brain sections

Sectional Brain Anatomy

Abbas A. Abbas Shawka

• Axial head sections runs from the inferior orbital margin to the external auditory meatus as in ( A )

• Real axial sections was taken to neck as in ( B ) ( only for comparison – this tutorial do not involved the neck )

Note

A

B

NoteBefore we start it is very very important to understand the relationships between the structures of the brain, So we decide to demonstrates the walls of the ventricles as this will be very helpful in making the sectioning very very easy.

• Floor

- head of caudate nucleus

- Thalamus

- Body of caudate n.

• Roof

- Corpus callosum

- Body and crus of fornix on medial side

• Medial wall

- Septum pellucidium

• Lateral wall

- White mater of the hemisphere

Lateral ventricle – anterior horn

• Floor

- Collateral sulcus

• Medial wall

- upper :- Splenium of corpus callosum ( forceps major )

- Lower : calcarine sulcus

Lateral ventricle – posterior horn

• Floor

- hippocampus

• Roof

- Tail of caudate n.

- Amygloid body at tip of the inferior horn

• Lateral wall

- white mater of tapetum

Lateral ventricle – inferior horn

Note

Will be observed in cross sections

!!

1. Central sulcus

2. Parieto-occipital sulcus

3. Cingulate gyrus 1

2

3

1. Central sulcus


1

2


2. Optic radiation

3. Lateral sulcus

4. Central sulcus

5. Body of caudate n.

6. Septum pellucidum

7. Insula

8. Claustrum

9. Putamen

10. Internal capsule

11. Genu of corpus callosum

12. Forceps minor

12

3

4

56

7

89

10

11

12

1. Body of caudate n.

2. Fornix

3. Splenum of corpus callosum

4. Occipito-parietal sulcus

5. genu of corpus callosum

6. Corona radiate

1

4

2

3

56

1. Head of Caudate n.

2. Thalamus

3. Putamen

4. Globus pallidus

5. Internal capsoule

6. External capsule

7. Corpus callosum

1

2

3456

7

1. Head of Caudate n.

2. Thalamus

3. Putamen

4. Globus pallidus

5. Internal capsoule

6. External capsule

7. Calstrum

8. Insula

9. Corpus callosum

10. Fornix

1

8

7

26

3

4

57

7

10

1. Anterior cerebral artery

2. Middle cerebral artery

3. Posterior cerebral artery

4. Red nucleus

5. Crus cerebri

6. Substantia nigra

7. Tectum

8. Vermis

9. Insula

10. Cingulate gyrus

11. Uncus

12. Amygdala

12

3

45

6

8

10

9

711

12

1. Anterior cerebral artery



4. Red nucleus

5. Crus cerebri

6. Substantia nigra

7. Tectum

8. Vermis

9. Insula

10. Cingulate gyrus

11. Uncus

12. Amygdala

1

2

3

4

5

67

8

9

10

11

12

1. Rectus gyrus ( straight )

2. Optic nerve

3. Pituitary infandubulum

4. ICA

5. Basilar artery

6. Tectum ( inferior colliculi )

7. Temporal horn of lateral v.

8. Uncus

9. Hippocampus

10. Vermis

1

2

3

4

5

6

8

10

97

1. Rectus gyrus ( straight )

2. Optic nerve

3. Pituitary infandubulum

4. Middle cerebral a.

5. Posterior cerebral a.

6. Tectum ( inferior colliculi )

7. Temporal horn of lateral v.

8. Uncus

9. Hippocampus

10. Vermis

1

23

4

5

67

8

9

10

1. Sphenoid sinus

2. Sella turica

3. ICA

4. Temporal lobe

5. Pons

6. Middle cerebellar pedunclw

7. 4th ventricle

8. Mastoid air cells

9. Vertebral a.

10. temporalis

1

2

34

56

8

10

9

7

1. Sphenoid sinus

2. Sella turica

3. ICA

4. Temporal lobe

5. Pons

6. Middle cerebellar peduncle

7. 4th ventricle

8. Mastoid air cells

9. Vertebral a.

10. temporalis

1

32

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1. ICA

2. Sphenoidal sinus

3. Middle meningeal artery

4. Medulla oblongata

5. Inferior cerebellar peduncle

6. basilar a.

7. Floccules

1

2 3

45

6

7

1. ICA

2. Sphenoidal sinus

3. Medulla oblongata

4. Inferior cerebellar peduncle

5. Pons

6. basilar a.

7. Floccules

3

2

5

1

4

6

7

• Important coronal sections …

1. Through the cerebellum showing its nuclei & the 4th

ventricle ..

2. Through the pons + red nucleus

3. Throug the pons + mammillary body

4. Through the basal ganglia and internal capsule

5. Through the pituitary gland and optic tract

• No real image for (2) & is provided in this tutorial only and MRI picture !!! NOT FOUND !

coronal sections

1. Dentate nucleus

2. Vermis

3. Occipital horn of LV

4. Cingulate sulcus

5. Superior middle and inferior temporal gyri

1

2

3

4

5

5

5

1. Dentate nucleus

2. Vermis

3. Cingulate sulcus

4. Superior middle and inferior temporal gyri

5. 4th ventricle

6. Cerebellar tonsils

7. Posterior horn of LV

8. Inferior horn of LV

9. Posterior inferior cerebellar artery

10. Vertebral a.

7

2

4

1

3

5

6

8

9

10 10

1. Red nucleus

2. Pons

3. Hippocampus

4. Superior,middle & inferior temporal gyri

5. Parahippocampusgyrus

6. Thalamus

7. Lentiform nuclei

8. Internal capsule



11. Vertebral artery

12. Dens

13. Insula

14. Corpus callosum

7

4

1

3

6

9

9

11

10

12

13

2

5

8

11

14

1. Mammillary body

2. Substantia nigra

3. Pons

4. Internal capsule

5. Insula

6. Vertebral a.

7. Cingulate gyrus


9. Corpus callosum

10. Fornix

11. Thalamus

12. 3rd ventricle

13. Claustrum

14. Putamen

15. Globus pallidus

16. Caudate n.

17. Hippocampus

18. Frontal gyrus

12

3

485

7

4

6

6 6

6

9

1011

1213

14

15

16

17

18

1. Mammillary body

2. Pons

3. Internal capsule

4. Insula

5. Basilar a.

6. Cingulate gyrus

7. Caudate n.


9. Corpus callosum

10. Fornix

11. Thalamus

12. 3rd ventricle

13. Claustrum

14. Lentiform n.

15. Hippocampus

16. Frontal gyrus ( superior & inferior )

17. Posterior cerebral a.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

89

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

16

17

1. Superior frontal gyri

2. Cingulate gyri

3. Parahippocampal gyri

4. Superior, middle and inferior temporal gyri

5. Thalamus

6. putamen

7. globus pallidus

8. Clastrum

9. Insula

10. MCA

1

2

3

4

8

5

6

4

4

79

10

1. Optic chiasma

2. Pituitary gland

3. Sphenoid body

4. Medial occipitotemporal gyri

5. Lateral occipitotemporal gyri

6. Superior, middle & inferior temporal gyri

7. MCA


9. Corpus callosum

1

2

3

4

56

8

7

9

5

6

6

7

1. Optic chiasma

2. Pituitary gland

3. Sphenoid sinus

4. Superior, middle & inferior temporal gyri

5. MCA


7. Corpus callosum

1

44 2

3

4

56

7

1. Corpus callosum


3. Body of fornix

4. Pituitary gland

5. Mamillary body

6. Hypothalamus

7. 3rd ventricle

8. Optic chiasma

9. Pineal body

10. Colliculi

11. Aqueduct of sylvius ( arrow )

12. 4th ventricle

1 23

456 8

109

7

M

P

MOCerebellum 12

1. Corpus callosum

2. Anterior cerebral a.

3. Fornix

4. Thalamus

5. Cerebellum

6. Tonsils or cerebellum

7. Basilar artery

8. Hypophysis

9. Hypothalamus

10. Pineal gland

11. 4th ventricle

12. Superior medullary velum

13. Colliculi

1

5

6

42

3

7

8

910

1112

13

1. Rostrum of corpus callosum

2. body of corpus callosum

3. genu of corpus callosum

4. Splenum of corpus callosum

5. C1 vertebra

6. Caudate n.

7. Thalamus

8. Anterior horn of lateral v.

9. Body of lateral ventricle

10. Tonsils of cerebellum

11. Basilar a.

12. Dens

1

5

6

4

2

37

8 9

10

11

12

13

Cerebellum

MO

PONS

1. Middle cerebellar a.

2. Superior frontal sulcus

3. Superior temporal sulcus

4. Transverse sinus

5. Insular cortex

6. Frontal pole

7. Temporal pole

12

3

4

5

6

7

Sulci and Gyri -

Important notes

1. Central sulcus 2. Lateral sulcus 3. Parito-occipital sulcus

4. Calcarine sulcus 5. Cingulate sulcus 6. Callsosal sulcus ( Sulcus of corpus callosum )

1

2

3

4

56

1. Orbital sulcus ( NOT SHOWN / Above the orbit !! )

2. Parahippocampal sulcus

3. Collateral sulcus

4. Occipiti-temporal sulcus

2

3

4

1. Rectus gyrus

2. Uncus ( parahippocampusgyrus )

3. Hippocampal gyrus

1

2

3

Coronal section

1. Corona radiat

2. Internal capsule

3. Corticospinal tract

1

PONS

2

3

Foramina of luschka & lateral recess

Blood Supply To Brain

Subclavian angiogram

1. brachiocephalic trunk

2. right subclavian a.

3. right vertebral a.

4. right common carotid artery

5. right external carotid artery

6. right internal carotid artery

7. left internal carotid artery

8. left subclavian artery

9. left common carotid artery

10. aorta

Angiography

Circle of willis• 1, Internal carotid artery.

• 2, Posterior cerebral artery.

• 3, Anterior cerebral artery.

• 4, Anterior cerebral artery.

• 5, Middle cerebral artery.

• 6, Basilar artery.

• 7, Vertebral artery.

• 8, anterior communicating artery .

8

Thank You

brain sections

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