bruno muratori stfc, daresbury laboratory commissioning emma 02/07/09 prism workshop – imperial...
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Bruno Muratori
STFC, Daresbury Laboratory
Commissioning EMMA
02/07/09PRISM workshop – Imperial College
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Motivation / Introduction
• Give an overview of what has been thought about – given talks & previous attempts (Scott, Eberhard, Shane, Carol, François, Dejan and others)
• Does not mean it is always correct or complete – this is part of our duty in the next months
• May be different & much better ways of implementing procedures – these are initial thoughts
• Requires several iterations & discussions• Process started & lots to think about• Aim to be ready by end of summer (~ October)• Need help – who is available & for what ?
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Overview
• Commissioning– Preparing machine for beam
• set-up DAQ & controls & hardware• set-up diagnostic devices required
– Getting beam into the machine & where you want it– Making sure all desired properties are achieved
• for the bunch (full characterisation etc.)• for the machine (e.g. dispersion-free sections)
– Making all the desired measurements– Set-up machine for particular experiments– Requires several fully consistent simulations of the
machine !
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ALICE schematic
LINAC
BOO
STER
GU
N
SOL-01
H&V-01
H&V-06BPM-01
BUNCHERYAG-01
SOL-02
H&V-02 BPM-02
Q-01
YAG-02 Q-02
BPM-03
H&V-03 Q-03
Q-04
YAG-03
DIP-01
Q-05
DIP-02
YAG-??
FCUP-01
BPM-04H&V-04
Q-06Q-07
Q-08Q-09
DIP-3
Q-10
YAG-04
Q-11 BPM-05H&V-05
Q-12
INJECTOR
OTR-01BPM-01H&V-01
ST1
OTR-02 DIP-01DIP-02
DIP-03Q-01
OTR-03
BPM-02H&V-02
Q-02 Q-03 Q-04
OTR-04
BPM-01DIP-01
BPM-02SEXT-01
OTR-01
ST1 ARC1
ARC1
Q-01
V-01
Q-02
BPM-03
DIP-02
BPM-04
Q-03
V-02
Q-04
OTR-02SEXT-02
BPM-05DIP-03
BPM-06
OTR-01
Q-01Q-02
BPM-01H&V-01
OTR-02
Q-03Q-04
BPM-02H&V-02DIP-01
DIP-02BPM-03V-03
OTR-03
DIP-03
DIP-04Q-05
ST 2ST 2
ARC 2 PLM-01TCM-01
BPM-04H&V-04
BPM-05H&V-05
BPM-01H&V-01
Q-06Q-07
WIGGLER
ST 3ST 3
Q-01Q-02
Q-03Q-04
OTR-01
BPM-02H&V-02
BPM-01DIP-01
BPM-02SEXT-01
OTR-01
Q-01
V-01
Q-02
BPM-03DIP-02
BPM-03Q-03
V-02
Q-04
OTR-02SEXT-02BPM-05
DIP-03BPM-06
ARC 2
ST4
OTR-01Q-01 Q-02
BPM-01H&V-01
Q-03
DUMP-01
Q-04 Q-05
BPM-02H&V-02
OTR-02DIP-01 DIP-02 DIP-03
BPM-01Q-01
Q-02Q-03
OTR-01
DMP
1 m
Note: scale is for guidance only
ERLP SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
v.0.2 (15/06/2006)extracted from AO-180/10078/E
• Need similar schematic for EMMA injection line, ring and extraction line (shall be enormously more detailed … !)
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Injection Line (1)
ALICE
EMMA
ALICE quadrupoles
SRS quadrupoles
New quadrupoles
Faraday Cup
Screen
last dispersivesection
dogleg
tomography
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Injection line (2)
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Injection Line (3)
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Injection Line Commissioning (1)
• Prepare ALICE as Injector for EMMA– Bunch length: ~ 10 ps rms in order to decrease space
charge effects and for painting the longitudinal phase space
– Energy spread: < 100 keV in order to have a better defined beam for painting and avoid chromaticity
– Bunch charge: 15 – 30 pC in order to reduce collective effects (e.g space charge)
– Normalised transverse emittance: 5 - 10 µm in order to decrease space charge effects but still have a well defined beam for painting
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Injection Line Commissioning (2)
– Beam energy: 10 to 20 MeV with the ability to be changed several times a day.
– Beam characterisation (full 6D)• Bunch length / Charge / Emittance / Energy /
Energy spread– Hardware commissioning– Controls & online model commissioning
• Which is best suited ?– DAS commissioning
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Injection Line Commissioning (3)
• Probable sequence of ALICE set up to act as an injector for EMMA– Set the ALICE injector up for an appropriate booster
beam energy (6 – 8 MeV) at 1 – 2 bunch charges (15 – 30 pC) too low / too high ?
– Characterise the beam in the ALICE injector for energy spread, emittance and bunch length etc.
– Set 3-4 injection energies in the range 10 to 20 MeV and set the rest of ALICE for injection into the EMMA ring
– Measure the beam characteristics at each combination of energy and bunch charge
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Detailed Procedures (1)
• Dogleg & dispersion– Iterative procedure setting two external quads – then
central – then repeat• Matching to tomography
– Not trivial & very sensitive even in initial tracking models• Last dispersive section and setting Dx & D’
x
– Tomography helps keep the beam small– Dedicated model with some quads off– Measure dispersion in two places → derivative known– Turn quads to nominal model value → Dx & D’
x should be close to desired value ... is this a valid procedure ?
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Measurements in Injection Line (1)
• Emittance– Tomography section– Quadrupole scan
• Bunch length– Zero cross method with 2nd linac cavity used as a
buncher and YAG screen in dogleg• Charge
– Faraday cup after dipole or tomography• Energy & Energy spread
– Slit & YAG in last dispersive section
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Commissioning the EMMA ring (1)
Injection Septum 65°Kicker
Kicker
Cavities x 19
Extraction Septum 70°
Kicker
KickerScreen
Wire Scanner
Wall Current Monitor
Wire Scanner
Screen
BPM x 82
D Quadrupole x 42F Quadrupole x 42
16 Vertical Correctors
IOT Racks (3)
Waveguide distribution
KickerPowerSupplies
SeptumPowerSupply
SeptumPowerSupply
KickerPowerSupplies
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Commissioning the EMMA ring (2)
Injection
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Commissioning the EMMA ring (3)
Extraction
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Commissioning the EMMA ring (4)
Extraction
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• Before Injection into EMMA– Start with easier energy (probably 17-18 MeV)– Start with a low charge ? (e.g. 1 pC)– Measure injection energy to within 100 keV– Set nominal septum & kicker values
• Inject beam & look at first few BPMs – no acceleration– Calibrate this w.r.t. chosen model (ZGOUBI)– Make half a turn & extract & diagnose beam (may be
better to circulate first & measure tunes & TOF ?)– Measure bunch properties in extraction line
Commissioning the EMMA ring (5)
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Establishing the orbit (1)• Look at Beam Position Monitor (BPM) one by one from the
injection point (not symmetric → not straightforward)• Adjust initial beam position (x,x’,y,y’) as well as Quad
current and position
BPM
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Establishing the orbit (2)
• Double focusing lattice (QF and QD)• Bend fields are created by shifting quadrupoles
QFQD
Linear slide
• 4 knobs– QF and QD strength– QF and QD position
(horizontally)
• 4 parameters to fit
– Qx and Qy
– TOF shape and offset• Should have model to
predict 4 parameters according to desired lattice which model is best ?
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Measurements in EMMA ring
• Measurement of time of flight– Change frequency until no synchrotron oscillations– Frequency then translates into TOF– Hence find minimum of TOF
• Relationship of TOF to lattice parameters / tune– Tune vs. energy
• Study variation of all parameters to lattice properties• Interpretation of BPM readings
– Not all identical & only symmetry every other cell– Important to model all BPM readings → GPT / other
• Best code to do this – ZGOUBI (more this p.m.)
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ALICE
EMMA
SRS quadrupoles
New quadrupoles
TD Cavity
spectrometer dipole
tomography, EOand spectrometer matching section and TDC
first dispersive section
Diagnostic line (1)
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Diagnostic line (2)
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Diagnostic line (3)deflecting cavity tomography EO
spectrometer
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Extraction Line Commissioning (1)
• Much harder than injection as no precise knowledge of energy
• Set kickers & septum at ‘best guess’• Extract ideal – pencil-like beam• Measure energy with screen & dipole• Iterate• Zero the dispersion on exit of 1st straight (not obvious)• ‘Match’ to tomography – not trivial & again possibility for
collaboration (already two students & me but ...)• Make bunch measurements
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• How to achieve zero dispersion at the exit of straight ?– Usually done by centering the beam and then slightly
changing the energy & ensuring spot is motionless– Where do we introduce this change ?
• main linac → changes dynamics of EMMA & spot could appear still with dispersion non-zero
• switch off one of the EMMA cavities ? → also changes the dynamics
• slightly reduce all of them ?• look at centroid trajectories ?
Detailed Procedures (2)
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Measurements in Extraction Line (1)
• Emittance– Tomography section
• Slice emittance– TDC & screen in tomography section
• Bunch length– EO monitor and / or TDC
• Charge– Faraday cup after spectrometer dipole
• Energy spread– Slit & YAG in first dispersive section / spec. dipole
• Slice energy spread– TDC & spectrometer dipole
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Modelling (1)
• Model ALICE injector to deliver EMMA beam (10 ps etc.)• Create model of ALICE to EMMA injector line in GPT
– Run this model both on & off line for comparisons / predictions
• Create S2E model for all of EMMA in GPT– Run with field maps & misalignments for comparisons
/ predictions– Run all the way to spectrometer & dump in the EMMA
extraction line• Compare this with ZGOUBI models & FFEMMAG / other
models wherever possible
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Aperture survey
• Phase space at injection• Scan aperture in phase space with a pencil beam• Use steerers vertically & kickers horizontally
• When is normalized acceptance is 3 mm rad ?• Explore acceptance at all energies• Should also be modelled with FFEMMAG, GPT & others• To be done at all energies from 10 to 20 MeV
x’
/
x
/
pencil beam
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Online Modelling (1)• Ring optics – what things may look like
courtesy S. Machida
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Online Modelling (2)• Injection orbit and optics - what things may look like
Set septum and kicker strength
See orbit and optics of incoming beam
courtesy S. Machida
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We Need Your Help
• Identify all tasks required to operate EMMA successfully - started
• Identify & describe procedures – started– TOF / Tunes / Orbit correction / Experiments / other ?
• Help prepare programme of work - started• Help develop online models where required - started• Help interpret data & measurements correctly – what
does everything mean ?• Begin to lay out a commissioning plan - started• Estimate resources available to the project and in
particular commissioning – started• I will send list of tasks & initial commissioning thoughts
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• Update commissioning document to have– Project plan for EMMA commissioning preparation
• Deliverables / Milestones• Who can look into it, STFC, collaborators etc.• Simulations to be carried out (Richard D’Arcy &
others)• Procedure writing
• Give this plan to collaborators for feedback & help• Full Commissioning Plan by end of October• Major tasks e.g. - Build online model with interface
(ZGOUBI / PI-ZGOUBI)– Already under way thanks to Yoel Giboudot, David
Kelliher, Shinji, Machida, Kiril Marinov, Ben Shepher
We Need Your Help
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Thanks you for your attention
Still lots of work to be done !
Expect requests for help soon ...
Pre-Commissioning Workshop ~mid November
Everyone invited