bs 0 part 1 guide for standarization (2)

8/12/2019 BS 0 PArt 1 Guide for Standarization (2)

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BSI B S * O : P A R T L 91 1624669 0256917BRITISH STANDARD

A standard for standardsPart 1. Guide to general principles ofstandardization

BS Part 11991

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B S I BSU O: P A R T l 91 1624669 0256938 T WBS O Part 1 1991

This British Standard, havingbeen prepared by a BSI panel,was published under th eauthority of the &andardsBoard and comes into ef fect on31 October 1991O BSI 1991 Amendments issued sincepublicationFirst published February 1974Second edition November 1981Third edition October 1991

Amd. No. Date lkxt affected

The followingBSI referencesrelate to the work on thisstandard:Committee reference OC/13Draft for comment 87/00093 DCISBN 680 192671

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PageForeword 2GuideSection 1. General1.1 Scope 31.2 References 31.3 Definitions 3Section 2. i m s and principles2.1 Aims of standardization 42.2 Principles of standardization 4Section 3. Standards and the law3.1 Status of British Standards3.2 Contractual use of standards3.3 Standards and regulations

666

AnnexesAB

(informative) Short guide to international organizations concernedwith standards 810informative) ISO/IEC code of principles on reference to standards

List of references Inside back cover

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BSI BS O: P A R T * 91 W 1 6 2 4 6 6 7 0 2 5 6 9 2 0 8 =BS O Part 1 1991

Foreword

This Part of BS O is published under the authority of the Standards Board of BSI.It supersedes BS O : Part 1 : 1981, which is Withdrawn.BS O is intended primarily for the use of BSI committees and staff , andorganizations providing first drafts. Originally published in 1974, it wascomprehensively revised in 1981, The revised standard is published in threeParts:

Part 1 s an introduction to standardization and the role of standards;Part 2 describes BSI committee procedures;

Part 3 gives guidance on the drafting and presentation of British Standards andincludes an index to all three Parts.This revision of BS O : Part 1restates the aims of standardization and amplifiesthe principles. Other changes follow the new IEC/ISO Directives Part 3 : 1989rafting und resentation of In ternat ional Standards and the newCEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, Part 3 : 1990Rules m* he draf ling am ipresentation of European Standards as incorporated in BS O : Part 3 : 1991.The editorial principles, layout and typographical presentation used in BS Oillustrate the practice to be followed in British Standards.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity fromlegal obligations.



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BSI BS O: P A R T 1 91 1624669 0 2 5 6 9 2 3 T =Section 1 BS Part 1 1991

Section 1. General1.1 ScopeThis Part of BS O describes the general aims andpiinciples of standardization and the use ofstandards in support of contracts and legislation.1.2 References1.2.1 Normative referencesThis Part of BS O incorporates, by reference,provisions from specific editions of otherpublications. These noimative references are citedat the appropriate points in the text and thepublications are listed on the inside back cover.Subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any ofthese publications apply to this Part of BS O onlywhen incorporated in it by updating or revision.1.2.2 Informative referencesThis Part of BS O refers to other publications thatprovide information or guidance. Editions of thesepublications current at the time of issue of thisstandard are listed on the inside back cover, butreference should be made to the latest editions.1.3 DefinitionsFor the purposes of this Pait of BS O thedefinitions given in BS 4778 : Part 1 : 1987 andPart 2 : 1991 apply together with the following,which are taken from BS E N 45020 : 1991.1.3.1 standardizationActivity of establishing, with regard to actual orpotential problems, provisions for common andrepeated use, aimed at the achievement of theoptimum degree of order in a given context.NOTE 1,In particular, the activity consists of t he processes offormulating, issuing and implementingstandards.NOTE 2. Important benefits of standardization are improvementof t he suitability of products, processes and services for theirintended purposes, prevention of barriers to trade andfacilitation of technological cooperation.

1.3.2 standard1)Document, established by consensus and approvedby a recognized body, that provides, for commonand repeated use, niles, guidelines orcharacteiistics for activities or their results, aimedat the achievement of the optimum degree of orderin a given context.N(YI'E. Standards should be based on the consolidated results ofscience, technology and experience, and aimed a t the promotionof optimum community benefits.1.3.3 regulationDocument providing binding legislative rules, tha tis adopted by an authority.1.3.4 national standards bodyStandards body recognized at the national level,that is eligible to be the national member of thecorresponding international and regional standardsorganizations.1.3.5 consensusGeneral agreement, characterized by the absenceof sustained opposition to substantial issues by anyimportant part of t he concerned interests and by aprocess that involves seeking to take into accountthe views of all parties concerned and to reconcileany conflicting arguments.NOTE. Consensus need not imply unanimity.

) Measurement standards of mass, length, time, etc. (talons in French) are relevant to standardization, but the work of BSI as anational standards body concerns documentaiy standards asdefined in 1.3.2(normes n French).



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B S I BS O: P A R T S 1 91 W Lb24bb 0 2 5 6 9 2 2 1 =BS O Part 1 1991 Section 2

Section 2. Aims and principles

2.1 Aims of standardizationThe broad aims of standardization can besummaiked as follows:

a) to promote the quality of products, processesand services by defining those features andcharacteristics that govern their ability to satisfygiven needs, i.e. their fitness for purpose;b) to promote improvement in the quality of life,safety (see section 13 of BS O : Part 3 : 1991),health and protection of the environment;e) to promote the economic use of materials,energy and human resources in the productionand exchange of goods;d) to promote clear and unambiguouscommunication between all interested parties, ina form suitable for reference or quotation inlegally binding documents;e) to promote international trade by the removalof barriers caused by differences in nationalpractices;f) to promote industrial efficiency throughvariety control.

2.2 Principles of standardization2.2.1 Summary of principlesStandardization involves both preparation and useof standards. The main principles of this activityare described in the IS0 book The a im undprinciples of standardization [11. These piinciplesmay be summaiized as follows:

a) standards should be wanted;b) standards should be used;e) standards should be impartial;d) standards should be planned;e) standards should not be duplicated.

2.2.2 Standards should be wantedThe production of standards relies upon thewillingness of all parties concerned to reachvoluntary agreement among themselves for one ormore stated purposes.2.2.3 Standards should be usedApplication of standards relies upon the voluntarycommitment required in their preparation beingextended to their use. The publication of astandard is of little value if it is not applied. Theintended application of a standard should beclearly understood at the start and borne inmind throughout its preparation.Standards should be designed for ease of reference.They should be concise, clear, unambiguous andarranged and indexed to assist speedy retrieval ofrequired information. Different types of standardare written in different ways for pai-ticularpurposes, e.g. specifications for products,

materials, processes or services; codes of practice(recommendations goveiming actions); various kindsof methods, and glossaries of terms. The draftingand presentation of different types of BritishStandard are explained in BS O : Part 3,Verification of conformity to specified requirementsshould always be possible within a realistic timeand a t a reasonable cost. The implications of thisprinciple for the drafting of Biitish Standardspecifications are discussed in annex E of BS O :Part 3 : 1991.2.2.4 Standards should be impartialStandards should be prepared in order to benefitthe whole community. The provisions of a BritishStandard should not give exclusive advantage tothe product or service of any individual supplier.The implications of this principle for the drafting ofBritish Standards are discussed in 14.1 of BS O :Part 3 : 1991.2.2.6 Standards should be plannedThe social and/or economic benefits of a standardshould be compared with the total cost ofpreparing, publishing and maintaining it. Theresponsible committees should consider whether itis likely to be feasible to prepare the proposedstandard in a technically and commerciallyacceptable form in time to be of use.The process of writing standards is essentially oneof selection. A standard can contain only what theinterested parties are prepared to agree on at t hetime it is written. Thus decisions are needed onwhen and how it is appropriate to standardize in arapidly developing technology or to satisfy newcommunity needs relating to safety or theenvironment.In areas of rapid development, the balance shouldbe struck between inhibiting innovation bystandardizing too soon and proliferating wasteful ormutually incompatible solutions by leavingstandardization until too late. If the latter occurs,the cost of subsequent standardization is likely tobe much greater.Standards should be reviewed at regular intervalsand appropriate action taken. A standard that isnot kept up to date with changing circumstances ortechnological advance may become irrelevant 01inhibit progress, The review procedure for BritishStandards is explained in 3.7 of BS O : Part 2 :1991.2.2.6 Standards should not be duplicatedStandardization can be pursued a t different levels:by individuals, firms, associations, countries,regions and worldwide. For economy of total effort,a standard should logically be prepared a t thebroadest level consistent with meeting the needs ofinterested parties within an acceptable timescale.The simultaneous preparation, at different levels,of standards on identical aspects of identicalsubjects should be avoided as far as practicable.

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For the same reason, any standards bodyembarking on a new project should take care toavoid duplication of standards, existing or inpreparation, under its own or any other authority.The aim of international and Europeanstandardization is the adoption as nationalstandards of harmonized documents that ideally areidentical, or at least are techriically equivalent ineach country (see 4 2 of BS O : Part 2 : 1991).It is BSI policy to derive British Standards frominternational agreements wherever possible. TheUnited Kingdom is represented through BSI in theInternational Organization for Standardization(ISO), the International ElectrotechnicalCommission (IEC), the European Committee forStandardization (CEN) which includes theEuropean Committee for Iron and SteelStandardization (ECISS), and the EuropeanCommittee for Electrotechnical Standardization(CENELEC). Brief notes on these and otherinternational organizations concerned withStandards are given in annex A .

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BSI B S * O : P A R T * l i 91 1624669 0256924 5BS O Part 1 1991 Section 3

Section 3. Standards and the law3.1 Status of British Standards3.1.1 Voluntary natureBritish Standards are publicly available documentsvoluntarily agreed as a result of processes of publicconsultation designed to secure public acceptance.However, the publication of a standard by BSI doesnot, in itself, ensure its use. Its applicationdepends on the voluntary action of interestedparties. I t becomes binding if it is made mandatoiyby legislation, if a party is contracted to work to itor once a claim of compliance with it has beenmade,3.1.2 Legal recognitionNOTE. See also 3.2.Support for th e application of Biitish Standards, asagreements produced and promulgated in thepublic interest, is given by the Restrictive TradePractices Act 1976 [2]. Agreements to use BritishStandards are specifically excluded from therequirements for registration with the DirectorGeneral of Fair Trading.3.1.3 Duty of careA special duty of care is owed by BSI as thepublisher of authoritative national documents. Thcare exercised in the production of standards isrelied upon by their users who themselves owe asimilar duty to the public. It remains theresponsibility of users to ensure tha t a particularstandard is appropriate to their needs. Within theirscope, national standards provide a yardstick ofacceptability and may be taken into account by thecoui-ts.3.1.4 Trade descriptionsA British Standard forms part of the tradedescription of a product when cited by number orwhen compliance with i t is claimed. Whether ornot a standard specifically requires marking withthe British Standard number, manufacturei andothers will often mark their product with it. Suchmarking constitutes a unilateral claim that theproduct conforms to all the requirements of theBiitish Standard cited. The person making theclaim is responsible for its accuracy under theTrade Descriptions Act 1968 [3].To support their claims, manufacturers may applyto have their products independently cei-tified asconforming to the requirements of Biitish Standardspecifications. Several bodies provide third partycertification in the UK. A list of members of theAssociation of Certification Bodies is availablethrough BSI.Unless specifically worded to the contraiy, claimsof compliance and contracts referring to particularstandards (see 3.2) invoke the standards aseffective at th e date of the claim or contract.

3.1.5 CopyrightCopyright subsists in all BSI publications,irrespective of the origins of the material theycontain. No part of a British Standard may bereproduced in any form without the priorpermission in writing of BSI. This does not precludethe free use, in applying a standard, of necessai-ydetails such as symbols and size, type or gradedesignations.3.2 Contractual use of standardsA specification commonly foims part of a contractor an annex to it. The existence of relevant BritishStandards facilitates the preparation of contractspecifications. Standards or parts of standardsinvoked in contracts become legally binding on thecontracting parties. However, no Biitish Standardcan puiport t o include all the necessary provisionsof a contract.The usefulness of British Standards for contractspecifications depends on how well their scopecovers the needs of th e contracting parties.Drafting of British Standard specifications isdiscussed in detail in sections 5 to 7 of BS O :Part 3 : 1991.Many British Standards contain options from whicha choice has to be made when drafting a validcontraet.Some British Standards are deliberately drafted inadvisory form, i.e. codes of practice, guides andrecommendations. Simple reference to them incontracts is therefore insufficient to convert theirprovisions into contractual requirements.3.3 Standards and regulations3.3.1 Reference to standardsStandards may be referred to in regulations toavoid the need to include detailed technicalprovisions in the body of the law and duplication ofthe task of writing technical criteria. Reference inthis way does not mean delegation of responsiblity.The regulatory authoiity is entitled to cancel areference at any time and to replace it either byanother reference or by insei-tion of the necessarytechnical provisions into the legislation itself.3.3.2 Strength of reference to standardsReference to standards in regulations may have oneof two effects.

a) Standardsmademandatory. The standard orpart of i t referred to has to be followed, or aspecific result in a standard test has to beachieved in order to obey the statutoiyrequirement, i.e. the text of the standard ceasesto be voluntary in the context of the legalrequirement.



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B S I BS O: P A R T * l 41 L b 2 Y b b 4 0 2 5 6 4 2 5 7 =Section 3 BS Part 1 1991

b) Stundurds deemed to sutisfy. Compliance withthe standard is indicated as one way of fulfillinga regulatoiy requirement. Anyone choosinganother route may be required to prove that thealternative solution complies with the regulation.

3.3.3 Precision of reference to standardsThere are three distinct ways of refei-iing tostandards in regulations.

a) Dated reference. A specific standard isidentified in such a way that later editions of thestandard are not to be applied unless theregulation is modified. The standard is usuallyidentified by its number and year.b) Uncluted r e f w m e . A specific standard isidentified in such a way that the later editions ofthe standard are to be applied without the needto modify the regulation. The standard is usuallyidentified only by its number.e) General r e f e r m e . All standards of a specifiedbody and/or in a paitieular field are designatedwithout being identified individually.

Dated reference is the usual practice in the UK,where regulations made under a number of Acts ofParliament invoke some 300 British Standards.3.3.4 International implicationsIntergoveimental bodies have endorsed the valueof inteinational standards as the basis ofregulations designed to overcome trade barriers.The implications of the regulatory interest havebeen formulated by IS0 and IEC jointly in a codeof principles on reference to standardsreproduced in annex B.

3.3.5 Regional implications: EuropeFollowing acceptance by the European Community(EC) of the piinciple of reference to standards,CEN and CENELEC have undertaken to provide,using IS0 and IEC standards whenever. possible,the European Standards needed to support the ECprogramme of legislation for the elimination oftechnical barrieis to trade under Article 100 (andnow Article 100a) of the Treaty of Rome [4] ndfor other Community objectives under the Treaty.Once a European Standard is called up in an ECdirective, binding on governments in all MemberStates, the teims of the directive will determine itsstatus. Within the framework of the New u p r o a c hto technical hamnonixation and stundurcls adoptedby the EC Council of Ministers in 1985, directivesare intended to carry only a general reference tostandards that will be deemed to satisfy identifiedessential requirements. Once available, thesestandards are cited by dated reference in theOfficial JOZC??ud of the European Com muni t ies .

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B S I B S X O : P A R T * L 71 m 1624667 O256726 9 m iBS O Part 1 1991 Annex A

AnnexesAnnex A (informative)Short guide to internationalorganizations concerned with standardsNUiE. The initiais and titles given ar e those used in Englishspeaking countries. The list is not exhaustive and does notinclude the many trading and manufacturing associations hatmay be involved to various degrees in internationalstandardization. An extensive list of such organizationswiththeir acronyms, is given in the publicationIs Liuisons.A. 1 Standards organizationsIS0International Organization for Standardization.Founded in 1947. Comprises national standardsbodies of 75 countries and 16 correspondentmembew. Over 160 technical committees, 650subcommittees and 1500 working groups. Morethan 6000 IS0 standards published.IS0 Council c m m i t t e e s

Executive Board. Includes responsibility forfinanceTechnical BoardCASCO Committee on conformityCOPOLCO Committee on consumer policyDEVCO Development Committee. Aimed atthe needs of developing countriesINFCO Committee on informationREMCO Committee on reference materialsSTACO Committee on standardization

assessment

principlesIS0 also provides the secretariat of theInternational Federation for t he Application ofStandards (IFAN), comprising official standardsuser bodies recognized by their national standardsbodies.IECInternational Electrotechnical Commission.Founded in 1906. The electrotechnical counterpartof ISO. Comprises national electrotechnicalcommittees of over 40 countries. Over 75 technicalcommittees and 115 subcommittees. More than1500 IEC standards published.l E C special cornmittees

Committee of Action (equivalent to IS0lkchnical Board)ACEC Advisory Committee onACET Advisory Committee on Electronics

Electromagnetic Compatibilityand Telecommunications

ACOS Advisory Committee on SafetyCISPR International Special Committee onRadio Interference. Set up underthe aegis of LEC membercommittees and other internationalorganizations in the electrical,broadcasting and transport fields

IECQIEC Quality Assessment System for ElectronicComponents. Formally established in 1976, theCertification Management Committee acts as theIEC certification body for the initial approval andcontinuing assessment of the quality of electroniccomponents. Its approved National SupervisingInspectorates perform surveillance duties in 15 ofthe 24 member countries.IECEEIEC System for Conformity sting to Standardsfor Safety of Electrical Equipment. Founded asCEE in 1946 but taken over by IEC in 1985. Acts asLEC certification body for domestic electricalequipment.CEN and CENELECCEN and CENELEC follow common rules for thepreparation of European Standards (EN) foridentical publication nationally, HarmonizationDocuments (HD) and European Prestandards(ENV), relying whenever possible on IS0 or IECstandards.CENEuropean Committee for Standardization.Founded in 1961. Comprises national standardsbodies of EC and EFTA countries. About 200 activetechnical committees.ECISSEuropean Committee for Iron and SteelStandardization. Steered by CoordinatingCommission COCOR, operating since 1986 withinthe legal framework of CEN. Responsible for workon European Standards for iron and steel (formerlyEuronorms). Nineteen technical committees.CENELECEuropean Committee for ElectrotechnicalStandardization. Electrotechnical counterpart ofCEN. Founded in 1973 from union of CENEL andCENELCOM. Comprises national electrotechnicalcommittees of EC and EFTA countries. About 55technical committees.



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BSI B S * O : PART : I i 9 1 = L b 2 4 b b 0 2 5 b 9 2 7 OAnnex A BS Part 1 1991

CECCCENELEC Electronic Components Committee.Founded in 1970 to facilitate international trade byharmonization of specification and qualityassessment procedures for electronic components,and by the granting of an internationallyrecognized mark and/or certificate of conformity.Comprises 15 national electrotechnical committees.About 20 working groups.ETSIEuropean Telecommunications StandardsInstitute. Founded in 1988 at the initiative of theEuropean Conference of Postal andRlecommunications Administration (CEFT). Athird partner with CEN and CENELEC in thepreparation of standards for Europe.ARS0African Regional Organization forStandardization. Founded in January 1977 underthe auspices of the UN Economic Commission forAfrica (ECA). Membership open to the nationalstandards bodies of African countries which aremembers of ECA and the Organization of Africanunity.ASMOArab Organization for Standardization andMetrology. Founded in 1965 to serve as aspecialized technical body for the League of ArabStates in the fields of standardization, metrologyand quality control.COPANTPan American Standards Commission. Foundedin 1961. Comprises national standards bodies ofUSA and 11Latin American countries. Acoordinating organization concerned with theregional implementation of IS0 and IEC standards.PASCPacific Area Standards Congress. Founded in1973 to help the Pacific countries participate ininternational standards activities and promotecloser cooperation between its members.

A.2 Intergovernmental organizations UN (UnitedNations) agenciesCODEX

ECAECE

ECLAESCAPFA0GATTIAEAIL0IMOITU

UNCIADUNESCOUNIDOWHOWMO

Codex Alimentarius Commission.Created to implement the jointFAO-WHO Food StandardsProgrammeEconomic Commission for AfricaEconomic Commission for Europe.Facilitates trade in Europe andnotably prepares regulationsassociated with E markcertification scheme operating formotor vehicle equipmentEconomic Commission for LatinAmericaEconomic Commission for Asia andthe PacificFood and Agriculture OrganizationGeneral Agreement on k i f f s andTradeInternational Atomic EnergyAgencyInternational Labour OrganizationInternational MaritimeOrganizationInternational TelecommunicationsUnionCCIR International RadioConsultative CommitteeCCIIT International Rlegraph andNep ho ne Consultative CommitteeUN Conference on Trade andDevelopmentUN Educational, Scientific andCultural OrganizationUN Industrial DevelopmentOrganizationWorld Health OrganizationWorld Meteorological Organization

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BSI B S * O : P A R T S 1 91 l b 2 4 b b 9 0 2 5 6 9 2 8 2BS Part 1 1991 Annex B

European Community (EC)There are three European Communities:

EEC European Economic Community.The Common Market foundedunder the Treaty of Rome, 1957.Community founded under theParis Treaty, 1951Community founded under asecond Rome Treaty, 1957

ECSC European Coal and Steel

EURATOM European Atomic Energy

EC membership comprises Belgium, Denmark,France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy,Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, UK.Within the framework of the three Treaties, theCommunities are managed by s x institutions:

Council of MinistersTwelve Ministers, one from each Member State,the actual Minister present depending on thesubject in question. Adopts Communitylegislation on the basis of proposals from theCommission. Presidency held for 6 months inturn by each Member State. Assisted by aCommittee of Permanent Representatives(COREPER).Commiss ionThe Commission of the European Communities(CEC) comprises 17 Commissioneis responsiblefor initiating and executing Community policyadopted by the Council of Ministers. Answerableto the European Parliament. Acts as mediatorbetween Member States and as guardian of theTreaties. The President and Vice-presidents areappointed from the Commissioners for renewable2-year terms.European Par l iamentComprises 518 membeis holding 12 plenarysessions per year, assisted by 18 committees.Gives its opinion on Commission proposals beforethe Council can make its decision. All majordecisions involving expenditure from theCommunity budget are required to be submittedto the European Parliament for approval.ECOSOCEconomic and Social Committee. Compiises 189membei-s representing employers, trade unions,consumers and other interest groups. Expressesopinion on Commission proposals.

The remaining Community institutions are theCourt of Just ice and the Court of Auditors .

EFTAEuropean Free Trade Association. Founded in1960. Present members are Austria, Norway,Sweden, Switzerland, Iceland and Finland.OECDOrganization for Economic Co-operation andDevelopment. Founded in 1961. ComprisesEuropean countries, USA, Canada and Japan.0JM.LInternational Organization of Legal Metrology.Founded in 1955 to resolve the technical andadministrative problems of legal metrology raisedby the construction, use and checking ofinstruments of measurement and to facilitatecooperation between states in this field. Compiises42 member states.CGPMGeneral Conference on Weights and Measures.Membership drawn from those 41 nations whichare signatories to the Metre Convention. TheConference meets a t approximately 4-yearintervals. The International Committee on Weightsand Measures (CIPM) is responsible forimplementing decisions of the CGPM and preparingfor each Conference. The International Bureau forWeights and Measures (BPM), a metrologicallaboratoiy under the responsibility of the CIPM,can arrange for the measurement standards of anycountry to be compared with internationally agreedstandards.Annex B (informative)ISO/IEC code of principles on referenceto standardsN m . he following policy statement was issued jointly by IS0and IEC in January 1974 and is published as ISO/IEC Guide 15The advantages of the principles of reference tostandards in legislation and regulations are by nowwell-known among governmental agencies. Forexample, a document drawn up by a group ofexperts of the UN Economic Commission forEurope in May 1973 makes clear that if technicalrequirements are expressed in standards:

a) the legislative work is simplified andaccelerated;b) the elimination of barriers to trade isfacilitated;e) the results of the work of internationalstandards organizations can be more easily takeninto account;d) technical regulations can be changed moreeasily to take account of technological advance;



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e) technical requirements are better obseived astechnical staff are more accustomed to usingstandards in their daily work than laws;f) all technical regulations could be arrangedwithin one unified systematic collection, if themethod is applied consistently;g) the implementation of national technicalregulations is better secured and discordancesbetween the national standards of differentcountries are avoided if interested pai-tiesparticipate in the preparation of the standards.

The standards-making procedures of IS0 and IECand their members are at the disposal ofintergovernmental organizations and nationalgoveinmental agencies wishing to use the principleof reference to standards. With a view to guidingthe work of IS0 and E C and their memberstowards standards which can be referenced inlegislation or regulations, the IS0 and IEC Councilshave adopted piinciples 1 o below.1)IS0 and IEC will give special attention t o workrequested by intergovernmental organizationswhich plan to recommend enactment of nationallegislation or regulations making reference tostandards. rget dates for the completion ofsuch work will be established on request. Similarpiinciples will be observed by members of IS0and IEC in relations with national governmentalauthorities.2) The national committees and their delegationsengaged in the relevant standardization workshould be fully representative of the views of allinterested parties: government, publicauthorities, produceix, distributors, users, etc.3) With a view to ensuring widespreadgovernmental acceptance of IS0 or IEC standardsfor reference in conjunction with legislation andregulations, IS0 and IEC technical committeeswill pay special attention to preparingintemational standards which have the widestpossible geographical support .4 S0 and IEC members shall contribute to theimplementation of the relevant internationalstandard, as soon as and as far as possible, eitherby endeavouring to ensure the closest possibleconfoimity of the respective national standardwith the international standard, or by conferringthe appropriate status to the latter directly,within their own ten-itoiy. If deviations from theinternational standard are necessary, theseshould be indicated in the national standard, atthe time of its next revision.

5) If a regional intergovernmental authorityshould call upon a regional standardsorganization for the preparation of standards towhich national governments refer in conjunctionwith regulations, the IS and IEC membersbelonging to that regional organization shallensure tha t relevant IS0 and IEC standards aretaken into account in the development of aregional standard, preferably, wherever possible,by direct adoption of the IS0 or IEC standard asa regional standard.Successful application of the piinciple of referenceto standards requires close collaboration betweengovernment and standards bodies. The IS0 and IECCouncils have therefore also drawn up principles 6to 10 below, setting out certain desiderata for suchcollaboration. IS0 and IEC membei-s are requestedto draw these to the attention of their respectivegovernmental authorities, inviting acceptance ofthem.

6) When national authorities orintergovernmental organizations wishing to referto international standards in their regulatoiywork put requests to IS0 and IEC or throughmember bodies for such standards,undeixtanding should be sought from thebeginning on the scope of the standardizationwork requested.7) In such cases the interested nadonalauthorities or intergovernmental organizationsshould consider agreeing that during a certainperiod they would abstain from regulatory actionwhich could hamper8) The interested national authorities should bewilling to offer appropriate assistance in thestandardization work thus undertaken; theirexpei-ts are invited to participate in the worktogether with the other delegates and should bewilling to envisage any appropriate modificationsof their national legislation or regulations in thefield in question.9) Wherever international standards exist,national authorities and intergovernmentalorganizations should refer thereto in theirregulatory texts either directly or throughhaimonized national standards.10) National and intemational standards arerevised in the light of experience and technicalprogress. When choosing among the varioustechniques of reference to standards it isdesirable that government.al authorities adopt atechnique which will take advantage of theserevisions with the least delay.



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List of references see 1.2)

Normatiye referencesBSI standards publicationsBRITISH STANDARDS 1NS UTION. Lo ndo nBSO: stundurd f o r stundards

BS O : Part 2 : 1991BS O : Part 3 ; 1991

BS 4778 : Quality vocabuluryBS 4778 : Part 1 1987 International termsBS 4778 : Pait 2 : 1991 Quulity on epts ctnd reluted d efinitions

Guide to BSI com mitt ee procecluresGuide to druftiry u n d pres enta tion of B?


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B S I B S * O : P A R T * i I 91 W i1624669 0256933 2BS o Part 1I991

BSI2 Park treetLondonW1A 2BBSILinford WoodMilton KeynesMK14 6LE9110 2 6k B

BSP British Standards InstitutionBSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStandards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at theinternational level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter.Contract requirementsA Biitish Standard does not purport to include all the necessaiy provisions of acontract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correctapplication.RevisionsBritish Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of BritishStandards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments oreditions.Any person who finds an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this BritishStandard should notify BSI without delay so that the matter may beinvestigated swiftly.BSI offers members an individual updating seivice called PLUS which ensuresthat subsci.ibers automatically receive the latest editions of standards.Buying British StandardsOrders for all British Standard publications should be addressed to the SalesDepaihnent at Milton Keynes.Information on standardsBSI provides a wide range of information on national, European andinternational standards through its Libraiy, the Standardline Database, the BSIInformation Technology Service (BITS) and its Technical Help to ExportersService. Contact Customer Information at Milton Keynes: -1: 0908 221166.Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developmentsand receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards. Fordetails of these and other benefits contact the Manager, MembershipDevelopment at Milton Keynes: B I : 0908 220022.CopyrightCopyright subsists in all BSI publications. No part of this publication may bereproduced in any form without the prior permission in writing of BSI. Thisdoes not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, ofdetails such as symbols and size, type or grade designations. Enquiries aboutcopyright should be made to the Copyright Manager, Publications at MiltonKeynes.

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