broadband access technology

7/25/2019 Broadband Access Technology

1/62

INTRODUCTION

Broadband is defned byTelecom RegulatoryAuthority o IndiaTRAI!"

Broadband is an al#ays$on data connection that isable to su%%ort interacti&e ser&ices"

It has the ca%ability o minimum do#nload s%eedo '()*b%s"

Broadband is designed to %ro&ide Digital+ubscriber ,in*D+,! ser&ices

across the entirecountry"

It %ro&ides ser&ices utili-ing the e.isting

underground cable resources"


2/62

It is a cost e/ecti&e technology"

It %ro&ides high s%eed internet ser&ices to theusers"

Transmission o digital inormation rom onede&ice to another is the basic unction"


3/62

BROADBAND ACC0++

Broadband access connects indi&idual com%uterterminals and com%uter net#or*sto the Internet"

It enables the users to access Internet ser&ices"

Internet ser&ice %ro&iders I+1s! o/er Internetaccess to the %ublic through &arious technologiesthat o/er a #ide range o data signaling ratess%eeds!"

In modern #orld %eo%le demand greater s%eed"

+o I+1s %ro&ide tools to measure the s%eed ointernet access"


4/62

BROADBAND ACC0++T0C2NO,O3I0+


5/62

DI3ITA, +UB+CRIB0R4+ ,IN0 D+,!

Digital +ubscriber ,ine D+,! is a technology that%ro&ides digital data transmission o&er the e.isting#ires o local tele%hone net#or*"

Digital +ubscriber ,ine D+,! is a broadband high$

s%eedInternet technology that brings high$band#idth inormation to home and o5ces o&erordinary co%%er tele%hone lines"

D+, ta*es ad&antage o the unused band#idth ine.isting tele%hone cable lines"

D+, o%erates abo&e the 6"7 *2- since thesere9uencies are allocated or &oice transmission"


6/62

:0ATUR0+O: D+,;

Distance$ sensiti&e technology"

Internet connection is al#ays ON" +imultaneous use o the %hone line or &oice

as #ell as data tra5c" Internet Connection is highly reliable and

secure" 2igh +%eed


7/62

BA+IC D+, N0T>OR=


8/62

T?10+ O: D+,

AD+,Asymmetric Digital +ubscriber ,ine!

@D+,@ery high$bit$rate Digital +ubscriber ,ine!

+D+,+ymmetric Digital +ubscriber ,ine !

RAD+,Rate Ada%ti&e Digital +ubscriber ,ine!

2D+,2igh bitdata rate Digital +ubscriber ,ine!

I+DN D+,Integrated +er&ice Digital Net#or*!


9/62

Asymmetric Digital +ubscriber ,ine AD+,!;


10/62

@D+,!;

@ery 2igh Bit Rate Digital +ubscriber ,ine"

1ro&ides high s%eed internet connection" >or*s only o&er a short distance"

+ymmetric Digital +ubscriber ,ine +D+,!;

+ymmetrical Digital +ubscriber ,ine" Does not allo#s to use the %hone at the sametime" Internet s%eed o u%stream and do#nstream aresame"

Rate Ada%ti&e Digital +ubscriber ,ine RAD+,!;

Rate Ada%ti&e Digital +ubscriber ,ine"

This ser&ice is a &ariation o AD+, " 2ere the modem can adEust the internet s%eed "


11/62

2D+,!;

2igh bitdata rate Digital +ubscriber ,ine" It #as the frst D+, technology that used a higherre9uency s%ectrumo co%%er t#isted %air cables"

I+DN D+,!;

Integrated +er&ice Digital Net#or* Digital+ubscriber ,ine"

+ymmetric data rates o u%to77 *b%s can be

accessed using e.isting %hone lines" Ca%able o using the same modem or terminalada%tor used or I+DNand is al#ays a&ailable"


12/62

AD@ANTA30+

D+, ser&ice is al#ays ON and #e can still use the%hone or &oice calls" Broadband s%eed is much aster than dial u%ser&ice" :i.ed monthly billing regardless o time usage"

Digital data is directly transmitted to com%uteras digital data #hich uses much #ider band#idthor transmitting"

DI+AD@ANTA30+

As you mo&e a#ay rom the central o5ce theconnection becomes slo#er"This results is distortion o signal"


13/62

CAB,0


14/62

Cable connecti&ity


15/62

CONN0CTI@IT?

0thernet HBaseT is the most %redominantmethod"

?our Cable Com%any su%%lies you #ith aconnection to your home #hich in turn is connectedto a s%litter bo."

One s%ur rom the s%litter bo. is connected toyourT@ through a T@ Ada%ter"

The other being connected to your Cable


16/62

AD@ANTA30+

2igh$+%eed Internet Access

2igh A&ailability

2igh band#idth to lo# cost

No ne# sot#are is re9uired

Al#ays on Connecti&ity

No reconstruction o cable system is re9uired


17/62

DI+AD@ANTA30+

Tra5c congestion on the net

2igher security ris* than dialu% connections

Al#ays on Connecti&ity

Usually tied #ith cable T@ subscri%tion


18/62

O1TICA, :IBR0 T0C2NO,O3?

Communications systems that carry inormationthrough a guided fber cableare called fber o%ticsystems"

It can unction as a #a&eguide or light %i%eJ totransmit lightbet#een the t#o ends o the fber"

:ibers are used instead o metal #ires becausesignals tra&el along them #ith less loss"

O%tical fbers are also immune to electromagneticintererence"


19/62


20/62

>OR=IN3

Total Internal ReKection;Total internal reKection is a %henomenon thatha%%ens #hen a %ro%agating #a&e stri*es a mediumboundary at an angle larger than a %articular critical

angle#ith res%ect to the normal to the surace"

I the reracti&e inde. is lo#er on the other side othe boundary and the incident angle is greaterthanthe critical angle the #a&e cannot %ass through and

is entirely reKected"

The critical angle is the angle o incidence abo&e#hich the total internal reKectance occurs"


21/62

>hen a #a&e crosses a boundary bet#een

materials #ith di/erent *inds o reracti&e indicesthe #a&e #ill be %artially reracted at the boundarysurace and %artially reKected"


22/62

T?10+ O: O1TICA, :IB0R

+ingle


23/62

AD@ANTA30+


24/62

1O>0R ,IN0 CO


25/62

1,C +?+T0i$:i Net#or* connect com%uters to each otherto the internet and to the #ired net#or*"

The %ur%ose o >i$:i is to hide com%le.ity byenabling #ireless accessto a%%lications and datamedia and streams"


36/62

The main aims o >i$:i are;


37/62

0,0I$:I

Access 1oint A1!;

The A1 is a #ireless ,AN transcei&er or base

station"J

They can connect one or many #ireless de&ices

simultaneously to the Internet"

>i$:i cards;

They acce%t the #ireless signal and relay

inormation"

They can be internal and e.ternal"


38/62

+aeguards;

:ire#alls and anti$&irus sot#are %rotect

net#or*s rom unin&ited users and *ee%

inormation secure"


39/62

TO1O,O3I0+

A1 BA+0D TO1O,O3?;The client communicate through Access 1oint" B+A$R: co&erage %ro&ided by an A1" 0+A$It consists o ' or more B+A"

0+A cell includes H$( o&erla% to allo#roaming"


40/62

100R TO 100R TO1O,O3?;

A1 is not re9uired"

Client de&ices #ithin a cell can communicatedirectly#ith each other" It is useul or setting u% o a #ireless net#or*9uic*ly and easily"


41/62

1OINT TO


42/62

AD@ANTA30+


43/62

DI+AD@ANTA30+

Intererence

Degradation in %erormance

2igh %o#er consum%tion

,imited range


44/62


45/62


46/62


47/62


48/62


49/62


50/62


51/62


52/62

:R00 +1AC0 O1TIC+

:ree +%ace O%tics communications also called

:ree +%ace 1hotonics :+1! or O%tical >ireless

reers to the transmission o &isible and inrared IR!

beams through the atmos%here to obtain o%tical

communications"

,i*e fber :ree +%ace O%tics uses lasers and ,0D

to transmit data but instead o enclosing the data

stream in a glass fber it is transmitted through the

air"

:ree s%ace o%tical communication is an e/ecti&e


53/62

0,0


54/62

After undergoing the influences of the time-

dispersive channel and ambient light, the optical signal

is directly translated into a photocurrent at the

detector.

The electrical SNR in optical links depends on the

suare of the optical power, which has a deep impact

on both design and performance of !" systems.


55/62

AD@ANTA30+

#nlimited use of spectrum by individual networks

$uge bandwidth

$igh speed with ine%pensive components

&ess power loss

Reusable

&ow power consumption


56/62

DI+AD@ANTA30+

$igh &aunch 'ower represents eye ha(ard.

&ight )nterference negatively affects system

performance.

&ow 'ower Source reuires high sensitive

receivers.

Signal Scattering results in multipath impairment.

Alignment &eads to more operation constraints.


57/62

+AT0,,IT0 T0C2NO,O3?

A satellite is basically a self-contained

communications system with the ability to receive

signals from *arthand to retransmitthose signals backwith the use of a transponder+an integrated

receiver and transmitter of radio signals.

They can operate at a very high reliability of more

than . percent in the vacuum of space


58/62

T20 ORBIT+

&ow *arth !rbit &*! /00 to1/00km

2edium *arth !rbit 2*!100003m

4eostationary *arth !rbit 4*!

56,700 kmA satellite in a geostationary orbita%%ears rom earth to be in a f.ed%osition"

This is because it re&ol&es around theearth at the earthMs o#n angular

&elocity6)H degrees e&ery '7 hours in an


59/62


60/62

AD@ANTA30+

Can reach o&er large geogra%hical area

:le.ible

0asy to install ne# circuits

Broadcast %ossibilities 1ro&ision o ser&ice to remote or Under$de&elo%ed areas

User has control o&er o#n net#or*

,ess distortion and intererence 0asy to regenerate ,o# error rates

+ecurity


61/62

DI+AD@ANTA30+

,arge u% ront ca%ital costs s%ace

segment and launch! Intererence and %ro%agation delay

Congestion o re9uencies and orbits


62/62

A11,ICATION+

Tele%hone +atellite tele&ision

Direct broadcast satellite

Digital cinema

broadband access technology

Documents