broadband management system

8/11/2019 Broadband Management System

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INDEX

CHAPTER 1 BAND SIGNALS

- Introduction

- Types

- Comparison

CHAPTER2 BRADBAND

- !"at is Broad#and$

- Ho% does Broad#and %or&$

- Tec"no'o(y options )or Broad#and Ser*ices- !"at are t"e ad*anta(es o) Broad#and$

- !"at are t"e types o) Broad#and are a*ai'a#'e$

- Tec"no'o(y used #y BSNL and +TNL )or t"eir

Broad#and Ser*ices

- Ser*ices a*ai'a#'e t"rou(" Broad#and,

CHAPTER - INTERNET

- De)initions- Types o) Internet Connecti*ity

- ISDN connecti*ity

- Broad#and connecti*ity

- Ho% DSL %or&$

CHAPTER . ADSL

- In)ormation

- Ho% ADSL %or&s$

- !"at is Sp'itter$

- !"y %e need micro /i'ter$

- ADSL 'ine )i'ters

- Capa#i'ities

CHAPTER 0 ADSL +DE+


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- Insta''ation on 8SB port

- Con)i(urin( TCP;IP properties

- Hua%ei +T601 cpe con)i(uration

- !i2/i con)i(uration in 'aptop- Ena#'in( DHCP

CNCL8SIN

ACHIE


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BAND SIGNA


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1,1 2 Introduction>2

It is important to &no% t"e di))erence #et%een a #ase #and si(naand a #road#and si(na', In t"e /ourier domain? a #ase #and si(na' is a si(n

t"at occupies t"e )re:uency ran(e )rom 4H@ up to a certain cut2o)), It is ca''

t"e #ase #and #ecause it occupies t"e #ase? or t"e 'o%est ran(e o) t"e

spectrum,

In contrast? a #road#and si(na' is a si(na'? %"ic" does notoccupy

t"e 'o%est ran(e? #ut instead a "i("er ran(e? 1+H@ to -+H@? )or eamp'e, A

%ire may "a*e on'y one #ase #and si(na'? #ut it may "o'd any num#er o)

#road#and si(na's? #ecause t"ey can occur any%"ere in t"e spectrum,

1, 2 Types >2

1,,1 2 Base #and Si(na'in(>

1 8ses di(ita' si(na'in(

No )re:uency di*ision mu'tip'ein(

- Bi2directiona' transmission

. Si(na' tra*e's o*er s"ort distances

1,, 2 Broad#and Si(na'in(>

1 8ses ana'o( si(na'in(

8nidirectiona' transmission

- /re:uency2di*ision mu'tip'ein( is possi#'e

. Si(na' can tra*e' o*er 'on( distances #e)ore #ein( attenuate


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CHAPTER


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BRADBAND TECHNL

, 2 Tec"no'o(y ptions )or Broad#and Ser*ices>


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T"e Broad#and Po'icy /rame%or& *isua'ises creation o)in)rastructure t"rou(" *arious access tec"no'o(ies? %"ic" can contri#ute

(ro%t" and mutua''y coeist, Spread o) in)rastructure is a must )or "ea't

competition and t"ere)ore it %ou'd #e t"e endea*our o) t"e Go*ernment

t"at t"e te'ecommunication in)rastructure (ro%t" in t"e country is notcompromised in any manner,

,,12 ptica' /i#er Tec"no'o(ies>

T"e /i#er optics tec"no'o(y can pro*ide near'y un'imited

#and%idt" potentia' and is steadi'y rep'acin( copper net%or& especia''y in

intra2city #acone net%or&s, T"is is #ein( dep'oyed in commercia' #ui'din

and comp'ees and some metros ; #i( cities "a*in( "i("2density potentia'#road#and su#scri#ers, Hy#rid /i#re Coaia' H/C? /i#re to t"e Cur#

/TTC and /i#re to t"e Home /TTH net%or&s ma&e use o) )i#re ca#'in(

into t"e 'ast mi'e, T"e )i#re #ased mode's are )uture proo) as t"ey are a#'e t

pro*ide "u(e amounts o) #and%idt" in t"e 'ast mi'e as %e'' as pro*ide a tru

IP and con*er(ed net%or& t"at can de'i*er "i(" :ua'ity *oice? data and *ide

T"ere are more t"an .,0 'acs route &ms, ) optica' )i#re

'aid #y BSNL ; +TNL and more t"an 1 'acs route &ms 'aid #y pri*ate

operators, T"e spread o) t"e net%or&s o) pri*ate ser*ice pro*iders "a*e top'ay an important ro'e in #rin(in( t"e )i#re to "omes as %e'' as t"e rura'

areas and t"ey are epected to )ocus on it,

!it" t"e in commercia' a*ai'a#i'ity o) )i#re tec"no'o(ies

t"e cost o) )i#re ro''out is approac"in( t"e cost o) ot"er %ired net%or&s,

Spread o) optica' )i#re net%or&s s"a'' #e emp"asi@ed &eepin( in *ie% t"e

'on(2term perspecti*e,

,,2Di(ita' Su#scri#er Lines DSL on copper 'oop>

DSL "as pro*ed to #e an important tec"no'o(y )or

pro*isionin( o) Broad#and ser*ices t"rou(" t"e copper 'oop, T"e


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o%ner o) copper 'oop "a*e to #e (i*en a "i(" priority #ecause t"eir

ro'e is critica' as &ey dri*ers in t"e Broad#and ser*ice mar&et usin(

DSL,

B"arat Sanc"ar Ni(am Limited BSNL and +a"ana(a

Te'ep"one Ni(am Limited +TNL as %e'' as ot"er access pro*iderare epected to a((ressi*e'y use t"eir copper 'oop in)rastructure )or

pro*idin( Broad#and ser*ices t"rou(" t"is tec"no'o(y,

Reco(ni@in( t"at 'ast mi'e copper 'oop is not a #ott'ene

)aci'ityF )or #road#and ser*ices? access pro*iders s"a'' #e )ree to ent

into mutua''y a(reed commercia' arran(ements )or uti'i@ation o)

a*ai'a#'e copper 'oop )or epansion o) #road#and ser*ices, T"e o%n

o) 'oca' 'oop s"a'' #e )ree to decide t"e areas in %"ic" in*estment is #e made to up(rade t"e in)rastructure )or Broad#and ser*ices, T"e

in)ormation re(ardin( t"e areas in %"ic" Broad#and ser*ices are

#ein( o))ered #y a ser*ice pro*ider s"a'' #e a*ai'a#'e in t"e pu#'ic

domain,

T"ere are more t"an .4 mi''ion copper 'oops in t"e

country a*ai'a#'e %it" BSNL and +TNL out o) %"ic" 1. mi''ion

'oops are in rura' areas, Copper ca#'e net%or& o) t"ese operators is

com#ination o) o'd ne% ca#'e and t"is ma&es pro*isionin( o)Broad#and on t"e entire a*ai'a#'e copper 'oop tec"nica''y un)it,

T"ere)ore? around 02-4 o) t"e remainin( 3 mi''ion 'oops? i,e,

approimate'y 5 mi''ion 'oops can #e 'e*era(ed )or #road#and ser*

#y BSNL and +TNL ta&in( into account t"e condition ; 'i)e o) copp

ca#'e and demand potentia',

+ana(ement o) BSNL and +TNL "as decided to pro*id

1,0 mi''ion connection #y t"e end o) 440, T"e corporate ; %or& p'a

o) t"ese PS8s "a*e #een dra%n up )or t"is purpose, T"erea)ter?

annua' p'an )or epansion o) Broad#and ser*ices #y BSNL and

+TNL %i'' #e determined o) consu'tation %it" t"em, A :uarter'y

re*ie% o) t"eir per)ormance #y t"e Go*ernment in t"e Department


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Te'ecommunications DoT s"a'' #e underta&en to e*a'uate t"e

ac"ie*ement and rede)ine t"e )uture roadmap? i) necessary,

It is "oped t"at ot"er access ser*ice pro*iders %ou'd a's

pro*ide #road#and connections usin( t"eir copper in a tar(eted

manner, A constructi*e re*ie% o) t"eir per)ormance s"a'' a'so #eunderta&en,

,,- - Ca#'e T< Net%or&>

It is noted t"at ca#'e T< connection as 'ast mi'e

in)rastructure reac"es more peop'e t"an e*en t"e te'ep"one copper

in)rastructure and can #e 'e*era(ed in pro*idin( ca#'e operator a

ne% #usiness mode' %"i'e (i*in( a stimu'us to Broad#and

penetration, T"ere)ore? Ca#'e T< net%or& can #e used as )ranc"ise

net%or& o) t"e ser*ice pro*ider )or pro*isionin( Broad#and ser*ice

Ho%e*er? a'' responsi#i'ities )or ensurin( comp'iance o) terms

conditions o) t"e 'icence s"a'' *est %it" t"e Licensee, T"e terms o))ranc"ise a(reement #et%een Licensee and "is )ranc"isee s"a'' #e

sett'ed mutua''y #y ne(otiation #et%een t"e t%o parties in*o'*ed,

,- 2 Sate''ite +edia>


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Department o) Te'ecommunications? in consu'tation %it" t"e

concerned +inistries? %i'' soon propose measures in t"e direction o

pen S&y Po'icy )or


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Reco(ni@in( t"at terrestria' %ire'ess is anot"er

upcomin( tec"no'o(y p'at)orm )or Broad#and? it "as #een decided in

princip'e to de2'icence ,.42,.6 GH@ #and )or 'o%2po%er outdoor use on no

protection? non2inter)erence and non2ec'usi*e #asis, Necessary noti)ication

s"a'' #e issued, /urt"er? noti)ication re(ardin( use o) a'' tec"no'o(ies? %"ic"inter2a'ias inc'ude t"ose #ased on IEEE 64,11 # and 64,11 ( standards? "a

#een issued,

To acce'erate penetration o) Broad#and and

Internet? t"e 0,1020,-0 GH@ #and s"a'' #e de2'icensed )or t"e indoor use o) '

po%er !i2/i systems, /or outdoor use? t"e #and 0,020,-0 GH@ s"a'' #e de2

'icensed in consu'tation %it" DoS and de2'icensin( in t"e #and 0,1020,0 GH

%ou'd #e considered a)ter t"e process o) *acation, A'ternati*e spectrum

#ands? %"ic" are not in "i(" usa(e and cou'd #e dep'oyed )or Broad#andser*ices? s"a'' a'so #e ep'ored and identi)ied,

,-, -/uture Tec"no'o(ies> In t"e c"an(in( tec"no'o(y scenario? t"ere is a

possi#i'ity o) ne% option #ein( used )or pro*isionin( o) Broad#and

ser*ices, T"ese tec"no'o(ies can a'so #e uti'i@ed )or pro*isionin( o)

suc" ser*ices %it"in t"e 'icensin( )rame%or& o) t"e ser*ice pro*iderand t"e spectrum mana(ement po'icy o) DoT,


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CHAPTE

INETRN


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-,1 2 De)inition o) Internet on t"e !e# >2

- A net%or& o) computer net%or&s %"ic" operates

%or'd%ide usin( a common set o) communication

protoco's,

- T"e Internet? or simp'y t"e Net? is t"e %or'd%ide?

pu#'ic'y accessi#'e system o) interconnected computernet%or& t"at transmit data #y pac&et s%itc"in( usin(

t"e standard Internet Protoco' IP, It consists o)

mi''ions o) sma''er #usiness? academic? domestic? and

(o*ernment net%or&s? %"ic" to(et"er carry *arious

in)ormation and ser*ices? suc" as e'ectronic mai'? on'in


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c"at? and t"e inter'in&ed !e# pa(es and ot"er

documents o) t"e !or'd !ide !e#,

-, 2 Types o) Internet connection >2

T"ere are many %ays to connect to t"e Internet, T"e )our most

practica' )or sma'' #usinesses are ana'o(ue? ISDN Inte(rated Ser*ices

Di(ita' Net%or&? DSL Di(ita' Su#scri#er Line and ca#'e,

-,,1 2 Dia'2up> 2 Ana'o( connecti*ity? suc" as 03modems? and ISDN connecti*ity #ot" re:uire dia'2up access,

T"is means t"at e*ery time you need to access t"e Internet?

ana'o(ue or ISDN modems must dia' a num#er to secure a

connection, DSL and ca#'e modem so'ution? on t"e ot"er "an

are permanent connections t"at are a'%ays re'ia#'eJ c"eaper

and t"ey pro*ide immediate access to t"e Internet %it"out

"a*in( to dia' any num#ers,-,, 2 Broad#and>2 DSL and ca#'e are &no%n as#road#and connections and are muc" )aster t"an ana'o( or

ISDN 'in&s, T"ey a'so tend to #e more cost'y t"an ana'o( and

ISDN connections, A'' "a*e t"eir stren(t"s? "o%e*er? need to

e*a'uate your needs to determine is #est )or your or(ani@atio

-,- 2 Ana'o( Connecti*ity>2

Ana'o( connections are t"e most #asic and common)rom o) Internet connecti*ity, T"e "i("est speed t"at you can

reac" usin( ana'o(ue is 03 #ps? %"ic" is )ine )or tet and e2


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mai' )i'es? #ut s'o% )or accessin( (rap"ic2intensi*e !e# sites

do%n'oadin( 'ar(e )i'es,

Ana'o( connecti*ity o))ers se*era' &ey ad*anta(es, I

is most inepensi*e so'ution and it is a*ai'a#'e any%"ere t"er

is a p"one 'ine, n t"e ot"er "and? it is t"e a s'o%est connectia*ai'a#'e? particu'ar'y %"en t"ere are many users on t"e

net%or& needin( remote access? and it re:uires %aitin( %"i'e

dia'2up 'in& is #ein( made, Consider 03 #ps per)ormances )

a sma'' o))ice %it" #asic #usiness needs? or %"ere "i("er spee

access is una*ai'a#'e,

-,. 2 ISDN Connecti*ity>2 ISDN de'i*ers up to 16 #ps per)ormances )or

)aster Internet access and (reater producti*ity, E*en i) you d

not need a'' o) ISDNFs per)ormance today? additiona'

emp'oyees and net2(eneration app'ications %i'' ta t"e

capacity o) s'o%er connections, ISDN o))ers a true di(ita'

connection? %"ic" means t"at connecti*ity is *irtua''y error

)ree, It a'so is a*ai'a#'e in 74 o) t"e country? ma&in( it a (o

option i) )aster DSL or ca#'e ser*ices are una*ai'a#'e in yourarea, =ou %i'' re:uire an ISDN capa#'e access router and an

ISDN 'ine at your )aci'ity? %"ic" can #e insta''ed #y your 'oca

p"one company, Be)ore you purc"ase your router? ma&e sure

your p"one company o))ers ISDN ser*ice in your area,

-,. 2 Broad#and Connecti*ity>2

Ca#'e> Ca#'e connections a'so are a'%ays on? "i("2speedInternet connections, Ca#'e modems ac"ie*e t"eir speed up

. +#ps do%nstream? 14 +#ps upstream #y 'e*era(in( t"e


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"i("2#and%idt" capa#i'ities o) ca#'e T< 'ines, Ca#'e ser*ices

are )ar more a*ai'a#'e in residentia' communities t"an in

#usiness districts or o))ice par&s, A'so? it is a s"ared media?

%"ic" means t"at as more peop'e in your area use t"e ca#'e

'ine at any one time? speed )or eac" user %i'' decrease,T"ere)ore? t"e speed you (et %i'' depend on 'oca' tra))ic on t"

system,

Ca#'e ser*ice is a (ood strate(y )or sma'' #usiness

#ecause o) its price? speeds and a'%ays on Internet connectio

Ho%e*er? 'i&e DSL? t"e a'%ays2on connection poses security

ris&s? necessitatin( t"e need )or a )ire%a'' see DSL a#o*e, T

determine? i) ca#'e ser*ice is a*ai'a#'e in your area? ca'' your

'oca' ca#'e company,

-,0 2 DSL>

DSL pro*ides *ery "i("2sped Internet access o*er

ordinary copper te'ep"one 'ines, T"ere are di))erent &inds o)

DSL a*ai'a#'e? suc" as ADSL and SDSL? %"ic" pro*ide

di))erent speeds, At it )astest? DSL can #e up to 1.- times )ast

t"an 03 #ps modems? 3 times )aster t"an ISDN and up to .times )aster t"an T1 'ines? %"ic" are dep'oyed #y many 'ar(e

companies, DSL user p"one 'ine %irin( and t"e connection is

a'%ays on, T"is means t"e 'in& is instant'y a*ai'a#'e?

e'iminatin( t"e %ait as a modem dia's up t"e connection,

Hi(" access speed doesnFt mean "i(" cost, DSL i

surprisin('y inepensi*e, DSL is priced on a )'at mont"'y rat

t"ere are no per2minute c"ar(es, Present'y? DSL is a*ai'a#'e

most metropo'itan areas )rom a *ariety o) ser*ice pro*iders?not Kust 'oca' p"one companies, T"e most si(ni)icant )actor in

determinin( t"e a*ai'a#i'ity o) DSL is t"e distance o) your

premises to t"e p"one companyFs Centra' ))ice C, In mo

cases t"is %ou'd "a*e to #e %it"in 16?444 )eet approimate'y

-,0 mi'es, DSL is a (reat option )or sma'' #usinesses %antin(


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etreme'y )ast access and it is more a*ai'a#'e t"an ca#'e

modems, /irst? contact your 'oca' #road#and ser*ice pro*ide

or te'ep"one company to )ind out i) DSL is a*ai'a#'e in your

area, /or internationa' customers? contact your 'oca' te'ep"o

companies, T"e t%o most common o) DSL? ADSL? o))er

di))erin( #ene)its, T"e speed o) ADSL Asymmetrica' Di(ita'

Su#scri#er Line *aries, !it" it? you can do%n'oad up to 6

+#ps me(a#ytes per second and up'oad )rom your comput

up to 1 +#ps, ADSL is idea' )or !e# access #ecause you are

more 'i&e'y to do%n'oad 'ar(e )i'es,

SDSL Symmetrica' Di(ita' Su#scri#er Line

de'i*ers t"e same speed? up to 1,0. +#ps? upstream anddo%nstream, It can #e cost'ier t"an ADSL and it doesnFt

support con*entiona' te'ep"one ser*ices, Due to its symmetri

#i2directiona' speed? SDSL is a stron( option )or supportin(

sop"isticated app'ications as %e'' as e2mai' and !e# ser*ers,

T"is is a'so a (reat so'ution )or o))ice2to2o))ice communicatio

A critica' consideration )or #road#and access?

'i&e any )orm o) DSL or ca#'e is t"e a'%ays open connection

means your net%or& is open to t"e Internet . "ours a day,=our connection can ser*e as a (ate%ay )or "ac&ers and ot"e

%"o may %ant to disrupt your #usiness or tamper %it"

proprietary in)ormation or resources, /or t"is reason? %e

stron('y recommend t"at you dep'oy a de*ice &no%n as a

)ire%a'', /ire%a''s connect #et%een your access router and

your net%or&, T"ey protect your net%or& )rom unaut"ori@ed

entry? a''o%in( on'y t"e users you desi(nate to access t"e

net%or& *ia t"e Internet, T"e )ire%a'' %i'' deny access to a''

ot"ers, See Ho% Do I Protect +y Net%or& /rom

8naut"ori@ed 8sers$M


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CHAPTER

AD


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ADSL NET!R STR8CT8RE>

/or con*entiona' ADSL? do%nstream rates start at 16 #it;s

t"ou(" a minimum o))erin( o) 01 #it;s is more common and typica''

reac" 6 + #it;s %it"in 1,0 m 0444)t o) t"e DSLA+ e:uipped centra'

o))ice or remote termina', 8pstream rates start at 3. #it;s and typica''y

reac" 16 #it;s or 03 #it;s #ut can (o as "i(" as 14. #it;s, T"e

name ADSL Line is sometimes used )or t"e s'o%er *ersions,

Note t"at distances are on'y approimations aimed at consumers

o) ADSL ser*ices, Si(na's attenuation and Si(na' to Noise Ratio are


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de)inin( c"aracteristics? and can *ery comp'ete'y o) distance e,(,? non2

copper ca#'in(? ca#'e diameter, Rea' !or'd per)ormance is a'so

dependent on %eat"er conditions *ery common )or o'd o*er"ead 'ines o

on t"e num#er and :ua'ity o) Koints or Kunctions in a particu'ar ca#'e

'en(t",A ne%er *ariant ca''ed ADSL pro*ides "i("er do%nstream rate

o) up to 1 +#it;s )or spans o) t"an ,0 &m 6444)t, +ore )'ei#'e )'ei#'

)ramin( and error correction con)i(urations are responsi#'e )or t"ese

increased speeds, ADSL? a'so re)erred to as IT8 G,77,0? #oosts t"ese

rates to up to . +#its;s )or spans o) 'ess t"an 1,0 &m 0444 )t #y dou#'i

t"e do%nstream spectrum upper 'imit to , +H@, ADSL; a'so o))er

seam'ess #ondin( options? a''o%in( 'ines %it" "i("er attenuation or 'o%e

si(na' to noise to noise SNR ratios to #e #onded to(et"er to ac"ie*et"eoretica''y t"e sum tota' o) t"e num#er o) 'ines i,e,? up to 04 +#it;s )or

t%o 'ines? etc,? as %e'' as options in po%er mana(ement and seam'ess rat

adaptation c"an(in( t"e data rate used %it"out re:uirin( to

resync"roni@e,

Because o) t"e re'ati*e'y

'o% data2rate compared to optic

#acone net%or&s? AT+ is an

appropriate tec"no'o(y )ormu'tip'ein( time2critica' data

suc" as di(ita' *oice %it" 'ess tim

critica' data suc" as %e# tra))icJ

ADSL is common'y dep'oyed %it

AT+ to ensure t"at t"is remains a possi#i'ity, In a trip'e p'ay scenario?

di))erent AT+ *irtua' circuits


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connect to t"eir o))ice *ia a *irtua' pri*ate net%or&? )or some Internet

(amin(? and )or t"ose %is"in( to use ADSL to "ost a !e# ser*er,

., 2 !"at is a Sp'itter$ Everybody uses splitter on their telephone lines If you Want toconnect up more than one telephone into the same socket, the chances are

youre using a splitter. When youre connected via A!", you need a specialtype of splitter, #hich contains a $I%&'-(I")E&.

.,- 2 !"y do %e need a +ICR2/ILTER$

)here are t#o reasons #hy theyre re*uired. )he first is to stop

the A!" signal interfering #ith the voice part of your phone line +

this sound a bit like fast click #hen it happens. )he second reason i


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to ensure that the A!" line is termination can cause reflections bac

do#n the line. )his is a bad thing and can cause errors on your A!"

Connection, T"e a#o*e (rap" s"o%s t"e )re:uency ran(e t"at yo

p"one PTS and ADSL occupy, DonFt understand #ecause itFsnot a'' t"at important to t"e end user,

T"ere are many sp'itters on t"e mar&et an

t"ey come in di))erent s"apes and si@es, In most? i) not a'' cases?

t"e 'etters ADSLM are printed some%"ere on t"e de*ice,

.,. 2 ADSL Line /i'ters>2 $icro (ilters and %entral (ilters are necessary to block the highfre*uency signals that originate from a !" service from interfering #ith !)

devices such as telephone handsets, fa/ machine, ans#ering machines and

analog modems. With these you are then able to make phone calls #hile usin

the Internet on the same phone line.


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#here the filter 0 splitter come in. It is normally a small plastic bo/ #ith a sho

lead that plugs into your phone socket and t#o outputs, one for your A!"

modem and another for a telephone 1or multiple telephones on this output, bu

more of that later.

Inside this bo/ are the filters that select the band of fre*uenciefor each of outputs, phone or A!", and send 3ust the correct band to the

appropriate socket.


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CHAPTER

ADSL +od


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0,1 2 T=PES / ADSL +DE+S>2

(our types of A!" $odems are used for 4!" broadband connection.

)ype-I, )ypes-II, )ype-III

)ype-I5 )ype-I A!" modem has Ethernet port and A!" port and an 6!4

port.

)ype-II5 )his A!" modem is Wi-(i modem. It has an 6!4 port, Ethernet

port and A!" port.

)ype-III It has an 6!4 port, 7 Ethernet port and an A!" port and a slot f

Wi-(i card for #ireless net#ork.

0,1,1 2 Type2I>2 )he figure belo# is the front panel of the type-I smart A8 $)992 A!modem that is used by 4!" for 4roadband connection.

(&') AE")he status the description of "E indicator is as sho#n belo#5

o#er5 !teady green light status. )he unit is po#ered on.


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0,1, 2 ADSL LIN> !teady green light status. A valid A!" connectio

0,1,- 2 ADSL ACT>4linking green light status. )here is traffic overA!" line.

0,1,. 2 LAN>1: !teady green light status. A valid "A connection.

12 4linking green or orange light status. )here is traffic over Ethernet.

1; !teady or blinking green light status. )he speed of data transfer is

:


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0, 2 8SB>6!4 port, connecting to % or >ub.

Ethernet5 Ethernet port, connecting to % or >ub.

0,,1 2 Reset>ress this button for ; seconds to restore the defaultsetting. )his operation #ill let #e lose over %ustomi?ed setting. lease be

careful #hen using &eset 4utton.

0,,- 2 Po%er>o#er !#itch

0,,. 2 7* AC 1A>o#er input plug

0,- 2 EXTERNAL SPLITER> 6sing the !plitter #e can reduce disturbance signals in the )elepholine. )he $)992 has to use an e/ternal splitter, Which has three ports5 "IE,

>'E and $'E$.

0,-,1 2LINE>%onnect to the telephone 3ack

0,-, 2 PHNE5 %onnect to the telephone

0,-,- 2 +DE+>%onnect to the A!" modem #ith &@-:: telephone line

0,. 2 Connectin( ADSL Line>2 !imple plug one end the telephone line into the $odem port of the splitte

and insert the other end into the A!" port on the rear panel of the $)992.


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6se another telephone line to connect the splitter and the phone 3ack on the

#all.

)he system vie# read+only table on home age displays a summary o

various system setting and functions as described belo#5

A!" "ine !tats5 isplays the A!" state, ata path, ! version, operatio

$ode, and the status of 6pstream and o#nstream of the A!" line.

!AN C"anne'> isplays the names and setting for the device #an interfac$ultiple soft#are-defined interfaces may be configured to use he !"

connection. )he % number, gate#ay, I address, mask, I0%I,

encapsulation and status #ill be displayed in the WA interface.

LAN C"anne>isplay the names and various setting of "A interface,#hich include $ac address, I address, $ask, !peed, duple/ and status.

resently #e are studying and conferring the A!" modems

'E configuration. !o, the configuration of the modem is done for

1oint to oint rotocol.


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C"apter


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DSLA


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3,0 2 Note> 'n the panel of the $AB:


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When your telephone line arrives at local e/change, the A!" and

voice components of the signal are split apart in the same #ay as your splitter

#orks at home or in the office. )he voice #iring is connected to 4)s !)

net#ork and the A!" #iring is connected to a device kno#n as a !"A$.

In the picture panels used to split #iring pairs into their respective')! and A!" components. All telephone lines are connected to panels on

the right side and A!" lines are fed into patch panels on the left side ready t

connect to the !"A$.

)he picture sho#s A!" copper pairs running do#n the left side

into a patch panel used by engineers to easily connect or disconnect customer

epending upon the si?e of the local e/change, batches of :C2,2B

or more copper pairs are connected to patch panels at the same time. An

e/change serving a large or broadband hungry population may connect do?enof ne# customers per #eek so its imperative that spare capacity is readily

available.

Each #hite #ire running up the right side is connected to a line ca

in the !"A$ serving multiple customers.


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!"A$ is usually found in a %entral 'ffice.

)he $AB:


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)#o hori?ontal $(s are needed for cabling of the $AB:


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5,1 2 ARP5, 2 Necessity o) ARP

An I address cannot be directly used for communication bet#ee

net#ork device because net#ork devices can only identify $A% addresse

An I address is only an address of a host in the net#ork layer. )o send the

data packets transmitted through the net#ork layer to the destination host?

hysical address of the host is re*uired. !o the I address must be resolve

into a physical address.

5,- 2 ARP imp'ementation procedure

When t#o hosts on the Ethernet communicate, they must kno#

$A% addresses of each other. Every host #ill maintain the I-$A% addre

translation table, #hich is kno#n as A& mapping table. A series of maps

bet#een I address and $A% addresses of other hosts, #hich #ere recent

used to communicate #ith the local host, are stored in the A& mapping

table. When a dynamic A& mapping entry is not in use for a specified

period of time, the host #ill remove it from the A& mapping table so as t

save the memory space and shorten the interval for s#itch to search A&

mapping table.!uppose there are t#o hosts on the same net#ork segment5 >o

A and >ost 4. )he I address of host A is IFA and the I address of >ost 4 i

IF4. >ost A #ill transmit messages to >ost A checks its o#n A& mapping

table first to make sure #hether there are corresponding A& entries of IF4

the table .If the corresponding $A% address is detected, >ost A #ill use the

$A% address in the A& mapping table to encapsulate the I packet in frame

and send it to >ost 4. If the corresponding $A% address is not detected, >os

A #ill store the I packet in the *ueue #aiting for transmission, and broadcasthroughout the Ethernet. )he A& re*uest packet contains the I address of

>ost 4 and I address and $A% address of >ost A. !ince the A& re*uest

packet is broadcast, all hosts on the net#ork segment can receive the re*uest.

>o#ever, only the re*uested host 1i.e., >ost 4 needs to process the re*uest.


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>ost 4 #ill first store the I address and the $A% address of the re*uest send

1>ost A in the A& re*uest packet in its o#n A& mapping table. )hen >ost

#ill generate2-2 $A% address of >ost 4 and add them to its o#n A&

mapping table. )hen >ost A #ill send >ost 4 all the packets standing in the

*ueue.

ormally, dynamic A& e/ecutes and automatically searches

for the resolution from the I address to the Ethernet $A% address #ithout th

administrator.

5,., 2 Create t"e


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C"apte

TI+ER2I AND N


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6, 2 PEERING> eering is the practice of voluntarily interconnecting distinctly

separates data net#orks on the Internet, for the purposes of e/changing traffic

bet#een the customers of the peered net#orks. )he term peering is typically

intended as a short-hand reference to the more e/acting term !ettlement-(ree

Interconnection, #hich means that neither party pays the other for the traffic

being e/changed. )he term can also be used to describe portions other

variations, such as aid eering.

)he act of eering typically involves the follo#ing elements5

2 )he physical interconnection of the net#orks involved.

2 )he e/change of routing information, through the 4= routing protoco

2 %ommercial and contractual peering contracts or agreements.

)he Internet is a collection of separate and distinct net#orks, each one

operating under a common frame#ork of globally uni*ue I Addressing a

global 4order =ate#ay rotocol 14= routing.

)he relationships bet#een these net#orks are generally described by one othe follo#ing three categories5

2 )ransit 1or pay + Gou pay money 1or !ettlement to another net#ork foInternet access 1or )ransit.

2 eer 1or s#ap + )#o net#orks e/change traffic bet#een each otherscustomers freely, and for mutual benefit.

2 %ustomer 1or sell + Another net#ork pays you money to provide them

#ith Internet access.

(urthermore, in order for a net#ork to reach any specific net#ork on the Interne

it must either5


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2 !ell )ransit 1or Internet Access service to that net#ork 1making them a%ustomer,

2 eer directly #ith that net#ork, or #ith a net#ork #ho sells )ransit

service to that net#ork, or2 ay another net#ork for )ransit service, #here that other net#ork must

turn also sell, peer, or pay for access.

'ften, a net#ork can be very grossly classified based on ho# it connects to othe

net#orks, roughly defined by Internet )iers5

2 )ier : + A net#ork #ho only sells to, or peers #ith, every other net#or

on the Internet.2 )ier 2 + A net#ork #ho peers #ith other net#orks, but still pays for

transit to reach some portion of the Internet.

2 )ier ; + A net#ork #ho solely purchases transit from other net#orks toreach the Internet.

)he Internet is based on the principle of global reachability 1sometimes called

end-to-end reachability, #hich means that any Internet user can reach any other

Internet user as through they #ere on the same net#ork. )herefore, any Internetconnected net#ork must by definition either pay another net#ork for transit, or

peer #ith every other net#ork #ho also does not purchase transit.

6,- 2 PEERING AND BGP>

A great deal of the comple/ity in the 4= routing protocol e/ists toaid the enforcement and fine-tuning of peering and transit agreements. 4= allo


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operators to define a policy that determines #here traffic is routed. )hree things

commonly used to determine routing are local-preference, $Es 1multi e/it

discriminator and A!-path. "ocal-preference is used internally #ithin a net#ork

to differentiate classes of net#orks. (or e/ample, a particular net#ork #ill have

higher preference set on internal and customer advertisements. !ettlement freepeering is then configured to be preferred over paid I transit.

et#orks that speak 4= to each other can 1although most do not

engage in $E e/change #ith each other. When net#orks interconnect in serve

locations, $Es can be used to reference that net#orks I= cost. )his results in

both net#orks sharing the burden of transporting each others traffic on their o#

net#ork 1or cold-potato. >ot potato or nearest-e/it routing, #hich is typically th

normal behavior on the Internet, is #here traffic destined to another net#ork is

delivered to the closest Interconnection point. 4!" is in the process of commissioning of a #orld class, multigigab

multiprotocol, convergent infrastructure through A)I'A" I)E&E)

4A%H4'E 1I4. )he second phase of I4 #ill provide convergent services

through the same backbone and broadband access net#ork.

6,. 2 TECHNICAL CAPABILIT= / BACBNE>

)his is the state of the art $"! 1$ulti rotocol "abel !#itching bas

I infrastructure, #hich is designed reliable routes to cover #hole country. "aye

of the net#ork consist of a high speed 4ackbone comprising of 27 po#erful cor

routers connected #ith high speed 2.B =bps 1!)$-:D links. )he routers are

located on the national W$ net#ork interfacing at stm-:D optical level to

provide for high transmission speed.

)he services that #ould supported by I4-II includes al#ays +on

broadband access to the internet for residential and business customers, contebased services, video multicasting, video-on-demand and interactive gaming

and audio and video conferencing, I telephony, distant learning, messaging5

plain and future rich, multi-site $"! s #ith o! 1uality of !ervice.


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C"apter


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C8ST+ER PRE+ISES E98IP+E

7, 2 Insta''ation Procedure>2


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1: %omputer

12 hone

1; &@- 7B Ethernet %able

17 &@- :: )el %able

1B &@- :: )el %able1D !plitter

1J WA:


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configure the I address as :C2.:D9.:.: 1rimary !.

&efer detailed procedure given on )%0I configuration. If

you #ish to use 6!4 port please refer the procedure given

for installing 6!4 driver.

C.2.; - Con)i(ure CPE>4!" broadband is based on A!"technology and uses oE for authentication and

accounting the user access. )he %E 1A!" modem is mu

featured po#erful router. It can be configured in t#o mode

7,,. 2 Brid(e +ode )actor de)au't>in this mode %E#ork as Ethernet bridge and user has to run the oE clie

soft#are in %. Win8 has oE client inbuilt but other

operating systems need third party soft#are.

7,,02 PPPoE mode> In this mode E #orks as router andoE session is terminated on %E. )he oE client is inbuil

and the user name K pass#ord can be configured through #eb-

based access to %E configuration. )he minimum configuration

re*uired is given in this document. (or details on various advanc

features refer the document % of %E. 4!" prefers to configu

the %E in oE mode ho#ever if subscriber #ishes to use in

bridge mode, he can reconfigure the %E on his o#n.

CNCL8TIN

)he broadband refers to the high speed access of Internet. "ife of eve

one has been changed after introduction of Internet. 4roadband is #onder

resources of getting the flo# of Internet. )he Internet access has been became

so much easy, speedy and cheap after the introduction of 4roadband technolo


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because of simple arrangement and no need of e/tra transmission media other

then our t#o chopper #ire of telephone line. 4roadband allo#s us to take

advantage of ne# services not available #ith a dial-up Internet connection. )h

conclusion of my study pro3ect comprises the need and the availability of the

broadband services as a best data communication medium. 4roadbandtechnology has introduced a ne# era of Internet access. Its the technology tha

is really advanced and not so simple as it seems to be and it needs real attentio

for its development so that common people can get the easy and cheap access

(inal conclusion of my pro3ect comprises that broadband technolog

has brought up the advancement in the life of common people by introducingthem to the ne# information super high#ay medium.


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Bi#'io(ra("y

8sed )o''o%in( %e#site to prepare t"is proKect

1, %%%,#sn',in

, %%%,(oo('e,com
http://www.bsnl.in/http://www.google.com/http://www.bsnl.in/http://www.google.com/

broadband management system

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