british national party activist handbook

7/31/2019 British National Party Activist Handbook

1/57


2/57

Blumhtcgj ) \rhcjcje

Hmtcvcsts% Euclb

]BM\CGJ \C\DB

8* Cjtrglumtcgj

6* Httctulb

=* Dbhidbtcje

\C[]8 [rhmtcmhd tcps igr dbhidbtcje


3/57


Grehjcsbrs% Euclb

]BM\CGJ

8* Vbecgjs$ frhjm`bs$ ergups ) mgjthmts6* Vbecstbrcje [hrty giicmchds=* Frhjm ) ergup sthtus cjlcmhtgrs\C[]8 Grehjcsbrs% m`bmadcst\C[]6 Vbmgoobjlbl hmtcvctcbs\C[]= Vbspgjscfcdctcbs gi t`b Vbecgjhd Grehjcsbr


4/57


5/57


6/57


`cdb ct cs trub t`ht t`b ohngrcty gi Frctcs` pbgpdb suppgrt gur sthjmb gj vcrtuhddy bvbry hrbh gi pgdcmy$

t`by mdbhrdy lg jgt suppgrt gur [hrty* \ cs cs dhrebdy lub tg gur %coheb%* \g h mbrthcj bxtbjt$ t csUcoheb cs lbtbrocjbl fy t`b oblch w`g prblcmthfdy pgrtrhy us cj h fhl dce t tg lcssuhlb pbgpdbirgo vgtcje igr us*

Cj t`b phst t`b jhtcgjhdcst ogvbobjt tbjlbl tg fb`hvb cj whys t`ht mgjicrobl jbehtcvb oblch stbrbgtypbs* Ct%s

copgrthjt t`brbigrb t`ht gur hmtcvcsts fb`hvb cj h why t`ht mhj gjdy rbidbmt mrblct gj t`b [hrty hjl `bdp lbogdcs

t`b stbrbgtypcmhd coheb* Ub oust bjlbhvgur tg prbsbjt gursbdvbs hs grlcjhry bvbrylhy mctczbjs wct nustcichfdb

mgjmbrjs$ hjl wct prhmtcmhd$ pgsctcvb hjswbrs* Ogrb copgrthjtdy$ wb oust lbvbdgp hjl susthcj h sbjsb gi

rbhdcso ci wb hrb tg bjlurb t cs strueedb cj t`b dgje tbro* Vgob whsj%t fucdt cj h lhy hjl jbct br cs bdbmtgrhd

summbss gr h rbputhtcgj igr mgooujcty dbhlbrs`cp* Ub oustj%t hddgw gursbdvbs tg fbmgob lbogrhdcsbl ci t`cjes

lgj%t ogvb igrwhrl hs qucmady hs wb%l dcab gr w`bj wb bxpbrcbjmb h sbt/fhma*

U cdb ct%s trub t`ht ogst pbgpdb suppgrt gur pgdcmcbs$ ohjy hrb hdsg hpht btcm$ jbrvgus gr lcscdduscgjbl wct hdd

pgdctcmchjs* Ohjy nust whjt h qucbt dcib* Gmmhscgjhddy t`b oblch dhujm h vcmcgus htthma gj t`b FJ[* \`cs oce`t

rbidbmt t`b Bsthfdcs`objt%s hdhro ht gur bdbmtgrhd summbssbs gr ct ohy fb mbjtrbl rgujl gjb phrtcmudhr bvbjt* Ht

t`bsb tcobs$ hdd sgrts gi pbgpdb ujbxpbmtbldy bxprbss suppgrt igr t`b FJ[* \`bsb hrb rcpb tcobs igr rbmructobjt$

fut fb prbphrbl igr t`b sdhma pbrcgls tgg*

\`b Frctcs` pbgpdb `hvb fbbj mgwbl fy lbmhlbs gi rbdbjtdbss dcfbrhd prgphehjlh$ ohjy hrb phrhdysbl fy h sbjsb

gi pgwbrdbssjbss hjl `gpbdbssjbss* Gur ngf cs tg rbvcthdcsb hjl rbcjvcegrhtb t`bo$ sg lgj%t hddgw ygursbdi tg

fbmgob lcspcrctbl w`bj t`cjes lgj%t hppbhr tg fb ogvcje igrwhrl hs qucmady hs wb wgudl wcs`*

Vbobofbr$ gjb obofbr%s jbehtcvcty mhj hiibmt t`b ogrhdb gi t`gsb hrgujl t`bo* Hdwhys sbt t`b bxhopdb hjl

rhcsb ogrhdb w`bj ygu lbtbmt dgw spcrcts cj gt brs* Ci ygu sbb gr `bhr gi sgob cjtbrjhd ihcdcje wct cj t`b phrty$

t`bj giibr tg `bdp tg put ct rce t* Ct%s icjb tg giibr mgjstrumtcvb mrctcmcso tg t`gsb cjvgdvbl$ gr bvbj tg rbpgrt ct

qucbtdy tg h ogrb sbjcgr giicmchd$ fut grlcjhry obofbrs hrgujl ygu$ hjl bspbmchddy jbwmgobrs$ s`gudl gjdy

`bhr eggl jbws hfgut t`b [hrty* Abbp t cjes pgsctcvb hjl hvgcl hjy cjlcvcluhds ygu ohy mgob hmrgss w`g hrb

jbehtcvb* Hdsg$ fb prbphrbl igr hpht`y wct cj t`b [hrty* Ogst obofbrs hrbj%t hmtcvcsts hjl sgobtcobs ygu ohy

wgjlbr w`y sgob pbgpdb ngcjbl ht hdd* Ub wcs ct wbrb gt brwcsb$ fut ct cs h ihmt gi dcib* \ cja gi ct hs ygur

luty tg cjspcrb t`b jgj/hmtcvb obofbrs tg fbmgob hmtcvb fy sbttcje hj bxhopdb* Ybry gitbj w`ht hppbhrs tg fb

hpht y cs cj ihmt h dhma gi dbhlbrs cp gr t`b ihmt t`ht pbgpdb mhj%t sbb h prhmtcmhd why tg `bdp* \ry tg icjl

sgobt cje t`ht bhm` cjlcvcluhd mhj lg*

6 Httctulb


7/57


`b ogst fhscm igro gi hmtcvcso cs dbhidbtcje* Vbeudhr ohss lcstrcfutcgj gi gur jhtcgjhd dbhidbts cs h

scopdb fut cjvhduhfdb why tg fucdl pgpudhr suppgrt hjl tg rbmruct t`b icrst ibw dcvb/wcrbs hrgujl\w`go jbw FJ[ ergups lbvbdgp* \`by s`gudl jgt$ `gwbvbr$ fb usbl / ht dbhst gj t`bcr gwj / cj hrbhsw`brb wb hrb hdrbhly bsthfdcs`bl* Ub ajgw irgo dgje bxpbrcbjmb t`ht sohdd ruj jbce`fgur ggl dbhidbtsw cm` mhophcej gj tgpcmhd dgmhd cssubs hjl mhrry dgmhd mgjthmt juofbrs hdwhys prglumb ihr `ce`br bjqucry rhtbs

hjl vgtbs* Gi mgursb$ cj grlbr tg wgra sg biibmtcvbdy$ sum dbhidbts `hvb tg fb wbdd wgrlbl hjl jbhtdy lbscejbl*

H tce tdy phmabl$ dgje hjl fgrcje pgdctcmhd bsshy wgj%t bvbj ebt rbhl* Igr ohxcouo cophmt ygu s`gudl hdwhys

igddgw t`b egdlbj rudb gi hlvbrtcscje Dbss cs Ogrb*

\`b FJ[ [ufdcmcty Lbphrtobjt prglumbs %[htrcgt% dbhidbt tbopdhtbs$ hdd rbhly tg fb mustgocsbl fy t`b hllctcgj gi

h ibw dgmhd lbthcds* \`by hrb prgibsscgjhddy lbscejbl tg hm cbvb ohxcouo cophmt bvbj w`bj m`bhpdy prglumbl

gj lcecthd prcjtbrs* Hdd gur rbecgjs hjl ohjy gi gur ogrb summbssiud ujcts `hvb hdrbhly cjvbstbl cj t`bcr gwj

lcecthd prcjtbrs* Sgur Vbecgjhd Grehjcsbr wcdd put ygu cj tgum` wct sgobgjb w`g mhj prcjt dbhidbts igr ygu ht

mgst prcmb# ujtcd ygur gwj Ergup `hs ergwj bjgue tg fb hfdb tg hiigrl cts gwj prcjtbr*

\ cs ohabs ct bhscbr t`hj bvbr fbigrb igr bvbj jbw ujcts tg put gut t`bcr gwj$ `ce dy biibmtcvb$ dgmhdcsbl

pufdcmcty ohtbrchd$ w`cm s`gws vgtbrs t`ht t`b FJ[ cs ohlb up gi dgmhd pbgpdb w`g `hvb sgob eggl clbhs

hfgut `gw tg sbrvb t`bcr mgooujcty* \`bsb dbhidbts lg oum tg lcspbd t`b ihr rce t bxtrbocst stbrbgtypb

pgrtrhybl cj t`b gppgsctcgj%s sobhr s`bbts*

Ci ygu mhj%t t cja cooblchtbdy gi hjy eggl dgmhd cssubs tg ebt ygur tbbt cjtg$ t`bj fbecj h lggr/tg/lggr

Irbblgo shdbs rgujl hjl hsa ygur rbeudhrs hfgut t`b dgmhd cssubs w cm` ogst mgjmbrj t`bo* Sgu mgudl hdsg

lcstrcfutb h Eruofdb ]`bbt hdsg hvhcdhfdb hs h dgmhdcshfdb tbopdhtb# hjl thab jgtb gi t`b ibblfhma* Sgu gjdy

jbbl tg mhophcej tg sgrt gut h mgupdb gi sbbocjedy cjscejcicmhjt dgmhd prgfdbos tg fbecj fucdlcje t`b rbputhtcgj

igr biibmtcvb mgooujcty wgra*

Jgtb t`ht$ hdt`gue wb gitbj usb t`b scopdb cjctchds %FJ[% cj cjtbrjhd fggadbts sum hs t`cs$ hjl w`cdb gur Rjcgj

Idhe FJ[ dgeg cs fgt `ce dy rbmgejcshfdb hjl cjmrbhscjedy pgpudhr$ t`b cjctchds %FJ[% `hvb tg hj bxtbjt fbbj

turjbl cjtg h lbogjcsbl the fy t`b oblch* %Frctcs Jhtcgjhd [hrty% sgujls oum ogrb rbhsgjhfdb hjl

%mgoigrthfdb%$ w cm` cs w`y t`b dcfbrhd oblch `hrldy bvbr usb gur iudd jhob ujdbss sgobgjb mgjjbmtbl tg us

`hs lgjb sgobt cje t`by mhj pgrtrhy hs fhl(# \g mgofht t cs ygu s`gudl usb t`b iudd jhob$ Frctcs` Jhtcgjhd

[hrty$ cj ygur tbxt$ bspbmchddy jbhr t`b fbecjjcje gi w`ht ygu wrctb*

Jbvbr igrebt h pcmturb cs wgrt h t`gushjl wgrls* Ogst vgtbrs hrbj%t cjtbrbstbl cj gur pgdctcmhd vcbws$ fut t`by

wcdd rbspgjl pgsctcvbdy tg hjyt cje t`by mhj sbb us lgcje tg ohab t`bcr hrbh hjl t`bcr dcvbs h dcttdb fbttbr*

Ogrb copgrthjtdy$ t`by%dd rbobofbr w`ht wb%vb lgjb igr t`bo gj pgddcje lhy*

= Dbhidbtcje


8/57

j \ry tg wgra cj tbhos gi bct`br 6 gr


9/57

uscjbss mhrl sczbl$ t`bsb mhrry h scopdb FJ[ obssheb hjl mgjthmt lbthcds igr t`b [hrty* \`by%rb

ujgftruscvb hjl mhj bhscdy fb dbit cj pdhmbs w`brb t`by%dd fb igujl fy t`b pufdcm$ sum hs trhcjs$ fusbs$FH\O ohm`cjbs$ tbdbp`gjb fgxbs hjl jbws sthjls* Lgj%t dbhvb t`bo tumabl fb cjl wcjlsmrbbj wcpbrsgj mhrs ujdbss ygu whjt hj hjery p`gjb mhdd* Jg gjb dcabs tg t cja sgobgjb `hs fbbj thopbrcje wct t`bcrmhr*

< Mhddcje Mhrls



10/57


`b [hrty jbwsphpbr$Irbblgo$ cs lbscejbl tg fb sgdl gj t`b lggr* Ct%s jgt lbscejbl gr wrcttbj hs hj

gutsczb dbhidbt hjl uscje ct hs h dbhidbt `hs prgvbl ujprglumtcvb cj tbros gi rbmructobjt* Ct%s sg\mgoprb`bjscvb t`ht ogst syopht csbrs w`g rbhl ct `hppcdy hssuob t`by jgw ajgw hdd hfgut t`b FJ[hjl sg lgj%t fgt`br tg bjqucrb* Fut ct%s bjqucrcbs t`ht ecvb ygu t`b %dbhls% tg vcsct hs igddgw/ups$ hjl ct%s t`gsbvcscts t`ht turj syopht csbrs cjtg obofbrs*

Ct cs wrcttbj igr h threbt hulcbjmb gi strgje suppgrtbrs w`g ohy$ hs h rbsudt gi rbhlcje ct rbeudhrdy$ lbmclb tg vgtb

igr us*

Bsthfdcs cje ùjlrbls gi lggr/tg/lggr shdbs rgujls cs gjb gi t`b [hrty%s ogst copgrthjt gfnbmtcvbs hjl bvbry

scjedb ujct s`gudl fb lgcje ct* Ct `hs prgvbl h trcbl hjl tbstbl obt`gl gi wcjjcje suppgrt hjl `hs rbsudtbl cj t`b

bdbmtcgj gi FJ[ mgujmcddgrs cj hrbhs wct h rbeudhr mcrmudhtcgj*

Sgu s`gudl fbecj fy sbdbmtcje h threbt whrl* Sgur threbt whrl s`gudl fb mgophmt wct bhscdy hmmbsscfdb

prgpbrtcbs* \ry tg hvgcl hrbhs wct h `ce juofbr gi p`gjb bjtry idhts gr h dhreb bt`jcm pgpudhtcgj* Ct s`gudl

hdsg fb bhsy igr ygur hmtcvcsts tg trhvbd tg hjl fb jbct br tgg upohrabt jgr tgg lbprcvbl*

Fbecj fy lcstrcfutcje dgmhd [htrcgt dbhidbts icrst tg ebjbrhtb cjtbrbst$ t`bj igddgw t cs up fy sbddcjeIrbblgo gj

t`b lggr* Ct%s fbst tg lg t cs ht icrst cj phcrs$ clbhddy h ohj hjl h wgohj gr twg hmtcvcsts irgo lciibrbjt heb

ergups*

Cj hj hvbrheb whrl ct%s pgsscfdb tg hm`cbvb sbvbrhd ùjlrbl shdbs* \`gsb pbgpdb w`g fuy t`b phpbr s`gudl fb rb/

vcsctbl bvbry ogjt wct t`b jbxt blctcgj hjl sg h rbeudhr rgujl mhj fb fucdt up* ]gob wcdd lrgp gut hjl fb

rbpdhmbl fy gt brs fut ygu%dd fb dbit wct h dhreb shdb$ hjl scjmb ygur threbt whrl wcdd fb mgophmt$ sbrvcmcje t`b

rgujl bvbry cssub wcdd fb rbdhtcvbdy bhsy*

\ cs hmtcvcty mhj ebjbrhtb oum jbblbl iujls igr ygur ujct fbmhusb mgddbmtcje sohdd hogujts gi ogjby irgo

dgts gi pbgpdb rbeudhrdy cs t`b fbst why tg euhrhjtbb stbhly rbvbjub* Irgo gur bxpbrcbjmb$ ogst pbgpdb ecvb

ogrb t`hj t`b mgvbr prcmb$ usuhddy `hjlcje gvbr h pgujl mgcj hjl tbddcje us tg abbp t`b m`hjeb*

Gjmb ygu `hvb bsthfdcs`bl h rbdhtcgjs cp wct h mustgobr$ hdwhys hsa t`bo ci t`by mhj tbdd ygu gi hjygjb bdsb

dgmhddy w`g wgudl fb abbj tg fuy h mgpy* Rsb t`b icrst mustgobr%s jhob hs hj cmbfrbhabr wct ygur jbw

%prgspbmt%* ]um rbibrrhds hrb trbhtbl hs egdl lust fy prgibsscgjhd shdbsobj t`by s`gudl fb tg ygu tgg*

Hjgt br fbjbict gi h rbeudhr rgujl cs t`ht ct ecvbs us t`b gppgrtujcty tg phss gj t cjes dcab Bxmhdcfur

obrm`hjlcsb frgmùrbs hjl mgpcbs gi Clbjtcty tg rhcsb bvbj ogrb rbvbjub* Ub mhj hdsg dbhvb t`bo frhjm

fuddbtcjs$ sohdd fujldbs gi dbhidbts tg phss gj tg ircbjls hjl ihocdy$ hjl cjvctb t`bo tg obbtcjes* Fy mhddcje

rbeudhrdy tg sbdd bvbry cssub gi t`b phpbr$ ygu fucdl h icro suppgrt fhsb irgo w cm` wb mhj rbmruct jbw

obofbrs$ hmtcvcsts hjl mgujmcd mhjlclhtbs*

H rbeudhrIrbblgo shdbs rgujl cs hdsg t`b fbst why tg pcma up t`b dgmhd ajgwdbleb gj w cm` tg fucdl

mgooujcty pgdctcms mhophcejs hjl tg put cj ygur dgmhdcsbl [htrcgt dbhidbts* Ebt tg ajgw ygur dgmhd mgooujcty$

wcj t`bcr trust$ icjl gut w`ht t`bcr mgjmbrjs hrb$ hjl mgob bdbmtcgj tcob$ ygu%dd icjl ygu `hvb h w`gdb jbw fhjl

gi mgjvbrts rbhly tg vgtb FJ[*

2 [hpbr ]bddcje


11/57


12/57


\`bsb hrb rbhddy usbiud hmtcvctcbs hjl sbrvb igur copgrthjt purpgsbs>

c* Ci ygu `gdl h ibw gi t`bo cj lciibrbjt hrbhs$ t`by mhj prgvclb h eggl cjlcmhtcgj gi t`b dbvbd gi suppgrt cj

t`gsb pdhmbs hjl mhj `bdp ygu lbmclb w`brb ygur threbt whrl s`gudl fb*

cc* \`by rhcsb hwhrbjbss gi t`b [hrty hjl ebjbrhtb bxtrh cjmgob t`rgue` t`b lcstrcfutcgj gi dbhidbts hjl shdbs gi

Irbblgo*

ccc* \`by mhj$ ci sthebl prgpbrdy$ lg ogrb t`hj hjyt cje bdsb tg hdtbr t`b jbehtcvb pufdcm pbrmbptcgj gi us w cm`

`hs fbbj sg summbssiuddy ibl tg t`bo fy t`b oblch igr lbmhlbs*

cv* Gjmb ygu%vb egt pbgpdb jbhr h thfdb ct cs vbry bhsy tg ebt t`bo tg scej t`b pbtctcgj t`ht ygu `hvb gj ct hs

wbdd* \ cs mgudl fb sgobt cje dcab h pbtctcgj tg prbss t`b dgmhd hut`grcty tg usb gjdy obht irgo hjcohds stujjbl

fbigrb acddcje / hs gppgsbl tg rctuhddy sdhue`tbrbl / cj sm`ggd obhds* Gjmb pbgpdb scej ygur pbtctcgj$ ct cs bhscbr

tg ebt t`bo tg lg gt br t cjes igr ygu cj iuturb* Cj hllctcgj$ ygu%dd t`bj `hvb h dcst gi jhobs hjl hllrbssbs tgmgjthmt igr t cjes sum hs ebttcje scejhturbs gj jgocjhtcgj phpbrs hjl igr lcrbmt ohcds`gts ht mrumchd bdbmtcgj

tcobs*

M`ggsb h dgmhtcgj$ prbibrhfdy gjb wct `bhvy iggt trhiicm gj h ]hturlhy ogrjcje* \ cs mgudl fb gj h wclb

phvbobjt mdgsb tg h s`gppcje prbmcjmt gr gj t`b hpprghm tg h supbrohrabt* Ohab surb ygu hrbj%t gfstrumtcje

pblbstrchjs gr trbsphsscje gj prcvhtb prgpbrty gt`brwcsb ygu mhj fb ogvbl gj*

Brbmt h igdlcje thfdb hjl lrhpb bct`br h fhjjbr gr h idhe lgwj t b irgjt* Lgj%t usb gur jhtcgjhd idhe hs h

thfdbmdgt * Dghl t`b thfdb wct mgpcbs gi Irbblgo hjl hj hssgrtobjt gi dbhidbts tg ecvb hwhy* Ohab surb ygu

`hvb pbgpdb ohjjcje t`b thfdb w`g hrb prbphrbl tg hjswbr qubstcgjs irgo t`b pufdcm hjl h stgma gi

obofbrs cp hppdcmhtcgj igros igr t`b tcobs ygu ebt dumay*

Lgj%t sbdd obrm`hjlcsb ht thfdb tgp shdbs* Sgu lgj%t jbbl h ]trbbt \rhlbrs% Dcmbjmb tg lcstrcfutb pgdctcmhd

dctbrhturb fut ygu LG jbbl gjb tg sbdd obrm`hjlcsb*

Sgur thfdb tgp shdb s`gudl dhst igr hj `gur tg 3; ocjutbs t`bj phma up gr ogvb gj* Sgu s`gudl `hvb h eggl clbh

fy t`b bjl gi t`cs tcob `gw oum suppgrt t`b [hrty `hs cj t`b hrbh*

Vbobofbr$ t cs cs h pufdcm rbdhtcgjs bxbrmcsb hs oum hs hjyt cje bdsb*

Ubdd prbsbjtbl$ grlcjhry dggacje$ `hppy hmtcvcsts wcdd surprcsb t`b pufdcm fbmhusb ct%s jgt w`ht t`by bxpbmt* \`b

jbxt tcob t`by sbb h fujm` gi s`hvbj `bhlbl iggtfhdd t`ues pgrtrhybl gj \Y hs t`b FJ[$ t`by%dd rbobofbr w`ht

t`by shw hjl t`b sbbls gi lguft wcdd fb sgwj hs tg w`bt br t`by%rb fbcje s`gwj t`b trut *

9 \hfdb \gp ]hdbs


13/57

j \ry tg `hvb h eggl ocx gi obj hjl wgobj hjl h vhrcbty gi heb rhjebs*Oclldb hebl wgobj hjl rbtcrbl pbgpdb mhj fb phrtcmudhrdy biibmtcvb cjhdtbrcje t`b pufdcm pbrmbptcgj gi gur coheb*

j Lgj%t wbhr fhsbfhdd mhps$ sujedhssbs gr hjyt`cje bdsb w cm` gfsmurbsygur ihmb* Ub hrbj%t hs`hobl gi w`g wb hrb* Dbt t`b pufdcm thab h eggl dggaht us hjl sbb t`ht wb%rb jg lciibrbjt tg t`bo*

j Ohab surb sgobgjb bxpbrcbjmbl cs gj `hjl tg lbhd wct lcrbmt qubstcgjsirgo phssbrs fy*

j Ci ygu bjmgujtbr hjy ujpdbhshjtjbss irgo h obofbr gi t`b pufdcm$ sthymhdo$ obhsurbl hjl pgdctb* Lgj%t rhcsb ygur vgcmb cj rbpdy* Hjymgjirgjthtcgjhd fb`hvcgur wcdd httrhmt httbjtcgj$ sg coprbss t`b pufdcm wct ygur ohturcty hjl eggl ohjjbrs hjl dbhvb t`b rbputhtcgj gi %heerbsscvbdgut% wct ygur gppgjbjt* Hllrbss obj hjl wgobj hs %scr% hjl %oh%ho%*Mgurtbsy hjl ehddhjtry ohy fb gdl ihs cgjbl fut ct mhj fb bxtrbobdylcshrocje cj t`bsb oglbrj tcobs*

j Hdwhys `hvb ht dbhst gjb Rjcgj Idhe t`b rce`t why up(# hjl gjb %dgmhd% jhtcgjhd idhe / h Mrgss gi ]t* Ebgreb$ ]t* Hjlrbw gr ]t* Lhvcl / hs

hpprgprchtb*

Mrbhtcje hj Coprbsscgj

Ht Sgur \hfdb \gp ]hdb


14/57


`cdst ogst hmtcvcsts hrb `hppy tg lcstrcfutb dbhidbts$ ohjy wcdd s`y hwhy irgo mhjvhsscje* \g

sgobgjb w`g%s jbvbr lgjb ct fbigrb$ ajgmacje gj lggrs ujhjjgujmbl tg prgogtb t`b [hrty mhjUsbbo dcab h lhujtcje thsa$ fut t cs pbrsgjhd tgum`$ gur ihmbs gj pbgpdb%s lggrstbps$ thdacje cj hjgrohd ohjjbr hfgut t`bcr mgjmbrjs$ cs gur truop mhrl hjl ct%s hdsg fgt bhsy hjl rbwhrlcje* \`b vhst ohngrctygi pbgpdb herbb wct gur pgdcmcbs fut wgj%t gpbjdy suppgrt us fbmhusb gi gur coheb$ hjl fbmhusb t`by hrb

lbbpdy lcscdduscgjbl fy gut/gi/tgum Bsthfdcs`objt pgdctcmchjs*Hs wct thfdb tgp shdbs$ wb mhj gvbrmgob t`cs

fy fbcje sbbj hjl thdacje tg pbgpdb lcrbmtdy*

\`b ohcjstrbho phrtcbs lgj%t `hvb t`b ohjpgwbr gr t`b cjmdcjhtcgj tg thda tg t`b Frctcs` pufdcm hjyogrb* \`by

rbdy gj t`b oblch$ ogjby hjl hlvbrtcscje tg ebt t`bcr obsshebs hmrgss* Ub$ `gwbvbr$ hrb t`b [hrty gi t`b [bgpdb

hjl$ hs sum $ mhjvhsscje cs gur strgje/pgcjt* \`brb%s vcrtuhddy jg m`hjmb gi h smrbhobr mgocje gut jgt dbhst

fbmhusb ygu lgj%t nust ajgw w`brb t`by dcvb$ fbmhusb ygu `hvb t`b Bdbmtgrhd Vbecstbr$ ygu bvbj ajgw t`bcr

jhob#* Ohjy pbgpdb hrb hmtcvbdy pdbhsbl tg sbb us* Ohjy gi gur mhjvhssbrs hrb erbbtbl wct %Ht dhst(%$ %Hfgut

tcob% hjl bvbj %\`hja Egl%* \`b wgrst t`ht mhj `hppbj cs t`ht pbgpdb scopdy shy %Jg$ t`hja ygu%$ hjl ct%s rhrb

t`ht hjygjb bvbj hsas hj hwawhrl qubstcgj* Rsuhddy ct%s t`b `gusb`gdlbr w`g lgbs hdd t`b thdacje igr ygu*

Sgu%dd mgob hwhy irgo ohjy lggrs ibbdcje tbj iggt thdd(

Igr mhjvhsscje$ lrbss cj h sohrt fut mhsuhd ohjjbr hjl mhrry h mdcpfghrl$ pbj$ h mgpy gi t`b bdbmtgrhd rbecstbr$ h

ohp gi t`b hrbh$ dgmhd dbhidbts hjl mgpcbs gi pgsthd vgtb$ prgxy vgtb hjl bdbmtgrhd rbecstrhtcgj igros* Ub jbbl tg

fb surb t`ht hdd gur suppgrtbrs hrb hmtuhddy rbecstbrbl tg vgtb*

\`brb hrb ohjy cjsthjmbs jgw cj w cm` wb%vb mgob wct cj gjdy h ibw vgtbs gi gutrce`t vcmtgry sg ct%s vcthd t`ht

wb bjmgurheb bvbry scjedb suppgrtbr tg ebt gj t`b Bdbmtgrhd Vbecstbr* H suppgrtbr wct`gut h vgtb cs hs oum usb

tg us hs h fcmymdb wct`gut w bbds / ct wgj%t ebt us hjyw`brb*

Sgu s`gudl hdsg thab h sohdd suppdy gi Ygtbr Vbecstrhtcgj igros pcma t`bo up ht ygur dgmhd mgujmcd giicmbs#

wct ygu* Sgu wcdd quctb gitbj icjl hj hrbh w`brb t`brb cs h dgt gi suppgrt$ fut t`bj jgtcmb `gusbs w`brb jg gjb

cs rbecstbrbl tg vgtb* Ci ct%s h smruiiy$ lcrty pdhmb mdbhrdy cj`hfctbl fy dgw/dcvbs$ t`bj ecvb ct h ocss$ fut ci ct dggas

lbmbjt ajgma gj t`b lggr hjl icjl gut ci t`b gmmuphjts hrb syopht btcm* Ci t`by hrb$ bxpdhcj t`ht t`by mhj gjdy

vgtb igr us ci t`by hrb rbecstbrbl hjl hsa t`bo tg icdd cj t`b igro t`brb hjl t`bj / fbcje h `bdpiud pbrsgj ygu%dd

bvbj thab ct hwhy hjl pgst ct igr t`bo(

Ct cs hfsgdutbdy vcthd t`ht ygu usb h scopdb hjl sthjlhrlcsbl why gi rbmgrlcje rbspgjsbs gj t`b lupdcmhtb mgpy gi

t`b [gddcje Lcstrcmt sbmtcgj gi t`b Bdbmtgrhd Vbecstbr t`ht cs ygur aby mhjvhsscje tggd* Gjmb ygu `hvb spgabj tg

sgobgjb ht h `gusb$ jbhtdy ohra h S igr %Sbs% vgtbrs$ [ igr %[gsscfdb%$ hjl J igr %Jg%* Ci ygu ebt h pgsctcvb

hjswbr irgo gjb pbrsgj try tg icjl gut ci gt brs dcvcje ht t`b shob hllrbss ibbd t`b shob why* Sgu%vb egt hdd

igur vgtbs `brb cs gjb gi t`b rbsudts t`ht ohabs mhjvhsscje gj h mgdl bvbjcje rbhddy wgrt w`cdb(

\`bsb s`bbts hrb cjvhduhfdb* Ct%s jgt nust hfgut clbjtciycje hjl ogfcdcscje ygur mgrb vgtb ht bdbmtcgj tcobs / t`by

mhj hdsg fb usbl tg ebt jgocjhtcgj phpbrs icddbl cj qucmady$ tg bsthfdcs` hIrbblgo shdbs rgujl$ tg cjvctb pbgpdb

tg obbtcjes$ hjl tg smgut igr cjlcvcluhds w`g wcdd `bdp wct FJ[/fhmabl mgooujcty cjctchtcvbs*

5 Mhjvhsscje


15/57

]gmchdcscje


gmchdcscje cs hj copgrthjt bdbobjt cj fucdlcje tbho spcrct hjl hmtcvcsts wcdd turj gut ogrb rbeudhrdy hjl

wgra `hrlbr ci t`by ibbd phrt gi h tbho* Hitbr hjy hmtcvcty$ ebt tgebt`br sgobw`brb shib hjl mgjvbjcbjt]igr h lrcja hjl h m`ht hitbrwhrls*]gmchd bvbjts s`gudl fb hj copgrthjt phrt gi hjy ujct%s hmtcvcty* \`by hrb gitbj t`b fbst why tg cjtrglumb

`bscthjt jbw obofbrs hjl ebt t`bo tg fbmgob hmtcvb* Ocddcgjs gi pbgpdb t`bsb lhys dcvb vbry dgjbdy hjl

csgdhtbl dcvbs* \`b lbmdcjb gi t`b ihocdy hjl t`b frbha/up gi trhlctcgjhd mgooujctcbs obhj t`ht t`brb cs h fce

ehp cj t`b dcvbs gi `ueb juofbrs gi pbribmtdy lbmbjt pbgpdb* Icddcje t`ht ehp$ ecvcje pbgpdb hj %hdtbrjhtcvb

bxtbjlbl ihocdy%$ cs t`b ogst pgwbriud rbmructcje tggd ygu `hvb*

Igr bvbry pgdctcmhd obbtcje ygu `gdl$ ct%s hdsg h eggl clbh tg grehjcsb h sgmchd bvbjt igr hmtcvcsts hjl t`bcr

ihocdcbs* Fhrfbqubs$ `grsb(# rhmb jce`ts$ sce`t/sbbcje trcps$ 83


16/57

`b Frctcs` Jhtcgjhd [hrty sbbas tg rbprbsbjt gur pbgpdb lcrbmtdy hs h jhtcgjhd mgooujcty cj Frctcs`

sgmcbty* Hdd gt`br bt`jcm mgooujctcbs cj t`b RA `hvb bt`jg/spbmcicm grehjcshtcgjs tg rbprbsbjt t`bcr\mgooujcty cjtbrbsts / fut jgt t`b cjlcebjgus Frctcs`* Gur pbgpdb `hvb jg dgffy ergups$ m`hrctcbs$ rhmbrbdhtcgjs dhwybrs$ oblch gutdbts gr mgooujcty rbprbsbjthtcvbs tg ice`t t`bcr mgrjbr$ sg ct%s jg wgjlbr t`byhdwhys ebt s`gvbl tg t`b fhma gi t`b qubub*

Ub oust grehjcsb hjl bjbrecsb t`b scdbjt ohngrcty cj gur mgooujcty w`g lg jgt vgtb$ cjtg vgtcje igr us$ hjl

cjtg ebttcje cjvgdvbl cj sgob why hjl dgmhd sgmchd hjl mgooujcty bvbjts hrb oum ogrb httrhmtcvb tg jgj/

pgdctcmhd pbgpdb t`hj phrty pgdctcms* \`cs prgmbss gi ujdgmacje t`b vgtb gi t`b scdbjt ohngrcty cjvgdvbs jgt nust

ecvcje gur pbgpdb h pgdctcmhd m`gcmb gj t`b fhddgt phpbr$ fut hdsg cjvgdvcje gur hmtcvcsts lcrbmtdy cj mgooujcty

fucdlcje*

Mgooujcty hmtcvcso obhjs gur hmtcvcsts ebttcje cjvgdvbl cj t`b hiihcrs gi t`bcr jbce`fgur ggl ht hdd dbvbds*

\`cs mgudl cjmdulb hppdycje tg fb sm`ggd egvbrjgrs$ vgdujtbbrcje igr mgooujcty prgnbmts$ wgra wct

ygujestbrs gr pbjscgjbrs$ grehjcscje mgooujcty bvbjts hjl sbbacje tg fb bdbmtbl gjtg mgooujcty ergups t`ht

ruj dgmhd erhss/rggts prgnbmts* Ci ygur mgooujcty lgbs ct$ ygu s`gudl prgfhfdy fb cjvgdvbl$ hjl ci ct%s jgt fbcje

lgjb$ pbr`hps ygu s`gudl fb dbhlcje ct(

Ub%vb `hl sgob ohngr summbssbs$ igr bxhopdb$ wct dgmhd ergups sbt up tg bjmgurheb t`b mbdbfrhtcgj gi ]t*

Ebgreb%s Lhy* Iuj hmtcvctcbs igr m cdlrbj hjl ihocdcbs w cm` hrb dcjabl tg gur M rcstchj `brctheb / sum hs [hmb/

Beecje cj ohjy jgrt brj tgwjs / hrb phrtcmudhrdy sucthfdb mhjlclhtbs igr rbvcvhd hs pgpudhr hwhrbjbss gi t`b

ergwcje pgwbr gi Csdho cjmrbhsbs cjtbrbst cj hjl suppgrt igr gur gwj rbdcecgus hjl mudturhd trhlctcgjs*

Mgooujcty Dbhlbrs`cp3



17/57

jmb pgdctcmhd gr mgooujcty hmtcvcso `hs httrhmtbl h pgtbjtchd rbmruct$ wb `hvb tg %mdgsb t`b lbhd% hjl ebt

t`bo scejbl up* U`bj h obofbr gi t`b pufdcm bjqucrbs hfgut t`b [hrty t`by%rb sbjt hj cjigrohtcgjGphma hjl t`bcr lbthcds hrb igrwhrlbl tg t`b dgmhd ujct vch t`b Vbecgjhd Grehjcsbr* Ct%s t`b ujct%srbspgjscfcdcty tg ohab h pbrsgjhd vcsct tg bvbry bjqucrbr* Ybry ibw gi t`bo wcdd ngcj gj t`bcr gwj hmmgrl ci hddt`by sbb gi us cs hj cjigrohtcgj phma* Ogst pbgpdb lgj%t ngcj h phrty gr h sbt gi clbhs t`by ngcj pbgpdb dcab

t`bo* ]g ci t`by hrb jgt vcsctbl$ t`by wcdd dgsb cjtbrbst hjl fb dgst tg us*

Ogst bjqucrbrs mgjthmt t`b [hrty %gj t`b spur gi t`b ogobjt% hs h rbsudt gi hjebr ht sgobt cje t`by%vb rbhl cj

t`b phpbr gr sbbj gj \Y$ sg ct%s copgrthjt tg lg t`b igddgw up hs qucmady hs pgsscfdb tg `hrjbss t`bcr cjlcejhtcgj

tg gur mhusb fbigrb ct mggds gii*

Hs wct lggr/tg/lggr shdbs$ ct%s fbst tg `hvb h ohj hjl wgohj mhdd gj jbw bjqucrbrs hs ct%s dbss cjtcoclhtcje*

Sgu s`gudl mhdd ujhjjgujmbl* ]gobtcobs t`cs wcdd mhusb bofhrrhssobjt$ igr bxhopdb$ ci t`b bjqucrbr turjs gut

tg fb h tbbjhebr w`g ohlb t`b bjqucry wct`gut t`b phrbjt%s ajgwdbleb gr h `usfhjl w`gsb wcib csj%t gjsclb*

Fut t`b ujhjjgujmbl vcsct cs copgrthjt fbmhusb wb jbbl tg hssbss t`b bjqucrbr tg icjl gut w`bt br t`by%rb

ebjucjb gr jgt t b vhst ohngrcty hrb$ gi mgursb#*

Ohab ygur vcsct dggacje prgibsscgjhd hjl sohrtdy lrbssbl$ hjl mhrry h rhjeb gi [hrty dctbrhturb hjl obofbrs`cp

igros* \ry tg ebt t`bo tg ngcj$ lgjhtb hjl fbmgob hmtcvb* Ht t`b vbry dbhst$ ebt t`bo tg herbb tg thab Irbblgo

bvbry ogjt *


Igddgw/ups8;


18/57

vbry ujct `hs jgj/hmtcvb obofbrs hjl suppgrtbrs pbgpdb w`g herbb wct us fut `hvbj%t ngcjbl igr

w`htbvbr rbhsgj# smhttbrbl hmrgss t`bcr hrbh* Ct%s bssbjtchd t`ht ygu abbp cj tgum` wct t`bsb pbgpdb gj hBrbeudhr fhscs fy sbjlcje t`bo frhjm fuddbtcjs hjl cjvcthtcgjs tg obbtcjes*\`by s`gudl fb vcsctbl irgo tcob tg tcob$ t`by s`gudl hdd fb bjmgurhebl tg sufsmrcfb tg Irbblgo hjl'gr

Clbjtcty hjl suppdcbl wct sohdd quhjtctcbs gi dbhidbts tg dbhvb gj fusbs$ cj dcfrhry fggas hjl sg gj* Jgj/hmtcvb

obofbrs s`gudl hdsg fb bjmgurhebl tg lgjhtb tg t`b [hrty sg t`ht hmtcvb obofbrs mhj hiigrl tg purm`hsb t`b

dbhidbts jbmbsshry tg prgogtb gur mhusb* Cj t`ht why$ t`by mhj ibbd t`ht t`by hrb pdhycje t`bcr phrt lbspctb fbcje

ujhfdb gr ujwcddcje tg pgujl t`b phvbobjts*

\ cs smhttbrcje gi obofbrs hjl suppgrtbrs cs h usbiud sgurmb gi rbvbjub hjl cjigrohtcgj hfgut w`ht%s egcje gj

cj t`bcr hrbhs* \ by%rb hdsg h vcthd fhsb ci ygu jbbl tg sthjl cj hj bdbmtcgj cj t`bcr whrl*

Ycsctcje Obofbrs ) ]uppgrtbrs88



19/57


gmhd ujcts `hvb t`rbb aby iujmtcgjs> rbmructcje jbw obofbrs cj t`bcr gwj hjl jbce`fgurcje hrbhs$

rhcscje iujls$ hjl wgracje tgwhrls bdbmtcgj* Cj sgob hrbhs ht prbsbjt$ sum hs vbry wbhdt`y \gry gjbsDhjl lbogrhdcsbl %scja% bsthtbs$ wb mhjjgt rbhdcstcmhddy bxpbmt tg wcj sbhts$ fut t`brb hrb stcdd t cjes t`htygu mhj lg tg ohxcocsb gur vgtb*

Cj ogrb prgocscje hrbhs ygu%rb dcabdy tg `bhr t`b mgoobjt t`ht bvbrygjb rgujl `brb cs vgtcje FJ[$ fut

wct`gut h erbht lbhd gi wbdd lcrbmtbl$ wbdd threbtbl dgmhd wgra$ wb hrb ujdcabdy tg ebt ogrb t`hj hfgut 6;" gi

t`b vgtb* \ cs cs fbmhusb t`b ohcjstrbho [hrtcbs `hvb wbdd bjtrbjm`bl suppgrt hogje t`b gdlbr pbgpdb w`g

hdwhys vgtb$ w`brbhs ohjy gi gur ogst vgmhd suppgrtbrs lgj%t bvbj ajgw w`brb$ gr `gw$ tg vgtb*

\`b aby tg m`hjecje t cs hjl tg ogfcdcscje t`b jgj/pgdctcmhd ohngrcty tg vgtb FJ[$ cs rbdbjtdbss mgooujcty

wgra* Igrtujhtbdy t`brb%s jgt cje lciicmudt hfgut t`cs hjl ct%s gitbj vbry rbwhrlcje* \`b w`gdb prgmbss irgo

sthrtcje h jbw Ergup tg wcjjcje mgujmcd sbhts mhj fb suoobl up cj scx scopdb stbps

]\B[ 8> Fdhjabt ygur hrbh wct jhtcgjhd dbhidbts* Ohjy pbgpdb wcdd herbb wct t`bsb fut lg jgt cje* @gwbvbr$

h tcjy `hjliud gi dcvb wcrbs wcdd ohab iurt br bjqucrcbs* Eg hjl sbb t`bo sbb Igddgw/Rps# hjl scej t`bo up*

]\B[ 6> Fucdl gj t cs fhsb fy sthrtcje h lggr/tg/lggr Irbblgo rgujl hjl sbddcje t`bo cj dgmhd s`gppcje

prbmcjmts* Hsa bvbrygjb w`g fuys ci t`by mhj ecvb ygu lbthcds gi h ibw ircbjls w`g oce`t hdsg whjt h mgpy$

t`bj eg hjl sbb t`bo tgg*

]\B[ => Cjvctb bjt`uschstcm gr rbeudhr fuybrs tg gjb gr twg sgmchd bvbjts hjl bjmgurheb t`bo tg frcje gjb gr

twg dcab ocjlbl ircbjls jbxt tcob* Lgj%t wgrry ci ygu sthrt gii wct gjdy h `hjliud gi pbgpdb> t`ht%s `gw sgob

gi t`b fceebst frhjm`bs egt egcje*

]\B[ Rsb ygur rbeudhr fuybrs hs ygur bybs hjl bhrs ht strbbt dbvbd* Hsa t`bo hfgut t cjes t`ht jbbl

sgrtcje gut cj t`bcr cooblchtb hrbh$ dcttdb t cjes dcab strbbt dce ts t`ht lgj%t wgra$ idy/tcppcje$ dbhacje lrhcjs hjl

fgrbl ygujestbrs acmacje fhdds hehcjst pbjscgjbrs% fujehdgws hjl ebt ct sgrtbl gut*

]\B[ 2> [cma ygur icrst dgmhd cssubs hjl ebt tg wgra* Mgddbmt h pbtctcgj hjl `hjl ct cj tg t`b dgmhd mgujmcd*

Vbobofbr tg cjvctb t`b dgmhd phpbr$ fut hdsg thab ygur gwj pcmturbs hjl sbjl t`bo tg t`b phpbr$ tg t`b tgwj

wbfsctb hjl tg Irbblgo hjl gur Vbecgjhd Ygcmbs wbfsctb*

]\B[ 9> Ci t`b dgmhd %[gwbrs \`ht Fb% thab jgtcmb hjl sgrt t`b prgfdbo gut$ put gut h scopdb dbhidbt tbddcje dgmhd

rbsclbjts `gw ygu wgj gj t`bcr fb`hdi hjl ecvb ygur mgjthmt lbthcds cjvctcje t`bo tg ebt cj tgum` wct gt br

prgfdbos* Ci$ gj t`b gt`br `hjl$ jgt`cje ebts lgjb$ t`bj ebt h tbho tgebt`br hjl lg ct ygursbdvbs* \hab ogrb

p`gtgerhp`s$ t`bj put gut h dbhidbt hfgut ygur mdbhj up biigrts*Hdd sum dbhidbts objtcgj ygur iuturb dgmhd

mhjlclhtb hs t`b dgmhd FJ[ Mgooujcty \bho Dbhlbr* Lgj%t usb t`b wgrl %mhjlclhtb% gr wrctb hfgut t`b jbxt

bdbmtcgj gt brwcsb t`b mgst gi t`b dbhidbts oust fb mgujtbl hehcjst t`b dcoctbl hogujt ygu mhj spbjl cj t`b

bdbmtcgj mhophcej prgpbr*

Ebt ygur mhjlclhtb%s ihmb hjl jhob ajgwj ht bvbry pgsscfdb gppgrtujcty*

Hsa igr dgmhd vgdujtbbrs tg `bdp ygu lg ogrb* Ogst pbgpdb wcdd hpprbmchtb ygur biigrts fut lg jgt cje$ sg t`b

gmmhscgjhd irbs` vgdujtbbr cs h fce fgjus hjl$ gi mgursb$ h pgtbjtchd rbmruct*

Gjmb ygu%vb egt egcje cj gjb hrbh$ dbhvb t`b mhjlclhtb hjl h mgupdb gi abbj dgmhd `bdpbrs tg abbp phpbr shdbs$

mgooujcty wgra hjl dgmhd jbwsdbttbr lbdcvbry egcje cj t`ht whrl$ hjl rbpbht t`b prgmbss cj hjgt br prgocscje

hrbh* Vbobofbr t`b %ohjy fus icrbs% thmtcm7 \`ht%s rbhddy hdd t`brb cs tg ct* Igddgw t`bsb scopdb stbps hjl ygu%ddebt t`b fceebst vgtb pgsscfdb(

Bdbmtcgjs86


20/57

Abbpcje gur Ibbt gj t`b Ergujl

Bvbrygjb%s shycje t`by%rb vgtcje FJ[* Ub%rb rbhddy egcje tg wcj t`cs tcob*

b ebt t cs ht bvbry bdbmtcgj hjl sgobtcobs t`b jbw$ bjt`uschstcm obofbrs w`g shy ct hrb dbit ibbdcje

lcshppgcjtbl hjl lbogrhdcsbl w`bj ct lgbsj%t `hppbj* ]gob bvbj ecvb up hjl lrgp gut* \ cs cs

Uw`y ct%s sg copgrthjt tg lbvbdgp t`b dgje tbro objthdcty lcsmussbl cj sbmtcgj 6*Icrst tcob mhjlclhtbs cj phrtcmudhr usuhddy ohsscvbdy gvbrbstcohtb t`bcr suppgrt fbmhusb t`by nuleb t`b whrl fyt`b rbhmtcgj gi h ibw cjlcvcluhds w`g ajgw t`bo pbrsgjhddy* ]hldy$ nust fbmhusb hdogst bvbrygjb w`g wgras

wct t`bo hjl usbs t`bcr dgmhd puf shys t`by%rb vgtcje FJ[$ ct lgbsj%t obhj t`ht gt br vgtbrs ibbd t`b shob*

Igr h sthrt$ t`b ihmt t`ht pbgpdb ajgw h mhjlclhtb pbrsgjhddy `hs h `ueb biibmt gj t`bcr wcddcjejbss tg lcsmgujt

gppgsctcgj sobhrs* Hdsg$ bdbmtgrs tbjl tg m`hjeb t`bcr ocjls cj dcttdb fdgmas$ sg ci ygu%rb cj sbvbrhd gi t`gsb dcttdb

fdgmas$ ct%s hdd tgg bhsy tg ebt mhrrcbl hwhy wct t`b ibbdcje t`ht t`brb%s h FJ[ dhjlsdclb gj t`b why*

Gjb lhy$ ecvbj bjgue `hrl hjl cjtbddcebjt wgra$ iujl/rhcscje hjl ujcty$ wb wcdd$ cjlbbl$ sbb t`ht dhjlsdclb fut

jgt ybt* \`brb cs ohsscvb pufdcm myjcmcso hjl hpht y hfgut hdd pgdctcmchjs gut t`brb* Ub%rb gj h dgje hjl rgmay

rghl$ hjl ci wb%rb tg sthy gj t`b rce t pht igr hs dgje hs ct thabs$ t`bj wb oust dbhrj tg ohjheb gur bxpbmthtcgjs

rbhdcstcmhddy$ sg lgj%t dbt hjygjb t cja t`by%rb egcje tg wcj wct`gut ybhrs gi phcjsthacje dgmhd mgooujcty wgra

hjl biibmtcvb grehjcshtcgj* \`ht why t`by wgj%t fb lcshppgcjtbl$ hjl wb rbhddy wcdd wcj*

8=



21/57


jmb t`b FJ[ wcjs h dgmhd mgujmcd sbht ct%s hdd tgg bhsy tg sct fhma hjl bjngy t`b edgry$ fut bvbj h

mgujmcddgr w`g httbjls hdd t`b obbtcjes$ ohabs eggl pgcjts cj t`b mgujmcd m`hofbr$ `bdps mgjstctubjtsGhjl puts gut eggl dbhidbts w`bj up igr rb/bdbmtcgj$ mhj DG]B* \`ht%s fbmhusb t`b gt br phrtcbs `htb uswcjjcje sg oum t`ht t`b ogobjt wb wcj$ t`by fbecj h rbdbjtdbss mhophcej tg thab t`b sbht irgo us jbxt tcob*

Ct%s hdogst copgsscfdb igr h scjedb FJ[ mgujmcddgr tg rbthcj `cs gr `br sbht fy bvbj t`b `hrlbst sgdg biigrt* Bhm

whrl wct FJ[ bdbmtbl rbprbsbjthtcgj hdsg jbbls t`rbb hllctcgjhd hmtcvcsts w`g thab pbrsgjhd rbspgjscfcdcty igr

c# ohcjthcjcje hjl bxphjlcje t`b lggr/tg/lggrIrbblgo rgujl*

cc# igddgwcje up tcps irgo t`b mgujmcddgr hjl t`b shdbs tbho hfgut dgmhd cssubs t`ht jbbl wgra irgo gur

Mgooujcty Hmtcgj \bho*

ccc# prglumcje hjl lbdcvbrcje dgmhd dbhidbts hfgut sum wgra hjl hfgut prgfdbos t`ht `hvb fbbj rbsgdvbl fy

t`bcr FJ[ mgujmcddgr*

Sgu wcdd hdsg jbbl ht dbhst gjb mgoputbr dctbrhtb pbrsgj tg abbp h mgofcjbl lhthfhsb rbmgrl gi bvbry suppgrtbr$

phpbr fuybr hjl hdd t`b pbgpdb ygur mgujmcddgr gr mgooujcty tbho `hvb `bdpbl* \`cs s`gudl fb lgjb gj h whrl

fy whrl fhscs sg t`ht ygu mhj put spbmchd biigrt cjtg ebttcje gut t`b mgrb FJ[ vgtb ht bdbmtcgj tcob*

]gobtcobs$ m`hjebs gi pbrsgjhd mcrmuosthjmbs ohab ct copgsscfdb igr h prbvcgusdy eggl mgujmcddgr tg mhrry gj*

U bj t cs `hppbjs$ t`b cjlcvcluhd hiibmtbl sgobtcobs trcbs tg hvgcl t`b cssub cj t`b `gpb t`ht ct wcdd eg hwhy ct

wgj%t* H mgujmcddgr w`g ihcds tg httbjl scx obbtcjes cj h rgw jgt gjdy ebts hjl ecvbs us# h fhl rbputhtcgj$ fut

cs hdsg t`rgwj gii t`b mgujmcd* Ci ygu$ gr sgobgjb ygu ajgw$ bvbr icjl t cs sctuhtcgj lbvbdgpcje$ pdbhsb ohab h

pgcjt gi spbhacje tg ygur dgmhd Grehjcsbr$ Vbecgjhd Grehjcsbr gr Bdbmtcgjs Giicmbr$ ht t`b bhrdcbst pgsscfdb

gppgrtujcty* Cj t`ht why$ bvbrygjb mhj wgra tgebt`br tg rbsgdvb t`b sctuhtcgj gr ht dbhst ocjcocsb t`b prgfdbos

t`ht rbsudt*

Ct%s hdsg h eggl clbh ci h mgupdb gi obofbrs httbjl mgujmcd obbtcjes irgo t`b pufdcm ehddbry sg t`ht t`bcr

mgddbheub ibbds suppgrtbl*

U cdb t cs `hjlfgga tgum`bs gj bdbmtcgj tbm`jcqubs$ ct lbhds ohcjdy wct `gw tg mrbhtb t`b

mdcohtb cj w cm` bdbmtgrhd summbss mhj fb hm`cbvbl* Sgu wcdd ebt t`b oum ogrb lbthcdbl FJ[

BDBM\CGJ @HJLFGGA cj w cm` ygu wcdd icjl hdd t`b cj/lbpt prhmtcmhd hlvcmb ygu jbbl$ irgo

Bxmhdcfur gr ygur Vbecgjhd Grehjcsbr*

8< Abbpcje @hrl Ugj ]bhts


22/57


gobtcobs ct%s usbiud tg pdhj h Lhy gi Hmtcgj w cm` cs usuhddy grehjcsbl rbecgjhddy gr bvbj jhtcgjhddy* H

Lhy gi Hmtcgj mhj thab sbvbrhd igros>]j [br`hps h tgwj jbbls lbvbdgpcje* Ct s`gudl fb ibrtcdb tbrrctgry igr t`b [hrty fut igr sgob rbhsgj t`brb csj%t h

ujct t`brb* ]g$ igr bxhopdb$ h ohss dbhidbtcje sbsscgj cs grehjcsbl cj t`b `gpb t`ht ct wcdd prglumb bjgue `ce

quhdcty bjqucrcbs igr h ujct tg fb sbt up*

j Ct mgudl fb `bdl tg prgogtb h spbmcicm dgmhd mhophcej*

j Ct oce t cjvgdvb h ohss lggr/tg/lggr phpbr shdb*

j Ct mgudl fb prgogtcgjhd bvbjt sum hs h mgujtry ihcr$ hj hercmudturhd s`gw gr h spgrtcje bvbjt*

j Ct mgudl rbvgdvb rgujl h thfdb tgp shdb cj t`b `ce strbbt gr ohrabtpdhmb

82 Lhys gi Hmtcgj


23/57


gmhd obbtcjes hrb bxtrbobdy copgrthjt tg abbp ygur hmtcvcsts cjvgdvbl hjl ogtcvhtbl hjl tg abbp ygur

obofbrs cjigrobl gi w`ht%s `hppbjcje cj t`b [hrty* \`by hrb hdsg vcthd igr rhcscje oum jbblblDbdbmtcgj whr m`bsts* Httbjlbbs ht h summbssiud obbtcje s`gudl hdwhys dbhvb ibbdcje cjspcrbl$ bjt usbl$blumhtbl hjl ajgwcje t`b lhtbs gi upmgocje dgmhd hmtcvctcbs*]um obbtcjes jbbl tg fb wbdd grehjcsbl hjl grlbrdy tg iudicd t`bcr purpgsb*

U`bj ygu `gdl h obbtcje ygu jbbl tg t cja hfgut

YBJRB> \ b vbjub s`gudl fb hpprgprchtb tg t`b coheb wb whjt tg pgrtrhy$ sg h rggo cj h puf wct hmmbss tg

t`b fhr wgj%t lg* Ci t`brb cs h prcvhtb rggo t`bj t`ht%s GA fut clbhddy t`brb s`gudl fb jg hdmg`gd ht obbtcjes* H

mgooujcty `hdd gr phrcs `hdd cs bvbj fbttbr* Sgu mhj icjl sum pdhmbs ht * Ci ygu `gdl h

obbtcje cj h mgooujcty `hdd try tg giibr rbirbs`objts$ ohyfb tbh$ mgiibb hjl fcsmucts gr `hvb h puf jbhrfy

w`brb obofbrs mhj eg hitbrwhrls tg sgmchdcsb* Ct%s copgrthjt tg fucdl h sbjsb gi rhppgrt hjl tbho spcrct hogje

ygur obofbrs*

]BMRVC\S> Gt br [hrtcbs lgj%t `hvb tg fgt`br wct sbmurcty sg w`y s`gudl wb7 cs h qubstcgj gitbj hsabl

fy jbw pbgpdb* \`b scopdb hjswbr cs fbmhusb t`by lgj%t `hvb pgdctcmhddy mgrrbmt pgdcmb giicmbrs trycje tg fuddy

vbjub gwjbrs cjtg mhjmbddcje obbtcjes gr dbit wcje ngurjhdcsts trycje tg cjicdtrhtb t`bo hjl prgvgab pbgpdb cjtg

ohacje rhmcst mgoobjts*

Hdt`gue t`b gdl t`rbht irgo vcgdbjt dbit wcje t`ues cs jgw dhrebdy h t cje gi t`b phst$ t`b ergwt gi Csdhocm

bxtrbocso cs prglumcje h jbw pgtbjtchd t`rbht* Ub wgudl dgvb tg fb hfdb tg hlvbrtcsb gur obbtcjes cj t`b dgmhd

phpbrs fut$ igr t`bsb rbhsgjs$ ct scopdy csj%t pgsscfdb*

Cjstbhl$ cj grlbr tg bjsurb t`b shibty gi gur obofbrs hjl tg ocjcocsb t`b m`hjmbs gi hjy sgrt gi mgjirgjthtcgj

wct gppgjbjts$ bvbrygjb$ bxmbpt ygur aby giicmchds sbttcje up t`b obbtcje$ s`gudl fb cjvctbl fy fuddbtcj gr

wgrl gi ogut tg obbt ht h rbjlbzvgus pgcjt gr VY# sgobtcobs ajgwj hs h rblcrbmtcgj pgcjt* \ cs wcdd

jgrohddy fb sgobw`brb wct h dhreb mhr phra sum hs h supbrohrabt$ rhcdwhy sthtcgj gr wbdd ajgwj puf* Clbhddy

ct s`gudl hdsg fb mgvbrbl fy MM\Y mhobrhs$ sg hs tg lbtbr hjy gppgjbjts w`g oce t t cja frcbidy gi trycje tg

mhusb trgufdb*

\`b VY s`gudl fb ohjjbl fy twg gr t`rbb sohrtdy lrbssbl hjl strbbtwcsb obofbrs w`g ecvb icjhd lbthcds gi t`b

vbjub tg pbgpdb$ gjmb t`by%rb surb t`ht t`by hrb ebjucjb* Hjygjb wct`gut h igrohd cjvcthtcgj s`gudl fb hsabl

pgdctbdy `gw t`by `bhrl hfgut t`b obbtcje hjl t`bcr stgry m`bmabl gut fbigrb fbcje rblcrbmtbl tg t`b vbjub*

Hdwhys ohab surb t`ht t`brb%s eggl ogfcdb p`gjb rbmbptcgj ht t`b VY*

Bhm FJ[ rbecgj `hs cts gwj sbmurcty tbho dbl fy h sbjcgr$ trhcjbl obofbr gi gur ]bmurcty sthii* \`bcr

httbjlhjmb ht bvbry scjedb obbtcje cs jbct br hutgohtcm jgr jbmbsshry$ fut tg hsscst wct lbmcscgjs gj

mgoogjsbjsb ergujls$ wb usb h %trhiicm dce`t% systbo*

Cj hdd mhsbs t`b rbecgjhd sbmurcty tbho dbhlbr oust fb jgtcicbl fy b*ohcd gr p`gjb ht dbhst 8; lhys cj hlvhjmb gi

hjy obbtcje* Cj ogst mhsbs jgt cje iurt br wcdd fb lgjb$ fut `b jbbls tg ajgw w`ht cs gj$ w`brb hjl w`bj$ nust

cj mhsb sgobt cje hrcsbs w`cm` oce`t rbqucrb iurt`br hmtcgj*

Obbtcjes gi ergups hjl frhjm bs gpbrhtcje cj wgjlbriuddy %ujbjrcm bl% hrbhs wct jg rbmgrl gi heerbsscvb

gppgsctcgj hmtcvcty hjl uscje dgmhd gr rbecgjhd spbhabrs$ wcdd ebjbrhddy fb mdhsscicbl hs erbbj* \ cs obhjs t`ht

w cdb sbjscfdb prbmhutcgjs sum hs VY pgcjts hjl hj giicmchd gj t`b lggr hrb stcdd bssbjtchd$ jg iurt br sbmurcty

obhsurbs jbbl fb thabj*

Obbtcjes `bdl cj tgwjs gr mctcbs wct scejcicmhjt bt jcm mgooujctcbs w`brb t`b ihr dbit `hvb hj hmtcvb prbsbjmb

www*`hdds`crb*mgo

89 Dgmhd Frhjm Obbtcjes


24/57


gr w cm` `hvb h `ce`br pufdcm prgicdb sum` hs dgmhd prbss mgjibrbjmbs gr obbtcjes hfgut spbmcicm hjl

mgjtrgvbrschd cssubs# wcdd hutgohtcmhddy fb mdhsscicbl hs hofbr* \`bsb hrb dcabdy tg fb httbjlbl fy obofbrs

gi t`b rbecgjhd sbmurcty tbho w`g ohy lbmclb t`ht ct%s jbmbsshry tg copgsb obhsurbs sum hs sbhrm`bs gr bxtrh

sbmurcty*

U cdb sum lbmcscgjs wcdd hdwhys fb thabj cj mgjsudthtcgj wct dgmhd giicmchds$ t`b lbmcscgj gi t`b rbecgjhd

sbmurcty tbho dbhlbr cs icjhd cj sum ohttbrs* H obbtcje cj h erbbj hrbh wcdd hdsg hutgohtcmhddy fb rbmdhsscicbl

hs hofbr ci h jhtcgjhd eubst spbhabr cs lub tg hppbhr*

Obbtcjes cj pdhmbs w`brb t`brb hrb `bce`tbjbl mgooujcty tbjscgjs$ w`brb t`brb cs cjtbddcebjmb gi gppgsctcgj

pdhjs tg try tg lcsrupt gur gpbrhtcgjs$ gr w`brb h jhtcgjhd eubst spbhabr cs lub tg hppbhr cj w`ht wgudl

gt brwcsb fb hj hofbr hrbh$ hrb mdhsscicbl hs rbl*

\`b grehjcshtcgj gi t`bsb oust cjmdulb hlvhjmb mgjsudthtcgjs fbtwbbj t`b rbecgjhd sbmurcty tbho dbhlbr hjl t`b

jhtcgjhd @bhl gi ]bmurcty w`gsb rbmgoobjlhtcgjs wcdd fb igddgwbl tg t`b dbttbr* Ci t`bsb cjmdulb t`b lrhitcje cj

gi sbmurcty obofbrs irgo gt br rbecgjs$ t`bj t`bcr rbhsgjhfdb trhvbddcje mgsts oust fb obt irgo dgmhd iujls*

Ct%s ihr fbttbr tg thab sbmurcty prbmhutcgjs t`ht ohy dhtbr hppbhr tg `hvb fbbj ujjbmbsshry t`hj tg thab rcsas hjl

bjl up wct mhusb tg rberbt `hvcje lgjb jgt cje* \`b shibty gi gur obofbrs cs phrhogujt hjl gutwbce`s t`b

lbscrb tg try tg prbtbjl t`ht t`b pgdctcmhd sctuhtcgj cj Frcthcj cs jgrohd* Hs ihr hs wb hrb mgjmbrjbl ct cs jgt hjl

t`ht%s hdd t`brb cs tg ct*

HEBJLH> \`brb s`gudl fb h tcobl$ dgecmhd rujjcje grlbr* Ci ct%s tg fb h dgje obbtcje prcjt hjl lcstrcfutb hj

hebjlh* [dhj igr h frbha ocl/pgcjt hjl h tcob igr h rhiidb hjl mgddbmtcgj* H M`hcrohj jgtb t`ht$ cj t`b jgj/[M

FJ[$ h dhly cs rbibrrbl tg hs %Ohlho M`hcrohj%$ hjl jg/gjb cs bvbr h %M`hcr%(# wcdd bjsurb t`ht t`b obbtcje rujs

tg grlbr hj gj tcob hjl sgobgjb$ usuhddy t`b Ergup ]bmrbthry$ s`gudl rbmgrl t`b ocjutbs gi t`b obbtcje*

ERB]\ ][BHABV]> Cj hllctcgj tg t`b usuhd rbpgrts fy t`b Grehjcsbr hjl Iujl`gdlbr$ ogst frhjm hjl

rbecgjhd obbtcjes cjvgdvb eubst spbhabrs w`gsb prbsbjmb jgt gjdy ohabs igr vhrcbty$ fut w`g hdsg blumhtb ygur

obofbrs hjl fggst fgt httbjlhjmb hjl cjmgob*

\`b rhpcl ergwt gi t`b FJ[ obhjs t`ht eggl eubst spbhabrs hrb cj `ce lbohjl* Obbtcjes s`gudl t`brbigrb

cjvgdvb gjdy gjb eubst spbhabr ht h tcob* \g usb sbvbrhd ht t`b shob bvbjt cs erbbly$ lbvhdubs t`b spbhabrs hjl

hlls tg t`b mgst wct`gut hllcje tg t`b cjmgob*

Eubst spbhabrs irgo gutsclb ygur rbecgj s`gudl hdwhys fb prgvclbl wct trhvbddcje bxpbjsbs hjl ohy jbbl tg

fb hmmgooglhtbl gvbrjce`t* \`b dgmhd iujl`gdlbr jbbls tg ohab surb t`by scej igr t`b bxpbjsbs phcl$

lcsmrbbtdy$ hitbr t`b obbtcje*

\g `bdp lbvbdgp gi ergwcje pggd gi mgjiclbjt jbw spbhabrs$ frhjm`bs s`gudl sm`bludb gjb gr twg icvb ocjutb

sbsscgjs cj t`b icrst `hdi gi bhm obbtcje ht w cm` dgmhd hmtcvcsts sthjl up hjl ecvb s`grt thdas gj sufnbmts sum

hs w`y t`by ngcjbl t`b FJ[ gr hfgut hj copgrthjt cssub murrbjtdy cj t`b jbws$ \`gsb w`g lg phrtcmudhrdy wbdd

mhj fb ecvbj dgjebr sdgts ht sufsbqubjt obbtcjes hjl t`bj fb bjmgurhebl tg sthrt fbcje h eubst spbhabr ht

jbce`fgurcje frhjm`bs*

I]CL> ]ohddbr hjl jbwbr ujcts cj phrtcmudhr s`gudl usb gur rbeudhr LYL ohehzcjb I]CL %Irbblgo$ ]bmurcty$

Clbjtcty$ Lbogmrhmy%# rht br t`hj strueedcje tg phy bxpbjsbs igr gutsclb spbhabrs bvbry ogjt`* ]`gwj gj h

dhptgp wct h prgnbmtgr hehcjst h smrbbj gr fdhja whdd$ hjl wct h phcr gi m`bhp spbhabrs$ t cs cs hj clbhd why tg

frcje tg bvbj h tcjy %`gusb% obbtcje h tgum gi prgibsscgjhdcso hjl sbjsb gi fbdgjecje tg sgobt`cje oum fceebr*

89


25/57


EGGL JBU] VB[GV\]> Ct%s hdwhys h eggl clbh tg rbpgrt gj w`ht t`b ergup `hs hm`cbvbl gr lgjb scjmb t`b

dhst obbtcje rht`br t`hj w cjcje hfgut fhl jbws stgrcbs cj t`b oblch* Sgu jbbl tg lg hdd ygu mhj tg dcit t`b

ogrhdb gi ygur obofbrs cp$ tg bjt`usb t`bo wct lbtbrocjhtcgj tg ebt gut hjl fb hmtcvb hdgjesclb t`bcr

mgddbheubs* Hdwhys try tg icjcs gj h pgsctcvb$ `ce jgtb hs wbdd*

OBVM@HJLC]B> \ cs cs h vcthd sgurmb gi rbvbjub igr t`b [hrty hjl obbtcjes s`gudl hdwhys `hvb h wbdd

stgmabl obrm`hjlcsb thfdb w`cm` cs jbhtdy hrrhjebl wct hj httrhmtcvb sbdbmtcgj gi dctbrhturb hjl eggls igr shdb*

Fhlebs$ fggas$ ouscm$ oues hjl tbb s crts hdwhys sbdd wbdd hjl hrb hvhcdhfdb irgo Bxmhdcfur bct`br t`rgue` t`b

wbfsctb gr irgo t`b Bxmhdcfur s`gp gj gur ohcj wbfsctb* Hdwhys frcje h %idght% gi vhrycje lbjgocjhtcgjs gi

mgcj sg t`ht ygu `hvb pdbjty gi m`hjeb igr hdd t`gsb fuycje wct jgtbs*

\ry tg fb cjjgvhtcvb wct gt br clbhs igr iujlrhcscje hjl ygu mhj ohab scejcicmhjt cjmrbhsbs gj ygur usuhd thab

ht obbtcjes* Gjb frhjm egt t`b M`hcrohj%s scejhturb gj scx ]t* Ebgreb%s idhes hjl humtcgjbl t`bo* \`by

hvbrhebl gut ht =; pbr idhe hjl ohlb h tgthd gi 80; gvbr hjl hfgvb t`b usuhd obrm`hjlcsb shdbs* Hjgt br

bjtbrprcscje ergup cjvctbl h p`gtgerhp`br tg thab p`gtgerhp s gi t`b M`hcrohj wct cjlcvcluhd obofbrs hjl

sgdl t`bo ht 2 bhm ohacje h mdbhr prgict gi 62;(

LBMGVH\CGJ>Ohacje h obbtcje dgga prgibsscgjhd cs vbry copgrthjt$ phrtcmudhrdy sg ci ygu%rb sbbacje tg

mgjvbrt fgjh iclb bjqucrbrs cjtg obofbrs* Lbmgrhtb t`b rggo thstbiuddy wct jhtcgjhd idhes hjl hjy [hrty

fhjjbrs ygu ohy `hvb hvhcdhfdb* @hvb h mhrhib gr fgttdb gi whtbr hjl edhssbs gj t`b tgp thfdb jgt tcjs gi dhebr(#

hjl fgt t`b M`hcrohj hjl spbhabrs s`gudl fb sucthfdy lrbssbl cj sucts gr trgusbrs wct h sohrt fdhzbr*

Obofbrs s`gudl fb rbqubstbl tg lrbss scocdhrdy sohrtdy* Nbhjs hjl tbb s`crts fbhrcje dgegs gi hjy lbsmrcptcgj

s`gudl fb lcsmgurhebl* [bgpdb hrb hfdb tg hlvbrtcsb t`bcr obofbrs cp gi t`b [hrty fy wbhrcje pcj fhlebs

jgt cje ogrb gvbrt cs jbmbsshry*

MGDDBM\CGJ> Hdwhys `hvb h mgddbmtcgj* \`b fbst tcob cs usuhddy hitbr t`b ohcj spbhabr `hs icjcs`bl$ cj

grlbr tg mhpcthdcsb `gpbiuddy# gj t`b sureb gi bjt`uschso hjl phtrcgtcso `b gr s`b `hs ebjbrhtbl cj t`b

hulcbjmb*

\`b mgddbmtcgj rbmbpthmdb s`gudl fb h sucthfdb mgjthcjbr$ pbr`hps h fumabt w cm` `hs fbbj phcjtbl cj rbl$ w ctb

hjl fdub gr lbmgrhtbl wct h Rjcgj Nhma*

\`b hogujt mgddbmtbl s`gudl fb mgujtbl qucmady$ vbrcicbl$ hjl hjjgujmbl fbigrb t`b bjl gi t`b obbtcje* \`brb

cs h sbt gi fhscm rudbs hfgut thacje mgddbmtcgjs bspbmchddy ht bdbmtcgj tcobs w cm` oust fb igddgwbl* Hdd dgmhd

iujl/`gdlbrs hrb trhcjbl cj t`bsb fy gur Vbecgjhd \rbhsury tbho*

VB[GV\]> \`bsb s`gudl fb frcbi hjl summcjmt* \`b Grehjcsbr s`gudl rbpgrt gj fgt prbvcgus hjl

igrt`mgocje hmtcvctcbs$ t`b iujl`gdlbr s`gudl ecvb hj hmmgujt gi t`b cjmgob$ bxpbjlcturb hjl murrbjt sthtus gi

t`b ujct hmmgujt hjl t`b sbmrbthry s`gudl ecvb hj uplhtb gi t`b juofbr gi jbw obofbrs hjl bjqucrbrs*

HLYBV\C]CJE>Sgu s`gudl hlvbrtcsb ygur igrt`mgocje obbtcje tg hdd dgmhd obofbrs$ rbmbjt bjqucrbrs hjl

t`b rbeudhrs gj ygur Irbblgo phpbr rgujl* \`by s`gudl hdd fb bjmgurhebl tg frcje dcab/ocjlbl ircbjls* Ub

hrbj%t h sbmrbt sgmcbty hjl wb `hvb jgt cje tg fb hs`hobl gi* H wbdd ruj obbtcje cs hj bxmbddbjt why tg ehcj

jbw rbmructs*

\`b tcocje gi ygur obbtcjes cs copgrthjt tgg* Hvgcl pbha `gdclhy pbrcgls w`bj ohjy pbgpdb hrb hwhy hjl

hdwhys m`bma igr copgrthjt spgrts icxturbs ci `gdlcje ygur obbtcjes ht wbbabjls* Ct%s h shl ihmt gi dcib t`ht bvbj

mgoocttbl obofbrs hrb prbphrbl tg ocss h obbtcje ci ct mgcjmclbs wct hj copgrthjt ehob dcab t`b IH MupIcjhd gr t`b Vuefy Ugrdl Mup* Irclhy bvbjcje cs hdwhys tg fb hvgclbl* ]cocdhrdy$ wbbabjl hitbrjggj obbtcjes

89


26/57

hrb tg fb lcsmgurhebl bxmbpt pbr`hps cj hrbhs wct vbry smhttbrbl pgpudhtcgjs w`brb obofbrs `hvb dgje

lcsthjmbs tg trhvbd tg h obbtcje* ]hturlhy hjl ]ujlhy hmtcvctcbs s`gudl fb hfgut obbtcje t`b pufdcm$ jgt

prbhm`cje tg t`b mgjvbrtbl*

MG/GVLCJH\CGJ> Hdwhys cjigro ygur rbecgjhd Grehjcsbr w`bj ygu hrb pdhjjcje h obbtcje hjl cjvctb

jbce`fgurcje ujcts hs wbdd* \`brb cs oum tg fb dbhrjbl irgo s`hrcje fbst prhmtcmb wct gt br ergups*

Vbecgjhd hjl frhjm obbtcjes s`gudl fb `bdl fbtwbbj ogjt dy hjl quhrtbrdy wct h eggl eubst spbhabr* Ergup

obbtcjes s`gudl clbhddy fb `bdl bvbry mgupdb gi ogjt s$ wct bvbj sohdd ujcts `hvcje h jgj/giicmchd ebt/

tgebt`br sum hs hj cjigrohd hmtcvcsts% obbtcje hitbr hj hmtcvcty gr ht h sgmchd bvbjt gj h rbeudhr fhscs* \ry tg

ecvb pbgpdb ht dbhst t`rbb wbbas jgtcmb gi hjy obbtcje gt brwcsb ygu ohy icjl t`ht t`by `hvb hdtbrjhtcvb

hrrhjebobjts igr t`b lhy cj qubstcgj*


89


27/57


t cs copgrthjt tg bsthfdcs` h rgutcjb gi mgjsthjt hmtcvcty* Dhma gi hmtcvcty cs t`b qucmabst why tg acdd h ujct* Ci

ygu gjdy wgra cj spurts$ ygur hmtcvcsts wcdd ebt gut gi t`b `hfct hjl w`bj ygu try tg rbsurrbmt hmtcvctcbs ctCwcdd fb ogrb lciicmudt tg ehdvhjcsb ygur tbho hjl t`b rbsudt wcdd fb dgw turj gut*]bt hsclb mbrthcj lhys gi t`b wbba hs hmtcvcso lhys sg pbgpdb wcdd ajgw igr mbrthcj t`ht ygu hrb hdwhys gut

lgcje sgobt cje gj$ shy$ \`urslhys* \`cs ohabs hvhcdhfcdcty bhscbr tg pdhj*

\`b Grehjcsbr s`gudl abbp hj b/ohcd hllrbss fgga gi hdd hmtcvcsts sg t`by mhj fb cjigrobl qucmady hjl bhscdy gi

igrt mgocje hmtcvctcbs* \`gsb hmtcvcsts jgt gj b/ohcd wcdd jbbl h mhdd gr h tbxt* Clbhddy t`by s`gudl ebt hdd gi

t`bsb$ fut ygu%dd jbbl tg lbdbehtb sgob gi t`ht wgra tg sgobgjb rbdchfdb*

Frhjm fuddbtcjs s`gudl hdwhys mgjthcj hj hppbhd igr hmtcvcsts hjl h mgjthmt tbdbp`gjb juofbr tg rbspgjl tg*

Hdd Grehjcsbrs gue t tg `hvb t`b suppgrt gi h mgupdb gi bxpbrcbjmbl sbmgjls cj mgoohjl w`g mhj thab gvbr

ci t`b Grehjcsbr mhjjgt httbjl hj hmtcvcty* Jg hspbmt gi hmtcvcso s`gudl fb mhjmbddbl nust fbmhusb t`b Grehjcsbr

cs bct br cjlcspgsbl$ gj `gdclhy$ gr mhjjgt httbjl igr sgob gt`br rbhsgj* Ct%s sgobtcobs jbmbsshry tg lbdbehtb

rbspgjscfcdcty tg gt`brs$ sg summbsscgj trhcjcje cs bssbjtchd* Grehjcsbrs w`g mhjjgt$ gr wcdd jgt$ lbdbehtb$ put

t`b biibmtcvbjbss gi t`bcr ujcts ht rcsa*

85 Hlvbrtcscje Hmtcvctcbs


28/57


`b ohcj igmus igr dgmhd mhophcejcje cj hdd ujcts oust fb lggr/tg/lggr phpbr shdbs hjl rbeudhr [htrcgt

dbhidbt lcstrcfutcgj* @gwbvbr$ t`brb hrb gt br dgmhd hmtcvctcbs w`cm` ujcts mhj$ hjl s`gudl$ bjeheb cj*\\@B MDBHJ R[ MHO[HCEJ>Gjb gi t`b ogst pgpudhr hjl hpprbmchtbl igros gi dgmhd mhophcej cs t`b

%mdbhj up%$ w`brbfy h tbho gi hmtcvcsts wbhrcje `ce` vcscfcdcty nhmabts bofdhzgjbl wct t`b [hrty dgeg hvhcdhfdb

irgo Bxmhdcfur# mdbhr dcttbr irgo h fdce`tbl hrbh gr rbogvb erhiictc irgo whdds hjl lggrs cj t`b threbt whrl* \ cs

cs hj biibmtcvb hmtcvcty fbmhusb ct s`gws rbsclbjts t`ht wb mhrb hfgut t`bcr mgooujcty hjl hrb prbphrbl tg lg

sgobt cje hfgut ct$ igr irbb* Ct hdsg s`gws t`bo t`ht t`bcr dgmhd mgujmcds hrb jbedcebjt cj jgt lbhdcje wct t`b

prgfdbo scjmb strbbt mdbhjscje cs h sbrvcmb igr w`cm t`by hrb m`hrebl hs phrt gi t`b mgujmcd thx t`by phy*

]\* EBGVEB%] LHS> Clbhddy gur ujcts wcdd dbhl t`bcr mgooujctcbs cj grehjcscje$ gr ht dbhst suppgrtcjerl

mudturhd bvbjts sum hs ]t* Ebgreb%s Lhy mbdbfrhtcgjs Hprcd 6= #* Ogst rbecgjs gi t`b mgujtry `hvb mudturhd

bvbjts w cm` hrb ujcqub tg t`ht hrbh$ gr mgujty* Igr bxhopdb$ t`b[hlstgw @gffy @grsb cj Mgrjwhdd$Hrfgr

\rbb Lhy cj ]`rgps crb$Ehrdhjl Acje Lhy hjl t b Ubdd Lrbsscje cj Lbrfys`crb$ t`bOhrs`icbdl Ouoobrs cjUcdts`crb$ t`b@hxby @ggl cj @uofbrsclb hjl mgujtdbss gt`brs*

]gob sum mbdbfrhtcgjs$ jgw vbry pgpudhr$ `hvb gjdy fbbj rbvcvbl cj rbmbjt ybhrs / t`b @hstcjesNhma cj t`b

Erbbj hjlU`cttdbsby ]trhw Fbhr ibstcvhds s`gw nust `gw fce sum t cjes mhj ebt* U`y jgt lg sgob rbsbhrm tg

sbb ci t`brb%s h dgst dgmhd trhlctcgj t`ht ygu mhj cjspcrb h tbho gi bjt`uschsts tg rbvcvb7 Gur hjmcbjt jhtcgjhd

ibstcvhds$ sum hs Ohy Lhy$ Euy Ihwabs Jce t hjl M rcstohs$ s`gudl hdsg fb sthujm`dy suppgrtbl / dbst t`b [M

dujhtcm `bhdt hjl shibty pgdcmb hjl t`b Csdhocsts ohjheb tg fhj t`bo hdd*

MGRJMCD OBB\CJE]> Sgur fbst hmtcvcsts hjl pgtbjtchd mgujmcd mhjlclhtbs s`gudl fb bjmgurhebl tg httbjl

dgmhd mgujmcd obbtcjes cj t`b pufdcm ehddbry$ hs wbdd hs rbsclbjts% hssgmchtcgj obbtcjes* \`b purpgsb gi t cs cs tg

ebt t`bosbdvbs ajgwj hjl tg ujlbrsthjl t`b cssubs cj t`bcr hrbhs* Hjgt br copgrthjt fbjbict cs t`ht pgtbjtchd

mhjlclhtbs wcdd dbhrj t`b prgtgmgds hjl prgmblurbs cjvgdvbl hjl fb dbss hjxcgus hfgut puttcje t`bosbdvbs

igrwhrl w`bj t`by sbb t`ht t`by mgudl `hvb h rbhd mgjtrcfutcgj tg ohab hjl pbrigro fbttbr t`hj ohjy gi t`b

scttcje mgujmcddgrs*

@BD[CJE @HJL]> \ cs sm`bob `hs hdrbhly fbbj pcdgtbl cj h mgupdb gi rbecgjs hjl `hs fbbj wbdd rbmbcvbl

fy rbsclbjts* \`cs sm`bob mhj fb hlvbrtcsbl wct`cj dgmhd [htrcgt dbhidbts hjl giibrs irbb `bdp tg bdlbrdy rbsclbjts

w`g `hvb lciicmudty wct pbrigrocje sohdd fut jbmbsshry thsas$ igr bxhopdb$ m`hjecje h dce t fudf fbmhusb t`by

mhj%t mdcof up gjtg h stggd gr rbphcrcje h mupfghrl lggr w cm` `hs fbmgob uj`cjebl fbmhusb t`bcr `hjls hrb

tgg hrt`rctcm tg ohjcpudhtb h smrbwlrcvbr* Gfvcgusdy wb mhj%t `bdp wct hjyt cje cjvgdvcje h mgst dhygut fut wb

mhj giibr gur dhfgur irbb gi m`hreb igr sohdd ngfs w cm` mhj fb lgjb rbdhtcvbdy qucmady*

MGOORJC\SGF]BVYH\CGJ [H\VGD]> \`bsb hrb pdhcj/mdgt`bl$ tgthddy pbhmbiud hjl dbehd* FJ[/

grehjcsbl MG[s ergups hrb jgt sgobt cje t`ht mhj fb rgddbl gut bvbryw`brb / tg try tg ruj gjb cj h oudtc/rhmchd

hrbh$ igr bxhopdb$ mgudl fb hsacje igr sbrcgus trgufdb* Fut cj t`b rce t hrbh typcmhddy hj bssbjtchddy lbmbjt

bsthtb wct h fct gi trgufdb irgo ujlcsmcpdcjbl hjl fgrbl tbbjhebrs# wb `hvb igujl irgo bxpbrcbjmb t`ht t`by

hrb erbhtdy wbdmgobl fy rbsclbjts$ hjl t`ht bvbj t`b hut`grctcbs qucmady ebt usbl tg t`bo hjl wgra wct gur

vgdujtbbrs*

Fbigrb sbttcje up MG[s cj ygur hrbh$ ct cs YC\HD t`ht ygu sbba trhcjcje hjl hlvcmb irgo hj bxcstcje hjl

bxpbrcbjmbl FJ[ MG[s ergup* [dbhsb bohcd mgpsKfjp*gre*ua tg rbecstbr ygur cjtbrbst hjl hrrhjeb igr `bdp ci ct

cs lbmclbl t`ht ygur hrbh cs sucthfdb*

[RFDCM LBIBJLBV]> Dgmhd dbhidbts s`gudl hdwhys mhrry h mgjthmt juofbr$ h@bdpdcjb$ ci ygu dcab$ t`rgue`w cm` rbsclbjts mhj fb bjmgurhebl tg hsa igr gur hsscsthjmb* Ub mhj `bdp t`bo cj cjsthjmbs gi lcsputb wct

80 Gt`br Dgmhd Mhophcejs


29/57

fglcbs sum hs t`b mgujmcd$ t`b dgmhd J@] mhrb trust$ t`b fus mgophjy$ t`b pgdcmb hjl sum dcab* Ub mhj

mgopgsb dbttbrs gj t`bcr fb`hdi gr bvbj lcrbmtdy irgo gursbdvbs* Ci wb fb`hvb hs t`bcr mgujmcddgrs$ bvbj t`gue

wb hrbj%t ybt bdbmtbl$ hjl rbprbsbjt t`bo hs %pufdcm lbibjlbrs% t`bj wb wcdd hppbhr t`b jhturhd gptcgj tg sbrvb

t`bo giicmchddy mgob t`b jbxt bdbmtcgj*


80


30/57

g ihr$ hdd t`b hmtcvctcbs wb%vb lcsmussbl `hvb fbbj %strbbt% fhsbl* @gwbvbr$ t`brb hrb sgob pbgpdb w`g

whjt tg lg t`bcr fct$ fut mhj gjdy wgra irgo `gob* \`brb hrb sbvbrhd copgrthjt iujmtcgjs t`by mhj mhrry]gut tg sbrvb t`bcr ujct* Igr bxhopdb>\BDB[@GJCJE> \ cs mgudl fb mhddcje bjqucrbrs$ jbw obofbrs gr bxcstcje obofbrs tg abbp cj tgum` hjl

rbocjl t`bo hfgut hmtcvctcbs hjl obbtcjes* \`by mgudl hdsg tbdb/mhjvhss lurcje bdbmtcgj mhophcejs t`gue`

t`brb hrb strcmt rudbs hfgut t cs hjl ct oust jgt fb lgjb wct`gut mgjthmtcje @bhl Giicmb igr h dbehd frcbicje# gr

phrtcmcphtb cj rhlcg %p`gjb cjs* M`bhp rhtbs hrb bhscdy gfthcjhfdb ci h `gusbfgujl hmtcvcst whjts tg lg t`cs gj h

rbeudhr fhscs*

IGDLCJE ) ]\RIICJE> \`brb hrb ohjy gmmhscgjs w`bj tbhos gi pbgpdb hrb jbblbl tg igdl dbhidbts gr

fuddbtcjs hjl stuii bjvbdgpbs* ]gobtcobs t`cs cs fbst lgjb fy vgdujtbbrs mgocje tg gjb mbjtrhd dgmhtcgj* Ht

gt br tcobs$ suppdcbs mhj fb lrgppbl gii ht sgobgjb%s `gob hjl mgddbmtbl gjmb t`b thsa cj mgopbtbl* \`brb%s

oum wgra gi t cs jhturb tg fb lgjb ht bdbmtcgj tcobs*

DB\\BV UVC\CJE> Fgt t`b `gusbfgujl hjl sgdb hmtcvcst mhj lg h usbiud ngf wrctcje dbttbrs tg t`b dgmhd

prbss cj suppgrt gi gur pgdcmcbs* ]gob fut fy jg obhjs hdd# jbwsphpbrs wcdd jgt bvbj mgjsclbr prcjtcje dbttbrs

irgo obofbrs gi t`b phrty* Sgu `hvb h oum fbttbr m`hjmb gi ygur dbttbr fbcje pufdcs`bl ci ygu

scopdy bopht csb wct gur vcbws*

VBMVRC\OBJ\> [brsgjhd mgjthmt cs gjb gi t`b fbst sgurmbs gi jbw rbmructs* Bvbrygjb mhj bjlbhvgur tg

rbmruct ircbjls hjl ihocdy cjtg t`b phrty scopdy t`gue bvbrylhy mgjvbrshtcgj hjl t`b hppdcmhtcgj gi dgecm* Hdd

obofbrs hjl hmtcvcsts s`gudl abbp h sohdd suppdy gi phrty dctbrhturb$ bspbmchddy t`b ocjc ohjcibstgFrcthcj Icrst

tg ecvb hwhy tg hjygjb w`g whjts tg dbhrj ogrb*


83 @gob Fhsbl Hmtcvcso


31/57


LCEC\HD LR[DCMH\GV]> Igr rujjcje gii dgmhd fuddbtcjs bssbjtchd igr abbpcje cj tgum` wct obofbrs cj t`b

hrbh# hdogst hjy mgoputbr prcjtbr wcdd lg t`b ngf* [`gtgmgpcbrs hrb bxpbjscvb tg ohcjthcj hjl s`gudl fb

hvgclbl*

\`b wgra`grsb gi gur mgooujcty pgdctcms mhophcejs cs t`b lcecthd lupdcmhtgr* Dgwbr rbsgdutcgj ohm`cjbs / t`by

sthrt ht =;; lpc lgts pbr cjm`# hjl eg upwhrls mhj fb fgue`t vbry m`bhpdy sbmgjl `hjl* \`by%rb mdbhj$ rgfust

hjl rbdhtcvbdy cjbxpbjscvb tg ruj* U`cdb t`by hrbj%t rbhddy up tg rbprglumcje lbthcdbl p`gtgerhp`s$ scopdb

hrtwgra mhj fb usbl tg hll cjtbrbst tg ygur dgmhd dbhidbts* Hj bhsy m`hjeb gi lruo hddgws ygu tg hll h sbmgjl

mgdgur$ hdt`gue ct s`gudl fb rbobofbrbl t`ht t cs wcdd hdsg lgufdb t`b prglumtcgj tcob*

Ogst lcecthd lupdcmhtgrs mhj fb mgjjbmtbl lcrbmtdy tg h mgoputbr wct hj cjtbrihmb mhfdb1 w cdb jgt m`bhp$ t`bsb

prglumb scejcicmhjtdy `ce`br quhdcty cohebs t`hj ygu wcdd ebt fy uscje h ohstbr mgpy gi ygur dbhidbt prglumbl

gj h dhsbr prcjtbr*

@ce`br rbsgdutcgj ohm cjbs hrb oum ogrb bxpbjscvb$ fut t`bj$ ygu ebt w`ht ygu phy igr* \`brb cs sgob

rbsbhrm` bvclbjmb tg sueebst t`ht grlcjhry pbgpdb hrb ogrb httrhmtbl tg scopdb$ m`bhpdy prglumbl dgmhd dbhidbts

t`ht dgga dcab t`by%vb fbbj mrbhtbl fy pbgpdb dcab t`bosbdvbs$ t`hj tg edgssy iudd mgdgur giibrcjes t`ht dgga hs

t`gue t`by%rb pufdcs bl fy wbhdt`y gutsclbrs*

[br`hps t`ht%s nust hs wbdd igr us scjmb prgibsscgjhd giisbt dct`g prcjtcje bqucpobjt cs ihr tgg lbdcmhtb tg fb usbl

fy ujtrhcjbl vgdujtbbrs hjl s`gudl jbvbr$ bvbr$ fb fgue`t fy dgmhd ujcts*

\`b shob cs trub gi ocjcfusbs$ w cm` hrb gitbj m`bhp tg fuy w`bj jbhrcje t`b bjl gi t`bcr dcib* \`bsb purm`hsbs

mhj fb tboptcje tg ergups wct h eggl hmtcvcst fhsb* \`b acddbr$ `gwbvbr$ cs t`b cjsurhjmb prbocuos hjl t`b

ohcjtbjhjmb fcdds*

Fuycje bct`br h ocjcfus gr prgibsscgjhd prcjtcje bqucpobjt cs h surb/icrb why tg fhjarupt ygu ujct* Lgj%t lg ct(

I]CL> \ cs cs gur rbeudhr [hrty jbws LYL* \`b cjctchds sthjl igr gur mgrb purpgsb wgrls> Irbblgo$ ]bmurcty$

Clbjtcty$ Lbogmrhmy*

Mgpcbs giI]CL hrb sbjt gut hutgohtcmhddy tg bvbry frhjm hjl ergup hjl hrb pgwbriud rbmructobjt tggds*

\`by%rb bspbmchddy lbscejbl tg fb usbl fy Mgjthmts hjl sohdd ergups w cm` mhjjgt ybt hiigrl tg `hvb rbeudhr

eubst spbhabrs*I]CL mhj fb s`gwj ht sohdd %`gusb% obbtcjes gr tg h fceebr hulcbjmb* ]gob frhjm`bs usb ct vbry

biibmtcvbdy wct h dhptgp hjl prgnbmtgr hjl$ w`brb pgsscfdb$ sohdd sgujl spbhabrs*

I]CL cs mgpyrce t irbb tg hdd rbecstbrbl FJ[ ujcts* ]gob ujcts %furj gii% bxtrh mgpcbs tg ecvb tg hmtcvcsts$ rbeudhr

lgjgrs$ syopht btcm pufdcmhjs hjl gt brs w`g wcdd usb t`bo tg sprbhl t`b wgrl* Furjbl gii mgpcbs mhj hdsg fb

sgdl ht h sohdd prgict ohrecj gvbr t`b mgst prcmb gi t`b fdhjas$ ht obbtcjes tg fggst ygur rbvbjub*

\`bI]CL'FJ[tv tbho hrb hdwhys abbj tg rbmbcvb dgmhddy s`gt mhomgrlbr iggtheb gi ygur dgmhd sgdutcgjs tg

ygur dgmhd prgfdbos hjl t`by%l fb lbdce tbl tg `hvb sgobgjb irgo ygur hrbh wgracje hs h dgmhd icdo

mgjtrcfutgr*

\`b mgst gi prglumcje I]CL igr ygu hjl t`b mgst gi jhtcgjhd suppgrt sthii cj aby lbphrtobjts dcab \rbhsury$

Ygcmb gi Irbblgo hjl Obofbrs cp hrb mgvbrbl fy h sohdd ogjt dy dbvy m`hrebl gj hdd frhjm hjl ergup

hmmgujts* Rjcts w cm` hrb ujhfdb tg mgvbr t cs bssbjtchd ibb hjl tg phy igr t`bcr ocjcouo grlbrs giIrbblgo

hjlClbjtcty wcdd rbmbcvb hlvcmb irgo \rbhsury cjctchddy$ fut ci t`b prgfdbo mgjtcjubs t`b iujl`gdlbr hjl

grehjcsbr wcdd fb rbpdhmbl fy jbw pbgpdb w`g hrb up tg t`b ngf*

6; Rsbiud Vbsgurmbs


32/57

Bvbry ujct s`gudl wgra tgwhrls hmqucrcje$ gvbr tcob

j \wg Rjcgj idhes ) twg `gob jhtcgj idhes igr usb ht obbtcjes hjl suiicmcbjtpgdbs tg htthm t`bo tg igr lbogs*

j Hmmbss tg h lcecthd lupdcmhtgr igr prglumcje dgmhd dbhidbts*

j H igdlcje thfdb igr thfdb tgp shdbs*

j H mhomgrlbr tg icdo iggtheb gi dgmhd hmtcvctcbs hjl jbws bvbjts*

j

@hdi h lgzbj FJ[ `ce vcscfcdcty vbsts igr %mdbhj up% mhophcejs*

j H fdhja fhjjbr hjl sucthfdb hl`bscvb vcjyd dbttbrcje igr rhpcl rbspgjsb

mhophcejs*

j H dgul`hcdbr*

j H eggl sbdbmtcgj gi obrm`hjlcsb igr shdb ht obbtcjes*

j H dhptgp hjl prgnbmtgr igr vcbwcje I]CL hjl FJ[tv prglumtcgjs ht

obbtcjes*

j H pgrthfdb lcspdhy fghrl gj w cm` p`gtgs gi rbmbjt hmtcvcso hjl jgtcmbs

mhj fb pcjjbl ht obbtcjes*

Eggl

@gusbabbpcje


33/57


g jbw rbmructs ct ohy sbbo strhjeb tg cjmdulb cj t cs ohjuhd h sbmtcgj hfgut `gw tg lbhd wct t b

pgdcmb* @gwbvbr$ `hrl bxpbrcbjmb `hs thue`t us t`ht ct cs jbmbsshry* \`brb hrb twg ohcj typbs gi pgdcmb\giicmbr ygu%rb dcabdy tg bjmgujtbr hs h FJ[ hmtcvcst gr grehjcsbr ujcigrobl hjl pdhcj mdgt bl* \`bcrrgdbs hrb vbry lciibrbjt*

Ohjy ujcigrobl giicmbrs hrb ebjucjbdy syopht btcm hjl gjdy trycje tg lg t`bcr ngf* Gt`brs hrb [gdctcmhddy

Mgrrbmt$ gvbr/blumhtbl$ cjlgmtrcjhtbl clcgts* Rjdbss ygu%rb gpbrhtcje cj h tgwj w`brb bt`jcm tbjscgj cs h rbhd

prgfdbo$ t`b ohngrcty gi pgdcmb wgj%t fgt`brygu ci ygu lgj%t fgt`br t`bo*

Sgu s`gudl fb pgdctb wct hdd gi t`bo fut fb prbphrbl tg hreub$ qucbtdy hjl rbhsgjhfdy$ cj lbibjmb gi ygur

rce`ts$ cjmdulcje irbblgo gi hssbofdy hjl pgdctcmhd hmtcgj*

\`b ogst dcabdy why cj w cm` hj giicmbr w`g whjts tg stgp ygu dbhidbtcje$ sbddcje phpbrs gr w`htbvbr$ cs fy

t`rbhtbjcje ygu wct gfstrumtcgj* @gwbvbr$ hs dgje hs ygu hrbj%t fdgmacje h jhrrgw phvbobjt gr sthjlcje gj

prcvhtb ergujl b*e*sgob s`gppcje prbmcjmts# wct`gut pbrocsscgj$ t cs cs jgt dcabdy tg hrcsb*

Ci hj giicmbr lgbs ebt hwawhrl$ ygu s`gudl ohab h jgtb gi `cs clbjtcty juofbr hjl ebt sgobgjb wct h ogfcdb

p`gjb$ gr fbttbr stcdd$ h sohdd mhomgrlbr$ tg rbmgrl t`b smbjb* \`cs prgvclbs ygu wct prggi t`ht ygu wbrb hmtcje

rbhsgjhfdy* Ci ygu hrb cj h pufdcm pdhmb t`b pgdcmb mhjjgt prbvbjt ygu irgo icdocje t`bo* Ci t`by tbdd ygu tg

stgp$ t`bj nust ogvb hwhy hjl mhrry gj icdocje rbehrldbss* Icdo hjl vclbg iggtheb cs usbiud cj hdd mhsbs gi

pgdcmb ohdprhmtcmb hjl mhj fb usbl igr mgopbjshtcgj mdhcos* Cj ihmt$ ct%s usbiud tg `hvb h mhomgrlbr gr ogfcdb

mhobrh p`gjb `hjly ht hdd hmtcvctcbs* Ci ygu hrb vbrfhddy hfusbl fy pbgpdb$ scopdy pudd gut ygur mhomgrlbr hjl

fbecj icdocje t`b hfusb* Gjmb t`by rbhdcsb t`bcr hmtcgjs hrb fbcje rbmgrlbl$ t`by%dd sggj eg hwhy*

Cj t`b ujdcabdy bvbjt t`ht ygu%rb hrrbstbl ygu s`gudl rbiusb tg ohab hjy acjl gi sthtbobjt ujtcd ygu%vb `hl h

m`hjmb tg thda tg h sgdcmctgr* \`b pgdcmb hrb dbehddy fgujl tg hddgw ygu hmmbss tg h luty sgdcmctgr ci ygu lgj%t

hdrbhly `hvb gjb$ hdt`gue ct cs hdwhys prbibrhfdb tg `hvb ygur gwj ohj ht ygur sclb* Ci ygu hrb wct

sgobgjb w`g `hs fbbj hrrbstbl$ dbt ygur grehjcsbr ajgw hjl bjmgurheb hs ohjy obofbrs hjl hmtcvcsts hs

pgsscfdb tg mhdd t`b pgdcmb sthtcgj tg bjqucrb `gw t`b hrrbstbl pbrsgj cs hjl `gw dgje t`by hrb fbcje `bdl* \`cs

why$ t`b pgdcmb wcdd ajgw t`ht t`b mustgly cs fbcje ogjctgrbl*

\bdd ygur sgdcmctgr t`ht ygu fbdcbvb t`ht t`b pgdcmb hrb cjstctutcgjhddy fchsbl hehcjst t`b FJ[ hjl t`ht ygu

t`brbigrb lg jgt whjt tg ohab hjyt cje ogrb t`hj t`b ogst fhscm sthtbobjt pgsscfdb* \`bj igddgw `cs gr `br

hlvcmb*

\`b pdhcj mdgt`bs giicmbr cs h lciibrbjt typb gi fbhst hdtgebt`br* ]pbmchd Frhjm hrb Frcthcj%s sbmrbt pgdctcmhd

pgdcmb* \`by%rb trhcjbl tg wcj t`b mgjiclbjmb gi jhcvb pbgpdb hjl t`bj tg w`bbldb t`b jhobs hjl pbrsgjhd

lbthcds gi t`bcr mgddbheubs gut gi t`bo* Ct%s t`bcr ngf tg mgddbmt cjigrohtcgj cj grlbr tg abbp hj up tg lhtb dcst gi

pgtbjtchd %sufvbrscvbs%*

\`by `hvb jg dbehd rce t w`htsgbvbr tg hsa ygu hjyt cje hjl ygu s`gudl tbdd t`bo pgdctbdy$ fut icrody$ tg ebt

fhma cjtg t`bcr abjjbds* Gjb gi t`bcr trcmas cs tg hpprghm jbw hjl %rbspbmthfdb% obofbrs hjl giibr t`bo `bdp$

pbr`hps bvbj h phjcm hdhro$ cj mhsb t`b jhsty %rbls% gr uppcty %bt`jcms% t`rbhtbj tg htthma t`bo gr t`bcr ihocdcbs*

\ cs cs h smho* \`b hco cs tg fucdl up h ebjbrhddy jgj/bxcstbjt t`rbht cj grlbr tg irce`tbj t`bo gii* \`by mhj fb

vbry mgjvcjmcje$ hjl t`b rbmcpcbjt gi t`bcr acjljbss wcdd fbdcbvb t`ht t`by%rb syopht btcm tg gur mhusb* \`by%rb

jgt* \`by%rb sthtb sbmurcty gpbrhtcvbs wgracje tg lbibjl t`b oudtc/mudt sthtb*

Gt br cjlcvcluhds ohy fb hpprghm`bl fy t`bo hjl %dbhjbl gj%* ]gobgjb wct h ocjgr 6; ybhr gdl mrcocjhd

rbmgrl ohy fb t`rbhtbjbl t`ht t`bcr fgss gr t`b dgmhd phpbr wcdd fb tgdl hfgut ct1 sgobgjb wct h fhdl tyrb wcddfb %dbt gii% cj bxm`hjeb igr h dcttdb fct gi cjigrohtcgj gj w`g%s w`g cj t`b dgmhd FJ[*

68 Lbhdcje Uct` \`b [gdcmb


34/57


\`b cjigrohtcgj t`by hsa igr tg sthrt wct cs prgfhfdy cj t`b dgmhd jbwsphpbr gr cj Irbblgo$ fut t`ht%s jgt t b

pgcjt* \`by lgj%t whjt t`cs cjigrohtcgj* U`ht t`by whjt cs tg rbmruct hj cjigrohjt* Gjmb t`ht rbdhtcgjs cp cs

bsthfdcs`bl t`by t`bj put t`b smrbws gj hjl lbohjl ogrb prcvhtb lbthcds*

Igrtujhtbdy t`by%rb bhscdy irce tbjbl gii$ fbmhusb sbmrbt pgdcmbobj t`b wgrdl gvbr whjt tg sthy cj t`b s`hlgws*

Ci ygu%rb hpprghm`bl$ hdd ygu `hvb tg lg cs tbdd t`bo t`ht ygu%rb jgt cjtbrbstbl hjl t`ht ygu%dd fb rbpgrtcje t`bcr

cjtbrbst tg ygur Vbecgjhd Grehjcsbr*

Cj t`b ujdcabdy bvbjt t`ht ygu s`gudl bvbr mgob hmrgss hjygjb w`g%s fbbj mgjjbl gr fuddcbl cjtg fbmgocje hj

cjigrohjt ygu s`gudl pbrsuhlb t`bo tg mgob mdbhj hfgut ct sg t`ht t`b prgfdbo mhj fb frgue t tg hj bjl* \`b

ogobjt bvbryt cje cs gut cj t`b gpbj t`by mhj jg dgjebr fb fdhmaohcdbl gr ohjcpudhtbl*

68


35/57


j hjy grehjcshtcgj ohlb up gi dhreb juofbrs gi vgdujtbbrs$ t`brb wcdd cjbvcthfdy fb prgfdbos wct

pbrsgjhdcty mdhs`bs hjl gllfhdds* Cj sum mcrmuosthjmbs ct%s vcthd t`ht ygu abbp ygur byb gj t`b %fceebrCpcmturb% / gur mgoogj ice`t igr nustcmb hjl irbblgo igr gur pbgpdb*Ci ygu mhj%t ebt gj wct sgobgjb t`bj icjl h obhjs gi ebttcje gut gi t`bcr why hjl ohab ygur gwj sbphrhtb

mgjtrcfutcgjs tg t`b wgra gi t`b [hrty*

Gmmhscgjhddy ygu ohy mgob hmrgss gjb gi dcib%s Uhdtbr Octty m`hrhmtbrs$ h mgopudscvb dchr gr fgrj

trgufdbohabr* \`bsb cjlcvcluhds jbvbr rbhdcsb ujtcd ct%s tgg dhtb t`ht hj grehjcshtcgj w cm` `hs spbjt sg dgje

ujlbr prbssurb irgo hdd sgrts gi gppgjbjts$ lbvbdgps h `ce`dy sbjsctcvb %jgsb% igr sum` hjtcms* Rdtcohtbdy$ t`b

gjdy pbgpdb w`g ebt `urt fy tbddcje dcbs hjl dbttcje pbgpdb lgwj hrb t`b pbrpbtrhtgrs t`bosbdvbs*

\`b scopdb rudbs wct cj hjy grehjcshtcgj igr ohcjthcjcje eggl rbdhtcgjs hrb>

j Hdwhys tbdd t`b trut *

j Lgj%t dbt pbgpdb lgwj$ fut ci ygu `hvb tg$ tbdd t`bo gpbjdy hjl lgj%t cjvbjt bxmusbs*

j Lgj%t cjludeb cj egsscp hjl lgj%t phss ct gj* Ci ygu `bhr sgobt cje gll gr ujpdbhshjt hfgut sgobgjb$ bct`br

igrebt ct gr hsa t`bo hfgut ct tg t`bcr ihmb*

j Vbobofbr$ t`brb hrb sbvbrhd lciibrbjt hjtc/FJ[ ergups w`cm` spbmchdcsb cj cjvbjtcje fdhma prgphehjlh

ihjthscbs hfgut [hrty giicmchds hjl dbhlbrs hjl sprbhl t`bo gj Cjtbrjbt igruos gr vch t`bcr %ogdbs% cj t`b [hrty*

Ci sgobt cje sgujls tgg gll gr tgg stupcl tg fb trub$ t`ht%s ebjbrhddy h eggl scej t`ht ct%s jgt(

\`b FJ[ Mglb gi Mgjlumt rbocjls us t`ht$ w cdb eggl jbws s`gudl fb sprbhl hs wclbdy hs pgsscfdb$ fhl jbws

s`gudl gjdy bvbr fb phssbl up t`b [hrty m`hcj gi mgoohjl* Jg gjb bvbr ebts cjtg trgufdb igr rhcscje mgjmbrjs

gi hjy acjl wct t`bcr dgmhd$ rbecgjhd gr jhtcgjhd mgddbheubs$ fut sprbhlcje stgrcbs$ bct`br wct cj t`b [hrty gr tg

bxtbrjhd sgurmbs$ w`bt`br trub gr ihdsb$ t`ht mgudl lhoheb ogrhdb$ cs h lciibrbjt ohttbr*

\`b [hrty%s Mglb gi Mgjlumt hjl t`b [hrty%s [rcjmcpdbs mhj fb igujl ht t`b bjl gi t`cs `hjlfgga*

%FRVJ GR\%

Gmmhscgjhddy$ h prbvcgusdy `hrl/wgracje hjl mgjstrumtcvb hmtcvcst gr giicmchd wcdd %furj gut% hjl bct br eg cjtg hj

cjhmtcvb ict gi lbprbsscgj gr$ bvbj wgrsb$ wcdd sthrt pcmacje ice ts wct mgddbheubs gr t`b dbhlbrs cp hs hj

%bxmusb% tg lrgp gut* \`b dcttdb ihmtcgjhd squhffdbs t`ht frbha gut bvbry ibw ybhrs cj hdd pgdctcmhd grehjcshtcgjs

hdwhys hmt gi ohejbts tg pbgpdb cj t cs ujigrtujhtb pgsctcgj* Hdt`gue ct%s jgt vbry mgoogj$ fbmhusb wb `hvb

sg ohjy giicmchds lgcje sg ohjy erbht ngfs$ ct%s cjbvcthfdb t`ht h ibw wcdd hdwhys fb vudjbrhfdb*

Ci ygu sbb sgobgjb s`gwcje scejs gi furj/gut typcmhddy rhcsbl dbvbds gi crrcthfcdcty$ crrhtcgjhd gr brrhtcm

fb`hvcgur$ lbprbsscgj hjl dgss gi `gpb# t`bj ebjtdy bjmgurheb t`bo tg thab h fct gi h frbha / ygu oce`t jbbl tg

icjl sgobgjb w`g mhj `bdp t`bo gr bvbj thab gvbr t`bcr wgradghl igr h w cdb*

Ci ct `hppbjs tg ygu$ ci fy m`hjmb t`b tcob s`gudl mgob w`bj ygu%vb `hl bjgue hjl `hvb jgt cje ogrb tg

giibr$ t`bj pdbhsb$ pdbhsb lgj%t ujlg hdd t`b eggl wgra ygu%vb lgjb hjl dgsb t`b ircbjls cp gi pbgpdb w`g `hvb

mgob tg trust hjl hlocrb ygu* Cjstbhl gi pcmacje ice ts gr fdhocje gt br pbgpdb igr ygur lbmcscgj tg eg$ nust tbdd

ygur ogst trustbl mgddbheubs t`ht ygu jbbl sgob tcob gut$ s`hab `hjls hjl whda hwhy wct ygur `bhl `bdl

`ce * \ ht why ygu%dd fb wbdmgob fhma ht hjy tcob ygu whjt tg ebt cjvgdvbl hehcj hjl$ cj hjy mhsb$ ygu mhj

hdwhys fb prgul gi ygur phst biigrts*

66 Eggl Vbdhtcgjs


36/57


CJ\BVJB\ IGVRO]> Lgj%t whstb ygur tcob lbibjlcje t`b [hrty gr cjlcvcluhds irgo htthmas fy abyfghrl

whrrcgrs gj Cjtbrjbt igruos* \`bsb hrb cjibstbl wct jbg/Jhzcs hjl Ohrxcst mrhjas$ fut hrb jbvbr sbbj fy

jgrohd pbgpdb sg nust cejgrb t`bo*

\`b Cjtbrjbt cs hdsg pgpudhtbl fy supbricmchddy mgjvcjmcje mgjspcrhmy t`bgrcsts* H ibw gi t`bsb t`bgrcbs ohy

hmtuhddy fb trub$ fut t`b ebjbrhd pufdcm hrb ujdcabdy bvbr tg wgra t`ht gut$ sg igr jhtcgjhdcsts tg hmmbpt hjl

pufdcmcsb t`bo wgudl gjdy hddgw t`b oblch tg pgrtrhy us hs mrhjas* Ci ygu `hvb hjy sum %`gffy`grsbs%$ abbp

t`bo strcmtdy tg ygursbdi$ lgj%t lcsmuss t`bo ht obbtcjes hjl lgj%t pgst t`bo hjyw`brb cj myfbrsphmb* Ct%s vbry

bhsy tg trhma sum` pgstcjes hjl vhrcgus hjtc/FJ[ grehjcshtcgjs rgutcjbdy trhwd t`b Cjtbrjbt dggacje igr ohtbrchd

pgstbl$ bvbj fy grlcjhry obofbrs$ w`cm t`by mhj usb tg lhoheb t`b [hrty cj t`b bybs gi t`b pufdcm*

FDGE]> Dgmhd [hrty fdges hrb jgt pbrocttbl* [brsgjhd hjl dgmhd hrbh gjbs$ w cm` hvgcl fbcje gvbrtdy FJ[

ogst gi t`b tcob hjl t`ht frcje obofbrs gi t`b pufdcm cjtg mdgsbr mgjthmt wct gur clbhs$ hrb h lciibrbjt ohttbr*

Irgo tcob tg tcob %cjlbpbjlbjt% dgmhd fges cj phrtcmudhr `bdp us tg mgddbmt hjl lcssbocjhtb ohtbrchd w cm` cs

vbry lhohecje tg t`b gt br phrtcbs* H wgrl gi whrjcje t`gue nust fbmhusb sgobt cje `hs hdrbhly fbbj

rbpgrtbl lgbsj%t ohab ct trub gr dbehddy shib tg rbpbht* Dcfbd dhws hrb mgopdcmhtbl hjl `clbgusdy bxpbjscvb$ sg ci

cj hjy lguft ht hdd$ abbp bvbj t`b nucmcbst %lcrt% tg ygursbdi*

UBF]C\B]> Bvbrygjb ajgws t`ht t`b Cjtbrjbt cs h vbry pgwbriud oblcuo$ hjl gjb cj w cm`$ wct prgnbmts

sum hs FJ[tv$ wb dbhl t`b Frctcs` pgdctcmhd icbdl* ]g ct%s gjdy jhturhd t`ht bvbry jgw hjl t`bj dgmhd hmtcvcsts

mgob up wct t`b clbh gi sbttcje up dgmhd FJ[ wbfsctbs gr fdges* Rjigrtujhtbdy$ wb `hvb dbhrjbl t`rgue` ybhrs

gi bxpbrcbjmb t`ht sum` wbdd cjtbjtcgjbl dgmhd cjctchtcvbs hrb irhue t wct prgfdbos*

Ohjy vcmtcos gi Frcthcj%s dgusy blumhtcgj systbo hrb tgthddy ujhwhrb gi t`b ihmt t`ht t`by mhj%t wrctb prgpbr

Bjedcs` hjl gt brs ebt mhrrcbl hwhy prgogtcje myfbrsphmb mgjspcrhmy t`bgrcbs w cm`$ bvbj ci trub$ strcab t`b

pufdcm hs fhracje ohl hjl sg mhj fb usbl fy t`b oblch tg lhoheb t`b [hrty* Ugrst gi hdd$ sum gpbrhtcgjs

ebjbrhddy cjvgdvb hj bjgrogus lupdcmhtcgj gi biigrt hjl rbhm` ibw$ ci hjy$ obofbrs gi t`b pufdcm hjl whstb

prbmcgus tcob w`cm wgudl fb fbttbr spbjt gj strbbt dbvbd mgooujcty pgdctcms mhophcejs*

Igr t`bsb rbhsgjs$ w cdb wb mhjjgt stgp cjlcvcluhds uscje t`b Cjtbrjbt hs t`by wcs $ t`b FJ[ lgbs jgt hddgw

obofbrs gr ujcts tg ruj wbfsctbs gr fdges w cm` usb t`b FJ[ dgeg gr [hrty jhob cj t`bcr tctdb$ gr w cm` ecvb

t`b coprbsscgj gi fbcje giicmchd FJ[ gpbrhtcgjs* \ cs rudb ohy gmmhscgjhddy fb whvbl sg wb mhj mgjtcjub tg

bxpbrcobjt wct lciibrbjt tbm`jcqubs igr bxpdgctcje t`b ergwcje pgwbr gi myfbrsphmb oblch$ fut wcdd ebjbrhd fb

up bdl ujtcd iurt`br jgtcmb*

Igr t`gsb w`g whjt tg fb cjvgdvbl cj trudy mgjstrumtcvb pgdctcmhd hjl mgooujcty fdgeecje$ t`b hjswbr cs tg sbt

up sctbs w cm` hppbhr tg fb tgthddy cjlbpbjlbjt gi hjy pgdctcmhd phrty$ cjmdulcje gurs* \`bsb mhj fb ruj hs h

ebgerhp`cmhd gr cjtbrbst ergup b*e Sgurtgwj Dgmhd [gdctcms fdge gr Ihrobrs Hehcjst t`b BR fdge* Hpphrbjtdy

cjlbpbjlbjt sctbs bxpgscje t`b wrgjelgcjes hjl ihcdcjes gi t`b gdl phrtcbs hjl ohacje suftdy ihvgurhfdb

rbibrbjmb tg t`b FJ[$ wcdd fb oum ogrb httrhmtcvb hjl mgjvcjmcje tg t`b wclbr pufdcm t`hj sctbs w cm` hrb

mdbhrdy gurs hjl t`us pbrmbcvbl hs hutgohtcmhddy fchsbl*

Ub%vb hdd `bhrl t`b bxprbsscgj Sgu mhj frcje h `grsb tg whtbr fut ygu mhj%t ohab ct lrcja* Ub s`gudl usb

sum sctbs tg frcje t`b `grsb hs mdgsb hs pgsscfdb tg t`b whtbr hjl gjmb t`by icjl t`ht t`by herbb wct gur

pgdcmcbs$ `gpbiuddy t`by%dd %lrcja%*

B/OHCD>Ohab surb ygu m`ggsb h sbmurb sbrvbr t`rgue` w cm` tg mgjlumt ygur bohcd mgrrbspgjlbjmb hjl lgj%t

usb ct tg bxprbss bxtrbob vcbws gr hlvgmhtb vcgdbjmb gi hjy lbsmrcptcgj* Sgur bohcds hrb prgfhfdy dbss sbmurbt`hj ygu t cja sg jbvbr wrctb hjyt cje ygu wgudlj%t whjt tg sbb gj t`b irgjt pheb gi ygur dgmhd phpbr*

6= \bm`jgdgey


37/57

t gjb dbvbd pbgpdb ngcj t`b [hrty fbmhusb t`by%rb wgrrcbl hfgut t`b why t cjes hrb egcje hjl ohjy

lgj%t whjt tg fb hsabl$ gjb lhy$ fy t`bcr lbsphcrcje erhjlm`cdlrbj w`ht t`by lcl tg turj t cjes hrgujlHfhma cj t`b lhys w`bj t`brb whs stcdd tcob*Fut t`ht%s jgt hdd t`brb cs tg ct* ]mcbjtcsts ajgw t`ht gjdy h tcjy prgpgrtcgj gi hjy pgpudhtcgj hrb mhphfdb gi

ohacje up t`bcr gwj ocjls hfgut sgobt cje t`by%vb rbhl gr `bhrl t`bosbdvbs* \ cs cs w`y prgibsscgjhd

hlvbrtcsbrs s`gw clbhdcsbl `gusbwcvbs gr lrcvbrs$ gr pbt gwjbrs uscje t`bcr prglumts* Ogst pbgpdb lbmclb tg fuy

sgobt cje gjdy w`bj t`by sbb gt br pbgpdb lgcje sg hdrbhly$ hjl ci t`gsb gt br pbgpdb hrb sdce`tdy fbttbr

dggacje$ rcm`br gr ogrb sgmchddy summbssiud t`hj t`bosbdvbs$ t`bj t`bcr bxhopdb cs bvbj ogrb mgopbddcje hjl

pbgpdb whjt tg boudhtb t`bo*

\ cs cs w`y ebjbrhd pgdcmy dbhidbts$ mgpcbs gi Irbblgo hjl gt br pufdcmcty ohtbrchd irbqubjtdy rbmruct t`b icst

ibw hmtcvcsts hjl giicmchds cj h jbw hrbh$ w cdst ogst gi t`b jbxt whvb gi obofbrs cs frgue t cj t`rgue`

pbrsgjhd mgjthmt hjl wgrl gi ogut`* \`ht cs jgt tg shy t`ht hjy ujct s`gudl ecvb up gr eg sdgw gj ebttcje gut

pufdcmcty hjl rbmructobjt ohtbrchd$ fbmhusb ct cs hfsgdutbdy mrumchd cj fucdlcje up bdbmtgrhd suppgrt1 fut gjmb hj

hrbh `hs fbbj % ct% sbvbrhd tcobs ygu wcdd icjl t`ht jbw obofbrs cp bjqucrcbs thcd gii*

Oglbrj sgmcbty tbjls tg frbha up ihocdcbs hjl mgooujctcbs$ dbhvcje ohjy pbgpdb ibbdcje dgjbdy hjl ircbjldbss*

\`bsb twg ihmtgrs mgofcjb tg bxpdhcj w`y sgmchd bvbjts sum hs fhma ehrlbj fhrfbmubs hrb sg usbiud igr turjcje

jbw %prgspbmts% cjtg mgoocttbl obofbrs* Icrst tcob vcsctgrs oust fb ohlb tg ibbd bspbmchddy wbdmgob* Bhtcje

hjl sgmchdcscje tgebt`br cs h vbry pgwbriud sufmgjsmcgus prggi gi ircbjls cp hjl %fbdgjecje%* \`bsb t`cjes hrb

lbbpdy rggtbl `uohj jbbls hjl w`bj ygu usb t`bo ygu%dd fb hohzbl ht `gw qucmady ygur ergup ergws*


6< U`y Lg [bgpdb Ngcj7


38/57

gt hdd pbgpdb hrb bquhd* U bj ct mgobs tg m`hjecje `gw h mgooujcty t cjas hjl vgtbs$ sgob

cjlcvcluhds hrb h dgt ogrb vhduhfdb t`hj gt brs*JMhf lrcvbrs$ pufdcmhjs$ pbgpdb w`g rbeudhrdy ebt dbttbrs pufdcs`bl cj t`b phpbr$ cjlbpbjlbjt mgujmcddgrs$ m`cp

s`gp gwjbrs$ fhrfbrs hdd t`bsb pbgpdb `hvb dgmhd %mdgut% fbmhusb t`by thda tg sg ohjy gt br pbgpdb cj t`b

mgursb gi t`bcr wgra* Nust gjb gi t`bo cs wgrt h lgzbj$ ogrb rbtcmbjt rbmructs$ sg ohab h spbmchd biigrt tg ebt

t`bo %gj obssheb%* [hss t`bo mgpcbs giIrbblgo$ cjvctb t`bo tg ygur fhrfbmubs$ try tg ebt t`bo tg h obbtcje*

\`b shob hppdcbs tg mbrthcj strbbts w`bj ct mgobs tg ygur mgooujcty pgdctcms wgra$ gr mhjvhsscje w`bj ygu

lgj%t `hvb t`b tcob tg mgvbr h w`gdb whrl* \wg gr t rbb pgstbrs cj h fusy rghl t`ht ebts h dgt gi phsscje trhiicm

hrb wgrt ogrb t hj h lgzbj cj h mud/lb/shm w`brb jg gjb bdsb sbbs t`bo* Ct ohabs sbjsb tg dgga igr cssubs cj

t`b dhrebr$ fuscbr strbbts icrst hjl sthrt ygur wgra w`brb ygur biigrts wcdd `hvb t`b ohxcouo cophmt*


62 \hrebtbl Vbmructobjt


39/57

`b ujbhsb hjl sbjsb gi jgt fbdgjecje tg h prgpbr mgooujcty t`ht ocddcgjs gi pbgpdb ibbd$ cs jgt nust t`b

rbsudt gi hmtuhd prgfdbos sum hs hjtc/sgmchd fb`hvcgur gr luopbl dcttbr* Bvbj ogrb copgrthjt cs t`b\hdcbjhtcgj hjl dgjbdcjbss ohjy ibbd cj h sgmcbty w`brb ihocdcbs hjl mgooujctcbs hrb spdct up fy t`bjbbl tg ogvb hwhy igr wgra$ ohss coocerhtcgj hjl t`b lbmdcjb gi gur jhtcgjhd mudturb hjl trhlctcgjs*

Ht h pbrsgjhd dbvbd wb mhj `bdp tg icdd t`bsb ehps cj sgob pbgpdb%s dcvbs fy cjvgdvcje t`bo cj gur sgmchd bvbjts

hjl fy wgrt`w`cdb mgooujcty `bdp prgnbmts w`cm` rbstgrb t`bcr sbdi/rbspbmt hjl sbjsb gi fbdgjecje* Ub mhj$ cj

ihmt$ thab gj t`b rgdb gi surrgehtb ihocdy*

Ht mgooujcty dbvbd t`brb cs h ergwcje sufmgjsmcgus jbbl igr pbgpdb tg rbmgjjbmt wct t`bcr rggts* @gw gitbj

`hvb wb `bhrl t`b mgopdhcjt Bvbrygjb bdsb cs bjmgurhebl tg mbdbfrhtb t`bcr bt jcm clbjtcty$ bxmbpt us

Bjedcs ( 7

\ cs cs pbr`hps t`b ogst mgoogj scej gi pgtbjtchd FJ[ suppgrt t`brb cs hjl ct%s hs trub cj oudtcmudturhd hrbhs hs

ct cs cj % clbgusdy w ctb% hrbhs w`brb ohjy pbgpdb whjt tg abbp t cjes t`by why t`by hrb*

Ub mhj icdd t`b clbjtcty ehp hjl fucdl ohsscvb dgmhd suppgrt igr t`b hmtcvcsts cjvgdvbl fy grehjcscje hjl

bjmgurhecje t`cjes dcab ]t* Ebgreb%s Lhy phrhlbs$ iuj lhys hjl strbbt phrtcbs*

Cj `bhvcdy %bjrcm`bl% hrbhs w`brb gur pbgpdb hrb fbmgocje nust hjgt`br ocjgrcty$ bquhd rce`ts mhophcejs hjl

clbjtcty cjctchtcvbs `hvb ihr ogrb pgtbjtchd t`hj sthjlhrl bdbmtcgjbbrcje cj jbce`fgur ggls w`brb wb mhj jg

dgjebr wcj* Lbibjlcje gur pbgpdb%s rce ts hjl mgooujctcbs rbohcjs fgt gur luty hjl hj gppgrtujcty tg

ohxcocsb gur vgtb cj prgpgrtcgjhd rbprbsbjthtcgj bdbmtcgjs sum` hs t`b Hssbofdcbs hjl t`b Burgpbhj

[hrdchobjt*


69 Clbjtcty [gdctcms


40/57

`b summbss gi gur ygut wcje$ t`b SFJ[$ cs gjb gi t`b ogst copgrthjt gfnbmtcvbs gi t`b [hrty* Hitbr hdd$

ct cs igr t`b rce ts hjl irbblgos gi gur m cdlrbj hjl erhjlm`cdlrbj t`ht wb hrb ice tcje$ hjl wb `hvb tg\rbmruct jbw$ yguje hmtcvcsts gr t`b phrty wgudl erhluhddy lcb gii([rhmtcmhddy hdd ygujestbrs cj Frcthcj tglhy `hvb fbbj rbdbjtdbssdy ohjcpudhtbl t`rgue`gut t`bcr igrohtcvb ybhrs

fy hj blumhtcgj systbo ruj fy Ohrxcsts hjl dcfbrhds sg t`ht t`b prbvhcdcje pgdctcmhddy mgrrbmt mdcohtb cj w`cm

wb jgw dcvb sbbos %jgrohd% tg t`bo* Hitbr hdd$ t`by%vb jgt fbbj cj t`b wgrdl dgje bjgue tg rbobofbr hjy gt br

why gi dcib hjl sg mhjjgt mgjmbcvb gi t`b trhecm cjnustcmbs fbcje pbrpbtrhtbl gj t`bo*

\`b thsa gi t`b SFJ[ cj ujrhvbddcje t`b lbmhlbs gi frhcjwhs`cje t`by$ hjl bvbj sgob gi t`bcr phrbjts$ `hvb

fbbj sufnbmtbl tg$ s`gudl jgt fb ujlbrbstcohtbl hjl cs ujlguftbldy h dgje/tbro ujlbrthacje rbqucrcje

rbsgurmbs$ iujlcje$ rb/blumhtcgj hjl ohsscvb mgooctobjt irgo gur obofbrs*

Hdd obofbrs w`g `hvb m cdlrbj fbtwbbj t`b hebs gi 8= hjl 80 s`gudl mrbhtb h mdcohtb wct cj t`b `gob

bjvcrgjobjt w`cm` stbbrs t`bo tgwhrl SFJ[ obofbrs`cp hjl bvbry biigrt s`gudl fb ohlb tg bjmgurheb t`bo

tg httbjl t`b ohjy iuj hmtcvctcbs grehjcsbl igr t`bo ht t`b VUF hjl gt br bvbjts*

Ub jbbl tg thda tg gur m cdlrbj hjl cjstcd t`bo wct h sbjsb gi prclb cj t`bcr jhtcgjhd clbjtcty hjl t`bcr jhtcgj%s

hm cbvbobjts hjl `cstgry* Bvbry `gur spbjt cj rbmdhcocje gur m`cdlrbj irgo t`bcr sm`ggd%s hebjlh gi turjcje

t`bo cjtg gfblcbjt$ ujqubstcgjcje hjl mgopdchjt %edgfhd mctczbjs% cjmrbhsbs t`bcr m`hjmb gi h sbmurb iuturb cj

t`bcr gwj `gobdhjl* Ub hrbj%t sueebstcje t`ht ygu bjeheb cj cjlgmtrcjhtcje ygur gwj m cdlrbj$ nust t`ht ygu

giibr jbw pbrspbmtcvbs igr t`bcr mgjsclbrhtcgj$ bjmgurheb qubstcgjcje hjl lcsmuss t`b dgjebr tbro mgjsbqubjmbs

gi w`ht t`by `hvb fbbj thue`t cj sm`ggd*

Hllctcgjhddy$ t`b phrty jhtcgjhddy cs puttcje cjmrbhscje biigrt cjtg %gutrbhm % wgra lbscejbl fgt tg httrhmt ogrb

ygujestbrs$ hjl tg ebt pufdcmcty igr gur biigrts cj lgcje sg* ]um mbjtrhd cjctchtcvbs$ `gwbvbr$ rbdy gj dgmhd

cjvgdvbobjt igr ohxcouo cophmt$ sg ygu s`gudl fb gj t`b dggagut igr whys tg `bdp*


65 Sguje FJ[


41/57


t h dgmhd ergup hjl frhjm dbvbd$ ct cs mrumchd t`ht h ujct ohcjthcjs cts icjhjmbs mgrrbmtdy hjl prulbjtdy cj

grlbr tg bjsurb t`hth ujct iujmtcgjswct`gut `cjlrhjmb*HVBOHCJ]GDYBJ\

Ct cs t`b rgdb gi t`b iujl/`gdlbr tg bjsurb t`ht t`b ergup rbohcjs icjhjmchddy sgdvbjt*H sgdvbjt ujct t`ht cs icjhjmchddy

sthfdb wcdd bjsurb t`ht t`b ujct%s ogjt dy pufdcmhtcgj grlbrs$ c*b* Ygcmb gi Irbblgo hjl Clbjtcty wcdd fb rbmbcvbl

rbeudhrdy hjlgj tcob*

Igr h ujct tg rbohcj icjhjmchddy sgdvbjt t`b frhjm gr ergup jbbls tg `hvb rbeudhr obbtcjes$ ht w cm` tg `gdl

mgddbmtcgjs hjl rhiidbs$ sbdd phrty pufdcmhtcgjs$ dctbrhturb hjl obrm`hjlcsb* Lggr tg lggr shdbs giYgcmbgi Irbblgo

hrbhjgt`br erbht sgurmb gi rbeudhr cjmgob*

OBB\CJE]HJLIRJL]MGDDBM\BL

Ht bhmòbbtcje$ ct cs t`b luty gi t`b iujl/`gdlbrtg rbmbcvb hdd ogjcbs hjl tg hjjgujmb t`b tgthd hogujt rhcsbl*\`cs

cscopgrthjt hsct s`gwstrhjsphrbjmy$ hjl cjstcds mgjiclbjmb cj h ujct%s dgmhdobofbrs*Hitbr bhmòbbtcje$ t`b iujl/

`gdlbr s`gudl fhja t`b ogjcbs rhcsbl cjtg t`b rbecgjhd fhja hmmgujt* \`bsb fhjabl iujls hrb t`bj mrblctbl tg t`ht

ujct%s fhja hmmgujt* Bhm ogjt $ hjy pufdcmhtcgjs$ obrm`hjlcsb$ btm grlbrbl fy t`b ujct wcdd fb lbfctbl lcrbmtdy

irgo t`bcr fhja hmmgujt* \ cs cs w`y ct cs mrumchd tg abbp h `bhdt`y fhdhjmb fbtwbbj `gw oum pbtty mhs ygu hrb

`gdlcje hjl `gw oum ygu fhja* H `bhdt`y fhja hmmgujt hmts hs h shvcjes hmmgujt igr ygur pufdcmhtcgj grlbrs$

dbhidbts$ hjlvhrcgus bdbmtcgjfcdds hs t`byhrcsb*

[B\\SMH]@FGGA

Ohcjthcjcje h mdbhr hjl up/tg lhtb pbtty mhs fgga cs vbry copgrthjt* \`b pbtty mhs fgga cs gpbj tg cjspbmtcgj fy

iuddy phcl upobofbrs ci t`by ecvb eggl hlvhjmb jgtcmb tg t`b iujl/`gdlbr* Ct cs hdsg copgrthjt tgohcjthcj hj up/tg

lhtb pbtty mhs fgga hs ht mbrthcj tcobs gi t`b ybhr$ bct br t`b Vbecgjhd\rbhsurbr gr t`b Lbputy \rbhsurbr ohy mhdd

t`b pbttymhs`fggas cjigr cjspbmtcgj hjl hulct*

Ergups hrb hddgwbl tg `gdl 8;; cj pbtty mhs hjl h frhjm ohy `gdl 6;;* Ci t`b pbtty mhs bxmbbls t cs hogujt$

hjl ci h ergup cs iujmtcgjcjewbdd$ ct s`gudl# t`ht ujct `hs 5 lhys tg fhja t`b lciibrbjmb tg t`b rbecgjhd fhja hmmgujt$

tùs frcjecje t`ht ujct%s pbtty mhs hogujt fhma lgwj tg cts pbrocsscfdb dcoct* Ci h ujct whjts tg cjmrbhsb t`b hogujt

gi pbtty mhs ct ohy `gdl lub tg h ohcjthcjbl cjmrbhsb cj hmtcvcty$ t`by mhj mgjthmt bct`br t`b Lbputy \rbhsurbr gr

Jhtcgjhd\rbhsurbr hjl sufoct t`bcr rbqubst*

Hdd fcdds ht h dgmhd dbvbd s`gudl rgue`dy sthy wct cj t`b mgjicjbs gi t`b pbtty mhs dcoct* Bxpbjlcturb bxmbblcje t`b

pbtty mhs `bdl cs mdhsscicbl hs ohngr bxpbjlcturb1 hjl wcdd rbqucrb h purm`hsb grlbr irgo bct`br t`b Lbputy

\rbhsurbr gr t`bVbecgjhd\rbhsurbr*

LGJGVM@BMA]HJL[BVOC]]CFCDC\S

Ct cs t`b ngf gi t`b iujl/`gdlbr tg mgopdy wct hdd trbhsury rbeudhtcgjs* Mrumchddy t cs cjmdulbs lgjgr m`bmas hjl

pbrocsscfcdcty*Hj cjlcvcluhd mhj lgjhtb up tg 6;; wct`gut fbcje dcstbl gj h murrbjt bdbmtgrhd rbecstbr* Ci h lgjgr cs

gj t`b bdbmtgrhd rbecstbr$ t`brb cs jg dcoct tg t`b hogujt t`ht t`b cjlcvcluhd ohy lgjhtb* Ci ygu rbmbcvb h lgjhtcgj igr

gvbr 6;;$ ygu oust m`bma t`ht t`cs lgjgrcs gj t`b murrbjt bdbmtgrhd rbecstbr$ hjl prgvclb prggigit`cs tg t`b Lbputy

\rbhsurbr gr t`bVbecgjhd\rbhsurbr*

60 \rbhsury ) \`b Dgmhd Rjct


42/57

[HV\ 6

Grehjcsbrs Euclb



43/57


ur hco cs t ht h Frhjm gi t`b [hrty cs bsthfdcs`bl cj bhm dgmhd hut`grcty hrbh gi t`b mgujtry* Ct oce t

fb t`b mhsb t`ht cj mbrthcj vbry dhreb dgmhd hut`grctcbs$ twg gr ogrb frhjm`bs ohy fb bsthfdcs`bl$Gusuhddy fhsbl gj phrdchobjthry mgjstctubjmcbs* Murrbjtdy h frhjm ohy mgvbr hj hrbh mgjsclbrhfdydhrebr t`hj gjb dgmhd hut`grcty$ fut t`b fgujlhry gi t`b frhjm %s hrbh wcdd hdwhys mgcjmclb wct dgmhdegvbrjobjthd fgujlhrcbs*

HErgup cs h ujct gi t`b [hrty w cm` cs sohddbr t`hj h frhjm $ hjl cj bsthfdcs`cje t`b fgujlhrcbs gi h ergup$ t`b

shob mrctbrch hs frhjm`bs hppdcbs* Ct s`gudl fb t`b hspcrhtcgj gi bvbry ergup tg fbmgob h frhjm * H Ergup

rbqucrbs twg pbgpdb w`g vgdujtbbr tg fb Grehjcsbr hjl Iujl`gdlbr* \`b Grehjcsbr hjl Iujl`gdlbr mhjjgt fb

phrtjbrs gr `usfhjl hjl wcib* Ci twg giicmchds mhjjgt fb igujl$ t`bj h Mgjthmt wcdd fb hppgcjtbl tg mgvbr hj

hrbh t`ht wgudl mgcjmclb wct dgmhd hut grcty fgujlhrcbs*

HMgjthmt cs hppgcjtbl w`bj t`brb hrb jgt bjgue obofbrs cj hj hrbh tg igro h ergup$ fut s`gudl wgra

tgwhrls fbmgocje h ergup cj tcob*

8 Frhjm`bs$ Ergups ) Mgjthmts


44/57

Hdd [hrty giicmchds oust fb rbecstbrbl gj t`b Igro = lhthfhsb* Igro =s hrb hvhcdhfdb tg lgwjdghl irgo t`b

Grehjcsbrs% wbfsctb

www*fjp*gre*ua'grehjcsbrs

Hdd hppgcjtobjts s`gudl fb hpprgvbl cj t`b icrst cjsthjmb fy t`b Vbecgjhd Grehjcsbr*[dbhsb rbobofbr hdsg tg

cjigro Hlocj* ]uppgrt gi hjy rbscejhtcgjs irgo giicmchd pgsts sg t`ht lbthcds mhj fb lbdbtbl cj hmmgrlhjmb

wct` t`b Lhth [rgtbmtcgj Hmt*

6 Vbecstbrcje [hrty Giicmchds



45/57


FVHJM@> \g fb h frhjm h ujct s`gudl

j @hvb ht dbhst 2; obofbrs*

j ]bdd 82; mgpcbs gi Ygcmb gi Irbblgo hjl 82 mgpcbs gi Clbjtcty bhm` cssub*

j @hvb stggl ht dbhst H jbw ergup wgudl$ wct cj 9 ogjt s gi cts igrohtcgj$ fb bxpbmtbl tg>

j ]bdd 2; mgpcbs gi Irbblgo hjl 2 mgpcbs gi Clbjtcty bhm ogjt *

j @gdl ht dbhst 6 obbtcjes pbr ybhr*

j H ergup cs hddgwbl tg `gdl jg ogrb t`hj 8;; cj pbtty mhs *

\`b ergup grehjcsbr hjl iujl`gdlbr hrb fgt bxpbmtbl tg httbjl Vbecgjhd Ohjhebobjt Obbtcjes hs hjl w`bj

mhddbl hjl t`b hjjuhd Grehjcsbrs% Mgjibrbjmb*

\`b Ergup Grehjcsbr cs sbjt h mgpy gi I]CL*

Hs wct frhjm`bs$ ergup pbrigrohjmb wcdd fb ogjctgrbl twcmb ybhrdy tg lbtbrocjb w`bt br ct `hs ergwj

suiicmcbjtdy tg bjtctdb ct tg prgogtcgj tg frhjm sthtus* Ci h ergup ihcds tg prgerbss tg frhjm sthtus wct cj twg

ybhrs gi cts igrohtcgj$ t`bj t cs cs hj cjlcmhtcgj t`ht t cjes hrb jgt prgerbsscje hs t`by s`gudl hjl rboblchd

hmtcgj ohy fb rbqucrbl*

MGJ\HM\> H mgjthmt cs sgobgjb cj h dgmhd hut`grcty hrbh w`g cs t`b gjdy obofbr t`brb wcddcje tg thab gj

= ]thtus Cjlcmhtgrs


46/57

giicmchd rbspgjscfcdcty* \`b mgjthmt mhj fucdl tgwhrl bsthfdcs cje h ergup fy igddgwcje up bjqucrcbs cj t`b hrbh$

dbhidbtcje hjl ebjbrhddy fbecjjcje t`b prgmbss gi fucdlcje h iu

british national party activist handbook

Documents