brazil special feature as published in the guardian 18-05-15 (1)

7232019 Brazil Special Feature as Published in the Guardian 18-05-15 (1)

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullbrazil-special-feature-as-published-in-the-guardian-18-05-15-1 115

A s d i s t r i b u t e d w i t h

A n i n d e p e n d e n t s u p p l e m e n t d i s t r i b u t e d i n t h e G u a r d i a n o n b e h a l f o f T h e R e p o r t

C o m p a n y w h o t a k e s s o l e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r i t s c o n t e n t

M a y 1 8 0 5 2 0 1 5

Laying the foundations for changeAs the Dilma administration strives to fuel innovation and growth in the Brazilianeconomy the issue of access to quality education is taking centre stage With a new

national plan to boost education expenditure to 10 percent of GDP and a renewedfocus by Brazilian academic institutions on collaboration with industry and technologycreation Brazilrsquos education sector looks set to make an important contribution tothe nationrsquos future

Education in Brazil

The

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Re-evaluating the roleof teachers

p23p18I983150983150983151983158983137983156983145983151983150

Government supportreduces risk

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Brazil creates globalknowledge networks

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A land of innovation

theguardiancomthe-report-companybrazil-education



2 _EDUCATION IN BRAZIL EDUCATION IN BRAZIL_3

1Studentsat privateuniversityEstacio2SENAI providesformaltrain-ingfor specialisedworkersforindustry

3Highereducationhas becomekeyforyoung Brazilians4SESC provideseducationthat

wouldotherwisebeunavailableformillionsof Brazilians5The AyrtonSenna Institutecreatesopportunitiesforyoungpeople|Photo RodrigoCamara6The futuristicEtecHeliopolisinSao Paulo

1 4 5 6

2 3

A s d i s t r i b u

OVERVIEW Successive governments have failed to address Brazilrsquos most urgent structuralneeds Today as this young democracy finds its voice the government is being forced tolisten and take action With the better life Br azilians seek dependent on better education forall does the country have what it takes to build a better future

Time for an education revolution

Brazil is shifting awkwardly in the glare of in-ternational scrutiny Where once the govern-ment was able to deflect or divert unwantedattention running from the demands of achallenging reality is no longer an option andpopular protests have become commonplaceIn response to this President Dilma Rouss-effrsquos second term in office began with a new-ook cabinet and the admission that difficult

times were ahead questions would be askedand sacrifices would have to be made if thecountry was to get back on trackThis was an honest self-assessment from apresident who had inherited enviable approv-al ratings from her predecessor Luiz InacioLularsquo da Silva only to see them gradually

diminished to a narrow election victory lastyear The glow of a vigorous economy hassimilarly dimmed in recent years a s evidence

piled up of an unsustainable heavily subsi-dised boom that masked the countryrsquos un-derlying problemsThe headlines havenrsquot all been bad Educa-tion was at last placed on top of the agenda

during the election campaign A far-reachingplan was unveiled that a ims to rebuild thecountryrsquos education system promising to

include another 12 million children currentlyoutside of the school system over the nextfour years Meanwhile unemployment fellto a record low of 43 percent in December2014 although productivity is also fallingafter a meagre 13 percent improvement overthe last decadeRanked 126th out of 183 countries for ease ofdoing business Brazilrsquos competitive edge re-

mains severely blunted by bureaucracy ldquoTheWorld Bank highlighted Brazil as one of theworst countries to do business in but we aremaking some dramatic changesrdquo said smallbusiness secretary Guillerme Afif DomingosldquoWe are going to jump from the Middle Agesstraight to the digital erardquoThe urgency to make that jump lies in a wor-rying skills gap pointing to critical shortcom-ings in the education sector According to a

survey by global employment agency Manpower68 percent of employers in Brazil have e xperi-enced difficulty in recruiting the right workforceWhile ministers promise to bring the time ittakes to open a company down from 150 days to just f ive recru iting su fficient ly skil led labour i sthe next hurdleHistorically speaking when a game-changingsolution has been required Brazilian creativ-ity has shone through In adapting sugar canecattle or the humble soybean to the tropicalenvironment or developing the means to drillfor oil deeper and further offshore than everbefore the country has grown to become a worldleader in research and production The next

stage is to go beyond self-sufficiency to adding value at home befor e selling to t he internat ionalmarket ldquoMaybe Brazilrsquos problem isnrsquot creatingentrepreneurs but rather turning innovativeideas into solid technology within a systemthat is outdatedrdquo points out Bernardo GradinCEO of the the countryrsquos pioneering ethanolcompany GranBio Alr eady the seven th-l arge st economy in theworld Brazil has the ingredients to become a fer-

tile ground in which entrepreneurialism for solong stymied by introverted and protectionistadministrations can flourish both withinand beyond its borders Today the coun-try is starting to make deep far-reachingchanges to its saturated consumption-based model in order to progress andfulfil its potential as a global eco-nomic force Brazilrsquos dream of be-coming the much-vaunted centreof innovation and technology inthe southern hemisphere finallylooks within reachTo achieve that dream howev-er the education sector needs

solutions on a continental scalethat successive administrationshave failed to deliver With stateinvestment promising to reach 10percent of GDP by 2023 the fundsare finally available to extend thereach of education narrow the in-equality gap and shape the nextgeneration of Brazilrsquos citizens andentrepreneurs

ldquoFreedom and socialdemocracy were notenough any more

The people neededefficiency toonot only in publicservices but alsoin politicsrdquoMichel Temer

Vice-president of Brazil

Education was at last placed

on top of the agenda duringthe election campaign witha promise to include another12 million children

VIEWPOINT

Preparing for successBrazilrsquosworkforceis fundamentaltoitscompaniesrsquodriveforcompetitivenessbutacultureof undervaluingstaff hasplaguedbigcompaniesfor decadesTheresultinghighturnoverhas hada drasticimpactonefficiencyandproductivityMultinationals

reporthavingtospendupto40 percentmoreonHR inBrazilwhile theretailsector experi-encesturnoverratesofupto56 percentOnecompanyhoweveris buckingthetrendGrupoPaodeAcucaristheretailgroupbehindsome ofthe countryrsquosbiggest

highstreetstores Strongcompanyvaluesandinvestmentinthe trainingandeduca-tionof their160000employeeshas paiddividendsStaff turnoverisdown to365percentpavingthewayfortherestofthesectorto follow

Art Director Joana PessanhaGraphic Design Carlos RobledoIllustrationsRomualdo Faura

Forsuggestionson afeatureonyourcountryoranyspecificthemecontactus onfeaturesthe-reportnetForanexpandedversionofthisfeaturewwwtheguardiancomthe-reportand wwwthe-reportnet

Follow TheReportCo onTwitter

Project Director Aarti Waghela Editorial Director Nicolas Danaux

Writers Doug Gray Eleanor WraggCopy Editor Eleanor Wragg

TheReportCompany takessoleresponsibilityforthe contentofthisfeature

Liberty House 222 Regent StreetLondon W1B 5TR UK Tel +44 (0) 207 903 5079




983154983141983137983140983156983144983141983142983157983148983148983153amp983137the-reportnetbrazil

A s d i s t r i b u

During his visit to the country in April lastyear the UKrsquos chancellor of t he exchequerGeorge Osborne announced the creation ofthe Newton Fund designed to strengthenresearch and innovation partnerships be-tween the UK and emerging countries likeBrazil The initiative will see pound375 millioninvested over five years and aims to pro-mote international partnerships in devel-opment and welfare that will create leadingfuture innovationThe chancellor was keen to stress the im-portance of this partnership with Brazilat a time when UK exports to the coun-try have increased by 54 percent over four

years ldquoWe look at Brazil and can see the

notable success achieved by its scientificcommunity Partnerships with countriessuch as Brazil who are rapidly increasingtheir investments in scientific research willhelp strengthen ties between our countr iesand deliver new economic opportunities forus bothrdquo he saidThe sentiment was echoed by Sergio Gar-goni president of Confap with whom hesigned the reciprocal agreement ldquoThis isimportant because of the size of the invest-ment involved the size of the network thatwe are building the subjects that will bediscussed in our research projects and thenew era of cooperation between the UK and

Brazilrdquo said Gargoni

Where do you see opportunitiesfor collaboration between the twocountriesBrazil has extraordinary opportuni-ties It also has some big bottle-necks and I think the UK is a countrywhich can help unblock themparticularly around technology andinfrastructure We see that already inoil and gas

What is the current mood amonginvestors towards BrazilI think that there are fashions tothese things You have to separatethe stock and the flow The flow is

going to some other countries butthe stock of Brazil is enormous andtherefore the opportunities are hugeThe British firms who stick at it dovery well here

What collaborations do you see inthe education sectorUnder the governmentrsquos new NewtonFund there are post-docs doing jointresearch with the UK and BrazilStatistics show that there is anenormous amplification effect forBrazilians who joint publish with aBritish researcher more so than withany other nationality

A DIPLOMATrsquoS VIEW

Alex EllisUK Ambassador to Brazil

ldquoUnder the governmentrsquosnew Newton Fund thereis joint research betweenthe UK and Brazilrdquo

POLICY Education is at the top of the governmentrsquos agenda with to aten-year plan to tackle the blight of low-quality teaching high drop-outrates and functional illiteracy that has plagued the Brazilian system

A research partner for the UK

A plan for change

After three-a nd-a-half years of de-bate and conjecture in CongressBrazilrsquos national education plan(PNE) was finally passed into lawin July 2014 Its scope is vast

setting 20 targets covering allaspects from pre-school to profes-sional training within a ten-yeartimeframe and no fewer than 253strategies by which to achievethem Its key proposals include

INVESTMENT Federal spending on education isto increase from 56 percent of GDPto at least 7 percent by the fifthyear of the plan and 10 percent by2023 The difference will be fundedby profits from Brazilrsquos pre-salt oilexploration but the challenge isspending the money efficientlysomething not usually associatedwith the public sector

ACCESSAll children aged four to five willbe guaranteed a place in schoolby 2016 and half of those up tothe age of three will be able to at-tend a public cregraveche by 2020 Theplan will also increase assistancefor those with special needs toachieve universal access via im-proved facilities and training

LITERACY The plan aims to ensure that allchildren will be able to read andwrite by the third year of secondaryschool and to eradicate illiteracyin those aged 15-plus by 2020It will also reduce functional il-literacy by 50 percent UNESCO re-search shows Brazil has the eighthhighest level of adult illiteracy inthe world

TEACHERSThe plan will create a nationalpolicy for the continued train-ing of teachers and educationprofessionals and will ensurethat by the tenth year 50 percentof teachers working in primaryeducation will have completed agraduate course in their specialistfield It also aims to increase theaverage teaching wage to thesame level as professionals of asimilar level of training

HIGHER EDUCATIONThe PNE will seek to enrol 50percent of 18 to 24-year-olds intohigher education and increasethose into public universities by atleast 40 percent whilst also ensur-ing 75 percent of lecturers have amasterrsquos degree and 35 percentpossess a doctorate

Productivity in focus The Brazilian government has beenspurred into action as the countryrsquoseducational performance impacts onits productivity Over the last decadeworkersrsquo productivity in the country

has increased by just 13 percentcompared to 134 percent in ChinaWhilst the Chinese case might beconsidered unusual comparisonswith the likes of Chile and Mexico

are only slightly kinder The average15-year-old Brazilian student hasthe equivalent scientific and mathsknowledge of a 14-year-old fromtheir Latin American neighbours an

The Brazilian education sector stands at an impor-tant crossroads For decades regarded as a privilegerather than a right the recent universalisation ofaccess to basic schooling has been a trying butlargely successful process The challenge that thecountry faces today is ensuring that the quality ofeducation its 40 million children receive from thepublic school system befits the worldrsquos seventh-largest economy

On the surface the systemrsquos structure is familiarFrom the age of six to fourteen children receivecompulsory primary education moving on to non-compulsory secondary education from fifteen toseventeen At age eighteen students can enterhigher education Unlike in the UK and the USthe most highly-regarded universities are publictheir tuition entirely free but access to them isextremely competitiveIt is an awkward paradox that while the Brazilianelite prefer to send their children to expensive private schools it is to these free universities that thebest students invariably go on to apply Priced outof a good basic education the majority of Brazil-ians are then tested out of the best universitiespaying instead to attend private institutions withmixed reputations But higher education remainsin its infancy USP Brazilrsquos oldest university was

only founded in 1934 Since the 1950s Capes thefederal agency for the support and evaluation ofhigher education has been responsible for thesectorrsquos rapid growthThe governmentrsquos national education plan (PNE)set a target of 98 percent inclusion in schools by2023 To stay on course however 29 million chil-dren need to be incorporated into the system t his

year alone and the process of universalisation hastaken its toll on Brazilrsquos public schools In order forthe plan to succeed President Rousseff admits itmust ldquoconverge the efforts of all areas of govern-

mentrdquo or an already stretched education systemwill be pushed to its limitsThe teaching profession in Brazil has long beenundervalued Without the resources to cope withfull-time students children only attend classes inthe mornings or afternoons The knock-on effectsfor teaching efficiency are striking and it is herethat the PNE is hoped to make a major impact Ef-forts at lowering drop-out rates improving teachertraining and management and expanding highereducation all come backed by a major boost ininvestment between now and 2023 using moneyfrom the pre-salt oil exploration programmeIn a country the size of Brazil with a population ofover 200 million spread over 85 million kilometresfinding a solution for the needs of those both inthe urban centres and in the remote rural dist ricts

represents an enormous challengeThere is no national curriculum and Sao Paulo isthe only state to have implemented a single curricu-lum across all of its schools As such it is difficultto evaluate students and teachers and continuityin teaching is a challenge Without the economiesof scale offered by a single countrywide systemthe cost of books materials and technology is also

greater than it could beHaving fallen behind neighbouring countries like Argentina a nd Chile in the last century there isnow a great deal to catch up on if the country isto meet 21st century demands too Soft skillscitizenship and the basic tenets of punctualityand collaboration all have to be bolted on to thefundamental elements of reading and writingFunctional illiteracy is the frighteningly common

ailment affecting some-where between 18-27percent of Braziliansand while the blame fora widening skills gap isregularly passed fromthe private sector tothe universities and all

the way down to basiceducation it remainsan issue that successiveadministrations havefailed to address In

light of the national education plan it is a prob-lem that if handled correctly and efficiently canalso bring enormous opportunities

GlauciusOlivaformerpresidentof CNPqChancellorofthe Excheq-uerGeorgeOsborne andJorge GuimaraespresidentofCapesat thelaunchofthe pound375mNewtonFund

ldquoWe have been evaluatinggraduate courses since 1974ndash even the British systemwas only implemented inthe 1990srdquo Jorge GuimaraesPresident of Capes

ldquoWith inter-national re-search youdonrsquot add but

you multiplyrdquoHernan ChaimovichPresident of CNPq

Celso Lafer President of FAPESP

BILATERAL RELATIONS

The Sao Paulo Research Founda-tion (FAPESP) puts research intopractice acting as a businessincubator and helping the statestrengthen its position as animportant global hub for sciencetechnology and innovation

ldquoHalf of the knowledge producedby Brazil is generated here in Sao

Paulo because the state has sucha dense research infrastructurethe three state universities (USPUNESP and Unicamp) UnifespPUC and ITA Fapesp also has avery strong relationship with theUK including research councilswith Imperial College BirminghamUniversity and several othersrdquo

average 12 year-old American or anaverage 10-year-old Chinese childldquoFunctional illiteracy has notdropped in the last ten yearsrdquonotes Denis Mizne CEO of Lemann

Foundation ldquoIt should have naturallyimproved but it hasnrsquotrdquoTurning around decades of poor basicand high-school education will notbe easy but the enormous scope of

the governmentrsquos National Educa-tion Plan includes better preparingstudents for university and givingthem the right tools for the demandsof the job market

Education becomes apriority for Brazil

CentroPaulaSouzaSaoPaulo|PhotoGastaoGuedes

MackenziePresbyterianUniversity library

PhotoEduardoCesar

VIEWPOINT

The UK has overlooked Brazil for decades but isonce again realising the countryrsquos potential not justas a market for its goods and services but as a re-search partner A new initiative launched last yearlooks to strengthen the scientific bond between thetwo nations




Thefirstundergradu-atedistancecourseinBrazil

1995

A s d i s t r i b u

The rebirth ofdistance learning

Perhapsunsurprisinglygiventhedimen-sionsofthecountrythefastest-growingteachingmethodtodayinBrazilisdistancelearningUniqueintheflexibilityofitstime-tableanditsabilitytoreachthecountryrsquos

farthestcornerstheinternetcoupledwithgovernmentfundingschemeshavebroughtaboutadramaticsurgeinitspopularityTheBrazilianOpenUniversity(UAB)isatthecentreofthegrowthgatheringresources

frompublicuniversitiesacrossthecountryTheUABremitisto prioritiseteachertrain-ing which now accounts for over one thirdof all course applications removing learn-ing barriers for educators farthest from

physical institutionsFurthersupporthascomefromthegovernmentrsquosUniversityForAll(ProUni)programme offering low-incomefamiliesbetween50and100 percentfunding

fordistance-learningcoursesatprivateuniversitiesThe sectorrsquossubsequentexpansionhasseentheprivatesectoraggressivelypursuingthemarketagainbringingthechallengeofqualitytotheir

doorWithanaverage140studentsperteacherdistance educationproviders havetomonitortheircoursescloselyandpro- videa support networkto keepstudentsmotivatedandprofessorseffective

The landscape of Brazilrsquos non-profituniversitiesCOMPETITION In the face of growing competition from private universities Brazilrsquos public and non-profit higher education institutions are having to adapt to a new reality and their modernisation isbringing hitherto unthinkable opportunities to students from all backgrounds

Brazilrsquos richest city and state Sao Paulo is also home to its three strongest-performing stateuniversities but those behind USP UNESP and Unicamp are keenly aware of the challenges they face

Brazilrsquos higher education system may still bein its infancy compared to that of the UK orUSA but while there is currently no CambridgeOxford or Harvard equivalent internationalrespect for the countryrsquos public institutionscontinues to grow The University of Sao Paulo

(USP) consistently tops the national rankingsand last year climbed to just outside the top 50of the Times Education Supplementrsquos strongestuniversity reputations in the world Despitehaving felt a financial squeeze at the turn of thecentury the countryrsquos best public universitiesstill carry a cachet that makes them untouch-able in terms of academic research but nowmore than ever they need to find efficient waysof using it to impact on Brazilrsquos futureHowever the higher education landscape haschanged dramatically over the last two decadesSince 1996 a new federal law has paved the wayfor the current boom in for-profit universitiesand nearly three quarters of the 2416 highereducation institutions in Brazil today are pri-

vately owned Rather than feel threatened how-ever public and not-for-profit universities havebenefitted from this opening up of the nationaltalent pool An increase in scholarships to ra isestudent quotas from public schools has had thepositive knock-on effect of increased motivation

on campus stimulating both a competitiveand determined entrepreneurial streak amonga generation that values their education moredeeply than everldquoThis is the sort of thing that will change thiscountryrdquo says Marilza Vieira Cunha Rudgerector of Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)who adds that by 2018 the university aimsto have 50 percent of its students enteringfrom the public system ldquoPublic universities aremaintained with taxes that the whole popula-tion pay so it is our duty to give somethingback to the peoplerdquoBeyond the federal and state universities doz-ens of private and religious not-for-profit insti-tutions also enjoy strong reputations the latter

forming the educational foundations of thecountry reaching back to the nineteenth cen-tury Being church-run means t hey are affordedan independence to pursue specialisations aswell as being part of a ready-made internationalnetwork that make them an essential part of

the higher education make up Further agilityis enjoyed by those like the Getulio VargasFoundation (FGV) that have aligned them-selves with the strongest public universities asresearch hubs and dynamic think-tanks to servethe private and public sectors alike

Innovating for change in higher educationMODERNISATION Brazilrsquos most traditional universities are increasinglyaware of the need to modernise to compete with the private sector andinternational institutions alike

ldquoWe are engaging withnew technology toolsthat will allow us to lastanother 140 yearsrdquoMarcio de MoraesRector of UMESP

ldquoWe expect to expand from37 to 103 distance-learningcourses by the end of the yearrdquoLuciano Sathler Director of distance education andinnovation of UMESP

VIEWPOINTS

The Methodist Universityof Sao Paulo (UMESP) is aphilanthropic higher educa-tion institution in the statersquosindustrial heartland the ABCregion Already enjoying astrong reputation UMESP isnow ready to expand its reach

Ibero-Americancollaboration

Universiaistheworldrsquos largestnetworkofSpanishandPortuguese-speakinguniversitiesSponsoredbySantanderBankthemassive openonlinecourse(MOOC)compilescontentfrom 1345institutionsacross23 countriesmakingitavailabletoover 18millionhighereducationstudentsandteachersinabidto democratiseknowledgeandenhancesocialdevelopmentWith305universitiesBrazilhascomfortablythehighestnumberofinstitutionsunder theUniversiabannerandRiode Janeiroheldthe quadrennialinternationalmeeting ofUniversiarec-torslastyearAddressingthe changing

demandsofhighereducationand neweducationalmethodsthegrouprsquoslatepresidentEmilioBotinhighlightedtheneedfor internationalcollaborationtofindanswersto thesectorrsquoscomplexfutureBotinwhose daughternowpursueshisvisiondescribeddigitalintegrationasa ldquochallengeofthe high-estorder foruniversitiesrdquo

The boom in private universities has forced the tra-ditionally conservative and inert non-profit sector torevise their own structures and methods embracetechnology and open themselves up to greater inter-national collaboration The likes of USP and UMESPmay have built their reputations on pure research butcompetition and greater international participationby their students has asked searching questions ofeven the most revered institutionsldquoThese kids come back from abroad to somethingthey donrsquot recognise anymorerdquo says CNPq presidentHernan Chaimovich of the Science without Bordersprogramme ldquoThere they didnrsquot simply sit for eighthours a day listening to a teacher they had entirelydifferent experiences that showed they can work

better with fewer classes without their proactiv-ity being diminishedrdquo More than mere exchangesstronger international ties can act as a multiplier ofknowledge and resources and such links that areinvaluable to help sharpen the competitive edge ofnon-profit universitiesChange can sit uneasily in this conservative worldhowever and some professors are wary of new tech-

nology although Marcio de Moraes rector of U MESPbelieves this need not be the case ldquoTechnology is achallenge that should always be handled with agreat level of care What has helped us is the factthat we started offering distance classes in 2006Somehow this process demanded the professorslose their fear of technologyrdquoReligious education institutions like the MackenziePresbyterian University have also been reinvestingdeterminedly in their infrastru cture to keep up Mac-kenziersquos rector Benedito Neto may be in no doubt thatldquoonly a few private universities concern themselveswith qualityrdquo but while there is little threat in termsof reputation to the traditional universities theirmodern approaches nevertheless demand attention

ldquoThese kids come back fromabroad to something theydonrsquot recogniserdquoHernan ChaimovichPresident of CNPq

ldquoIt is our duty to givesomething back to thepeoplerdquoMarilza Vieira Cunha RudgeRector of UNESP

How do you harnesstechnology to benefitstudentsUNESP is a multi-campusuniversity with 34 centres

in 24 cities across thestate of Sao Paulo We canbring all those centres to-gether via videoconferenc-ing Through technologywe also can intensify theparticipation of research-ers overseas within ouruniversity with as littlecost as possible and this

is a key tool They can bein their lab and lecture stu-dents in our auditoriumsbringing their experienceto us at very little expenseWe also aim to invest indistance learning Technol-ogy allows a much greaternumber of students to lsquofitrsquointo one classroom

Marilza Vieira CunhaRudgeRector of UNESP

SAO PAULO STATErsquoS LEADING LIGHTS

Jorge TadeuRector of Unicamp

How does Unicamp remainrelevant You can only effectiv ely workwith new knowledge if youare paying attention to what

is happening around theworld Any university thatwants to be at the forefront ofknowledge must be presentthe world over We encourageour researchers profes-sors and students to seekpartnerships throughout theworld and grad students arealways pushed to conductpart of their research in othercountries

What links are there betweenthe university and industryThere are long-lasting part-nerships that have developedthroughout time of whichPetrobras is the strongest ex-ample We have had a centrededicated to oil research sincethe end of the 1980s built andfinanced by Petrobras

Marco Antonio ZagoRector of USP

Brazilrsquos richest andmost prestigious higherlearning institution theUniversity of Sao Paulo isthe countryrsquos seat of learn-

ing producing one quarterof its leading scientificpapers and welcomingstudents from all over theworld None of the nearly90000 students pay tui-tion fees but admission isstrictly via the notoriouslytaxing vestibular examWith campuses spreadthroughout the state andan annual budget of closeto R$5 billion recentfinancial difficulties haveshown that as well asadopting the private sec-torrsquos innovative approach-es in technology lessonsmust also be learnedfrom their managementstructures if it is to remainBrazilrsquos premier university

PhotoMaristela Caretta

UNESPstudentsarefirm believersintheuse ofmodern technology






MedicalstudentsatSao CamiloUniversityCentreSao Paulo

Internationalstudentsat PUC-SP

Interest in the UK Europe and Asia is on the risebut traditionally it has been to the United Statesthat the privileged few Brazilian students able tostudy overseas were drawn The governmentrsquos 2011Science without Borders programme increased thatflow dramatically but also widened it considerably inambition Having witnessed US President Obamarsquoscommitment to send 100000 US students to A siaBrazilrsquos President Rousseff pledged governmentfunds coupled with funding from the private sectorto provide 101000 young Brazilians with bursariesto study around the world between 2012 and 2015Crucially from the Brazilian perspective these re-turning students are now far more likely to returnto use their knowledge in the private rather than thepublic sphere marking a significant shift towardsdeveloping global partnerships Stressing the im-portance of internships the scheme emphasisedthe practical side of learning and the application

of knowledge and skills that Brazilrsquos more theory-focussed higher education still largely fails to deliverThe theory behind Science without Borders comeswith strong precedent Collaboration with the Mas-sachusetts Institute of Technology led directly to thedevelopment of national aviation company Embraerand the revolution in agriculture in the second halfof the last century was based on knowledge exchangewith US colleges

The current programmersquos most significant challengewas the language barrier While it was presumed thatthose most qualified to lead the programme wouldhave an adequate command of English practical evi-dence indicated the contrary The government had toquickly plug the gaps with free intensive languagecourses The planned wave of students overseasbecame a trickle and what had been proposed asthe very essence of President Rousseffrsquos transitiontowards a new and vibrant entrepreneurialism andknowledge exchange for Brazil was caught on a veryearly highly visible snagWith the issue now addressed however the ground-work has also been laid to help Brazilian un iversitiesrealise their ambitions of welcoming a greater num-ber of international students to their own lecturehalls and laboratories Increasingly aware of themerits of these global partnerships as multipliers ofknowledge resources and ultimately the scope of

their projects Brazil will also receive 1250 Britishresearchers and scholars on inbound fellowshipsThe second phase is ready to be unveiled withthese teething problems addressed As the processbeds in with the recent social inclusion laws foruniversities the opportunities for travel and thebroadening of horizons for less privileged studentsare as important as the links being forged betweenuniversities themselves

Brazilian health requirements have shifted dra-matically over the last hal f century Transmit-table diseases have been brought under controland life expectancy has risen substantially butthis in itself brings new challenges Today thebiggest strains on the health system come fromchronic degenerative diseases like cancer anddiabetes which require swift efficient treatmentndash and greater resources As Brazilrsquos health needs become more akin tothose of the UK and North America increasedinternational collaboration is beingsought to help fight disease Sao Pau-lorsquos Hospital Sirio-Libanes world-renowned for its cancer treatmentoperates a residency exchange withNew Yorkrsquos Sloan-Kettering Centrethat also plays an important con-sultancy and second-opinion role as

Brazilrsquos health sector comes to termswith its new realityIn a broader sense the government-run Fiocruz foundation has becomea major health think-tank and re-search centre fundamental to thenational immunisation programmeand central to the countryrsquos fightagainst AIDS Created in the imageof Francersquos Pasteur Foundation it isdedicated to tackling global issues aswell as Brazilrsquos own changing diseaseburden and the two are creating aninternational network of laborato-ries and research exchanges Focus-sing on the Amazon neuroscienceand bio-information it is a potentcoupling of two of the worldrsquos most

important institutions of their kindFurthermore diseases like Ebola and influenzainevitably require the kind of multilateral sup-port that Fiocruz is pursuing with the WorldHealth Organisation for the creation of an in-fluenza collaboration centre The foundationhas already been behind the creation of an in-ternational association of health institutes toconsolidate its work in research training andepidemic surveillance underlining its growingglobal importance in the field

Brazilrsquos health sector reachesout to the worldCOLLABORATION The new demands of a shifting population andstrategic planning for future health trends are prompting the Brazil-ian health sector to embark on an unprecedented wave of interna-tional collaboration

How important is international collabo-ration to FiocruzHealth is an especially complex chal-lenge in Brazil because we have a verylarge socially unequal population anduniversal public health Fiocruz wasborn in an international context andsince the beginning it has promoted

exchanges We have always worked forthe country but we have always beenpart of the international context in bothscience and health It is impossible tothink about scientific and technologicaldevelopment health and the productionbase to support it without working inconjunction with other countries No oneever considers innovating in isolation

How is Fiocruz helping Brazil advancein healthThe search for excellence in the inter-face between science technology andhealth is at the core of what we do andat an international level Fiocruz needsto be associated with whatrsquos new inBrazil Brazil produces a significantlevel of knowledge today but we arewell aware of how hard it is to convertthis knowledge into innovation Fiocruzbehaves like a strategic institution ofthe Brazilian state like a think-tank forthe health field

Paulo GadelhaPresident of Fiocruz

ldquoNo one ever considersinnovating in isolationrdquo

Global knowledge sharing drivesinternationalisation

INTERNATIONALISATION Recognising the importance of a more globalvision and cultural understanding for the countryrsquos students followingthe governmentrsquos Science without Borders programme Brazil now aimsto create strong international knowledge networks

Peter OrsquoDonnell President of Brasas

ldquoOur mission is tointegrate people in a globalenvironment through theEnglish languagerdquo

PERSPECTIVE

What impact did the Sciencewithout Borders programmehave on English language teach-ing in BrazilIt was a wakeup call for the Brazil-ian government to the need forhigher levels of English To getinto a British university you haveto have a level of English that al-lows you to understand lecturesanalyse criticise synthesiseand write academic papers I amnot sure that the government wasaware that only five percent of theBrazilian population has a goodcommand of English

Is there an immediate solutionFor quality English you needquality teachers Recentgraduates of the best Brazil-ian universities do not have thenecessary knowledge of Englishto work for us nor the neces-sary teaching practice There isa large gap between the theoryand the practice The govern-

ment is definitely thinking aboutthis need but unless there is aplan which goes from concept todetailed implementation it is notgoing to work

ldquoEducationdeserves moreattention from alllayers of societyrdquo

Lorraine de MatosGeneral manager of Cultura InglesaSao Paulo

People come back from Science withoutBorders saying ldquoI need to learn Eng-lishrdquo and telling other students to betterprepare themselves Our mission is tointegrate people in a global environmentthrough the English language There isno other language that can do that forpeople in Brazil There are no benefits

for English schools and no incentivesto grow and help everybody It dependsmore on the population recognising thatthey need English and finding a goodEnglish school to learn Brazilians needto invest their money wisely in educa-tion and not choose simply based onwhat the cheapest option is

Fiocruz andthe fightagainst HIV

ThroughitsINIinstitutionFiocruzisattheleadingedgeofresearchintothepreventionandtreatmentofHIVformingpartofthe HIVpreventiontrialsnetwork(HPTN)andAIDSclinicaltrialsgroupIts

highly-trainedand dedicatedmultidisci-plinaryteamhasperformedpivotaltrialsthatleddirectlytotheministryofhealthrsquoslsquoTestandTreatrsquostrategyas wellascriticalresearchinto pre-exposure prophylaxis

Photo Daniel Spalato

ldquoFiocruz occupies a veryspecial place between scienceand technology and healthrdquoPaulo Gadelha President of Fiocruz

1 The Moorish Pavilion or Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) MainBuilding in Rio de Janeiro | Photo Andre A z2 Fiocr uzrsquos laboratories have become a reference for health research |Photo Peter Ilicciev

1

2




1

2 3

4

5

PERSPECTIVES

Mackenzie is em-bracing grapheneresearch with a newdedicated centreand partnershipwith the Universityof Singapore

PUCrsquos longstandingrelationship withPetrobras has beencentral to realisingthe countryrsquos deep-sea oil explorationprogram

ldquoWe have solid scientificinstitutions and publishin respected journals Theproblem is the interfacewith industryrdquo

Luiz PinguelliDirector of Coppe

ldquoThanks to the partnershipwe are building anadvanced research centreon nanotechnology andnanomaterialsrdquo

Benedito Neto Rector of Mackenzie University

ldquoSixty percent of ourrevenue is directly fromresearch mostly linked withthe oil and gas sectorldquo

Josafa Carlos de Siqueira Rector of PUC Rio

Coppetec is theentity designedto help Coppenegotiate moreeffectively with theprivate sector

Bridging the gap betweenlaboratories and industryINDUSTRY The distance between academic research and the productive sector has traditionally beengreat but tools are gradually being introduced to help bring the two closer together

Pure academic research may be confined tolaboratories but the product of that labourinevitably needs to find its way to the produc-tive sector in order to bear economic fruitThis relationship has not always been an easy

one but it is finally being tackled not onlyby universities but government agencies tooOne example of the new links being forged be-tween academia and industry is the researchpartnership between the Alberto Luiz Coim-bra Institute for Graduate Studies and Re-search in Engineering or Coppe with state oil

company Petrobras In its dozens of gleamingnew labs projects with companies like Shelland OAS are showing the way forward Part ofa growing trend among Brazilian u niversitieslike Unesp is the creation of innovation agen-

cies that are showing that research is final lyproving profitable Meanwhile Sao PaulorsquosMackenzie university is investing in a brandnew centre in the city dedicated to grapheneIn conjunction with the University of Singa-pore the potential of the miracle material tochange the future of electronics has made it

the focus of huge investment and a new styleof inter-university partnershipUnicamprsquos own agency has provided the toolsto allow innovation to thrive and 15 percent ofpatents registered in Brazil today come from

the Campinas-based university As the city hasdeveloped into a Brazilian version of Silicon Valley the university has taken up t he role ofnurturing start-ups acting as something of anincubator and in turn attracting multinationalskeen to keep a close watch on the regionThat a university leads the way shows t he reluc-

tance of Brazilrsquos productive sector to investin innovation as a result of the countryrsquosinfamous bureaucracy often rendering pat-ents obsolete before having a chance to befully developed It is an issue that has ledCoppe to create Coppetec and Embrapato create Embrapatec These entities actas a bridge to and facilitate the signing ofcontracts with the productivesector in Brazil and overseaswith the speed that successdemands That added ef-ficiency allows Coppe andby extension the RioFederal Universityto concentrate onresearch and in-

novation andbrings a previ-ously unattain-able fluidity towhat had beenan uneasy rela-tionship

The National Councilfor Scientific andTechnological Develop-ment (CNPq) is helpingthe productive sectorbecome competitive ona world stage

ldquoWe have to askthe private sector

what it needsso that itsdemands and

our researchmission arealignedrdquo

Hernan ChaimovichPresident of CNPq

VIEWPOINT

Research investmentbrings concrete results TheamountthatBraziliancompa-

niesinvestedinresearchanddevel-opmentlastyear

Withthe helpof internationalcom-paniesBrazilis witnessingstronggrowthin thenumberof patentsbeingfiledeach yearindicating ahealthyresearchenvironment

Theproportionof thoseinvestmentscur rentlyspentonproduct innovation

Thepredictedlevelof investmentsgoingtobespenton servicesin-novationinten yearsrsquotime

TheaveragenumberofpatentrequestsperyearinBrazilAround10percentareusuallygranted

US$265 billion 52 62 26000

1Laboratoriesat UMESP2Researchat Unicamp3Unicamplaboratory4Investigationat Unifesp|Photo AllineTosha5Unicampclassroom




Theamountinvestedby BrazilrsquosCouncilfor ScientificandTech-nologicalDevelopmenttohelpmoveresearchersintocompanies

Taking the risk out of innovating

UFABCcampusinSantoAndre|PhotoAArnoldiGranBiowasthe firstcompanyto producesecond-generationethanolin thesouthernhemisphere

GranBiosugarcanestrawcollection

A s d i s t r i b u

Responding toclimate change

PROFILE

Aclear indicationofEmbraparsquosdesireto alignwiththe countryrsquosuniversitiesisa pioneeringpartnershipwithUnicampin responsetothechangingenvironmentalrealityin Brazilandaroundtheworld Thecooperationagreementiscentredaround geneticandbiotechresearchintodevelopingcropsbetter suitedtothechangingclimateCreatinggeneticallymodi-

fiedstrainsmore resistanttopests aswell asextremeweatherandpredictingthe challengesthatchangingclimatepatternswill bringareessentialtopreventingfuturefood crisesAswellas involvingupto80 scientistsUnicampstudentswillbe encouragedtoexperimentinthesearchfor newproductsthat couldshapethefuturefoodneedsofthecountry

Investmentin innovation

The Brazilian Funding Authority for Studiesand Projects (Finep) is leading the effort toincrease innovation and competition in busi-ness Its funding has provided much-neededsupport to small companies investing in the

growth of science and technologyldquoThe idea that we can grow by sacrificingsalaries or quality is deadly but sadly it liveson in Brazilrsquos business environmentrdquo saysformer president of Finep Glaucio Arbix The

authorityrsquos budget may have ballooned fromR$2 billion a year in 2010 to R$11 billion in2014 but it isnrsquot just about the sums involvedndash the timeframe for loan approval has tumbledfrom 450 days to less than 30

Theproportionof researchinvest-mentcarriedoutbytheprivatesectorinSaoPaulondash theonlystateinBrazilwherethisexceedsthe publicsector

60 R$60 million

Embraparsquos innovation in agricul-ture is one of Brazilrsquos greatest

success stories helping it be-come one of the worldrsquos biggestfood producers

How well does Embrapa interactwith industryOur goal is to create synergieswith the sector not competewith it The impact of ourcultivars has traditionally beengreat because industry was notready but now companies havecome to Brazil and started in-vesting creating jobs bringingnew technology and investingin innovation

What is the next step for Brazil-ian agricultureWe are gradually moving from aneconomic impact rationale to thethree dimensions of sustain-ability The economic impactis important because withoutprofits and revenues agriculturewill not move forward but wecannot forget the social and en-vironmental side We now haveto plan the next revolution theverticalisation of production

How do you see EmbraparsquosfutureInnovation increasingly dependson basic knowledge and wewant to get closer to universitiesbecause this represents an op-

portunity for Embrapa to expandits knowledge base Syntheticbiology for example will cer-tainly cause ruptures When theUK can produce a steak in a petridish we need to think what thatmeans for a country with 200million head of cattle When willthat rupture happen This waywe are preparing for it

Mauricio LopesPresident of Embrapa

Photo Orlando Brito

For every 1000 researchers employed in Brazilrsquosproductive sector only five patents are registeredper year compared with 29 in the UK and 41 in theUS While some areas of Brazilian industry haveseen innovation flourish the disparity between sci-entific knowledge and its benefit to the populationis great Pre-salt oil exploration soy developmentand the agricultural boom aside for the most partthe venture capital hasnrsquot been as available in Brazilas it has in the US and EuropeOver the last decade government agencies have hadto fill this gap The Financing Agency for Studiesand Projects (Finep) is setting out to do for Brazi l-ian innovation what BNDES did for t he countryrsquos

infrastructure providing much-needed fundingthat has already amounted to the accumulationof some R$15 billion in assets It is now the fifth-largest state-controlled lender in the country dis-cussed in the same breath as Ba nco do Brasil andCAIXA and destined to become an autonomousnational innovation agencyThe small dynamic companies it seeks to supportremain relatively few in number but are gradually

emerging Fineprsquos budget ballooned from R$2 bil-lion in 2010 to R$11 billion last year all destinedto stimulate tech and start-up firms Its fundingapplication process timeframe also tumbled from450 days to just 30 proving immeasurably moreattractive to those needing to stay at the cuttingedge of innovationThe Sao Paulo Research Foundation ( Fapesp) hasalso been providing stimulus through its Innova-tion Research Into Small Companies (PIPE) grantsfor research that small companies would otherwisenot afford At the other end of the s cale Fapesp hasalso been involved in multi-million dollar joint ventures with the likes of Gla xoSmithKline and

Natura in the fields of sustainable chemistry andwellbeing respectively Like CNPq the overarch-ing goal of all of these entities is to create condi-tions for research that will bring significant socialand economic impact on the country Events likeFapesp Week in London are helping Brazil enterinto international debates on research and theglobal science community is taking ever more no-tice of the priority it is being afforded

INNOVATION When innovation is unattractive to industry it cannotthrive but through grants and agencies the government is creating theconditions to allow risks to be taken

The Financing Agency for Studies andProjects (Finep) is setting out to do forBrazilian innovation what BNDES didfor the countryrsquos infrastructure

GranBio GranBio is the pioneering Brazil-ian biotech company behinda green revolution looking totransform the countryrsquos abun-dant biomass into renewableenergy and biochemicals Twoyears after its creation in 2011GranBio was already beingnamed among the most innova-tive companies on the continentboth in terms of its product andits structureBiofuels already account fornearly 20 percent of Brazilrsquosenergy make-up and GranBiohas seized upon the potential forconverting cellulose into sugarand then into lsquosecond genera-tionrsquo ethanol The companyrsquos

CEO Bernardo Gradin expectsthe process to bring about a50 percent increase in ethanolproduction without the need formore planting of sugarcaneFollowing experimental plantingin Bahia GranBio announcedthe start of operations at itsUS$265m second-generation

ethanol plant in Alagoas stateat the end of last year Thefirst of its kind in the southernhemisphere its construction is amajor step on the road to Brazilrealizing its huge biomass en-ergy potential Brazilian farmerssought to grow the cane that pro-duced the most sugar rather thanthe most cellulose but GranBiorsquosnew lsquoenergy canersquo harnesses thecountryrsquos impressive photosyn-thetic efficiency to yield threetimes as much biomassBNDES invested in the firstGranBio plant and is a minoritystakeholder while a partnershipwith Rhodia part of BelgiumrsquosSolvay group is already in place

for the production of N-butanolbut the future is even brighterBy controlling the produc-tion chain from start to finishGradinrsquos goal of creating biofuelcompetitive with hydrocarbonscould revolutionise the energymix not just in Brazil but aroundthe world

The Federal University of ABC(UFABC)President Lula may have drawn much of his power base from the unions herepresented in local industry but in the creation of the ABC regionrsquos FederalUniversity he has paid back that loyalty Shaking off the image of closed-offlaboratories conservative approaches and reluctance to change UFABC is prov-ing the shining example of what public higher education in Brazil can become

Deep in Sao Paulo state the ABC regionhas been an industrial powerhousefor decades The home of Brazilrsquos carmanufacturing industry the creation ofthe countryrsquos newest federal universityin 2004 brought the towns of SantoAndre and latterly Sao Bernardo doCampo onto the worldrsquos higher educa-tion stage The only university in Brazilwhere all of the professors hold PhDsit is also the only one whose scientificpublications have an impact factorabove the world averageUFABC has been a pioneer in socialinclusion on its campus too settingaside 50 percent of its places to mi-norities before this became a legal re-quirement and showing that diversityand excellence can go hand in handNow it is seeking to further develop itsrelationship with local industry notjust through research partnerships butinternships and ultimately by hiringworld-class graduatesIts ambition is not confined to this

corner of the state however In the lastfew years Folha has recognised itsefforts at internationalisation placingit number one in their rankings thanksin no small part to its active participa-tion in the Science without Bordersprogramme Beyond that howeverthere is a commitment to reinvesting inthe structure and staff making fundsavailable to send students and profes-sors on international congresses andtraining coursesIn UFABC the government has shownthat federal universities can be theprogressive institutions that the coun-try needs them to be embr acing inclu-sion and local industry at home whilstreaching overseas to share knowledgeand experience

How important is innovation to the futureof UFABCWe encourage our professors to filepatents and we have a unit dedicated toinventors and innovators We are alreadyseeking private sector partnership forseveral patents because it is somethingthat we believe in and that companies arestarting to see the benefit of too

What is UFABCrsquos approach to internation-alisationWe have an entire unit dedicated to inter-national relations and we actively encour-age our professors to seek internationalpartnerships A substantial portion ofour resources are used to enable ourstudents and professors to participatein international congresses more thanmost universities and we invest greatlyin the training of our technical staff forinternational relations

CASE STUDY

Dr Klaus CapelleRector of ABC FederalUniversity (UFABC)

ldquoThe spirit of the companymixes the magic of innova-tion with the discipline ofentrepreneursrdquo

Bernardo GradinCEO of GranBio Investimentos SA

UFABC is the only universityin Brazil where all of theprofessors hold PhDs





119100

132 145

169

251

Beforeenrolment

1st year 2nd year 3rd year End o f co ur se 4 ye ar s a ft er gr ad ua tio n

IMPACT OF HIGHER EDUCATION ON STUDENT INCOME

Increase in reported income

Source Employmentsurvey2013 Provokers (Kroton Ex-Anhanguera)

Distance-learningstudentsatEstacio

In 1968 in a bid to modernise Brazilrsquos rigid modesthigher education sector the government issued amuch-needed reform of universities to ease the processof inaugurating new courses There was an implicitunderstanding that without private sector invest-ment a crisis in the populationrsquos educational devel-opment was inevitable Throughout the next decadelarge private groups like Uniban and Estacio emergedonto the market but even so in the 1980s enrolmentinto university didnrsquot even keep pace with populat iongrowth and the burden of the past remainedIt was ony in the mid-1990s when the law was liber-alised to allow privateentities to profit fromeducation for the firsttime that the democ-ratisation and privati-sation process of thesector began Therefollowed the provisionof grants and bursa-ries that saw increasingplaces and interest fromprivate investors Asmoney flooded the sec-tor it was suddenly ableto innovate react to thechanges in technologyin a way that publicuniversities could onlydream of and as ac-quisitions and mergersconsolidated the sector

yet further from 2007 bring an enti rely new economyof scale to higher educationThese new universities saw the traditional in stitu-tions as bloated and inefficient overly focussed onresearch and out of step with the demands of the21st century In response private universities wereaccused of prioritising quantity over quality butwhile the sudden mixture of backgrounds and abili-ties has proved challenging there is a clear patterntowards a greater diversity of graduates entering the job market better prepared than ever before and thatcan only benefit Brazil

Today more than 2000 private institutionsrepresent around 75 percent of Brazilrsquos univer-sity places but while there is arguably roomfor more consolidation a period of reassess-ment has followed the initial flurry of activityEarlier this year the tightening of the rulesfor students to qualify for the governmentFIES student loans programme has alteredthe future landscape for private universitiesThe introduction of a minimum score in thecompulsory Enem test will have a major impacton the numbers of students receiving help toattend fee-paying universities As ever though t he sector has r espondedquickly and Kroton is already looking intocreating its own private funding schemedisplaying clearly the sectorrsquosstrength With private universi-ties taking a more methodicalapproach to higher educationand preparing students forthe jobs market technology istheir ally Management toolsare being deployed to measureteachers and students alikein everything from over andunder-performing courses tosalary trends for graduatesFor students clearly seeing thecorrelation between receivinga loan studying and the salaryand career path they are likelyto then follow after graduating

this offers a future many never thought theycould achieveThis ties in with a revolution in the teaching-learning process which is increasing the rel-evance of the new institutions and to someextent alienating the old Companies likeGeekie can offer educational platforms thatwill bring more relevance and greater engage-ment for students The deeply-filled shelves offederal university libraries are no longer thegrand source of knowledge they once were andwhether through distance learning or in labora-tories above all it is the private institutions thathave the necessary fluidity to rapidly assimilateand in many cases create these new platforms

Rogerio Melzi is the CEO of EstacioParticipacoes one of Brazilrsquos largest

higher education institutions Oper-ating across 20 states it deploys aunique blend of management toolsand international collaboration toget the best from both its studentsand teachers

How healthy is Brazilrsquos higher educa-tion sector todayWe jumped from around one millionuniversity students in 1999 to morethan seven million today Itrsquos aclear improvement and it is largelythanks to the private sector whichaccounts for around 75 percent ofuniversity students This in turn hasattracted entrepreneurs who haveeither created new universities orexpanded old ones greatly increas-ing supply The problem is that whilethe number of places has increased

the quality hasnrsquot and we cannotwait to address that

How do public and private universi-ties complement each otherPublic universities have a veryimportant function and it is theywho will be pushing the bounda-ries of science and who have to beour Oxfords and Cambridges Theyreceive a lot of investment and onaverage our most important engi-neers and the CEOs of the countryrsquoslargest companies have studied inthem The Brazilian pyramid has alarge middle however and someoneneeds to take care of these millionsof Brazilians those with high schooldiplomas but no college diplomasPublic universities will not do thatbecause it would be extremelyexpensive and they do not have thenecessary skills We do

How innovative is the universityInnovation has been in Estaciorsquos

DNA ever since its inception and itwas here that the idea of bringinghigher education to the underprivi-leged was born of having campusesin poor areas of having classeslate at night and during t he summerrecess We had 8000 teachers in20 states acting independently andnow we have a knowledge manage-ment system where each class hasbeen discussed at length and stand-ardised as well as learning analyt-ics giving us valuable information onour studentsrsquo performance

Kroton Educacional becamethe worldrsquos largest edu-

cational company when itmerged with Anhanguera in2014 CEO Rodrigo Galindohas devoted his careerto managing educationalinstitutions and sees thecurrent growth in the privateeducation sector as criticalto the future success ofthe country

Is the idea that the privatesector seeks profits overperformance a thing ofthe pastNo but it is much lessprevalent than it was Whenwe established the firstcommercial department of ahigher education institu-tion it was considered a

sin to lsquocommercialisersquo theservice we provided but lit-

tle by little we broke downthose barriers

What needs to be done tochange perceptions aboutprivate sector participationin the education sectorPrivate universities need torespond with high-qualityeducation and show societythat they are part of the solu-tion rather than the prob-lem It is unrealistic to expectan increase in penetrationpurely through a public sys-tem Studies show that thosestudents cost between sevento 10 times more than privateones so the training of themasses cannot take placethrough the public sector

Rogerio MelziCEO of Estacio Participacoes

Rodrigo GalindoCEO of Kroton

ldquoYou canrsquot worry aboutyour competitor Youhave to worry about yourcompetitivenessrdquo

Gabriel Mario RodriguesPresident of ABMES

The sheer demandwould render suchgrowth impossibleif left to the publicsector

ldquoWe donrsquot targetnumbers we targetqualityrdquoEda CoutinhoPresident of IESB

PERSPECTIVE PERSPECTIVE

Professor Rodrigues has been a pioneeringfigure in Brazilian higher education since the1960s Recognising the value in vocationalsubjects long before they were fashionable heintroduced non-traditional courses like tour-ism and fashion but always dreamt of creating

the worldrsquos biggest university Going on tooversee the merger of Kroton and Anhanguerain 2013 which brought together two of the big-gest education groups in the country he didjust that creating the worldrsquos largest for-profiteducation company by market capitalisation

Since Eda Coutinho founded Brasiliarsquos IESB Universi-ty in 1998 she has ensured the institution continuesto espouse the key ideals of innovation and citizen-ship in its teaching philosophy Now comprising threecampuses and some 18000 students this younguniversity has built a reputation based on quality

The agility of the private sector is likely to create an unrecognisablefuture for the mass education of Brazilrsquos youth over the next decade

Technology flexibility and the futureof higher education

The rise of private universitiesPRIVATE SECTOR The long-running argument over private sector involve-ment in higher education is slowly dying out as the new breed of univer-sities brings education to Brazilrsquos demanding masses for the first time

The sharp rise in universityplaces over the last quarterof a century has largely beenthanks to the private sectorbut the argument that thisrepresents opportunisticprofiteering is only nowbeing put to rest The higher

education mass market isbuoyant and though thewave of acquisitions hasrung alarm bells the sheerdemand ndash and its imme-diacy ndash would render suchgrowth impossible if left tothe public sector Scale wasalways the governmentrsquos ma-or stumbling block but thiss university education for

the masses Consolidationhas meant profits but alsoprivate-sector efficiencyand competition will alwaysbe strong enough to meanthat companies like Krotonand Estacio will have topump money back into theirstructures in order to buildthe reputations they crave

Education versus profit

According to research carried out on be halfof Kroton the number of years spent in higher

education has a marked impact upon theincome of students in Brazil

Photo Liz Guimaratildees




INDUSTRY VOICES


SENAIrsquosfloatingschoolandaSENACschooltruck

A s d i s t r i b u

SERVICESECTOR

Asthe servicesectoroccupiesanevermoreimportantrolein Brazilrsquoseconomyitsefficiencyandefficacyis broughteverfurtherintothe spotlightWithproductiv-itycurrentlystandingatone-fifththat oftheUS anda quarterofGermanythereisplentyofgroundto bemadeup butthereissimplyno short-termsolutionThisispartof atrendthat hasbecomeembeddedinthe workforcebut thegovernmentisinvestingin itspermanentremovalTheriseofa consumerclasshasputfurtherpressureonthe servicesectorwhichneedsgreaterreinvestmentandinnovationto keepupSENAChasprovidedacruciallifelineusingthegovernment-fundedPronatecinitiativetodoublethe numberofcourseson offerandrespondmuchmorecloselyto thedemandsofindustryAsnew technologiesbringevermoreacute nichestothe globalisedeconomyanddemandever-greaterproduc-tivitySENAChasa centralroleintrainingBraziliansnot justto bea partof thesectorrsquosfuturebutto shapeit

INDUSTRY

ThehugegapinproductivitylevelsbetweenBrazil andcountries liketheUSandUKis atacriticalstageWithnewtechnology floodingthe markettraininghasneverbeenmorecrucialbutonlysixpercentofyoungBrazil-ianselect tostudy technicalcoursescomparedtoanaverageof50percentinmore developedcountrieslike JapanandGermanyIn responseSENAIintroducedthe InnovationNetwork in2014and hasalreadypassed R$100millionin investmentsin innovation-ledprojectsIthasdedicatedafurtherR$300million toa competitivenessinitiativeitselffurther bolsteredbyR$15billionfromBNDEStobespentonnewtechnologyinstitutesaswellasnewschools

Photos SENAI

A study from the Institute of Ap-plied Economic Research (IPEA)shows that despite soaringwages Brazilrsquos productivity hasdropped by 15 percent during thelast 30 years Meanwhile in thatsame period Chilersquos productivityhas increased by 88 percent andChinarsquos a massive 808 percentThe economic impact on Brazil ofthis disparity is disastrous andthe government now has to over-come a severe human resourcesburden inherited from the end ofthe last century Fundamental tothat will be the performance ofthe growing service sector whichthe country needs to be both

strong and innovative to helpprop up declining manufactureTo some extent the tools to doso are already in place Brazilrsquosso-called S-System is the largestconsolidated professional train-ng network on the continent

Arranged by sector and fundedvia a tax levied directly on com-panies it offers both profes-sional advancement training andcourses for those out of work Thechallenge now is adapting thisnetwork created in the 1940s tothe demands of the 21st centuryThe National Service for Com-mercial Apprenticeship (SENAC)operates in the commerce andservices sector Created in 1946t has since trained over 40

million workers and helped turnthe service industry into a well-respected and skilled professionCombining distance and on-sitelearning SENAC is making a na-tionwide push for standards to beequal in all states and to diminishregional inequality even usingmobile classrooms to bring itscommerce-facing coursesto the massesldquoOur programme combines theoryand practice and the knowledgevalues and skills are focusedon problem solving so theresnrsquot much difference between

the classroom and the practicalsiderdquo says SENAC director gen-eral Sidney CunhaCreated four years earlier theNational Service for IndustrialApprenticeship (SENAI) played a

crucial role during the 1980s asthe Brazilian economy strug-gled to come to terms with newtechnology To build on thesestrong foundations In 2011 thegovernment introduced Pronateca multi billion-dollar investmentto help the S-System reach yetfurther into Brazilrsquos hinterlandsAs for the urban centres SaoPaulorsquos Centro Paula Souza hasreceived significant governmentfunding to support the lsquoFastTrack to Workrsquo programme Thistrained 90000 people last yearalone and also offers an array offree courses open to anyone whopasses the rigorous entry exams

Coupled with FIES for universityapplicants it represents anotherlarge step in the governmentrsquosdemocratisation of education

ldquoOur programmecombines theoryand practicerdquo

Sidney CunhaDirector general of SENAC

Professional development andthe surge in vocational training

VOCATIONAL EDUCATION As the Brazilian service sector expandsa precarious drop in the countryrsquos productivity has forced the gov-ernment to invest billions in vocational training

Brazilrsquos National Insurance Schoolwas founded in 1971 to encourageresearch into the industry Todayits role has expanded producingessential statistics with interna-tional partners on subjects rangingfrom road accidents to climatechange so that more sophisticatedproducts can be offered to minimisethe lsquoBrazil riskrsquo

What has changed in the insurancemarket in recent years

The rise of a middle class in turnleveraged the insurance industryWhen families have stable jobs andhigher incomes they start planningbetter which stimulates long-termsavings life insurance and privatepension plans

How has the schoolrsquos role changedWe have to play the role of providinginformation for the market andinvestors as a whole so they canevaluate it effectively We wantthe school to serve as an informa-tion centre

Are there enough trained profes-sionals to sustain the sectorrsquosgrowthThe Brazilian market has greatprofessionals The only reason weare lacking is because of the rapidexpansion of the market and the ef-fects of under-investment in humanresources at a time when growthwas much lower

ldquoI believe that schoolsshould help students find aplace in the marketrdquo

Robert Bittar President of the Escola Nacionalde Seguros

Photos Gastao Guedes-Centro PaulaSouza SENAC FMU

Rafael Lucchesi Education and technologydirector of SENAI


ldquoThe government establishedPronatec and the number ofstudents in vocational educa-tion has since doubled reachinga strata of the population thatcould not afford itrdquo

ldquoThere needs to be a balance inour education matrix increasingthe number of students takingprofessional education currentlyat less than 8 percentrdquo

ldquoProfessional educationis intrinsically linked toemployability especially inthe more specific technicaleducation slotrdquo

ldquoTechnical andtechnological training hasgained ground becausethe market is increasingly valuing these professionsrdquo

Unlocking the hinterlands

For federal education programmes toserve the entire country innovativesolutions are required And with pre-viously overlooked unimaginably re-mote regions in the Amazon and thePantanal this continent-sized coun-try needs out-of-the-box thinking toavoid educational blind spots EnterSENACrsquos 78 carretas-escolas Liter-ally translated as lsquoschool trucksrsquothese mobile classrooms offer cut-ting-edge laboratory conditions on-line computer suites and audiovisualequipment within a 36-metre-square

space to bring courses in IT healthtourism and even wellbeing to thefarthest corners of the co untry LikeSENAC SENAI also has a two-storeybalsa-escola or floating school thatserves communities along the Ama-zon River The boat offers co urses asdiverse as bakery and mechanicsbringing new skill sets to a popula-tion for whom vocational trainingand the opportunities it brings wouldhave previously been impossible SE-NAIrsquos itinerant professional tr aininghas certified over 50000 students

from riverside villages helping to el-evate the wages and living standardsof many more





BRAZIL

GREATERSAOPAULO

gt FOCUS ON SAO PAULO

STATEOFSAOPAULO

A s d i s t r i b u

Postdoc and young investigators

opportunities in BrazilSAtildeOPAULORESEARCHFOUNDATION

Fifty percent of all science created in Brazil is produced in the State of Satildeo Paulo The statehosts three of the most important Latin American universities Universidade de Satildeo Paulo(USP) Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) and Universidade Estadual Paulista(UNESP) Other universities and 19 research inst itutes are also located in Satildeo Paulo

The Satildeo Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) one of the leading Brazilian agenciesdedicated to the support of research has ongoing programs and support mechanismsto bring researchers from abroad to centres of excellence in Satildeo Paulo

The Young Investigators Awards program is part of FAPESPrsquos strategy to st rengthen

the statersquos research institutions favouring the creation of new research groups See moreabout it at wwwfapespbrenyia

FAPESP Post-Doctoral Fellowship is aimed at distinguished researchers with a recentdoctorate degree and a successful research track record

The fellowship enables the development of research within higher education and researchinstitutions in Satildeo Paulo Postdoc fellowships are available when calls for applicationsare issued internationally or as individual fellowships requested on demand

In the first case positions are advertised at ww wfapespbroportunidades and candidatesare selected through international competition In the second the proposal must representan addition to a pre-existent research group and should be developed in associationwith faculty in higher education and research institutions in Satildeo Paulo More informationat wwwfapespbrenpostdoc

Rua P io X I 1500 bull A l to da Lapa bull 05468 -901 bull S atilde o P a u l o S P ndash B r a z i l bull P hone +55 -11 -3838 -4224

wwwfapespbren

Sao Paulo statersquos contribution to the economicmap of Brazil is phenomenal Representing al-most 40 percent of the countryrsquos GDP it has anoutput equal to Switzerland and the weight ofthe nation on its shoulders but it has also beenunderperforming The focus now is on support-ing previously overlooked mid-sized companiesto uncover the star of tomorrow Hopes are highthat Sao Paulo can create a Facebook or Googleof its own to underscore its efforts in boostingentrepreneurial creativityThe explosion of investments over the last dec-ade in vocational training the creation of majornew institutions like UFABC and the rise in

distance learning have all helped decentralisedthe knowledge base from the main metropolisToday smaller companies are just as likely tolook to the interior of the state where there isan increasingly skilled workforce improvinginfrastructure and world-class logisticsThe vital interplay between research private investment and government support is becomingeasier thanks to its prioritisation by agencieslike Fapesp and Investe Sao Paulo The lattercreated in 2008 is responsible for facilitatinginvestments in the state and helping boost ex-ports ldquoSao Paulo represents the best of Brazil interms of technological innovation and products

with aggregated valuerdquo says Juan Quiros presidentof Investe Sao Paulo ldquobut efficiency needs to im-prove We need not look at the future of Brazil butbuild the presentrdquoTo that end under the statersquos present governorGerardo Alckmin investment in the Sao PauloTechnology Faculty (FATEC) has boosted the num-

ber of units throughout the state from 16 in 2004to 63 today State investment in its headquartersthe Centro Paula Souza also rocketed from R$252million to R$18 billion in that sa me period allow-ing these FATECs to offer broad as well as nichecourses focussed on the marketrsquos needsThe rise in student numbers is in sharp contrastto the prevailing opinion that such courses are nolonger relevant to students ldquoRegular education

doesnrsquot motivate them They needtraining that is relevant to theirreality that is organised safe andconnectedrdquo says Laura Lagana di-rector of the Centro Paula SouzaldquoSince we have more students thanseats candidates have to be select-ed so they have to study to get inIf they have to study it means theyreally want itrdquoThe state also helped fund the cen-trersquos schools in two of the poorestsuburbs in the city of Sao PauloHeliopolis and Paraisopolis as wellas creating the NeitherNor initia-tive to give training opportunitiesto underprivileged and vulnerable

youth Offered basic courses in tourism cultureroad safety and first aid they have the opportunityto become lsquomunicipal coordinatorsrsquo under the em-ployment of the state It is progressive measures likethese that underpin a concerted effort to reach SaoPaulorsquos huge and varied demographic

ldquoSao Paulo spends 16percent of its GDP on re-search the same as someEuropean countriesrdquoCelso LaferPresident of FAPESP Sao Paulo Land of innovation

Fernando HaddadMayor of Sao Paulo

Under Governor Alckmin the num-ber of technical schools (FATECsand ETECs) in the state of S aoPaulo has seen rapid growth overthe last decade The Centro PaulaSouza is at the heart of thesemassive investments offeringflexible free courses to a varieddemographic

What is the role of the Centro PaulaSouza in the development ofthe stateOur main goal is professional train-ing which we do at on all levelsfrom basic training to secondaryschools and higher education Ata higher-education level we haveour quick courses called lsquoinitialand continuous trainingrsquo and 100and 200-hour courses which are

in high demand Our schools offercourses that are very much in-linewith the job market

How popular is this kind of voca-tional trainingSao Paulo state has the largestnetwork of technical schools in thecountry The secretary of economicdevelopment science technol-ogy and innovation hired us for aninitiative called Via Rapida para oEmprego (Fast Track to Work) andin 2014 alone we trained around90000 people in different areasthanks to our mobile labs Both thefederal and the state governmentshave been investing in it heavilyand there has been great demand

Who is your demographic and how

successful are your studentsWe train everybody from con-struction workers to automationspecialists At night people comewho have finished high school andwho work during the day They comehere and after 18 months to twoyears they leave with a profession-al degree Thirty-seven Paula Souzaschools were among the top fiftyinstitutions in Brazil for the nationalsecondary entrance exam (Enem)Our image is built on such re-sults as well as the fact that ourstudents go straight into the jobmarket easily

Laura LaganaDirector of Centro Paula Souza

ldquoSao Paulo wasalways a leaderand will be againbecause therersquosno parallel to theeconomic strength

of this cityrdquo

VIEWPOINT

The state is investing heavily in training and logistics to create the southern hemispherersquos newestbreeding ground for technological start-ups In this new fertile environment small and mid-sizedcompanies look set to flourish

Investors talking with Governor Alckmin Juan Quiroz from Investe Sao Paulo andVice Governor Marcio Franca | Photo Eliana Rodrigues

Faria Lima Avenue in Sao Paulo | Photo Jose CordeiroSPTuris

Located in Brazilrsquos south-east the state of Sao Paulothe countryrsquos most populous is divided into 15 admin-istrative regions of which the metropolitan region ofSao Paulo is its most economically important The statecurrently has 218 ETECs (state vocational colleges) and 63FATECs (state technological colleges)





BRAZIL

GREATERSAO PAULO

GREATERABC REGION

gt FOCUS ON GREATER ABC REGION

PERSPECTIVES

A s d i s t r i b u

Sao Bernardo from the air

through one overarching strategy representing allof its members The mayor of Sao Bernardo LuizMarinho has long held positions of influence inthe local unions but t hrough his presidency of theconsortium in 2013-2014 and still now throughhis vice-presidency he helped align the Greater ABCrsquos ambitions with those of the federal govern-ment ldquoMy main focus is always Sao Bernardordquo saysMarinho ldquobut I also have the job of leading com-munications not only between the other mayorsin the region but also with the state and federalgovernments The goal is to produce a regionalstrategy not several city strategiesrdquoThe potential of a skilled workforce and burgeon-ing research partnerships is largely tha nks to thecontinuing growth in the number of FATECs andthe impressive new UFABC university Their pres-

ence has paved the way for the arrival of companieslike Saab currently building a R$150 million plantin which the Swedish company will piece togetherBrazilrsquos 36 new Gripen fighter planes Other compa-nies such as Germanyrsquos robotics giant Kuka havebeen enticed away from metropolitan areas by the ABCrsquos impressive differentialsSuch arrivals have also given an added impetus toreinvestment in private universities like the MauaInstitute of Technology The Sao Caetano campus

will get a R$15 million facelift in the form of newlaboratories for courses including engineering mi-crobiology and biochemical engineeringThere are limits to the regionrsquos autonomous ambi-tions however and while the municipalities canapply for loans from BNDES the consortium as awhole cannot But if an investment does not fit onemunicipality the fact that each one follows its own vocation means that there is invariably another closebehind ready to pick up the negotiations Withcompanies like Mercedes Benz investing millionsto update their existing operations rather than lookelsewhere it gives the green light for others to followThe ABCrsquos infrastructural development also addsto a growing regional mobility that has dove-tailed with the governmentrsquos push to open up the

lsquoeconomy of the in-

teriorrsquo The revamp-ing of regional air-ports and emphasison a better-trainedworkforce is broad-ening and strength-ening Sao Paulorsquoseconomic base andthat of the countryas a whole

TheABCrsquos ambitioustargetofmovingfromBrazilrsquosautomo-bileepicentreto becomingthecountryrsquosaerospacehubreceivedamajor boostfrom SaableadingtoastudyfromtheEconomicDe-velopmentAgencyto analyseitspotentialTheGreaterABC regioncurrentlyhas28 companiesthatoperateinthe aerospacefieldthemajorityofwhicharefoundinSaoBernardodeCampoldquoOneoftheconditionsof thecontract forBrazilrsquosnewGripenjet wasthatSaabbuilda unitinSao BernardodeCampordquosays thecityrsquos mayorLuizMarinholdquoand thathas inturnbeenattractingalotof newcompaniesrdquo

Theseare preciselythekindofhigh-impactprojectsthatthe In-termunicipalConsortiumis tryingtoattract andthatwould cementtheindustrialfutureof theareaItis acomplex productionchainhoweverforwhich investmentsdwarfingthosealreadypouredintothe regionwouldbe required

ABC REGION Automobiles and aerospace

ldquoThe goal is toproduce a re-gional strategynot several citystrategiesrdquoLuiz MarinhoMayor of Sao Bernardode Campo

Transforming Brazilrsquos industrial heartland

Luiz MarinhoMayor of Sao Bernardo de Campo

The Maua Institute inSao Caetano placesthe emphasis onpractical learning withits ultra-modern labo-ratories equipped withthe latest technology

ldquoWe are an innovativeregion in every senserdquoLuis Paulo BrescianiExecutive secretary of the ABCIntermunicipal Consortium

ldquoBefore everything we trainour students to think likeentrepreneursrdquo

Jose Carlos de Souza Junior Rector of the Maua Institute

of Technology

Through the Inter-municipal Consor-tium the sevenmunicipalities of theregion each withtheir own identitycan act as one

The Brazilian government could be accused of asomewhat passive approach to manufacturingand innovation in the past but the ABC regionof Sao Paulo is becoming a beacon of proactivepolicy The cities of Santo Andre Sao Bernardodo Campo and Sao Caetano do Sul have enjoyedmixed economic success over the last 30 yearsbut a recent wave of public and private invest-ment means that the Greater ABC region is onceagain acting as an autonomous hub with verymuch its own agenda and appealLocated between Sao Paulo city and the portof Santos there is more than geographicadvantage and a strong industrial history

behind the regionrsquos success Studies by Fiesphave shown the huge impact of companieslike Volkswagen as they are drawn to the ar-earsquos evolving infrastructure in turn creatingmanufacturing clusters as support compa-nies move in It is something that the Inter-municipal Consortium the entity that hasrepresented the seven municipalities and 27million inhabitants of the Greater ABC re-gion since 1990 has been communicating tostate and federal bodies in a bid to moderniseand develop the arearsquos potentialThe consortiumrsquos strength lies in its diversityof vocations but it is a diversity being fu nneled

The third-largest industrial centre in Brazil the ABC region is developing beyond its car-manufacturingpast and into the realm of a high-tech hub

ldquoThe message to the ministryof development is that we donrsquotwant to have to go into fiscalbattles to attract investors Wersquodrather take good care of our cur-

rent industrial facilities If theyare satisfied with the regionthey will naturally attract othercompanies and investors Weare of course also seeking newindustrial sectors in the regionprincipally tech companiesrdquo

Photos SENAI

The Greater ABC Region made up of the cities ofDiadema(1) Sao Caetano do Sul(2) Santo Andre(3) Maua(4)Ribeirao Pires(5) Rio Grande da Serra(6) and Sao Bernardodo Campo (7) is in the south of the metropolitan region ofSao Paulo and has become a powerful industrial centre




A classroom in Sao Paulo

The Peninsula Institute was cre-ated by the Diniz family in 2010 topromote the twin pillars of educa-tion and sport for young people inSao Paulo creating a more engag-ing and inspiring environment forstudents and teachers

Does Brazil face ingrained cul-tural challenges in its educationreformI donrsquot believe in the theory ofeducating parents first and onlythen educating children Theissue is complex and needs ad-dressing from different anglessimultaneously Until 20 yearsago simply having children inschool was enough people didnrsquotthink they could demand a better

quality of education

What is the best way to motiva tethe countryrsquos teachersThe role of teachers has changedToday they should be more likemediators of content facilita-tors motivators Teachers shouldalso stimulate students to getinto contact with relevant contentoutside school and then come tothe classroom to discuss them Mymission is to make the teachingcareer one of the most admired inthe country

What makes you optimisticThere are two factors Firstlythere is a change in generationsParents of children going into ba-sic education today have alreadystudied and are predisposedto demanding better qualitybecause they have a referencepoint In the next ten years Ibelieve this situation will havebeen completely turned aroundSecond is the use of technology inthe classroom Technology has noarms and legs and it means noth-ing by itself but it can maximiselearning it if is used well

As the Bra zilia n classr oom has bec ome moredynamic the role of the teacher has changedbut for the most part their training has yetto catch up With answers and opinions onevery subject now just a mouse-click awayfor students keeping the classroom relevantto their pupils is a growing concern of theteaching professionThe term lsquoknowledge managersrsquo is increas-ingly common to describe the way teachers

must now administer resources making iteven harder to change a culture of Braziliansociety undervaluing their role The cumu-lative effect of that perspective has been adangerous demotivation of education workersthat is only now being addressedldquoTeachers need to be valued in their heartsminds and walletsrdquo says Gabriel Chalita Sao

Paulo city education secretary ldquoThat meansimproved continuous training helping themto give better classes listening to teacherstelling them how important the teachingprofession is and a salary policy that com-municates to young people that a teachingcareer is financially attractiverdquo A key aspect of that tra ining th rough centressuch as Sao Paulorsquos EFAP is the concept ofteaching consultancy the idea that a teach-

errsquos practical experience should be directlyshared with others The demands of the newpolicy of inclusion and an increase in specialneeds students is just one critical area thatfew teachers are adequately trained in anddirectly shared experience proves vastly moreuseful than theory Along wit h improved wages t o make the pro -

fession at large more attractive t he govern-mentrsquos education plan is shaping a more reas-suring future for teachers but the obstacle ofan ingrained notion of the role of the teacherremains A key focus for Sao Paulo is blurringthe boundary of school and home to engagesociety more with who looks after its childrenon the other side of the school gates

The governmentrsquospolicies are shaping amore reassuring futurefor teachers

NATIONAL EDUCATION PLAN TheNational Education Plan set outclear targets for the countryrsquosteachers and methods buteffective implementation isneeded on a state and municipallevel for the changes to take rootin Brazil

PERSPECTIVES ON NATIONAL EDUCATION

INTERVIEW

Central to the success of the National Education Plan is getting all levels of the countryrsquos admin-istration from federal to regional on board In Sao Paulo the planrsquos goals are clearly under-stood but with increasingly limited resources the methods for igniting sweeping reforms willdemand even greater efficiency from the state and city governments

As a former rector at UNESP UniversityHerman Voorwald understands thechallenges facing the education systembetter than most His appointment asstate education secretary in 2011 markedan important shift in the Alckmin admin-istrationrsquos thinking towards the greatervaluing of teachers to engender change

Born and raised in Sao Paulo stateGabriel Chalita was made city educationsecretary in 2015 A prolific writer andprofessor he recognises that an end-to-end strengthening of the knowledgechain from preschool through to univer-sity is crucial to improving the educationsystemrsquos final output its graduates

ldquoUniversities havenrsquot beenable to train teachers forthe new reality of basiceducationrdquo

Herman Voorwald Secretary of education forSao Paulo state

ldquoOur biggest priority is notleaving kids behindrdquo

Gabriel ChalitaSecretary of education for the city ofSao Paulo

Teaching theteachers

The Paulo Renato Costa School for the Training andImprovement of Teachers was founded in 2009 toprovide ongoing training for the 270000 educationworkers in the state of Sao Paulo The first school of

its kind in Brazil it offers distance and on-site learn-ing virtual classrooms and videoconferencing to helpfulfil the governmentrsquos goal for the continued assess-ment and evolution of its education sector workforce

Every year three million children enterthe Brazilian education system but only500000 of them will go on to leave highschool with a sufficient level of Portugueseto enter the jobs market a nd only 137000with adequate maths Add to these basicsubjects the 21st century skills of criticalthinking teamwork digital k now-how andproblem solving and it is clear that thegovernment urgently needs to address itspublic education shortcomings if Brazil

is to develop Education for all is a noblecause but it remains hollow rhetoric ifthese growing classrooms are not empow-ering their occupants with knowledgeIn 2011 Sao Paulorsquos Governor Alckminset two long-term goals to put the stateon the path towards having one of the25 most-advanced education systems inthe world by 2030 and to fundamentallychange the way teachers and their pro-fession are regarded Much-needed investment followed basic and mer it-basedwage increases and training but this hastailed off since 2013 In 2014 state fund-ing was slashed by R$275 million callingfor extensive cost-cutting in a sector notrenowned for its efficiencySao Paulorsquos state education secretary Her-man Voorwald understands the crucialrole of the teacher in inciting change ldquoThegoal was giving every chi ld the right to bein schoolrdquo he says ldquoOriginally it was in-clusion with quality but teacher traininghasnrsquot kept pace with the youth of today

who are now better informed and morecritical and demand a different relation-ship with their schoolsrdquoWhile the concept of education haschanged within Brazilian culture thenext stage is for the concept of teachingto change and modernise The NationalEducation Plan established clear goals forthe systemrsquos development engagement ofthe community and the idea of ful l-timeeducation ldquoIf everything that was put for-ward is realised there will be a significantimprovement in education in ten yearsrdquosays Sao Paulorsquos city education secretaryGabriel Chalita ldquoIt makes no sense forkids to go to school finish a full cycleand come out the other end still not ableto read or writerdquo

Re-evaluating the role of the teacher TEACHING Underpaid and undervalued the teaching profession has finally been recognised as aroute into the sectorrsquos improvement all the way through the education cycle

ldquoMy mission is to makethe teaching career oneof the most admired inthe countryrdquo

Ana Maria DinizDirector of Instituto Peninsula

A new plan foreducation in BrazilA new plan foreducation in Brazil




Students at a school that collaborates with the Ayrton Senna Institute

Young learners at the Lemman Foundation

Children at an Itau Foundation programme | Photo Bruno Polengo

A s d i s t r i b u

FOCUS ON

Jose Maria MarinEx-president of the BrazilianFootball Confederation (CBF)

Maron Emile Abi-AbibNational director of SESC

Jose Maria Marin who steppeddown as president of the Brazil-ian Football Confederation inApril is confident in the positiveimpact the World Cup had on thecountry - despite the final resultnot being what Brazil wanted

Our culture is unique and the

country has been developing inall the areas that a nation shouldindustry entrepreneurship cul-ture and regarding its most impor-tant traditions Foreign touristswere able to see that the potentialof the country isnrsquot entirelydevoted to football and carnivaland Brazil goes far beyond thatstereotypeWe left a great legacy for childrenand young people with the waythat we sang our national anthemI was very moved when a coupleof private school owners told methat their children asked them tosing the national anthem in classon more than one occasion Wemay have slipped up on the pitchbut we now have our civic spiritback I have no doubt about that

Operating as arts funder health providerand educator SESC was created by and forthe service industry in the 1940s MaronEmile Abi-Abib has turned his focus on theorganisationrsquos capacity to act as a socialglue and shaper of citizens and in 2008 heopened its first free residential high schoolin Rio de Janeiro

How has SESC helped the process of socialinclusion in educationThe SESC High School was created after adiagnosis of what was wrong with educationin the country so as never to repeat it Wecreated it with the expressed goal of shapingyoung people from all over Brazil not just aca-

demically but also for the reality of life and toparticipate in the development of the country

What does the residential school modelhave to offer studentsThis is not a model that could be used infull to solve Brazilrsquos educational issuesbut it is a model that entails and bestows alot of responsibility in which students arefundamental co-drivers and consequentlyprotagonists contributing valuable lessonsfor education in the country

The idea of using sport as a toolfor education is nothing newbut its potential as a socialglue has brought it greaterprominence in overcoming thechallenging inequality of Brazil-ian society The governmentrsquosprocess of social inclusion hasdemanded greater collaborationamong students but also in-spired competition and the par-allels between the classroomand sports field are plentiful

The rise in prominence of softskills for young people suchas teamwork determination tosucceed and creative thinkingand the hope to produce morewell-rounded citizens havemade its values so close tothose needed to succeed in lifemore relevant than ever

A different approach

Learning maths withthe Khan Academyprogramme

Sport as aneducational tool

The Ayrton Senna Institute (IAS)has been working with youngBrazilians since 1994 Presidedover by Viviane Senna the sisterof one of Brazilrsquos greatest sport-

ing idols of all time the instituteundertakes vital research andinvestments in the realm ofeducation in the country and isnow looking increasingly towardsbringing science to the art ofteachingThis year alone the institutersquosprogrammes and solutions willdirectly benefit more than 18 mil-lion young people in over 700 mu-nicipalities and across 5 regionsof Brazil through the training of65000 education professionalsThanks to its indexes for targetsand evaluations taboo for dec-ades in the sector it has helpedforce the culture of educatinginto its own self-assessment andasked how it has been allowedto fail such a large proportion ofsociety for so long

Two decades of research hasmade more explicit than ever thelink between education and wageinequality in two-thirds of casesand shown that the classroomneeds to be made more relevantand attractive than ever beforeWith general agreement that scaleand quality are the key facets thatthe government has struggledto come to terms with Sennabelieves the next step is lookingat exactly how children learnldquoWe have a wholesale problemand are using retail strategiesrdquoshe argues ldquoOur focus now is onbringing science into schooling tostudy the ways in which childrenlearn This information can helpschools do what they are meantto be doing but they pretend itdoesnrsquot existrdquo

The rise of the Khan Academyfrom a family YouTube video to a

global partnership with BrazilrsquosLemann Foundation shows justhow difficult it can be to predictthe future of global educationtrends What began as a mathsclass given by the then-hedgefund analyst Salman Khan for his

young cousins quickly became aBill Gates-approved global edu-cation platform with 10 millionunique users every monthIts popularity led to an invitationfrom President Dilma Rousseffto create content for a nationalliteracy scheme across Brazil Adeal was eventually struck to de-vise software to be l oaded on to600000 tablets and distributedamong middle school teachersshowing Khanrsquos video classesand translated into PortugueseThe former banker has alsopartnered with XBox entertain-ment systems showing just howfar a small idea can reach As BillGates said after Khanrsquos TED TalkldquoYou have just seen the futureof educationrdquo

Towards a new modelfor the futureFUTURE OUTLOOK Brazil has been presented with an opportunity to gainground on its neighbours and make up for the lost decades of mass educa-tional mediocrity but seizing it will take a nationwide revolution in thinking

Almost the world over the essence of the classroomhas changed little in over a centur y in spite of enor-mous technological advances Now though thereis the genuine sense that the next decade is likely tosee sweeping changes Brazil has the opportunityto regain its rightful place in the global educationrankings Learning in the 21st century is morethan arithmetic and spelling a nd so despite havingfallen perilously behind its peers Brazil sti ll findsitself in a position to catch up the lost ground

What is required however is speed and the ef-ficient alignment of three levels of governmentthe agility and ambition of the private sector theinvestment of the productive sector and the adop-tion of a shift in thinking by society as a whole Itisnrsquot enough to simply embrace new technologyand a new ideology Brazil has to become a pioneerThe government has already begin to rethink therole its teachers play and how they are viewed Ashift towards leading students on their own learn-

ing path means that their training is morecrucial than ever Done right it will mean thatstudents can be given more autonomy to usethe resources at their fingertipsWhat were once straightforward problemsnow have new angles approaches and argu-ments and questioning perceived notions ismore relevant than ever That new teacher-student dynamic gives a country like Brazilthat is searching for new strategies a perfectopportunity to innovateThe investment and the will now exists TheNational Education Plan has led the way andstate and municipal authorities have greaterconfidence to experiment and develop theirown projects Philanthropic private entitieslike the Peninsula and Natura Institutes or theBradesco Foundation who will pump R$220million into the modernisation and expansionof their schools this year alone now see theimportance of their role more clearly According to Pedro Villares CEO of Instituto

Natura private entities like his will be vital inthe shaping of the future system ldquoThe privatesector has the role of promoting agility but isalso good at bringing together different actorsWe play that role really well to bring together

secretariats of education software companieseducation institutes and so onrdquo For the privatesector the focus isnrsquot about getting a logo on aschool bag it is about strategic investment inthe future of the country its economy and itsability to compete in the world market

ldquoWe have a wholesaleproblem and are usingretail strategiesrdquo Viviane SennaPresident of the Ayrton Senna Institute

Photo Gastao Guedes

PERSPECTIVE

P h o t o A d r i a n a M o u r a

Vivian SennaPresident of the Ayrton SennaInstitute





ldquoAt no pointin history waseducation trulya priority forthe countryrdquo

VIEWPOINTS The philanthropic arms of some of Brazilrsquos largestcorporations are increasingly concerned with the education of thenation as the most responsible and effective means of securing asustainable future for the country

How they see it

Pedro VillaresCEO of Instituto Natura

Created in 2002 by Brazilrsquoswealthiest entrepreneur JorgePaulo Lemann the Lemann Foun-dation began with small goalsin the realm of education andteacher training and has sinceexpanded its vision pursuing theadoption of new technology torevolutionise education

How important is it that Brazilacts quickly to make changes tothe education sectorWhen I started working ineducation what most scaredme was that the children cannotwait Change is urgent We treatthe education problem as some-thing to be addressed in twentyyears but errors accumulateand it gets increasingly difficultto teach things to children at thewrong age

Are teachers the key to turningaround the situationWe need a unified curriculum

so that students teachers and

parents know what is expectedof them each year In Brazil weprovide teachers with four yearsof training which is very longvastly theoretical and includes nopractice We havenrsquot yet taught ourteachers to teach and we need tohelp them

How can the productivesector helpI think our role is to help Braziltransition from the old to a moremodern system of educationwhich we cannot achieve merelywith incremental improvementsWe have to change the paradigmEveryone is improving and weneed to make a leap The privatesector and specifically its technol-ogy can provide the ideas to makethat happen By the end of 2015 weexpect 10 million Brazilians to beusing high-quality technology intheir day-to-day education We arelooking at ideas that have workedelsewhere such as the Khan Acad-

emy platform for maths

Turning ideas into reality

The countrywide push to bringschools online has given the Vivotelecoms giant the opportunityto have a major impact on thefuture of the countryrsquos education

Are the National Education Planrsquosgoals too ambitiousIn a city the size of Sao Paulosuch plans can go completely un-noticed in most schools so thisis a collective effort that needsthe support of foundations andcompanies to make it a priorityotherwise it just remains emptylegislation

HowcanchangetouchallofBrazilOurruralconnectedschoolsprojectisaimedatregionswith nointernetaccessandwhereteach-ershaveenormouschallengesthat

couldmeana 12-year-oldand afive-year-oldwithdifferentneedsarein thesameclassbeingtaughthowto readandwritesimultane-ouslywithotherskillsIn prepara-tionfor connectingtheschool totheinternetweexplaintoteachershowtheycoulduse technologytoaddresstheirchallenges

How else does the foundationhelpWe have a sub-unit dedicatedto thinking about the futurestudying trends and imaginingfuture scenarios Not all of themare positive but we want to seewhat is likely to stimulate andwhat can hinder progress As atechnology company we have animportant role to play in trying toforesee positive trends and bringthem to fruition faster

Technology for change

One of the most highly-regardedand competitive engineering highereducation courses and researchcentres in Brazil the InstitutoTecnologico de Aeronautica inad-vertently gave rise to the countryrsquosaeronautic industry when its

alumni created Embraer Now theworldrsquos third largest commercialjet manufacturer its philanthropicoffshoot Instituto Embraer wasfounded in 2001 and dedicated toeducation as the foundation forsocietyrsquos developmentFour years later in 2005 the insti-tute began a scholarship scheme toprovide funding for students fromthe Embraer College in Sao Josedo Campos to help them attendthe best universities in Brazil Thefunding represents a direct andsustainable investment back intoBrazilian society and expertise viathe award of repayable bursariesOnce graduated the students arethen obliged to pay back into thesystem for the benefit of othersto then follow suit sustaining op-portunities for the brightest youngminds from the region to attendBrazilrsquos most prestigious universi-ties from USP to PUC-Rio In itsfirst ten years in operation thescheme has helped 729 studentsattend universities previouslyconsidered beyond their horizonspointing the way for sustainableinvestment in higher education andby extension the Brazilian economyas a whole

Expanding access

How big is Brazilrsquos education crisisEducation is the biggest bottleneckstopping sustainable growth in Bra-zil If we look at it historically it hasshown mild improvements In thelast few decades as we reached uni-versalisation started an evaluationprocess and now have better financ-ing schemes which have improvedthe structure of education Howeverat no point in history was educationtruly a priority for the country

How has that been allowedto happenThe Brazilian model of educationmanagement just does not workPlans rarely last longer than oneadministration and when they areimplemented they rarely reach the

classroom Therefore there areproblems at every level There arechallenges in key areas such ascurriculum teacher training schoolleadership evaluation and espe-cially the structuring of a teachingcareer that attracts young peopleto teaching Brazilian teachers getaround 10 percent of the salary of aSwiss teacher

What needs to be doneThere is a need to expand the schoolday because Brazilian studentsspend only four or five hours perday in school but there is also theneed to diversify the curriculum andstrengthen the work of NGOs andafter-school programmes Familiesneed to be part of this debate

Addressing challenges

Denis MizneCEO of Lemann Foundation

Instituto Natura is the charita-ble foundation of the Braziliancosmetics giant Providing es-sential support to the countryrsquospublic education programmesit is currently testing the meansby which innovation can be

most effectively harnessed bythe sector

Why did the Natura Institutechoose to work with educationrather than sustainabilityEvery time we think of sustain-ability we think of the environ-ment but it is much more thanthat There is a whole socialaspect to it Our take on sustain-ability now encompasses morethan just the environment andwith that expanded vision in mindwe could not think of anythingthat has a greater impact thaneducation Without addressingeducation nothing is address-able It is step number one

How can Brazil best tackle theissue of teacher trainingTeachers need some autonomybut a balance is required Onlythen can adequate evaluations bemade This is all part of the PDCAcycle lsquoPlanrsquo content for classeslsquoDorsquo more structured classeslsquoCheckrsquo and evaluate regularlyand lsquoActrsquo accordingly To do thiswe also need well-trained andmotivated teachers and at themoment we have neither Train-

ing needs to focus more on thepractical aspects and hard workand good performance needs tobe better rewarded

How can such changes be imple-mented in practice

Innovation is all around usChildren learn via YouTube nowand schools have to adapt Webelieve that schools can changesocieties especially in poorfragile social settings wherebringing parents and the com-munity into the school makesa lot of difference We talk a lotabout educational systems andmeritocracy but there is low-hanging fruit there that requiresno investment just a changein mindset

How important is the early adop-tion of new technologyColegio Fontan which is nowpartnered with the GatesFoundation and Microsoft hasa learning management systemin which students learn outsideof classes It is unbelievable Weare doing a similar project in RioGENTE (Experimental School ofNew Educational Technologies)uses a structured curriculumthat students work through ontheir own The government hasto be cost-efficient and invitebids from various companiesbut with innovation you cannotalways do that

Success through training

ldquoThis is a collectiveeffort that needs thesupport of foundationsand companies to makeit a priorityrdquo

ldquoTraining needs to focusmore on the practicalaspects and hard workand good performanceneeds to be betterrewardedrdquo

ldquoBy the end of 2015we expect 10 millionBrazilians to be usinghigh-quality technologyin their day-to-dayeducationrdquo

Joseacute Augusto da Gama Figueira

President of Oi Futuro

Marianna LuzDirector of the Instituto Embraer

Oi Futuro is the social responsi-bility institute of the Braziliantelecoms company Oi actingin the realms of culture educa-tion and sustainability Amongits goals is the freeing up ofaccess to technology and byextension the universalisationof knowledge to encourage so-cial transformation through itsadvanced educational centres(NAVE) Developed in conjunc-tion with the Rio de Janeiro andPernambuco state educationdepartments in 2009 the NAVEwas recognised by Microsoftas one of the thirty most in-novative schools worldwideIt currently offers vocationaltechnology training to 960

students and 100 educatorsIn 2010 NAVE was chosen tobecome a mentoring schoolwithin Microsoftrsquos InnovativeSchools Program and twoyears later was included aspart of the World Tour Schoolalongside the likes of the UKrsquosCornwallis Academy and re-mains the only Brazilian schoolto take part Oi has sincedeveloped the award-winningOi Kabum schools providingcourses in graphic designphotography and web designto underprivileged youths andgraduates from the public edu-cation network in four schoolsin Belo Horizonte Recife Riode Janeiro and Salvador

Education for all

Gabriella BighettiPresident of Fundacao Telefonica Vivo

Antonio Jacinto Matias

Vice-president of Fundacao Itau Social

Photo Ana Colla



Brazil appears to be unitedbehind a cause for the first timesince the touchpaper of protestwas lit at the outset of 2013President Rousseffrsquos response ndashto dig deeper into federal pocketsthan ever before and initiate anabout-face in the ailing educa-

tion sector ndash has brought somemuch-needed focus to the rootcause of the country rsquos falteringeconomy and social disquiet Itis however merely the beginningof a long road to recovery the realimpact of which may still only befelt in decades to comeThe scale of the recovery requiredhas backed the government into acorner from which politicians andeducators alike agree the only

positive route out is a top-downeducational overhaul That typeof proactive planning is notsomething often associatedwith a country more used toreacting to and bandaging overrather than preventing crisesbut universalisation has been a

crucial first step to fight inequal-ity With productivity in declineand functional illiteracy refusingto follow suit the next step isimproving quality to overcomethe present situation whichViviane Senna president of theAyrton Senna Institute describesas ldquofirst-world access rates withthird-world success ratesrdquoFor an outdated system thetiming ought to be perfect The

increasing number of youngpeople entering the classroommeans that new methods can beadopted quickly and old struc-

tures abandoned more easily Theimpact of introducing full-timeschooling with full-time highly-trained teachers that are betterprepared to offer classes thatinspire students rather than turnthem off would change the para-digm nationally in the way theopening of the UFABC universitydid for that regionIf it is to succeed Gabriel Rodri-gues president of the Brazilian

Association of Higher EducationSupporters (ABMES) is in nodoubt that the public systemhas to learn from the private

and act quickly to be in syncwith and pioneering in todayrsquosglobal innovation trends ineducation How best to harnessnew technology is the crucialquestion and Brazil has to findthe right one to suit its modelldquoIf the private sector does notjoin forces with the governmentto take care of basic educationrdquosays Rodrigues ldquoBrazil will loseits momentumrdquo

A thorough plan for Brazilian education reform has finallybeen set in motion but with so much at stake are its goalsrealistic With a hitherto unimaginable alignment of policyinvestment and the will of society Brazil is turning promisinglegislation into reality

ldquoIf the private sectordoes not join forces

with the governmentto take care of basiceducation Brazil willlose its momentumrdquo

Gabriel RodriguesPresident of the Brazilian Association of Higher EducationSupporters (ABMES)

Laudable goals withpromising solutions




1Studentsat privateuniversityEstacio2SENAI providesformaltrain-ingfor specialisedworkersforindustry

3Highereducationhas becomekeyforyoung Brazilians4SESC provideseducationthat

wouldotherwisebeunavailableformillionsof Brazilians5The AyrtonSenna Institutecreatesopportunitiesforyoungpeople|Photo RodrigoCamara6The futuristicEtecHeliopolisinSao Paulo

1 4 5 6

2 3

A s d i s t r i b u

OVERVIEW Successive governments have failed to address Brazilrsquos most urgent structuralneeds Today as this young democracy finds its voice the government is being forced tolisten and take action With the better life Br azilians seek dependent on better education forall does the country have what it takes to build a better future

Time for an education revolution

Brazil is shifting awkwardly in the glare of in-ternational scrutiny Where once the govern-ment was able to deflect or divert unwantedattention running from the demands of achallenging reality is no longer an option andpopular protests have become commonplaceIn response to this President Dilma Rouss-effrsquos second term in office began with a new-ook cabinet and the admission that difficult

times were ahead questions would be askedand sacrifices would have to be made if thecountry was to get back on trackThis was an honest self-assessment from apresident who had inherited enviable approv-al ratings from her predecessor Luiz InacioLularsquo da Silva only to see them gradually

diminished to a narrow election victory lastyear The glow of a vigorous economy hassimilarly dimmed in recent years a s evidence

piled up of an unsustainable heavily subsi-dised boom that masked the countryrsquos un-derlying problemsThe headlines havenrsquot all been bad Educa-tion was at last placed on top of the agenda

during the election campaign A far-reachingplan was unveiled that a ims to rebuild thecountryrsquos education system promising to

include another 12 million children currentlyoutside of the school system over the nextfour years Meanwhile unemployment fellto a record low of 43 percent in December2014 although productivity is also fallingafter a meagre 13 percent improvement overthe last decadeRanked 126th out of 183 countries for ease ofdoing business Brazilrsquos competitive edge re-

mains severely blunted by bureaucracy ldquoTheWorld Bank highlighted Brazil as one of theworst countries to do business in but we aremaking some dramatic changesrdquo said smallbusiness secretary Guillerme Afif DomingosldquoWe are going to jump from the Middle Agesstraight to the digital erardquoThe urgency to make that jump lies in a wor-rying skills gap pointing to critical shortcom-ings in the education sector According to a

survey by global employment agency Manpower68 percent of employers in Brazil have e xperi-enced difficulty in recruiting the right workforceWhile ministers promise to bring the time ittakes to open a company down from 150 days to just f ive recru iting su fficient ly skil led labour i sthe next hurdleHistorically speaking when a game-changingsolution has been required Brazilian creativ-ity has shone through In adapting sugar canecattle or the humble soybean to the tropicalenvironment or developing the means to drillfor oil deeper and further offshore than everbefore the country has grown to become a worldleader in research and production The next

stage is to go beyond self-sufficiency to adding value at home befor e selling to t he internat ionalmarket ldquoMaybe Brazilrsquos problem isnrsquot creatingentrepreneurs but rather turning innovativeideas into solid technology within a systemthat is outdatedrdquo points out Bernardo GradinCEO of the the countryrsquos pioneering ethanolcompany GranBio Alr eady the seven th-l arge st economy in theworld Brazil has the ingredients to become a fer-

tile ground in which entrepreneurialism for solong stymied by introverted and protectionistadministrations can flourish both withinand beyond its borders Today the coun-try is starting to make deep far-reachingchanges to its saturated consumption-based model in order to progress andfulfil its potential as a global eco-nomic force Brazilrsquos dream of be-coming the much-vaunted centreof innovation and technology inthe southern hemisphere finallylooks within reachTo achieve that dream howev-er the education sector needs

solutions on a continental scalethat successive administrationshave failed to deliver With stateinvestment promising to reach 10percent of GDP by 2023 the fundsare finally available to extend thereach of education narrow the in-equality gap and shape the nextgeneration of Brazilrsquos citizens andentrepreneurs

ldquoFreedom and socialdemocracy were notenough any more

The people neededefficiency toonot only in publicservices but alsoin politicsrdquoMichel Temer

Vice-president of Brazil

Education was at last placed

on top of the agenda duringthe election campaign witha promise to include another12 million children

VIEWPOINT

Preparing for successBrazilrsquosworkforceis fundamentaltoitscompaniesrsquodriveforcompetitivenessbutacultureof undervaluingstaff hasplaguedbigcompaniesfor decadesTheresultinghighturnoverhas hada drasticimpactonefficiencyandproductivityMultinationals

reporthavingtospendupto40 percentmoreonHR inBrazilwhile theretailsector experi-encesturnoverratesofupto56 percentOnecompanyhoweveris buckingthetrendGrupoPaodeAcucaristheretailgroupbehindsome ofthe countryrsquosbiggest

highstreetstores Strongcompanyvaluesandinvestmentinthe trainingandeduca-tionof their160000employeeshas paiddividendsStaff turnoverisdown to365percentpavingthewayfortherestofthesectorto follow

Art Director Joana PessanhaGraphic Design Carlos RobledoIllustrationsRomualdo Faura

Forsuggestionson afeatureonyourcountryoranyspecificthemecontactus onfeaturesthe-reportnetForanexpandedversionofthisfeaturewwwtheguardiancomthe-reportand wwwthe-reportnet

Follow TheReportCo onTwitter

Project Director Aarti Waghela Editorial Director Nicolas Danaux

Writers Doug Gray Eleanor WraggCopy Editor Eleanor Wragg

TheReportCompany takessoleresponsibilityforthe contentofthisfeature

Liberty House 222 Regent StreetLondon W1B 5TR UK Tel +44 (0) 207 903 5079





A s d i s t r i b u














A plan for change


























BILATERAL RELATIONS










PhotoEduardoCesar

VIEWPOINT






1995

A s d i s t r i b u



















VIEWPOINTS
















































PERSPECTIVE














1

2




1

2 3

4

5

PERSPECTIVES
























VIEWPOINT







US$265 billion 52 62 26000









A s d i s t r i b u


PROFILE








60 R$60 million








Photo Orlando Brito
















CASE STUDY









119100

132 145

169

251

Beforeenrolment














































INDUSTRY VOICES



A s d i s t r i b u

SERVICESECTOR


INDUSTRY


Photos SENAI


































BRAZIL

GREATERSAOPAULO


STATEOFSAOPAULO

A s d i s t r i b u











wwwfapespbren

















of this cityrdquo

VIEWPOINT









BRAZIL

GREATERSAO PAULO

GREATERABC REGION


PERSPECTIVES

A s d i s t r i b u

















of Technology







Photos SENAI



















INTERVIEW
























A s d i s t r i b u

FOCUS ON




























Photo Gastao Guedes

PERSPECTIVE









How they see it


















Expanding access
























Education for all




Photo Ana Colla




















A s d i s t r i b u














A plan for change


























BILATERAL RELATIONS










PhotoEduardoCesar

VIEWPOINT






1995

A s d i s t r i b u



















VIEWPOINTS
















































PERSPECTIVE














1

2




1

2 3

4

5

PERSPECTIVES
























VIEWPOINT







US$265 billion 52 62 26000









A s d i s t r i b u


PROFILE








60 R$60 million








Photo Orlando Brito
















CASE STUDY









119100

132 145

169

251

Beforeenrolment














































INDUSTRY VOICES



A s d i s t r i b u

SERVICESECTOR


INDUSTRY


Photos SENAI


































BRAZIL

GREATERSAOPAULO


STATEOFSAOPAULO

A s d i s t r i b u











wwwfapespbren

















of this cityrdquo

VIEWPOINT









BRAZIL

GREATERSAO PAULO

GREATERABC REGION


PERSPECTIVES

A s d i s t r i b u

















of Technology







Photos SENAI



















INTERVIEW
























A s d i s t r i b u

FOCUS ON




























Photo Gastao Guedes

PERSPECTIVE









How they see it


















Expanding access
























Education for all




Photo Ana Colla




















1995

A s d i s t r i b u



















VIEWPOINTS
















































PERSPECTIVE














1

2




1

2 3

4

5

PERSPECTIVES
























VIEWPOINT







US$265 billion 52 62 26000









A s d i s t r i b u


PROFILE








60 R$60 million








Photo Orlando Brito
















CASE STUDY









119100

132 145

169

251

Beforeenrolment














































INDUSTRY VOICES



A s d i s t r i b u

SERVICESECTOR


INDUSTRY


Photos SENAI


































BRAZIL

GREATERSAOPAULO


STATEOFSAOPAULO

A s d i s t r i b u











wwwfapespbren

















of this cityrdquo

VIEWPOINT









BRAZIL

GREATERSAO PAULO

GREATERABC REGION


PERSPECTIVES

A s d i s t r i b u

















of Technology







Photos SENAI



















INTERVIEW
























A s d i s t r i b u

FOCUS ON




























Photo Gastao Guedes

PERSPECTIVE









How they see it


















Expanding access
























Education for all




Photo Ana Colla








































PERSPECTIVE














1

2




1

2 3

4

5

PERSPECTIVES
























VIEWPOINT







US$265 billion 52 62 26000









A s d i s t r i b u


PROFILE








60 R$60 million








Photo Orlando Brito
















CASE STUDY









119100

132 145

169

251

Beforeenrolment














































INDUSTRY VOICES



A s d i s t r i b u

SERVICESECTOR


INDUSTRY


Photos SENAI


































BRAZIL

GREATERSAOPAULO


STATEOFSAOPAULO

A s d i s t r i b u











wwwfapespbren

















of this cityrdquo

VIEWPOINT









BRAZIL

GREATERSAO PAULO

GREATERABC REGION


PERSPECTIVES

A s d i s t r i b u

















of Technology







Photos SENAI



















INTERVIEW
























A s d i s t r i b u

FOCUS ON




























Photo Gastao Guedes

PERSPECTIVE









How they see it


















Expanding access
























Education for all




Photo Ana Colla



















1

2 3

4

5

PERSPECTIVES
























VIEWPOINT







US$265 billion 52 62 26000









A s d i s t r i b u


PROFILE








60 R$60 million








Photo Orlando Brito
















CASE STUDY









119100

132 145

169

251

Beforeenrolment














































INDUSTRY VOICES



A s d i s t r i b u

SERVICESECTOR


INDUSTRY


Photos SENAI


































BRAZIL

GREATERSAOPAULO


STATEOFSAOPAULO

A s d i s t r i b u











wwwfapespbren

















of this cityrdquo

VIEWPOINT









BRAZIL

GREATERSAO PAULO

GREATERABC REGION


PERSPECTIVES

A s d i s t r i b u

















of Technology







Photos SENAI



















INTERVIEW
























A s d i s t r i b u

FOCUS ON




























Photo Gastao Guedes

PERSPECTIVE









How they see it


















Expanding access
























Education for all




Photo Ana Colla























A s d i s t r i b u


PROFILE








60 R$60 million








Photo Orlando Brito
















CASE STUDY









119100

132 145

169

251

Beforeenrolment














































INDUSTRY VOICES



A s d i s t r i b u

SERVICESECTOR


INDUSTRY


Photos SENAI


































BRAZIL

GREATERSAOPAULO


STATEOFSAOPAULO

A s d i s t r i b u











wwwfapespbren

















of this cityrdquo

VIEWPOINT









BRAZIL

GREATERSAO PAULO

GREATERABC REGION


PERSPECTIVES

A s d i s t r i b u

















of Technology







Photos SENAI



















INTERVIEW
























A s d i s t r i b u

FOCUS ON




























Photo Gastao Guedes

PERSPECTIVE









How they see it


















Expanding access
























Education for all




Photo Ana Colla




















119100

132 145

169

251

Beforeenrolment














































INDUSTRY VOICES



A s d i s t r i b u

SERVICESECTOR


INDUSTRY


Photos SENAI


































BRAZIL

GREATERSAOPAULO


STATEOFSAOPAULO

A s d i s t r i b u











wwwfapespbren

















of this cityrdquo

VIEWPOINT









BRAZIL

GREATERSAO PAULO

GREATERABC REGION


PERSPECTIVES

A s d i s t r i b u

















of Technology







Photos SENAI



















INTERVIEW
























A s d i s t r i b u

FOCUS ON




























Photo Gastao Guedes

PERSPECTIVE









How they see it


















Expanding access
























Education for all




Photo Ana Colla



















INDUSTRY VOICES



A s d i s t r i b u

SERVICESECTOR


INDUSTRY


Photos SENAI


































BRAZIL

GREATERSAOPAULO


STATEOFSAOPAULO

A s d i s t r i b u











wwwfapespbren

















of this cityrdquo

VIEWPOINT









BRAZIL

GREATERSAO PAULO

GREATERABC REGION


PERSPECTIVES

A s d i s t r i b u

















of Technology







Photos SENAI



















INTERVIEW
























A s d i s t r i b u

FOCUS ON




























Photo Gastao Guedes

PERSPECTIVE









How they see it


















Expanding access
























Education for all




Photo Ana Colla




















BRAZIL

GREATERSAOPAULO


STATEOFSAOPAULO

A s d i s t r i b u











wwwfapespbren

















of this cityrdquo

VIEWPOINT









BRAZIL

GREATERSAO PAULO

GREATERABC REGION


PERSPECTIVES

A s d i s t r i b u

















of Technology







Photos SENAI



















INTERVIEW
























A s d i s t r i b u

FOCUS ON




























Photo Gastao Guedes

PERSPECTIVE









How they see it


















Expanding access
























Education for all




Photo Ana Colla




















BRAZIL

GREATERSAO PAULO

GREATERABC REGION


PERSPECTIVES

A s d i s t r i b u

















of Technology







Photos SENAI



















INTERVIEW
























A s d i s t r i b u

FOCUS ON




























Photo Gastao Guedes

PERSPECTIVE









How they see it


















Expanding access
























Education for all




Photo Ana Colla

































INTERVIEW
























A s d i s t r i b u

FOCUS ON




























Photo Gastao Guedes

PERSPECTIVE









How they see it


















Expanding access
























Education for all




Photo Ana Colla






















A s d i s t r i b u

FOCUS ON




























Photo Gastao Guedes

PERSPECTIVE









How they see it


















Expanding access
























Education for all




Photo Ana Colla






















How they see it


















Expanding access
























Education for all




Photo Ana Colla
















brazil special feature as published in the guardian 18-05-15 (1)

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