branko horvat assistant to gm koncar power plant and ......w wbs_stathidro e b web service w...

Branko Horvat

Assistant to GM

KONCAR – Power

Plant and Electric

Traction

Engineering Inc.

Croatia

Development, Engineering, and

Implementation of Application

Programs in the Cetina River

Catchment Control Centre

(CSRCE):

Combining Commercial and

Tailor-made solutions

Map of Croatia in Europe

Cetina hydroenergetic system (HES)

general map

Cetina HES layout

Photo of Peruća HPP on the Cetina

river

Role of Cetina HES in Croatian

Electric Power System (EPS)

• Owner: HEP (Croatian Electric Power Utility) -

Production

• Two storage and three compensation reservoirs

• Six hydroelectric power plants (HPPs)

• Installed power of 880 MW

• Supervision, planning and control important for

whole EPS functioning

• Energetic contribution at yearly level in average

2278 GWh i.e. 15,4% of electricity needs or

20,2% of average production

Role of Cetina HES in Croatian

Electric Power System (EPS)

• Picking power possibilities

• Important regulation capabilities

• Two HPPs dominantly contribute to LFC by

economy balancing energy

• Additional importance in ancillary services:

– System operational security

– Load-frequency control

– Voltage control

– System restoration

– Islanding operation.

Configuration of the computer system

Redundant

firewalls

Office LAN

GPS

Time

server

LAN

hp

workstation

xw4000

hp

workstation

xw4000

PROCESS LAN

VLANs

Utility

WAN

Utility

TASE.2

IEC 60870-5-104

hp

workstation

xw4000

hp

workstation

xw4000

OS1 OS2 WS1 WS2 WS3 WS8

P1

Communication

server for

HPPs

Accounting

measurements

server

SCADA

and AGC

server

Domain

controller

Utility communication

server (TASE.2)

hp

workstation

xw4000

OS with LCDs

6 x LCD 42'' + 1 x LCD 47''

P3

hp

workstation

xw4000

hp

workstation

xw4000

Local RTU

LAN SWITCH

Application

server

Security

hardcopies

equipment

2 × SAN Switch

Hydrology DB

server

OPERATOR

STATIONSWORK STATIONS

PRINTERS

...

...

...

External DB Web Portal for users

on the Utility WAN

Web Portal for

users outside the

Utility

Archive

DB

Common disk system

500 GB – Archive DB

300 GB – SCADA

100 GB - Advance

Disposition of program modules

Application server

Utility communication

server

TASE.2

Hydrology DB server

ADOS

Hydrology data

DBM ServerArchive DB

Communication server

for HPPs

FEP

Accounting

measurements server

ADVANCE

Accounting

measurements

data

SCADA and AGC server

FEP

Com. server

Real-time

data

server

Chronology

server

Historical

data

server

SCADA

calc.

AGCReactive

power

sec. contr.

Real-time

DB

Historical

and

chronology

DB

LAN

FirewallUtility office LAN/WAN

External DB

External DB

Archive

data

Web portal for users on

the Utility WAN

Web portal

Web portal for users

outside the Utility

Web portal

Technical

Static

data

Data base

Service

Application / Web

Application

Hydrology

forecasting

application

Simulation

application

Scheduling

application

Optimization

application

Hydrology

forecasting DB

Simulation DB

Scheduling DB

Optimization DB

DBM functions

Real-time and Application program

functions

• Short-term hydrology forecasting

• River flow simulation

• Short-term operation scheduling and

optimisation

• Energy metering

• SCADA

• Automatic generation control

• Secondary reactive power and voltage control

• Web Portal and Data Warehouse

Application programs

Building bloks of

application programs:

Database

Windows application

File

dll

Windows application with

user interface (*.exe)

Windows Service

(doesn't have user interface)

Dynamic library (*.dll)

Data file

Database (DB)

WEB Service

WE

B

WEB service

WE

B

WEB interface (pages)

Windows Service

Uniditectional data exchange

Bidirectional data exchange

Application for short-term hydrology

forecasting

• For short-term inflow forecasting

• Hydraulic program package DHI MIKE 11

– Rainfall-Runoff (RR) module

• NAM hydrologic model (Nedbør-Afstrømnings-Model)

• Simulates runoff

– overland-flow, inter-flow, and base-flow

• In four storages

– surface, lower or root zone, groundwater, and snow.

• Catchment encircles 3650 km2 distributed in 5

sub-catchments in explicit karst area.


forecasting

• It is difficult to estimate sub-catchments’ borders

and their interconnections.

• Catchments are modeled independently.

• Inflow forecast (hydrographs) for the sites:

– inflow to storage reservoir Peruća,

– lateral inflow between reservoirs Peruća and Đale,

– tributary inflow to reservoir Lipa,

– inflow to storage reservoir Buško Blato,

– lateral inflow btw. HPP Orlovac and reservoir Đale,

– lateral inflow btw. compensation reservoir Prančevići

and HPP Kraljevac.


forecasting

• From water balance of each sub-catchment the

application calculates non-regulated water

inflow.

– Appropriate filter parameters are adjusted separately

for each sub-catchment depending on its

characteristics.

• In parameter calibration of the sub-catchments a

goal function (error) is minimised of the

measured and forecasted inflow from a

particular sub-catchment.


forecasting• Forecasted inflows depend also on model input

data

– measurements from automated meteorological

measuring stations on the catchment,

– meteorological forecasts of precipitation, temperature

and potential evaporation.

• Weighting factors of meteorological measuring

stations influencing sub-catchment were also

calibrated because

– measurements from a measuring station in one sub-

catchment may influence the inflow from another sub-

catchment.


forecasting

Short-term hydrology

forecasting

History data service

S

Real-time

data service

S

Hydrology parameters, hydraulic parameters,

plant dataHydrology forecastsMeteorology forecasts

WEB Service

WBS_STATHIDROWE

B

Web Service

WBS_METEOPROGWE

B WEB Service

WBS_HIDROPROGWE

B

C

Chronologyand history DB

Real-timeDB

Meteorology

forecast manual

data input


forecasting

C

DATA BASES

SCADA

C

Hydrology data

Piezometric data

C

C

Model input DB Model output DB

Technical static

data DBShort-term hydrology forecasting DB

Hydrology and

piezometric data

service

S

C

Hydrology and

piezometric data

DB

ADOS

MIKE 11.dll

Manual data input

Data output

Hydrology data

Piezometric data

ADOS


forecasting

Forecast – spacial

sub-catchments layout

Forecast – tabular view

Application for generation scheduling

• For short-term generation scheduling of the HES

• Hydrologic program package DHI MIKE BASIN

is used.

• Simulation procedure based on kinematic

(hydrologic) model simulates sequences of

semi-stationary states to validate the HES base

and variant production plans.

• Optimisation algorithm softly limits the deviations

between real and prescribed compensation

reservoirs’ water levels.


• Application is used for development of

production schedule in the period of one to

seven days, using three time discretization

levels: 15, 30 and 60 minutes.

• Intra-day scheduling is also supported.


• For development of the user interface layer

– Microsoft WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation)

technology on top of Microsoft .NET platform was

used.

• Middle layer implementing business logic is

– developed as XML ASP.NET web services also on

top of Microsoft .NET platform,

– consisting of various calculation, analytic and

integration functionalities.

• Calculation part of the business logic exploits

– MIKE BASIN engine for simulation and partly for

optimization tasks.


• MIKE BASIN engine is also used for

– defining hydrologic model of the HES, used for

solving simulation and optimization problems.

• Software interaction with the model is realized

– using MIKE BASIN .dll libraries that implement

application programming interfaces enabling

interaction with MIKE BASIN and the kinematic

hydrologic model it contains.


• Integration part of the business logic enables

– interaction of the user interface with the Scheduling

application database,

– integration with other subcomponents of the CSRCE

System, including e.g.

• Short Time Hydrology Forecast (accessing inflow forecasts),

• PROZA NET SCADA System (accessing measured values

for the purpose of re-planning or analysis).

• Database layer is implemented as relational

database using Oracle 11.2g RDBMS.


Hydrology forecasts

WEB Service

WBS_HIDROPROGWE

B

Scheduling process

DATA BASES

CC

Template or former day

realized schedule /

worked schedule

Static modelcascade

WEB Service

WBS_STATSLIVWE

B

Static modelHPPs

WEB Service

WBS_EENTWWE

B

Operation plan

WEB Service

WBS_PLANWE

B

Initial values ofdispatcher constraints

WEB Service

WBS_PLAN_REQWE

B


S

Real-time data

service

SChronology

and history DBReal-time

DB C

Water level measurements Archived water level measurements SCADA

MIKE Basin.dll

Technical static data DBScheduling DB


forecasting DB

Manual data

input

Data output

ILOG CPLEX.dll

ILOG Concert.dll

Archive database concept

Real-timeDB

Cetina HES

technical static data

DB

Chronologyand history DB

HPPs and CSRCE process information

system DB (SCADA, AGC, Cntrl. Q and U)

Archive DB

(Archived data)

Application for generation

scheduling

DB

Application DB

Archive DB

(Data exchange layer)

WEB Service

WBS_EENTWWE

B

WEB Service

WBS_STATSLIVWE

BWEB Service

WBS_PLANWE

B

WEB Service

WBS_PLAN_REQWE

B

WEB Service

WBS_HIDROPROGWE

B

Application for short-term

hydrology forecasting

data

Application for generation

scheduling

data

Generation scheduling

Application for short-term

hydrology forecasting

DB

WEB Service

WBS_KROPOVWE

B

Chronology and historyDB


Main view Comparison planned/realised

Report generationWater inflow calculation

Application for short-term optimisation

• By use of an additional external optimization

algorithm of IBM ILOG CPLEX

• Goal function components incorporating

– HES power balance during discrete time intervals

– Economic generating unit commitment and load

distribution

are included.


• Some optimisation tasks could not be solved by

using MIKE BASIN.

• These optimisation tasks were solved by using

CPLEX optimisation algorithms that are fully

integrated with MIKE BASIN algorithms,

constituting single optimisation engine that can

be further utilized.

• CPLEX optimisation algorithms are also realised

as .dll libraries.


Goal function:

where:


• Optimisation problem constraints represent a

mathematical model of the process.

• Constraints incorporate equalities and

inequalities.

– Equalities refer to

• water conservation and demanded power balances,

• generating units’ and HPPs’ characteristics

• Reservoirs’ water level-volume dependencies.

– Inequalities comprise

• physical, technical and dispatcher constraints and bounds

• operational constraints and bounds on binary decision

variables of generating unit commitment.


Optimisation process

DATA BASES

CC


S

Real-time data

service

SChronology

and history DBReal-timeDB C

Water level measurements Archived water level measurements SCADA

ILOG CPLEX.dll

Manual data

input

Data displayWeighting factors,

penalty values and

costs

Hydrology forecasts

WEB Service

WBS_HIDROPROGWE

B

Static modelcascade

WEB Service

WBS_STATSLIVWE

B

Static modelHPPs

WEB Service

WBS_EENTWWE

B

Operation plan

WEB Service

WBS_PLANWE

B

Initial values ofdispatcher constraints

WEB Service

WBS_PLAN_REQWE

B

Technical static data DB


forecasting DB

Scheduling DB


Integrated with application

for generation scheduling

Optimisation task selection

Application for river flow simulation

• For river water flow and reservoirs’ water level

simulation in the HES

• Hydraulic program package DHI MIKE 11

– Hydro-dynamical (HD) module

• Simulates and checks

– whether the new production plan is realistic and

realisable with respect to the constraints and

regarding the end conditions

• Constraints are posed on

– water flows and levels at specific sites in the river bed


• End conditions refer to

– required compensation reservoirs’ water levels at the

end of planning period.

• Into the model

– river bed and reservoirs’ cross-sections geometry was

embedded at appropriate distances

– level-volume characteristics of the reservoirs were

adjusted.


• As in MIKE 11 the object representing HPP does

not exist

– a user-defined object (structure) was developed using

an existing structure enabling the realisation of an

object adapted by the user.

• User-defined structure works on the principle of

calling a DLL written by the user.

• During development of the object

– friction head losses in headrace tunnels and

penstocks, output power dependences on hydraulic

head, turbine discharge, and generating unit

efficiency, were taken into account.


• After the topological adjustment of all river

elements and hydraulic and energetic structures,

parameter calibration of model output data

(water flows and levels) regarding model input

data (energy production, inflows) was done.

• Calibration input data was collected from the

following sources:

– database of State Hydro-Meteorological Institute

(DHMZ),

– archived operator reports from HPPs.



S

Real-time

data service

S

Hydrology forecastsOperation plan

Web Service

WBS_VOZNI_REDWE

B

WEB Service

WBS_HIDROPROGWE

B

Chronologyand history DBReal-time

DB

River flow simulation

DATA BASES

SCADA

CC

C

Water level measurements

Archived water level measurements


WEB Service

WBS_HIDRO_FLOWWE

B

Static modelcascade

WEB Service

WBS_STATSLIVWE

B

Static modelHPPs

WEB Service

WBS_EENTWWE

B

MIKE 11.dll

Technical static data

DB

Scheduling DB Short-term hydrology

forecasting DB


DB

Hydrology and

piezometric data

service

SHydrology and

piezometric dataDB

C

Data output

Manual data

input

ADOS

ADOS

Web portal

External DB

WBS_PORTAL

WE

B

Web Portal for

users on

the Utility WAN

HEP WAN

Archive DB

Web Portal for

users outside

the Utility

CSRCE LAN

INTERNET

WE

B

WE

B

Web data access

Intranet

Internet

Multilevel security

Conclusion

• The applications not only use tailor-made

solutions from commercial market but many

algorithms and outputs were designed,

programmed, and implemented according to the

customer needs.

• The applications offer a set of additional tools.

– These tools are on disposal for the operator in the

CSRCE to ease him fast and quality decision making.

– As the tools are ready to be used practically in real-

time, they look like some sort of real-time control.

– It will enable a secure operation at higher and

economical reservoirs water levels.

Thank you for your attention!

branko horvat assistant to gm koncar power plant and ......w wbs_stathidro e b web service w...

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