brooding - uc agriculture & natural resources › sites › poultry › files › 218035.pdf ·...
TRANSCRIPT
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Brooding
Small Flock Brooding and Management
Emily Lane, DVM
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What is Brooding?
• “Period from hatching until supplemental heat is no longer needed”
• Changing requirements
• Intense management
• 3-6 weeks
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•Light•Temperature•Ventilation•Humidity•Bedding•Feed•Water•Mortality
Brooding has 8 aspects to remember…
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Lighting
•HEAT and LIGHT
• Lamp versus Heater ▫ NEVER use a heating pad
• Coloured bulb recommended
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Temperature
• Generally maintained by lamp▫ Adjust by adjusting lamp height
• Measurement ▫ Thermometer in center and on the edge
• Start at 90-95° F, and reduce by 5° F each week
Age (days) Temperature
0 90-95° F
7 85-90° F
14 80-85° F
21 75-80° F
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Too Cold!
Too Warm!
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Ventilation
• Prevent ammonia build-up
• Open containers with
mesh/wire top
Humidity
• 30-50% during first week• 40-60% after first week• Measured with a
hygrometer
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• Absorbent litter material
• Pine shavings, rice hull
• NOT
▫ Straw
▫ Hardwood shavings (oak)
▫ Paper
Change bedding often!
Bedding
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Feed
• ‘Starter’ or ‘Chick’ feed
▫ Fed for the first 1-8 weeks
▫ HIGH protein (20%)
• Medicated versus Unmedicated
• Feeders
▫ Open or trough
▫ Bell feeders
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Water
• Clean and ALWAYS available
• Consistent system
• Medications
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Mortality
• If your mortality is high… there IS a reason!
• Expected mortality varies
▫ 1-2% with otherwise healthy chicks is expected
• Excessive mortality – necropsy chicks
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Types of Brooding Set-Ups
• Indoors
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Types of Brooding Set-Ups
• Outdoor
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Can you spot the problems?
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Preparing for Chicks
• Clean, clean, clean!
• Turn on light ahead of time - minimum of 6 hours prior to placement
• Clean feed, water, and bedding
• Newspaper
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Chick Sources
• Feed Stores, Mail-order, Breeder, Home Hatch
• Pick your chicks wisely!
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Common Difficulties
• Environmental
▫ Temperature
▫ Wet Litter
• Chick
▫ Pasty Butt
▫ Infected navel
▫ Dehydrated
▫ Not Eating
▫ Picking
▫ High Mortality
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When to Stop?
• Chicks are feathered and able to thermoregulate
• Outdoor temperatures are acceptable
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Questions?