BRT and TOD

September 20, 2017

Presented by: Andrew Knudtsen, Managing Principal Economic & Planning Systems

The Economics of Land Use

O a k l a n d S a c r a m e n t o D e n v e r L o s A n g e l e s

What makes TOD on BRT Work?

ECONOMIC & PLANNING SYSTEMS 1

Key Factors: • #1 Impact of risk on the

real estate market • #2 Leverage Why is BRT gaining traction? #1 COST • 21 transit corridors • Range from $3M to

$90M per mile • BRT (red) substantially

less than LRT (blue) • Source: ITDP -- Hook Lotshaw, Weinstock

$0

$10

$20

$30

$40

$50

$60

$70

$80

$90

$100

Las V

egas

MAX

Bus

Kans

as C

ity M

AX B

us

Ott

awa

O-T

rain

Las V

egas

SDX

BRT

Euge

ne E

mX

BRT

Clev

elan

d He

alth

line

BRT

Bost

on W

ashi

ngto

n St

reet

Silv

er L

ine

bus

Pitt

sbur

gh S

outh

Bus

way

BRT

Los A

ngel

es O

rang

e Li

ne B

RT

Denv

er S

outh

wes

t LRT

Port

land

Str

eetc

ar

Pitt

sbur

gh E

ast B

usw

ay B

RT

Ott

awa

Tran

sitw

ay B

RT

Denv

er C

entr

al C

orrid

or L

RT

Pitt

sbur

gh "T

he T

" LRT

Char

lott

e Ly

nx L

RT

Seat

tle S

. Lak

e U

nion

Str

eetc

ar

Pitt

sbur

gh W

est B

usw

ay B

RT

Phoe

nix

Met

ro L

RT

Bost

on W

ater

fron

t Silv

er L

ine

Bus

Cost Per Mile

Mill

ions

Why is BRT gaining traction?

ECONOMIC & PLANNING SYSTEMS 2

#2 Congestion

#3 Talent Attraction

Key Variables

ECONOMIC & PLANNING SYSTEMS 3

• BRT

– Ranking system to clarify effectiveness – Among more significant factors:

• Dedicated Right of Way • Busway Alignment • Off-Board Fare Collection • Priority Signals • Platform Level Boarding

• TOD – Perceived risk to capital (BRT vs. LRT) – Competitive advantage in real estate market – Subarea infrastructure investments – Planning vision and cohesion among property

owners – Connectivity – employment/res/entertainment – Strength of local real estate market

Seattle South Lanke Union Streetcar

Portland Streetcar

Boston Washing Street Silver Line Bus

Boston Waterfrton Silver Line bus

ClevelandHealthLine BRT

Las Vegas Strip and Downtown Express BRT

Eugene Emerald Express Green Line BRT

Pittsburgh MLK Jr. East Busway BRT

Los Angeles Orange Line BRT

Ottawa Transitway BRT

PortalndMAX Blue Line LRT

Denver Central Corridor LRT

Phoenix Metro LRT

Charlotte Lynx LRT

Denver Southwest Corridor LRT$0

$1,000

$2,000

$3,000

$4,000

$5,000

$6,000

$7,000

$8,000

-$200 $300 $800 $1,300 $1,800 $2,300

TOD

Inve

stm

ent

Mill

ions

Transit Investment Millions

Street Car Bus BRT LRT/Street Car

What do the data tell us?

ECONOMIC & PLANNING SYSTEMS 4

• Ratio of $ spent on

transit and $ invested in TOD

• BRT out leverages LRT 6:1 in TOD effectiveness

• Without outliers, maintains a 2:1 ratio

• Lower transit cost yields more “bang for the buck”

• Causality a question • Source: ITDP -- Hook Lotshaw, Weinstock

TOD $ / Transit $

Boulder, CO

ECONOMIC & PLANNING SYSTEMS 5

Longmont, CO

ECONOMIC & PLANNING SYSTEMS 6

Colfax Avenue, Denver, CO

ECONOMIC & PLANNING SYSTEMS 7

Colfax Avenue, Denver, CO

ECONOMIC & PLANNING SYSTEMS 8

29.8

23.1

8.0

2.9

7.8

14.7

18.6

11.9 10.1

6.3

34.2

8.0 4.6

9.0 5.2

8.6 10.6

3.6

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

Mar

ipos

a/Li

pan

Fox/

13th

Bann

ock

Broa

dway

Gra

nt

Penn

sylv

ania

Dow

ning

Will

iam

s

Jose

phin

e

Stee

le

Colo

rado Elm

Hol

ly

Kram

eria

Mon

aco

Que

bec

Uin

ta

Yose

mite

Rede

velo

pmen

t Pot

entia

l (ac

res)

Stations