Breaking Up a Nation and Trying to Mend Breaking Up a Nation and Trying to Mend It Back TogetherIt Back Together

Federal vs. State AuthorityLincoln thinks the Federal Government should decide the question of where slavery exists

The Southern States believe that is a question to be decided by states

Lincoln’s Union (North) – Article 1, section 8 (Necessary and Proper Clause)To make all Laws which shall be necessary and

proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.

Confederacy (South) – Amendment #10 _______________________________________________

North (Union)North (Union)Military Advantages

More PeopleLarge Navy

Economic AdvantagesControlled most bankingMost factories,

railroads, and food farms

Political AdvantagesEstablished Central

Gov’tDisadvantages

Many believe the war too costly and are hard to motivate

South South (Confederacy)(Confederacy)

Military AdvantagesWar of AttritionOn Home front

Economic AdvantagesForeign Cotton Demand

Political AdvantagesDefending their homesMost believed in the

causeDisadvantages

States rights means weak central gov’t ~ makes fighting a war difficult

Lincoln had said that if states were still rebelling by new year’s 1863, he’d free the

slaves in Southern States

U.S. gov’t recognizes those slaves as free

Still slavery in the border states; EP only applies to areas outside of Lincoln’s control

Commits U.S. to a policy of abolition in the South

1313th th AmendmentAmendment: Prohibits Slavery

1414ththAmendmentAmendment: Full Citizenship, Due Process, Equal Protection

1515thth Amendment Amendment: Right to Vote

Freedman’s BureauFree public education for African-Americans

and whites in the South

Most states required to ratify 14th Amendment

Military Reconstruction Act ~ Troops sent

Established state hospitals and institutions for orphans, disabled, mentally ill

Rebuilt roads, railways, and bridgesProvided funds for new railroads

and industryTranscontinental railroad

Industry grew rapidly

The BadThe BadEconomic Depression in SouthMilitary Posts in the West

Forced removal of Native Americans from the Great Plains from 1867 to 1890

The UglyThe UglyBlack Codes weaken ReconstructionCompromise of 1876 ends Reconstruction too fast

Not all had accepted Reconstruction AmendmentsNo permanent provisions for rights of Blacks

Share cropping and tenant farms replace slaveholding plantations

Ku Klux Klan affect the South because it helped the reverse Reconstruction in the South