“brazil’s moment in the sun” energy front – a key part of its economy jerson kelman – ceo,...
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“Brazil’s Moment in the sun”Energy front – a key part of its economy
Jerson Kelman – CEO, Light S/A
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Brazilian energy source is renewable
45,9
12,9
6,7
54,1
87,1
93,3
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Brazil (2007)
Worldwide (2006)
OCDE Countries(2007)
RenewableNon-renewable
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Installed capacity:
104 GW
74% is hydro
Peak demand:
64 GW
(comparable to England or Italy)
Average production:
51GW X 8760 h/y = 447 TWh/y
90% is hydro
Brazil power sector at glance (2008)
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The transmission system
4 000 kmEurope
4 000 km
Isolated System
Interconnected System
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Per capita consumption of electricity
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Centralized dispatch
In order to take advantage of hydrological diversity, energy is transported through long distances.Power plants in the same river basin are own by different companies.
CEMIG
FURNAS
AES-TIETÊ
CESP
CDSA
Consórcios
COPEL
TRACTEBEL
ITAIPUBinacional
Rio Grande
Rio Paranaíba
Rio Tietê
Rio Paranapanema
Rio Iguaçu
CEMIG
FURNAS
AES-TIETÊ
CESP
CDSA
Consórcios
COPEL
TRACTEBEL
ITAIPUBinacional
Rio Grande
Rio Paranaíba
Rio Tietê
Rio Paranapanema
Rio Iguaçu
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Spot price is low most of the time...
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Generation
Free Consummers Captive Consummers
DistributionTransmition
Distribution Distribution tarifftariff
TUSTTUST TUSD TUSD
TUSTTUST
TUSTTUST
PPA (energy)
Free Consummers
TUSD - TUSD - Distribution network charge + taxes TUST – Distribution network charge + taxesDistribution Tariff = Energy + TUSDDistribution Tariff = Energy + TUSDPPA – Power Purchase Agreement
Long term power purchase agreements (PPAs)
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Results of recent auctions of energy(competition for the market, rather than in the market)
Sales: ~ 150 TWh/year
37% Hydro e 67% Thermal
(natural gas, oil and coal)
Total value: ~ US$ 110 billion
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Did Brazil run out of sites to build new hydro plants?
USAUSA
CongoCongoIndonesiaIndonesia
PeruPeruRussiaRussiaChinaChina
ColombiaColombiaIndiaIndia
BRAZILBRAZILCanadaCanada
ItalyItalySwedenSweden
NorwayNorwayJapanJapan
GermanyGermanyFranceFrance
10000 20 40 60 80Source: EPE
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Hydropower plants in the Amazon river basin
What would be the alternatives?
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Distance of potential hydro plant sites to the large cities
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Rio de Janeiro: pacification & formal economy
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Rio de Janeiro: pacification & formal economy