" listings available online. Click here to view one of the more popular, if not wholey scientific, versions. Use at your own risk. Resolution down to 0.1Hz is sufficient, given the systemic variables involved.

DMM's with built-in frequency meter capability are now common, starting at around $50.

Analog IC's

A somewhat more compact solution is the monolythic "function generator", such as the XR 2206. By inserting appropriately valued timing capacitors, it will cover an impressive range of 0.1Hz to 2MHz, making it adaptable for both ELF's and their carriers, eg. one chip can AM and/or FM modulate the other. In addition, the output waveform is simultaneously available as sine, square, or triangle. As further discussed on the Emotional Waves page, each imparts a particular somatic property, or "feel".

XR2206 with RC values selected for 2-20Hz sinewave, adjustable via the 100K potentiometer. The 50K controls output signal level. To drive an emitter, all that is required is a matching 12VDC ELF power amp such as shown on the PC Test Lab page.

Bifilar Coils

Single wound coils, or solenoids, are featured on the Earth Frequencies page. A more "advanced" emitter for neuro-entrainment is the bifilar configuration. It is comprised of a single layer of two separate windings, side-by-side. These are current driven in OPPOSITION, eg. 180 degrees apart (phase conjugate), so their respective EMF's tend to cancel. This dynamic is consolidated by inserting a NON-LINEAR translation matrix; typically a ferro-ceramic rod of the type normally used as an RF core/former. To pre-align the magnetic domains, and provide full saturation, an optional permanent button magnet may be affixed to each end.

The resulting emanation is a "longitudinal", acoustic-like, wave; the unique bioactive and transmissive properties of which are defined on the Magic Circle page. Depending on the extent of cancellation, there may also be "scalar" components present. Compared to other types of emitters, bifilars appear to ellicit a more whole-body response.

It is important to leave no gaps between turns, and thus maintain a uniform cancellation geometry. This presents an obvious dilemma if one wishes to magnify field strength by adding successive layers of windings. The simple solution is a physically larger coil fomer. But sometimes, for example in a pocket-size device, space is limited.

The solution is, prior to winding, to tightly twist the two conductors together, at about a 45 degree angle, with an electric drill. In this way their flux is contained, and adjacent turns do not interact with each other. This technique is seen being used below with a ferrite pot core.

Below we see a slightly different approach, which uses a reed relay to switch current (4 or 8Hz) into a square non-inductive coil printed on the circuit board; similar to the one on the Virtual Sound page. Output is necessarily a squarewave. It is easy to manufacture, but suffers from the lack of close coupling enjoyed by a wound coil. This is due to extra distance between the conductors as well as the relatively thin zone of interface offered by the copper cladding.

Some researchers consider longitudinals and scalars to be potentially more bio-active than their Hertzian counterparts, and recommend a cautious approach to their use.

Load Matching

One unusual property of bifilars is that they are "non-inductive", and therefore present virtually no resistance (a short circuit) to the amplifier's output stage. This has two practical ramifications.

First, field intensity can be arbitrarily raised by enlarging coil size or turns number without a proportionate increase in loading. A complimentary strategy is to increase the diameter of the wire. Since electrons travel on the outside of a conductor, this maximizes the surface area for cancellation.

Second, a proxy load must be fitted to limit current passed to within the specified wattage of the amp. This is typically a power resistor of adequate wattage. So the coil "loads up", this is best situated between it and the ground return. To preserve electrostatic balance between the two windings, and thereby minimize EM bleed-off, it is normally placed as illustrated to the left below. The right hand diagram is Nikola Tesla's "pancake" coil.

  

At higher frequencies, there is a tendency for the force of cancellation to reflect back to the power stage causing instability. If present, this can be overcome by inserting a suitably rated 1:1 coupling transformer. As designs become more complex, it is essential to monitor the output with test equipment to avoid administering a distorted signal.

Other anomalous coils are the bifilar pancake as per Nikola Tesla (above right), Hooper motional e-field, and Rodin varieties. Natural substances such as water, granite, or quartz can be used as a potting material "soften" the emitted energy; as well as the so-called "orgonite" conglomerations based upon the discoveries of Wilhelm Reich.

How to Wind a Bifliar Coil - YouTubePancake Coil Winder - YouTubeScalar Coil ExperimentJim Coleman Crystals - Wide selection. Reasonable pricing.Rodin Coil Test

In lieu of winding a coil, a similar vector cancellation effect can be achieved with any length of twin core speaker wire, shorted at its distal end, as described on the Magic Circle page. The same effect can be implemented with ribbon cable or coax.

Polarity of Windings

In terms of subjective effect, the direction of any winding is a highly significant factor. This can be attributed to differing polarities of the emitted torsion field, being a transverse spin polarization of the physical vacuum, in this instnce, established by the angular momentum of the cancellation process. It is not unlike the plus and minus charge of electrical current, except that like charges attract rather than repel.

In the case of twisting two wires together, experienced researchers seem to prefer to do this with the electric drill set as if to "loosen" a screw. This means each conductor is wrapped around the other in a CCW direction. The coil is then wound upon a former CW from the starting end, thus giving the emitted signal a matching CCW rotation. This appears to be in accord with the writings of Edward Leedskanlin, of Coral castle fame, referred to elsewhere in this website. However, since each polarity has its own "feel", the ultimate choice is empirical.

The caduceus and Smith coils are special cases combining both polarities into one. In other words, they are wound one wire CW and the other CCW in a interlaced fashion. In addition to zero impedance, typical to all bifilars, they also exhibit infinite resonance. This implies the output is higher for any given frequency. These advantages sometimes outweigh the extra time and expertise required for fabrication.

  

Original Smith Coil Article

Mobius Coils

To see dozens more examples weird and wonderful coils, do a Google image search for "mobius coil". In this instance, prior to winding, the wire is normally folded over, which again renders it non-inductive. When this is woven into the mobius configuration, it effectively becomes doubly so, thereby producing a more intense field.

   Like bifilar windings, the adjacent pathways of the Minoan labyrinth run counter to each other. In a ceremonial context, the personal energies of opposing streams of participants were thus transformed into a higher group consciousness.

How to Wrap a Mobius Coil - Photo tutorialHow to Wind Toroidal Mobius CoilsMobius Coil TutorialToriodal Mobius - PDF

Hint: for an effectively "longer" coil, double the wire 4 or 8 times before twisting. This is often more manageable than either having too many individual windings to interlace, or using a series of smaller coils on the same former.

Devices on this page should not be used by persons who are: 1) on medication, 2) susceptible to epilepsy/seizures. heart arrhythmia, or nervous disorders, 3) wearing a pacemaker, 4) now, or to be, engaged in any activity involving potential hazard, ie. driving, sport, operating machinery, etc.

Circuit Options

The capabilities alluded to above are even more remarkable given that they can be implemented with low powered circuitry, pre-packaged kit sets, and consumer products and software. This allows for a scaling up, or down, of self-constructed devices without undue expense or electronics skill. The following diagram illustrates a few possible combinations.

All stages must relate to each other in terms of scale, functionality, and intended application. For example, to achieve a reasonable battery life in a portable ELF device, the emitter/load must have a relatively high resistance to limit drawn current to a few tens of milliamps. This means the influential radius can only be a few meters. The upside is that a small IC amplifier will suffice.

To affect larger areas, such as an entire room, the power supply, amplifier and emitter can be proportionately upgraded. One highly adaptable approach is to combine the methodology described on the Patterns of Nature, PC Test Lab, and Magic Circle pages. In other words, harmonic signal optimization, software generation, hi-fi amp, and a wide area loop. The Gravitic plates illustrated on the Shape Shifting page are another type of psychotronic emitter with somewhat different characterisitcs.

Bridge tied load (BTL) amps, or bipolar waveforms, are not used to drive current opposition type emitters as the applied frequency will effectively be doubled upon output.

The two primary parameters that define a signal are frequency and amplitude. When selecting each, one might strive to replicate the energy signatures of a pristine, pre-technological environment. For example, in addition to evolved "windows" of sensitivity to Earth Frequencies, an analogous function exists for signal intensity. In other words, too much power, as well as to

little, may result in rejection or an adverse response. A third element, waveform, corresponding to "feel", is described on the Emotional Waves page.

Assorted Links

A Comprehensive Review of the Psychological Effects of Brainwave Entrainment- PDFELF Waves and ELF EntrainmentBiological Effects of Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields - PDFWhat is Healing Energy? - PDF"Mood Changer" Circuit - A digital approach with several preset frequencies - PDFElectromagnetic Fields, the Modulation of Brain Tissue Functions - PDFBibliography on the Psychoactivity of Electromagnetic FieldsBiological Effects of Extremely Low Electric and Magneti Fields: A Review - PDFSpatial Frequency Modulates Visual Cortical Response - PDFBrainwave Entrainment for Your Cell PhoneRadionic Rates for Mental Conditions - Sample page. Applies to Radionic instruments onlyPromoting Human Creativity

 

 

 

 

IntroductionAbout Website

RadionicsMechanized Dowsing

PSI-onicsRadionic Add-ons

Radionic RatesDial Settings

Bio-transducersPendulums, Rods, GSR

Wishing WheelMagnetic Transmitter

Energy AgricultureGood Vibes for Plants

Earth FrequenciesPlanetary Brain Waves

Virtual SoundPsycho-acoustics

Frequency TherapyAudio Resonance

Patterns of NatureSacred Geometry

Power SpotVortex Generator

Shape ShiftingForm Resonance

Tuning the MindFull Spectrum ELF's

Emotional WavesMood Modulation

Audio-visualSensory Entrainment

Color TherapyLight, Sound & Aroma

Lucid DreamingDoor to Awakening

Ambient EMRAdverse Energies

Mind ControlSubliminal Airwaves

Magic CircleProtective Dowsing Field

PC Test LabSoftware Instruments

Consumer HacksBack at the Lab

ContactComments & Suggestions

 

 

 

 

© Copyright 2011-2012 by P Nielsen. All rights reserved.