bs political science

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BS POLITICAL SCIENCE

Four Years Program

BACHA KHAN UNIVERSITY CHARSADDA

2020

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FIRST YEAR: FIRST SEMESTER

COURSE

CODE COURSE TITLE

Course Type CREDIT

HOURS

ELL-311 English I: Functional English Gen Ed 03

IS-312 Islamic Studies Gen Ed 03

SOC -313 SS-1 (Citizenship Education and

community Engagement)

Gen Ed 03

EDU-312 NS-1 (General Science) Gen Ed 03

POL-311

Introduction to Political Science Subject-Specific 03

POL-312 Political Systems-I Subject-Specific 03

Total Credit Hours 18

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COURSE TITLE: ENGLISH-I (FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH)

COURSE CODE: ELL-311

CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVES: To enhance and develop language skills and critical thinking.

COURSE CONTENTS:

Grammar

Basics of Grammar

Parts of speech and use of articles

Sentence structure, active and passive voice

Practice in unified sentence

Analysis of phrase, clause and sentence structure

Transitive and intransitive verbs

Punctuation and spelling

Comprehension

Answers to questions on a given text

Discussion

General topics and every-day conversation (topics for discussion to be at the discretion

of the teacher keeping in view the level of students)

Listening

To be improved by showing documentaries/films carefully selected by subject teachers

Translation Skills

Urdu to English

Paragraph Writing

Topics to be chosen at the discretion of the teacher

Presentation Skills

Introduction

Note: Extensive reading is required for vocabulary building

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COURSE RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

Langan, John. (2004). College Writing Skills. London: Mc-Graw-Hill Higher

Education.

Laurie G. Kirszner and Stephen R. Mandell. (2001). Patterns of College Writing. St.

Martin’s Press.

Marie, Brinand, and Grellet.( 1993). Oxford Supplementary Skills. London: Oxford

University Press.

Nolasco,Rob. (1992). Oxford Supplementary Skills: Fourth Impression.

Tomlinson, and Ellis. Rod. (1992). Oxford Supplementary Skills. London: Oxford

University Press.

Thomson, and Martinet. (1997). Practical English Grammar. London: Oxford

University Press.

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COURSE TITLE: ISLAMIC STUDIES

COURSE CODE: IS-312

CREDIT HOURS: 03

Course Objectives:

This course is aimed at:

1 To provide Basic information about Islamic Studies

2 To enhance understanding of the students regarding Islamic Civilization

3 To improve Students skill to perform prayers and other worships

4 To enhance the skill of the students for understanding of issues related to faith and

religious life.

Course Contents:

Introduction to Quranic Studies

Basic Concepts of Quran

History of Quran

Uloom-ul -Quran

Study of Selected Text of Holly Quran

Verses of Surah Al-Baqra Related to Faith(Verse No-284-286)

Verses of Surah Al-Hujrat Related to Adab Al-Nabi (Verse No-1-18)

Verses of Surah Al-Mumanoon Related to Characteristics of faithful (Verse No-1-11)

Verses of Surah al-Furqan Related to Social Ethics (Verse No.63-77)

Verses of Surah Al-Inam Related to Ihkam(Verse No-152-154)

Study of Selected Text of Holly Quran

Verses of Surah Al-Ihzab Related to Adab al-Nabi (Verse No.6, 21, 40, 56, 57, 58.)

Verses of Surah Al-Hashar (18,19,20) Related to thinking, Day of Judgment

Verses of Surah Al-Saf Related to Tafakar,Tadabar (Verse No-1,14)

Seerat of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) I

Life of Muhammad Bin Abdullah ( Before Prophet Hood)

Life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) in Makkah

Important Lessons Derived from the life of Holy Prophet in Makkah

Seerat of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) II

Life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) in Madina

Important Events of Life Holy Prophet in Madina

Important Lessons Derived from the life of Holy Prophet in Madina

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Introduction To Sunnah

Basic Concepts of Hadith

History of Hadith

Kinds of Hadith

Uloom –ul-Hadith

Sunnah& Hadith

Legal Position of Sunnah

Introduction to Islamic Law & Jurisprudence

Basic Concepts of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence

History & Importance of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence

Sources of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence

Nature of Differences in Islamic Law

Islam and Sectarianism

Islamic Culture & Civilization

Basic Concepts of Islamic Culture & Civilization

Historical Development of Islamic Culture & Civilization

Characteristics of Islamic Culture & Civilization

Islamic Culture & Civilization and Contemporary Issues

Islam & Science

Basic Concepts of Islam & Science

Contributions of Muslims in the Development of Science

Quranic& Science

Islamic Economic System

Basic Concepts of Islamic Economic System

Means of Distribution of wealth in Islamic Economics

Islamic Concept of Riba

Islamic Ways of Trade & Commerce

Political System of Islam

Basic Concepts of Islamic Political System

Islamic Concept of Sovereignty

Basic Institutions of Govt. in Islam

Islamic History

Period of Khlaft-E-Rashida

Period of Ummayyads

Period of Abbasids

Social System of Islam

Basic Concepts of Social System of Islam

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Elements of Family

Ethical Values of Islam

COURSE RECOMMANDED BOOKS:

Bhatia, H.S. (1989). Studies in Islamic Law, Religion and Society. New Delhi: Deep &

Deep Publications.

Hasan, Ahmad. (1993) .Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence. Islamabad: Islamic

Research Institute, IIU.

Waliullah, Mir. (1982). Muslim Jrisprudence and the Quranic Law of Crimes. Lahore:

Islamic Book Service.

Zia-ul-Haq, Muhammad. (2001). Introduction to Al Sharia Al Islamia. Islamabad:

Allama Iqbal Open University.

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COURSE TITLE: CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY

ENGAGEMENT

COURSE CODE: SOC-313

Contact Hours:Credit Hours:

Theory = 16 Theory = 1.0

Practical = 64 Practical = 2.0

Total = 80 Total = 3.0

_________________________________________________________________________

Course Objectives:

The overall objectives of this course are to:

Teach students the importance and role of active citizenship in promoting a productive,

harmonious and developed society/world

Educate students about the importance of concepts, skills and philosophy of community

linkages in developing a sustainable society

Inculcate the importance of community involvement for ensuring an improved, tolerant

and generative society/world

Provide an opportunity to the students to develop their relationship with the community

Learning Outcomes:

The primary outcome is inclusive development through active citizenship locally and globally,

Moreover, the following are the detailed outcomes of the course based on the three domains of

Bloom’s Taxonomy i.e Affective, Psychomotor and Cognitive. The students will be able to:

Understand the overall organization of the society

Recognize and exercise their rights, responsibilities and the significance of active

citizenship in positive societal development

Identify and critically evaluate social issues and implement practicable community

based solutions

Understand the concept of human rights and its significance

Appreciate diverse viewpoints and inter-cultural harmony

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Course Outline:

Introduction to Citizenship Education and Community Engagement

Meaning & History

Attributes of Active Citizenship

Different Approach

i. Republican Approach

ii. Liberal Approach

iii. Cosmopolitan Approach

Dimensions of Active Citizenship

Rights

Membership

Participation

Identity

Identity, Culture, and Social Harmony

Sociological Theories of Self Formation

i. Sigmund Freud Theory

ii. George Herbert Mead Theory

iii. Charles Horton Cooley Theory

Cultural & Religious Harmony

Pluralism & Diversity

Democracy & Democratic Norms

Concept and Development of Identity

Components of Cultural and Social Harmony

Inter-Cultural Dialogue (me versus you)

Principles & Purpose

Ability to Support, learn and share through dialogue

Policy Dialogue (encourage young people to share their opinion and perspective with

policy makers and opinion makers.

Local & Global Communities

Concept of Community

Needs, Issues & Conflicts

Conflict Resolution

Communication & Networking

Social Cohesion

Social Capital

Social Networking

Advocacy

Social Entrepreneurship & Partnership

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Social Action Planning

Skills in project Planning & Management

Project Cycle

Stakeholder Analysis

Problem Identification

Writing Project Plan

Monitoring & Evaluation

Risk Analysis

Population Dynamics in Pakistan

Population Growth Pakistan

Factors Behind High Fertility Rate

i. Legislative Actions

ii. Dearth of Medical Facilities

iii. Delayed VS Early Age Marriages

iv. Poverty

v. Women Empowerment

vi. Spreading Awareness

vii. Providing Incentives

Population Theory

How to Control Population Growth

Text and Reference Books:

Core Readings:

1. Larsen A. K. Sewpaul, V., & Hole, G. O. (Eds.). (2013). Participation in community

work: International Perspectives, Rutledge

2. Alan, T. (2008). Community work, London: Palgrave Macmillan

3. British Council, (2017) Active Citizen’s social Action Projects Guide (Scotland:

British Council)

4. Kaye, C. B. (2004). The complete guide to service learning: Proven, practical ways to

engage students in civic responsibility, academic curriculum, & social action. Free

spirit publishing.

5. Hans, R. (1993). Population Studies, Indian Council of Social Sciences Research,

New Delhi.

6. Peterson, W. (1975). Population, New York, Macmillan.

7. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe-official web site.

8. Weeks, J. R. (1992). Population: An Introduction to Concepts and Issues, Belmart

California, Wadsworth Publishing Company

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COURSE TITLE: GENERAL SCIENCE

LEVEL: BS 1st

COURSE CODE: EDU-312

CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE TYPE: GENERAL

Course Outline

Unit 01: Nature of General Science

1.1 Definition and nature of General Science

1.2 Importance of General Science in Daily Life

1.3 Contributions of Muslim Scientists in Different Areas of Science

1.4 Scope of General Science

Unit 02: Introductions to Physics

2.1 Introduction to Physics

2.2 Branches of Physics

2.3 Islam and Physics

2.4 Scientific Method

Unit 03: Measurements

3.1 Concept of Physical Quantities

3.2 Different Systems of Units

3.3 Relationship of Different Quantities

3.4 Pre-fixes and Scientific Notation

Unit 04: Introduction to Chemistry

4.1 Meaning and Importance to Chemistry

4.2 History of Chemistry

4.3 Braches of Chemistry

4.4 Chemistry and its Applications

Unit 05: Basic Concepts of Chemistry

5.1 Atom, Molecule, Valence Simple formulae

5.2 Atomic Number, Atomic Weight, Formulae weight

5.3 Structure of Atom

5.4 Different Atomic Theories

Unit 06: Introductions to Biology

6.1 Introductions to Biology

6.2 Quran and Biology

6.3 Branches of Biology

6.4 Biology and Human Welfare

Unit 07: Basic Concepts of Biology

7.1 Cell, Tissue, Organs and System

7.2 Parts and Structure of Plant Cell

7.3 Parts and Structure of Animal Cell

7.4 Difference Between Animal and Plant Cell

Unit 08: Concept of Physical Chemistry

8.1 Ideal Gas Equation

8.2 Vander Waals Equations

8.3 Thermodynamics

8.4 Free Energy and Chemical Equilibrium

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Unit 09: Waves

9.1 Concept of Wave

9.2 Types of Waves

9.3 Simple Harmonic Motion

9.4 Derivation of Equation

Unit 10: Conservation of Energy

10.1 Conservation laws in Physical World

10.2 Conservation of Energy

10.3 Conservative Forces

10.4 Conservation of Linear Momentum

Unit 11: Diversity

11.1 Taxonomy of Plants

11.2 Taxonomy of Animals

11.3 Fauna and Flora

Unit 12: Systems in plants Transportation

12.2 Excretion

12.3 Photosynthesis

Recommended Books

Harlen, W. (2003). Teaching of Science, London: David Fulton.

Hassard J. (2004) Minds of Science: Middle and secondary methods, New York: Harper

Collins

Publishers.

Monler Martin (1999) Learning to teach science, London, the Falmer Press

Nellist, J. & Nicholl, B. (2004). Science Teachers Handbook. London: the Association of

Science

Education

Rehman M. (2004).Teaching of science and Mathematics. Ijaz Printer Peshawer Pakistan.

Lewis Eikenberry, W. (2008) The teaching of general science, The University of Chicago

Press

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COURE TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL SCIENCE

COURSE CODE: POL-311

CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVE: To give knowledge about the Political principles and its implication

to the

Modern Society and the subject also provide knowledge about the theoretical concepts

involved in common political phenomenon.

COURSE CONTENTS:

Introduction:

Meaning and Definition of Political Science.

Subject matter of Political Science.

Scope and Importance of Political Science.

Relationship of Political Science with other Social Science.

Methods and approaches of Political Science.

Use of Political Science knowledge to the Contemporary Societies.

State:

Meaning and Definition of state.

Forms of State

Elements of State.

Differentiation between State, Association, Nation, Government and Society.

Introduction, Definitions, and Sources of Law.

Introduction, Definition, Characteristics, and Forms of Governments.

Legislations/Legislature:

Introduction, meaning and Definitions of Legislations/Legislature.

Functions and kinds of Legislations/Legislature.

Introduction, Definitions, Merits, Demerits, and Kinds of Referendum.

Political Parties:

Introduction, meaning and Definitions of Political Parties.

Importance of Political Parties.

Functions of Political Parties.

Merits and Demerits of Political Parties.

Kinds of Political Parties.

United Nations (UN):

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Aims of UN

Organs of UN

Principles of UN

Functions of UN.

Constitutional Development in Pakistan

CONSTITUTION OF 1956



RECOMMANDED BOOKS:

Agarwal, R.C. (2006). Political theory: Principles of political science. New Delhi: S.

Chand & Co.

Haq, Mazhar. (1996). Theory and practice in Political Science. Lahore: Book Land.

Roskin, Michael. G. (1997). Political Science: an Introduction. London: Prentice Hall.

SA. Syed (2007). Political Science: Part-1. Nowshera: Classic Publishers Nowshera.

S.A.Syed. (2007). Political Science: Part-II Nowshera: Classic Publishers Nowshera.

Sarwar, M. (1996). Introduction to Political Science. Lahore: IlmiKutubKhana.

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COURE TITLE: POLITICAL SYSTEMS –I (DEVELOPED COUNTRIES)


CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVE:

This course is intended to make a comparative & analytical study of the Political System

of UK, USA, FRANCE, and RUSSIAN FEDRATION. Emphasis is to be given on Political Culture,

Political process, interaction among various Political & governmental forces, social & Economic

basis of politics, policy making & politics of pluralism, ethnicity & diversity.

COURSE OUTLINE

Constitution

Definition, Role, Importance, Types of Constitutions

British Constitution

Historical Background, Evolution, Salient Features, Sources-Development

Legislature, Executive, Judiciary, Political Parties

American Constitution


Legislature, Executive, Judiciary

Political Parties

Comparison between the American & British Political Systems

French Constitution



Political Parties

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Political System of the Russian Federation



Political Parties

RECOMMENDED READINGS

F. N Forman and N. D. J. Baldwin. British Politics. London: MacMillan, 1991.

G. Q. Wilson. American Government: Institutions and Politics. 3rd edition, Heath & Co., n.d.

Harold, J. Laski. Parliamentary Government in England. London, Allen & Unwin, 1960.

J. M. Colomer. Political Institutions in Europe, London, 1996.

M. Carter Gwendolen and John H. Hertz. Major Foreign Powers. New York: Harcourt, Brace

& World, Inc., 1967.

P. G. Cocker. Contemporary British Politics and Government. Kent, Tudor Business

Publishing Ltd., 1993.

Pomper McWilliams Baker. American Government. McMillan Publishing Co. London,

1993.

Ramsay Muir. How Britain is Governed. London, Constable & Co., 1940.

Robert G. Neumann. European Government. New York: McGraw-Hill, INC, 1968.

Thomas E. Patterson. The American Democracy. Boston, McGraw Hill College, 1999.

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FIRST YEAR: SECOND SEMESTER

Note:* The medium of instruction for the subject of Pakistan Studies and Islamic Studies

may be Urdu or English language.

COURSE

CODE COURSE TITLE

Course Type CREDIT

HOURS

ELL-321 English II: Composition Writing Gen Ed 03

PS-321 Pakistan Studies* Gen Ed 03

CS-311 QR-1 (Introduction to Computer) Gen Ed 03

Arts and Humanities-I (Languages) Gen Ed 03

POL- 321 Political Systems-II Subject-Specific 03

POL-322 Introduction to International Relations Subject-Specific 03


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COURSE TITLE: COMPOSING WRITTING (English-2)


CREDIT HOURS: 03

Course Objectives: Enable the students to meet their real life communication needs.

Course Contents:

Paragraph writing

Practice in writing a good, unified and coherent paragraph

Essay writing

Introduction

CV and job application

Translation skills

Urdu to English

Study skills

Skimming and scanning, intensive and extensive, and speed reading, summary and

précis writing and comprehension

Academic skills

Letter/memo writing, minutes of meetings, use of library and internet

Presentation skills

Personality development (emphasis on content, style and pronunciation)

Note: documentaries to be shown for discussion and review


Langan, John. (2004). College Writing Skills. London: Mc-Graw-Hill Higher

Education.

Laurie G. Kirszner and Stephen R. Mandell. (2001). Patterns of College Writing. St.

Martin’s Press.

Marie, Brinand, and Grellet.( 1993). Oxford Supplementary Skills. London: Oxford

University Press.

Nolasco,Rob. (1992). Oxford Supplementary Skills: Fourth Impression.

Tomlinson, and Ellis. Rod. (1992). Oxford Supplementary Skills. London: Oxford

University Press.

Thomson, and Martinet. (1997). Practical English Grammar. London: Oxford

University Press.

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COURSE TITLE: PAKISTAN STUDIES (COMPULSORY)

COURSE CODE: PS-321

CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

Develop vision of historical perspective, government, politics, contemporary Pakistan,

ideological background of Pakistan and to Study the process of governance, national

development, issues arising in the modern age and posing challenges to Pakistan.

COURSE CONTENTS:

Historical Perspective

Ideological rationale with special reference to Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Allama

Muhammad Iqbal and Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

Factors leading to Muslim separatism

People and Land

i. Indus Civilization

ii. Muslim advent

iii. Location and geo-physical features.

Government and Politics in Pakistan

Political and constitutional phases:

1947-58

1958-71

1971-77

1977-88

1988-99

1999 onward

Contemporary Pakistan

Economic institutions and issues

Society and social structure

Ethnicity

Foreign policy of Pakistan and challenges

Futuristic outlook of Pakistan

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Amin, Tahir. (1999). Ethno-National Movement in Pakistan. Islamabad: Institute of

Policy Studies, Islamabad.

Burke,S.M and Ziring,Lawrence. (1993). Pakistan’s Foreign policy: An Historical

analysis. Karachi: Oxford University Press,

Mehmood, Safdar. (2001). Pakistan KayyunToota. Lahore: Idara-e-Saqafat-e-Islamia.

Club Road Press.

Mehmood, Safdar. (1994). Pakistan Political Roots & Development. Lahore.

Waseem ,Muhammad. (1987). Pakistan Under Martial Law. Lahore: Vanguard.

Zaidi,Akbar. S.( 2000). Issue in Pakistan’s Economy. Karachi: Oxford University

Press.

COURSE TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

COURSE CODE: CS-311

CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVE:

This course will enable students to understand different terms associated with computer and

will enable them to identify various components of computer system. Along with this the

course will also be helpful in understanding MS Office

COURSE CONTENTS:

Introduction:

Definitions and Importance of Computer

Basic Concepts of the Computer

Input and Output Devices

Classification of Computers

Functions of Computer

Storage Devices

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Software:

Concept of Software

Operating System

Programming and Application Software

Word Process and Document Handling:

Creating a Document

Composing Educational Documents

Internet Browsing

Plagiarism

Email

Spreadsheet (Excel):

Charts and Graphs

Sum/Subtractions/Multiplication/division

Sorting.

Database

Simulating and Modeling Change

PowerPoint:

Composing Presentations

Delivering Presentations

Data Communication:

The Internet: Browsers and Search Engines

Making and Opening Net ID

Email

E. Commerce

COURSE RECOMMANDED BOOKS:

Faden, P.D. and Vogel, RM. (2003). Methods of Teaching.Boston:Mc-GrawHills.

Norton, Peter. (2003).Introduction to Computers. New York:McGraw-HillBookCo.

Norton, P. and Spragu, D. (2001). Technology for Teaching.Boston: Allyn and

Bacon.

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COURSE TITLE: POLITICAL SYSTEMS-II (IRAN, TURKEY AND INDIA)


CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVE:

This course is designed to enable the students for a comparative study of the political system of

India, Iran and Turkey. This study will not only provide the students with basic knowledge about

the actual functioning these political systems, but also enable them to make a meaningful

comparison among any of the counties and find out the reason of malfunctioning if any.

COURSE OUTLINE

Constitution

Meaning, definition, historical background of Iranian Constitution

Constitution of 1979, its features and critical evaluation

Islamic Consultative Assembly,

Composition, Powers and Functions

Iran

Leader,Leadership Council Responsibilities

President of Iran, Council of Ministers Functions

Guardianship Council,

Structure and Functions, Judiciary of Iran

Political Parties in Iran

Turkey

Constitution of Turkey, Introduction, History, Ideology

Grand National Assembly, Election, Composition, Functions, Speaker of Assembly

National Security Council and Role of Army

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The Executive, President, Prime Minister, Council of Ministers, Power and Functions, Provincial

Councils

Judiciary in Turkey, Organization, Supreme Council of Judges, Audit Courts

INDIA

Meaning, Definition, Nature and Historical Background

Powers and Functions of President

Power and Functions of PM

Legislature

Political Parties and their Manifesto

Secularization

Structure and Functions of Judiciary

Recommended Books:

1. Delhi, Prentice-Hall, 11th edition, 1985. Ergun Ozbudun, Contemporary Turkish Politics:

Challenges toDemocratic Consolidation, Lynner: Lienner 2000.

2. Iqbal Ahmad (Ed.) The Islamic Revolution in Iran, Lahore, 1980. June Teufel Dreyer,

China's Political System: Modernization andTradition, Longman, 08-Feb-2011.

3. M.P Singh &Himanshu Roy Singh, Indian Political System, Manak Publishers, 2005.

4. RaiShakeel Akhtar, Turkey: In New World Perspective: A cultural-Historical Analysis,

Sang-e-Meel Publications Lahore,1995.

5. Robert L. Hardgrave, India: Government and Politics in a Developing Nation, New York:

Harcourt, Brace & World, 1970.

6. William A. Joseph, Politics in China: An Introduction, Oxford University Press, 2010.

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COURSE TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (IR)


CREDIT HOURS: 03

Course Objectives:

The course has been design to provide in-depth knowledge about the contemporary world and

nature of relationship among the states Viz-a-viz nations. The students will be able to see the world

with theoretical as well as practical perspectives.

Course Outlines

Introduction

Development of International Politics

Development of International Relations

Theories in International relations

Approaches to International Relations

The role of Power & National Interest;

International Relations & the Changing Contemporary World;

Nature, Scope, Method & Problems of International Relations

Characteristics (Concept) of International Relations

State

State System & Sovereignty

Nationalism

Nationalism in the past & Present

Concept of Collective Security

National Power & its Importance in the world

Concept of Balance of Power

Peace

Peace Thought Political Methods

Diplomacy and Negotiations

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Good offices and Third Party


Mediation and Recognition

Contemporary Issues

Environment & Gender

Sovereignty, Globalization & New Security Challenges

Nuclear Proliferation & Terrorism

Palestine,Kashmir

Recommended Books:

1. Beckman, Peter, World Politics in the 20th Century, New Jersey, Prentice Hall, 1984

2. Betts, Richard K. Conflict after cold war; Arguments on causes war & Peace, New York,

Macmllan Press, 1993

3. Brass, Paul. Ethnicity & Nationalism, Newbury Park, SAGE Publishers, 1992

4. Brilmayer, Lea, American Hegemony, Political Military in a one Super Power, new

Heaven, CT; Yale University Press, 1994

5. Herman, Charles F, et al (eds). New Direction in the study of Foreign Policy, Boston,

Allen & Unwin, 1987

6. Clinton, W.David, the two faces of National Interest, Baton Rouge, Louisiana state

University Press, 1994.

7. Faue, John R hina in the World Politics, Boulder, Western Press, 1980

8. Greenfeld, Liah, Nationalism: five road to modernity, Cambridge, MA: Harvard

University Press, 1992

9. Griffiths, Martin, Realism, Idealism & International Politics. New York, Routledge, 1995.

10. Guibernau, Montserrat, Nationalism, The Nation state & Nationalism in the 20th Century,

Cambridge, MA: Polity Press 1996.

11. Hoffmann, Stanley H. Contemporary Theory in International Relations,new Jersey,

Prentice Hall, 1960

12. Holsti, K.J; International Politics: A framework for Analysis, New Jersey, Prentice Hall,

1956.

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SECOND YEAR: THIRD SEMESTER

COURSE TITLE: ENGLISH III: ACADEMIC READING & WRITING


CREDIT HOURSS: 03

Course Description

This course aims at inculcating proficiency in academic writing through research. It guides

students to develop a well-argued and well documented academic paper with a clear thesis

statement, critical thinking, argumentation and synthesis of information. This course also

teaches students how to use different systems of citations and bibliography. It allows students

to become independent and efficient readers armed with appropriate skills and strategies for

reading and

Comprehending texts at undergraduate level.

Course Objectives

To enable the students to:

1. Improve literal understanding, interpretation & general assimilation, and integration of

knowledge

2. Write well organized academic texts including examination answers with topic/thesis

statement and supporting details.

3. Write argumentative essays and course assignments

Course Contents:

Reading and Critical Thinking

• Read academic texts effectively by

• Using appropriate strategies for extracting information and salient points according to a

given purpose

• Identifying the main points supporting details, conclusions in a text of intermediate level

• Identifying the writer’s intent such as cause and effect, reasons, comparison and contrast,

and exemplification

• Interpreting charts and diagrams

COURSE

CODE COURSE TITLE

Course Type CREDIT

HOURS

ELL-411 English III: Academic Reading and Writing Gen Ed 03

Social Sciences - II Gen Ed 03

Natural Sciences-II Gen Ed 03

POL-411 Political Economy of Pakistan Subject-Specific 03

POL- 412 Politics of South Asia Subject-Specific 03


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• Making appropriate notes using strategies such as mind maps, tables, lists, graphs.

• Reading and carrying out instructions for tasks, assignments and examination questions

• Enhance academic vocabulary using skills learnt in Compulsory English I course

• Acquire efficient dictionary skills such as locating guide words, entry words, choosing

appropriate definition, and identifying pronunciation through pronunciation key,

identifying part of speech, identifying syllable division and stress patterns

• Writing Academic Texts

Organization and development of effective compositions

• employ appropriate strategies for prewriting, drafting, revising, and editing as part of

the writing process

• compose coherent paragraphs, supporting central ideas with specific details

• Compose organized essays with genre-specific structure including thesis,

introduction, body, and conclusion.

• demonstrate control of key conventions of standard written English

• summarize a text objectively

• respond to a text subjectively

• analyze, synthesize, interpret, and evaluate information from multiple texts

• apply active reading strategies such as skimming, scanning, questioning, and

annotating

• develop vocabulary; choose correctly among different forms of related words;

evaluate differences in diction

Recommended Books:

• English Practice Grammar (New edition with tests and answers) by Eastwood, J. 2004.

Karachi: Oxford University Press.

• Fisher, A. 2001. Critical Thinking. C UP

• Critical Reading and Writing: An Introductory Course. By Goatly, A. 2000. London:

Taylor & Francis

• A Writer's Reference. 2nd Ed. By Hacker, D. 1992. Boston: St.

Martin's

• Study writing: A course in written English for academic and professional purposes. By

Hamp-Lyons, L. & Heasley, B. 1987. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

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• Oxford English for Undergraduates. By Howe, D. H, Kirkpatrick, T. A., & Kirkpatrick,

D. L. 2004. Karachi: Oxford University Press.

• Grammar in Use. By Murphy, R. 2003. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Write to be Read: Reading, Reflection and Writing. By Smazler, W. R. 1996. Cambridge:

Cambridge University Press.

• Study Skills. By Wallace, M. 1992. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Primary Texts: The Norton Field Guide to Writing, by Richard Bullock; or The St.

Martin’s Guide to Writing, by Rise Axelrod and Charles Cooper; or The Allyn and

Bacon Guide to Writing, by John Ramage and John Bean; or The Call to Write, by John

Trim

COURSE TITLE: POLITICAL ECONOMY OF PAKISTAN


CREDIT HOURS: 03

Objectives

The Fundamental purpose of this course is to provide a full understanding of the political economy

of the Pakistan. It offers the background discussion of Pakistan economic reforms along with the

politics. Then it takes into account the country’s political development in the context of economic

growth. The course is concluded with the impact of Pakistan economy on the global system.

COURSE OUTLINE

The evolution of Political Economy

Meaning and nature of Economic Development

Physical setting: geography and natural resources of Pakistan

Economic setting

Nature and level of economic development in pre and post independence era: A Comparison;

Social dimension of economic development;

Economic policy and development in the Ayub Era;

Economic policy and development since 1973;

Present status of economic development and the current five year plan;

xxix

Pace and policies of industrialization;

Policies of nationalization and privatization and their impact on the economic development of

Pakistan

The role of IMP, World Bank and Consortiums in the economic development of Pakistan;

The role of Agriculture sector in the economic growth of Pakistan

The NGOs; the concept and role in the economic and social uplift in the third world in general

and Pakistan in particular;

Meaning and importance of planning, study of different five years plan;

Recommended Books:

1. Adil, Akbar, Elements of economics and the Pakistan economy, Karachi, National Book

Foundation, 1976

2. Ahmad, Wiqar and Amjad Rashid, Management of Pakistan economy (1947-82),

Karachi, Oxford up, 1987

3. Altaf, Zafar, Risk and Uncertainty in industry in Pakistan, NY,Crom Helm, 1988

4. Bogehim Amiya Kumar, the political economy of under development in Pakistan.

London, Cambridge up, 1984.

5. Brecher, lrving and Abbas, S.A, Foreign Aid and Industrial Development in Pakistan,

London, Cambridge up, 1997.

6. Nadeem, Azhar Hassan. "Pakistan: The political economy of lawlessness." OUP

Catalogue (2002).

7. Easterly, William. "The political economy of growth without development: A case study of

Pakistan." Paper for the Analytical Narratives of Growth Project, Kennedy School of Government,

Harvard University (2001): 1-53.

8. Anwar, Mumtaz, and Katharina Michaelowa. "The political economy of US aid to

Pakistan." Review of Development Economics 10, no. 2 (2006): 195-209.

9. McCartney, Matthew. Pakistan-The political economy of growth, stagnation and the state, 1951-

2009. Vol. 103. Routledge, 2011.

10. Keefer, Philip, Ambar Narayan, and Tara Vishwanath. "The political economy of decentralization

in Pakistan." Development Research Group, World Bank, Washington, DC Processed (2003).

xxx

COURSE TITLE: POLITICS OF SOUTH ASIA


CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this course is to introduce you to the region of South Asia and Particularly to

conflict and cooperation in a dynamic and volatile region which contains two to the world nuclear

states ( India and Pakistan) and a rising power (India) and where some of the world most important

conflicts ( Kashmir, Afghanistan, Tibetan Plateau) are taking place.

Course Outlines

The Region of South Asia

Regional Sub-systems

International Relations Theories and South Asia

The Historical Formation of Modern South Asia

The Cold War in South Asia

Historical Legacies, Ideas and Beliefs

Interests, Power and Security

The Nuclear Race in South Asia

Bilateral Conflicts

Post 9/11 South Asia

The Rise of India

xxxi

SUGGESTED READINGS

1. S.PaulKapur, “ India and Pakistan unstable peace: Why nuclear South Asia is not like

Cold War Europe” International Security 30(2) Fall 2006, pp.127-152

2. Barnett Rubin, “Saving Afghanistan” Foreign Affairs 86(1) Jan/Feb 2007, pp.57-78.

3. William Thompson, “ The Regional Subsystem : a Conceptual explication and a

Propositional Inventory” International Studies Quarterly 17(1), 1973, pp.89-117.

4. Anaya Mukherjee Reed, “Regionalization in South Asia : Theory and Praxis” Pacific

Affairs 70(2), 1997, pp. 235-251.

5. Paul (ed), South Asia’s Weak States: Understanding the Regional Security Predicament,

Stanford University Press, 2010, pp.74-97.

6. Steven M.Walt, “ International Relations: One World, many Theories” Foreign Policy,

Spring 1998, pp.29-46

7. Salman, Salman MA, and KishorUprety. "Hydro-politics in South Asia: a comparative

analysis of the Mahakali and the Ganges Treaties." Natural Resources Journal (1999):

295-343.

8. Baxter, Craig, and Jonah Blank. South Asia in world politics. Rowman& Littlefield, 2005.

9. Flemes, Daniel, and Thorsten Wojczewski. "Contested leadership in international

relations: power politics in South America, South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa." South

Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa (February 4, 2010). GIGA Working Paper 121 (2010).

10. Hewitt, Vernon. The new international politics of South Asia. Manchester University

Press, 1997.

xxxii

SECOND YEAR: FOURTH SEMESTER

COURSE

CODE COURSE TITLE

Course Type CREDIT HOURS

Arts and Humanities-II Gen Ed 03

PHIL-312 QR-II(Logic and Quantitative Reasoning) Gen Ed 03

POL-421 Social Change and Political Development Subject-Specific 03

POL-422 Political Ideologies Subject-Specific 03

POL-423 Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution Subject-Specific 03

Internship General Non-Credit Hour

Entrepreneurship/Youth Club/ Sports General Non-Credit Hour


Arts and Humanities

I. Pashto, Urdu, Arabic, Turkish, Chinese or any other language

II. Islamic History and Culture, Philosophy, History, Education, Home Economics or any other

approved course of BKUC

Social science II

Political Science, Sociology, Psychology, Economics, Law, or any other approved Basic course of

BKUC

Natural Sciences II

Mathematics, Statistics, Botany, Zoology, Chemistry, Physics (or any other approved Basic Course

of BKUC)

xxxiii

COURSE TITLE: LOGIC & QUANTITATIVE REASONING

COURSE CODE: PHIL-312

CREDIT HOURS: 03

Course Contents

Basic Concept of Quantitative Reasoning:

Definition of Quantitative Reasoning

The logic of Quantitative Reasoning.

The scope of quantitative Logic

Propositions, Arguments in quantitative Reasoning

Conclusion-indicators and Premise-indicators

The Laws of Thought

Induction and Deduction in Quantitative Logic

Language and Quantitative Reasoning:

The basic uses of language

Discourse serving multiple functions

The forms of discourse

Kinds of agreement and disagreement

Quantitative Reasoning and Symbolic Logic:

Quantitative Reasoning and Symbolic Language

The symbols for Conjunction, Negation, and Disjunction

The precise meaning of Valid and Invalid

Testing arguments on Truth Table

Categorical Propositions and Quantitative Reasoning:

Classes and Categorical Propositions

The four kinds of Categorical Proposition

Quality, Quantity and Distribution

xxxiv

The traditional square of opposition

Obversion, Contraposition

Symbolism and Diagrams of Categorical Proposition

Quantitative Reasoning and Categorical Syllogism:

Standard form of Categorical Syllogism

The formal nature of Syllogistic arguments

Venn diagram technique for testing Syllogism

Syllogistic Rules and Fallacies

Exposition of the 15 Valid forms of Categorical Syllogism

Syllogistic Arguments

Dilemma

Disjunctive and Hypothetical Syllogism

Recommended Books:

2. Stewart, David and Blocker, Gene. H. (2006). Fundamentals of Philosophy. New

Delhi: Pearson Education.

3. Copi, Iring. M. And Cohen, Carl. (2009). Introduction to Logic. New Delhi:

Pearson Education.

Copi, Iring. M., Cohen, Carl. Jetli, Priyadarshi. and Prabhakar, Monica. (2009).Introduction

to Logic. New Delhi: Dorling Kindersley Pvt, Ltd

COURSE TITLE: SOCIAL CHANGE AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT


CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVES

COURSE OUTLINE

Political Theory: Definition, Types of Theories

Structural and Functional Analysis

Group Politics

Political Parties: Definition, Role inPolitical Development

Social Change

Elites in Politics

Class Politics and its Analysis

Ideologies and Political Development

xxxv

Leadership and Political Modernization

Revolution and Change

Violence and Terrorism in Politics

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. AviPlascov, Modernization, Political Development and Stability, England, Gower

Publishers, 1982.

2. Bill and Hardgrave, Comparative Politics: The Quest for a Theory, Ohio, Merrill, 1973.

3. Binder, Coleman and Others, Crises and Sequences in Political Development, Princeton,

Princeton University Press, 1971.

4. C E Black, the Dynamics of Modernization, New York, Harper and Row, 1996.

5. J.S. Nye, Corruption and Political Development: A Cost-Benefit Analysis, Published by:

American Politic Science Association, Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1953254.

6. David E Apter, The Politics of Modernization, Chicago, University of Chicago Press,

1965.

7. David Horton Smith et. al, Participation in Social and Political Activities, London

Publishers, 1980.

8. Edward Shils, Political Development in New Nations, The Hague, Mouton and Co., 1962.

9. Finkle and Gable (eds.) Political Development and Social Change, New

10. G. A. Almond and G B Powell, Comparative Politics Today: A World view, Boston,

Foreman and Co.1988. Haven, Yale University Press, 1968.

11. Lucian W Pye, Aspects of Political Development, Boston, Little Brown, 1962.

xxxvi

12. Myron Weiner and Samuel P Huntington, Understanding Political Development, Little,

Brown, 1987.

13. P Bacharach (ed.) Political Elites in a democracy, New York, 1971.

14. Samuel P Huntington, Political Order in Changing Societies, Yale University Press, 2006.

COURSE TITLE: POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES

COURSE CODE: POL 422

CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVES

This course seek to develop and understanding among the student about the leading world

ideologies that have been shaping the destiny of masses since countries. Students will be educated

about the characteristic of each of listed ideologies and their impact on state system, interstate

conflicts and co-operation.

COURSE OUTLINE

Introduction

Understanding Ideology, the role of ideas, Concept of Ideology

LIBERALISM

Origin and development the individual freedom, reason and justice.

Liberalism: toleration and diversity, liberalism, government and democracy, the liberal

state.

Liberalism: classical liberalism. Darwinism, utilitarianism, Natural rights theory.

Economic liberalism, neo liberalism

CONSERVATISM

Origin and development, authoritarian conservatism, paternalistic conservatism

.libertarian conservatism, conservatism in the 21st Century.

xxxvii

SOCIALISM

Origin and development, Community, Co-operation, equality, social class, revolutionary

socialism.

Evolutionary Socialism, Social Democracy, ethical socialism

MARXISM

The materialistic conception of history, the historical acts and the relation of production,

history as class conflict.

Property and division of mental and material labour.

Labour theory of value, the historical significance of working class.

FASCISM

Origin and Development, anti rationalism, Struggle, leadership and elitism

Fascism: Fascism and the state, fascism and racialism, fascism in the 21st Century.

FEMINISM

Origin and development, theories and movements, Feminism in 21st century.

SUGGESTED READING

Heywood, Andrew, Political Ideologies: An Introduction. Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.

Festenstein, Mathew and Michael Kenny, Political Ideologies; A leader and Gudie.

Oxford University Press, 2005.

Eatwell, Roger and Anthony Wright. Contemporary Political Ideologies. Continuum

International Publishers .2000.

Hoffman John and Paul Graham. Introduction to Political Ideologies. Longman, 2006.

Charles, Nickie, and Helen Hintjens, eds. Gender, ethnicity and political ideologies.

Routledge, 2002.

Kellner, Douglas. Critical theory, Marxism, and modernity. Cambridge: Polity Press,

1989.

Anderson, Perry. Considerations on western Marxism. Verso Books, 2016.

xxxviii

Lyttelton, Adrian. The seizure of power: fascism in Italy, 1919-1929. Routledge, 2004.

Snowden, Frank M. "On the social origins of agrarian fascism in Italy." European

Journal of Sociology/Archives Européennes de Sociologie 13, no. 2 (1972): 268-295.

Phillips, Anne, ed. Feminism and politics. Oxford University Press on Demand, 1998.

Cott, Nancy F. The grounding of modern feminism. Yale University Press, 1987.

COURSE TITLE: PEACE STUDIES & CONFLICT RESOLUTION


CREDIT HOURS: 03 .

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

Familiarize students with conflict theories, terminology and intervention strategies; Help

students think critically and systematically about various types of conflicts; Increase

understanding of different approaches to analyzing and resolving conflicts in a variety of

contexts; examine particular conflicts, their conditions, dynamics, stakeholders, and conflict

resolution efforts.

COURSE OUTLINE:

Peace; definition, philosophy and met psychology

Peace by peaceful conflict transformation

Peace Studies and Peace Politics

Conflict

Definition and Types of conflict

Conflict Prevention, management, transformation and resolution

Sources of Conflict

Case Studies

Theories of Conflict Management

Approaches to Conflict Management

Conflict Management Dynamics, Skills and Strategies

Elements of the CM Process

Gender & CM

HR and CM

Nuclear Programs and Conflict Management in Indian Subcontinent

The spirit of war and the spirit of peace Understanding the role of religion

xxxix

Former Yugoslavia and Iraq: a comparative analysis of international conflict

mismanagement

SUGGESTED READINGS

Webel, Charles &Gatlung , Johan. (2007). A Handbook of Peace and Conflict Studies.

New York: Routledge , pp. 1 – 35, 319 – 333, 397 – 400

Lederach, John Paul. (1997). Building Peace: Sustainable Reconciliation in Divided

Societies. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press.

Ramsbotham, O. et al. (2005). Contemporary Conflict Resolution (2nd ed). Oxford:

Polity Press.

Barash, D. and Webel, C. (2002) Peace and Conflict Studies, Thousand Oaks, CA:

Sage.

Christie, D., Wagner, R. and Winter, D. (2001) Peace, Conflict, and Violence: Peace

Psychology in the 21st Century, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Webel, C. (2004) Terror, Terrorism, and the Human Condition, New York: Palgrave

Macmillan.

xl

SEMESTER -V

S.

No

TITLE OF COURSES COURSE

CODE

CREDIT

HOURS

CUMMULATIVE

CREDIT HOURS

24 Western Political Philosophy (Ancient &

Medieval)

POL-511 03 66

25 Muslim Political Philosophy (Ancient &

Medieval)

POL-512 03 69

26 International Relations before 1945 POL-513 03 72

27 Political and Constitutional Development in

Pakistan

POL-514 03 75

28 International Political Economy POL-515 03 78

TOTAL 18 78

xli

COURSE TITLE: WESTERN POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY (ANCIENT & MEDIVAL)


CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVES

This course is designed to make the students aware of the Western political thoughts of various

renowned scholars of the past. This will help them in understanding the philosophical aspects

of the discipline and guide them to formulate their thinking on modern lines.

COURSE OUTLINE

Plato:

Justice, Education,

Communism, Ideal state, the decline of ideal state.

Aristotle:

Origin, nature, ends and classification of states,

Causes of revolution in state, property & citizenship

Machiavelli:

Human nature, Classification of government, Theory of Moral Indifferences

Diplomacy, Power politics, Impacts on later political thought

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

xlii

1. Ali. Shaukat. Masters of Western Political Thought, Lahore. 1985.

2. AllamaIqbal, Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam,

Lahore:SheikhGhulam Ali & Sons.

3. Barker, Earnest. Greek Political Theories: Plato. Aristotle London,1964.Ali,

Shariati, Sociology in Islam, Iran, 1983.

4. Ali, Shaukat. Masters of the Muslim Political Thought, Lahore. 1988.

5. Quinton, Anthony Meredith. "An Introduction to Political Philosophy." (1955).

6. Lane, Melissa. "Ancient political philosophy." (2010).

7. Santas, Gerasimos. "Goodness and justice: Plato, Aristotle and the moderns."

(2001).

8. Voegelin, Eric, and Dante Germino. "Order and History, Volume 3: Plato and

Aristotle." (1999).

9. Bambrough, Renford, and Susanne Bobzien. "The philosophy of Aristotle."

(2011).

COURSE TITLE: MUSLIM POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY (ANCIENT &

MEDIEVAL)

COURSE CODE: POL- 512

CREDIT HOURS: 03

Course Objectives

This course is designed to make the students aware of the Islamic Polity and political thoughts

of various renowned scholars of the past. This will help them in understanding the

philosophical aspects of the discipline and guide them to formulate their thinking on modern

lines.

Contents

1. Political Concepts and Institutions in Islam

a. Khilafat

b. Shura

c. Justice (Adle)

d. Sovereignty

e. Equality

f. Status of Minorities in Islamic State

2. Muslim Political Thinkers

a. Al-Mawardi

b. Al-Farabi

c. Al-Ghazali

d. Ibn-e-Taymia

e. Ibn-e-Khaldun

xliii

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. M.M Sharief, History of Muslim Philosophy, Lahore, Sag-e-Meel Publication, Latest

Edition

2. Haroon Khan Sherwani, Muslim Political Thought & Administration, Lahore, ashraf

Publications, 1962.

3. E. J. Rosenthal, Political Thought in Medieval Islam, Oxford University Press, 1967.

4. MuqademaIbn-e-Khaldoon (Urdu Translation)

5. IbneTaymiya, SiyastuShariya (Urdu Traranslation)

6. Faksh, Mahmud A. "Theories of state in Islamic political thought." Journal of South

Asian and Middle Eastern Studies 6, no. 3 (1983): 62.

7. Hamid, EltiganiAbdulqadir. "Al-Mawardi's Theory of State-Some Ignored

Dimensions." American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 18, no. 4 (2001): 1-18.

8. Treiger, Alexander. Inspired knowledge in Islamic thought: al-Ghazali's theory of

mystical cognition and its Avicennian foundation. Routledge, 2011.

9. Budur, Taylan. "The impact of Al-Ghazali’s virtues on organizational commitment and

performance: A case Study at private education institutions in Kurdistan Region of

Iraq." Icabep, Erbil-Iraq 2 (2018): p21.

10. Halim, Asyqin Abdul, MohdRoslanMohd Noor, Ahmad ZakiBerahim Ibrahim, and F.

A. F. A. Hamid. "IbnKhaldun’s Theory of ‘Asabiyyah and its application in modern

Muslim society." Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 11, no. 9 (2012): 1232-

1237.

xliv

COURSE TITLE: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS BEFORE 1945


CREDIT HOURS: 03

Course Objective

International Relation since 1945 is an analytical study of the events that happened

before the year 1945. It includes many topics, which are of great importance for students’

understanding of international politics. It would also help in linking the current politics with

the events in the past. The course would help them improve analytical skills of the students and

would help broaden their mental horizon, which in turn would help them understand the politics

that prevail in the country and its relations with current international politics.

COURSE CONTENTS

Introduction to International Relations

Italian Unification

German Unification

WWI-Cause and Consequences

International Politics from 1919-1930

International Politics from 1919-1930

Treaty of Versailles

League of Nations

xlv

Rise of Fascism in Italy

Rise of Nazism in Germany

World war II-Cause and Consequences

End of the world war

Formation of U.N

Origin of the Cold War

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. Paul Kennedy. The Rise and Fall of Great Powers. London: Fontana Press, 1988.

2. Henry Kissinger. Diplomacy. New york: Simon and Shuster, 1994

3. Richard L. Greeves, et.al. Civilizations of the World. New York: Harper and Row

Publishers. 1990.

4. Donald Kegan et.al. The Western Heritage New york: Mcmillan Publishing

Company, 1987.

5. Long, David, and Brian C. Schmidt, eds. Imperialism and internationalism in the

discipline of international relations. SUNY Press, 2005.

6. Schmidt, Brian C. Political Discourse of Anarchy, The: A Disciplinary History of

International Relations. Suny Press, 2016.

7. Roelcke, Volker, Paul Weindling, and Louise Westwood, eds. International Relations

in Psychiatry: Britain, Germany, and the United States to World War II. Vol. 15.

University Rochester Press, 2010.

8. Elliott, David L. "International Relations." The Wiley‐Blackwell Encyclopedia of

Globalization (2012).

9. Wallace, William. "Truth and power, monks and technocrats: theory and practice in

international relations." (1996): 301-321.

10. Nye, Joseph S. Understanding international conflicts. New York, NY: Longman,

2008.

11. Gray, Colin S. War, peace and international relations: an introduction to strategic

history. Routledge, 2013.

xlvi

COURSE TITLE: POLITICAL &CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS IN

PAKISTAN

COURSE CODE: POL. 514

CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

This course is designed to equip the students about political and constitutional dynamics in the

history of Pakistan since 1947.It deals with the constitution making process and highlights the

role of political parties in shaping and reshaping the political system of Pakistan.

COURSE OUTLINE

Government of India Act 1935, as amended and adopted after 1947

Constitution Making from 1947 to 1956

A Comparative Study of the Constitutions of 1956 and 1962

The Constitution of 1973 with amendments and Provisional Constitutional Orders

Constitutional Problems of Pakistan

Constitutional Amendments under Zia

Constitutional Amendments under Musharraf

Constitutional Reform after 2008, 18th& 19th Amendments

Restoration of Democracy 1988 – 1999

Democratic Institutions

xlvii

Role of Judiciary in Political Stability

Role of Judiciary in constitutional development

Future Prospects

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. Khan, Hamid, Constitutional Developments in Pakistan, Lahore: Oxford University

Press, 2002.

2. Rizvi, H.A., Military and Politics in Pakistan, Progressive Publisher, Lahore: 1988.

3. Mahmood, Safdar. Pakistan Political Roots & Development, Karachi: 1947 – 99,

Oxford University Press, 2000.

4. Ziring, Lawrence, Pakistan in the Twentieth Century, Oxford University Press, 1997.

5. Binder, Leonard. Religion and politics in Pakistan. Univ of California Press, 1963.

6. Ziring, Lawrence. Pakistan Enigma Political Development. Routledge, 2019.

7. Malik, Iftikhar. State and civil society in Pakistan: Politics of authority, ideology and

ethnicity. Springer, 1996.

8. Ali, ShaheenSardar, and JavaidRehman. Indigenous peoples and ethnic minorities of

Pakistan: constitutional and legal perspectives. Routledge, 2013.

9. Blood, Peter R. Pakistan: a country study. DIANE Publishing, 1996.

10. Naseer, Sajjad, and Nepal Kathmandu. "Federalism and Constitutional Development in

Pakistan." Lahore School of Economics, Pakistan (2007).

xlviii

COURSE TITLE INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY


CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVE

As politics and economic all inter related political scientist has to study economic and the

economist has to study politics int. political economy helps students to understand:

The various approaches of international political economy.

Role of state in international political economy.

The international monetary and financial institutions and their impact on regional and

global economy.

COURSE CONTENTS

The Nature of Political Economy:

Relationship between Politics and economics.

Approach to political economy

Economic coercion, types of economic coercion.

Distribution of wealth and economic activities.

National autonomy, the politics of international regimes. Theory of Hegemonic

stability, governance of the global economy.

The Trading System:

The debate over free trade, trade and the economy.

xlix

Revision of conventional trade theory. Postwar trade regime.

The Uruguay round and WTO

New threats to open trading system. The state and economic development, the rise

and demise of development economics,

The debt crisis and structural adjustment. Theory of developmental state, the future of

developmental state.

International Economic Institutions

IMF, World bank

The International monetary system, the postwar international monetary system, the

financial revolution and monetary affairs.

Devising an international monetary system, reform of international monetary system.

Unity of monetary system embedded technical and political issues.

The state and MNC’s

The MNC’s international economy, debate over MNC’s and nation state.

SUGGESTED READING:

1. Anderson Kym and Richard Black Hurst. Regional Integration and the Global

Trading System, New York: Harvester Wheatheal, 1993.

2. Arrighi, Liovanni. The Long 20th Century: Money, Power and the Origin of our times.

London: Verso, 1994.

3. Robert Gilpin. Global Political Economy. Hyderabad: Orient Blackswan, 2003.

4. Hettne, Björn. "Development theory and the three worlds: towards an international

political economy of development." (1995).

5. Agnew, John, and Stuart Crobridge. Mastering space: hegemony, territory and

international political economy. Routledge, 2002.

6. Simmons, Beth A., and Zachary Elkins. "The globalization of liberalization: Policy

diffusion in the international political economy." American political science

review (2004): 171-189.

7. Frieden, Jeffry A., and David A. Lake. International political economy: perspectives

on global power and wealth. Routledge, 2002.

8. Skidmore, David, and Thomas Lairson. International political economy: The struggle

for power and wealth. Thomson/Wadsworth, 2003.

9. Conybeare, John AC. "Public goods, prisoners' dilemmas and the international

political economy." International Studies Quarterly 28, no. 1 (1984): 5-22.

l

10. Farrell, Henry, and Abraham L. Newman. "Making global markets: Historical

institutionalism in international political economy." Review of International Political

Economy 17, no. 4 (2010): 609-638.

SEMESTER -VI

S. No TITLE OF COURSES COURSE

CODE

CREDIT

HOURS

CUMMULAT

IVE CREDIT

HOURS

29 Politics of Central Asia POL-521 03 81

30 Public Policy Analysis POL-522 03 84

31 History of International Relations since 1945 POL-523 03 87

32 Politics of Globalization POL-524 03 91

33 Research Methodology POL-525 03 94

34 Principles of Public Administration POL-526 03 97

TOTAL 18 97

li

COURSE TITLE: POLITICS OF CENTRAL ASIA


CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVE

The main purpose of this course is to provide an understanding of the political Developments

in Central Asia both during the Soviet and post-Soviet Period. It evaluates the concepts of

Central Asia as a region, discussing the specificity of each of the five independent Central

Asian Republics and relationship among the major ethnic group. It also focuses on the

contemporary issues of terrorism, human rights and national security as well as reconfiguration

of Central Asia’s relationship with the outside world particularly with the USA, Russia, China,

Afghanistan and Magnolia.

COURSE OUTLINES

Introduction

Central Asia in Regional Setting

Inner Asian Dimension of Central Asia

Specificity of Central Asian Republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan,

Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Azerbaijan

Central Asia during Soviet Period

October Revolution and Establishment of Soviet Power in Central Asia

Soviet Nationalities Policy and Formation of Soviet central Asia

Socio-Cultural Change and modernization during Soviet Period

Post-Soviet Developments in Central Asia

Disintegration of the USSR and emergence of CARs

lii

Nation Building and Problem of Transition

Ethnicity, Religion and Politics of Identity

Government Structures and Political Institutions

Structure and Dynamics of Parliamentary Politics

Reforms and Democratization Process

Political parties, Pressure Groups, Civil society and Press

Electoral Process and Presidential Powers

Contemporary issues and Regional Initiatives

Terrorism, Human Rights and national security Issues

Reconfiguration of Central Asia’s Relationship with the Outside the World

Regional Organizations in Central Asia

RECOMMENDED READING:

1. Ahrens, Joachim and Herman W.Heon, eds. (2012), Institutional Reform in Central

Asia: Politico-Economic Challenges, London: Routledge.

2. Akiner, Shirin(2002), Islam in Post-Soviet Central Asia: Contested Territory,

Hamburg: German Oriental Institute.

3. Allison, Roy, ed. (2001), Central Asian Security: The New International Context,

London: Royal Institute of International Affairs.

4. Allworth, Edward, ed. (1994), Central Asia: 130 years of Russian Dominance, Durham.

5. Bedeski, Robert and Niklasswanstrom, eds. (2012), Eurasia’s Ascent in Energy and

Geopolitics.

6. Rivalry or Partnership for China, Russia, and Central Asia? London: Routledge.

7. Beisinger , M. (2002) , Nationalist Mobilization and the Collapse of the Soviet State,

Cambridge.

8. Ahrens, J., &Hoen, H. W. (Eds.). (2013). Institutional reform in Central Asia:

politico-economic challenges (Vol. 27). Routledge.

9. Javaid, P. D. U., & Rashid, A. (2020). Oil and gas potentials of central asian republics

and relations with pakistan. South Asian Studies, 30(1).

10. Baumann, R. F. (2018). A Central Asian Perspective on Russian Soft Power: The

View from Tashkent. Military Review, 98(4), 48.

11. Dagiev, D. (2013). Regime transition in Central Asia: Stateness, nationalism and

political change in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan (Vol. 4). Routledge.

12. Akyildiz, S., & Carlson, R. (Eds.). (2013). Social and cultural change in Central Asia:

the Soviet legacy. Routledge.

13. Wooden, A. E., &Stefes, C. H. (Eds.). (2009). The Politics of Transition in Central

Asia and the Caucasus: Enduring legacies and emerging challenges. Routledge.

14. Bradshaw, M., Flower, A., Fridley, D., Joshi, S., Jung, N., Ledesma, D., &Wook-

Paik, K. (2008). Natural gas in Asia: the challenges of growth in China, India, Japan

and Korea. OUP Catalogue.

15. De Danieli, F. (2014). Beyond the drug-terror nexus: Drug trafficking and state-crime

relations in Central Asia. International Journal of Drug Policy, 25(6), 1235-1240.

liii

16. Agarwala, R. (2006). Towards comprehensive economic co-operation between India

and Central Asian republics (No. 22078). East Asian Bureau of Economic Research.

17. Menon, R. (1995). In the shadow of the bear: Security in post-Soviet Central Asia.

International Security, 20(1), 149-181.

18. Ziegler, C. E. (2010). Civil society, political stability, and state power in Central Asia:

cooperation and contestation. Democratization, 17(5), 795-825.

19. Babu, S. C., &Tashmatov, A. (1999). Attaining food security in Central Asia—

emerging issues and challenges for policy research. Food Policy, 24(4), 357-362.

20. Kantarci, K. (2007). Perceptions of foreign investors on the tourism market in central

Asia including Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan. Tourism

Management, 28(3), 820-829.

21. Clark, A. L., & Naito, K. (1998). Risks and opportunities for foreign investment in the

mineral sectors of the Central Asian Republics: Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan

and Uzbekistan. Resources Policy, 24(2), 105-114.

22. Isaacs, R. (2020). The Role of Party Interest Articulation in the Personalist-

Authoritarian Regimes of the Central Asian Republics of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan,

and Tajikistan. Problems of Post-Communism, 67(4-5), 375-387.

23. Reeves, M. (Ed.). (2013). Movement, power and place in Central Asia and beyond:

Contested trajectories. Routledge.

24. Steven, S. (2008). International terrorism and Central Asia: premature assessments.

Central Asia and the Caucasus, (5 (53).

liv

COURSE TITLE: PUBLIC POLICY ANALYSIS


CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVE:

This course is designed to provide students with an understanding of the complexity of

making public policy as well as perspective on implementing, evaluating and adopting policies

to reach collective goals.

COURSE CONTENTS

Public Policy

Definition, Nature, Scope and Significance

Theories/Models of public Policy

Institutionalism, Process Model, Rationale Choice

Models

Group Theory

Elitism

Public choice

Game Theory

Public Policy Design & Policy Formulation

Implementation Tool Choices

Taxonomies and Models

lv

Contemporary Concepts of Instrumental Choice

Organizational implementation Tools

Authoritative Implementation Tools

Financial Implementation Tools

Information-based implementation Tools

Policy Designs & Governance

Public Policy in Pakistan

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Anderson James, Public Policy Making. New York 1979

2. BernarGladieux, Reorientation of Pakistan Government for National Development

(Karachi)

3. Charles E. Jacob. Policy and Bureaucracy (1973)

4. Dr. Manzoor-U-Din Ahmad, Islamic Political system in Modern age, Theory and

Practice, Karachi , 1994.

5. Charles E. Jacob. Policy and Bureaucracy and Practice (1958)

6. Dunn, William N. Public policy analysis. Routledge, 2015.

7. Knoepfel, Peter, Corinne Larrue, Michael Hill, and FrédéricVarone. Public policy

analysis. Policy Press, 2011.

8. Jenkins-Smith, Hank C. "Democratic politics and policy analysis." (1990): 484508.

9. Fischer, Frank, and Herbert Gottweis, eds. The argumentative turn revisited: Public

policy as communicative practice. Duke University Press, 2012.

10. John, Peter. Analyzing public policy. Routledge, 2013.

lvi

COURSE TITLE: INTERNATIONAL RELATION SINCE 1945

COURSE CODE: POL. 523

CREDIT HOURS: 03

Course Objectives:

International Relation since 1945 is an analytical study of the events that happened

before and after the year 1945. It includes many topics, which are of great importance for

students’ understanding of international politics. It would also help in linking the current

politics with the events in the past. The course would help them improve analytical skills of

the students and would help broaden their mental horizon, which in turn would help them

understand the politics that prevail in the country and its relations with current international

politics.

COURSE OUTLINE

General Introduction to International Politics, Italian Unification

German Unification and the Subsequent Alliance Formation till 1907, WWI-Cause and

Consequences

Treaty of Versailles and the L.O.N, Rise of Fascism in Italy

Rise of Nazism in Germany, World war II-Cause and Consequences

lvii

End of the world war and the Formation of U.N, Origin of the Cold War

Truman Doctrine, Marshal Plan and The Berlin Blockade

Decolonization in Asia, Suez Canal crisis

Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam War, European Integration

Détente-U.S-USSR, US-China, Carter’s Doctrine

Reagan’s Doctrine and Star Wars, Kosovo War / Oslo accord

9/11 and International Politics, Bush Doctrine 2003

Obama’s Rise to power

Current International Politics

BOOKS & READINGS

1. McCourt, David M. Britain and World Power since 1945: Constructing a nation's role

in international politics. University of Michigan Press, 2014.

2. Van Munster, Rens, and Casper Sylvest, eds. The politics of globality since 1945:

Assembling the planet. Routledge, 2016.

3. Lundestad, Geir. East, West, North, South: International Relations since 1945. Sage,

2014.

4. Dichter, Heather L., and Andrew L. Johns, eds. Diplomatic games: Sport, statecraft,

and international relations since 1945. University Press of Kentucky, 2014.

5. Scammell, William M. The international economy since 1945. Macmillan International

Higher Education, 1983.

6. Little, Douglas. American orientalism: the United States and the Middle East since

1945. Univ of North Carolina Press, 2008.

7. Roberts, Adam, and Dominik Zaum. Selective Security: War and the United Nations

Security Council since 1945. Routledge, 2013.

lviii

COURSE TITLE: POLITICS OF GLOBALIZATION


CREDIT HOUR: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVE:

The world has shown rapid changes in the last half and the beginning of this century. One of

the glaring examples of these changes is the phenomenon of globalization. This course will

focus on the impact of this development on the world politics. It will highlight the factors that

contributed to this development and cover future prospects as well.

COURSE OUTLINES

Introduction, course organization, course themes

The Economic crisis

The crisis of Banking and the Real Economy (2008-9)

The Euro Zone Sovereign Debt Crisis-2010 and Beyond

Globalization and Capitalism: History, ideas, Democracy

Globalization, Regionalization and the Case of the Europe

Regulating Globalization and capitalism in international setting

Business Lobbying, Corporate Governance and state Regulation

Globalization of Finance and Housing

lix

Globalization of Trade, Firms, Jobs and Executive Pay

The Internationalization of Trade and Multinational Firms

The Offshoring of Jobs

The Rise in Executive pay

Changes in National Economic Practices

Britain, France and Germany

Sweden, Japan and the United States

The Impact of Globalization on Labour, Health Welfare and Inequality

Change in Labour and welfare Policy

Changes in Health Policy and Inequality

Conclusion: Explaining the transformation in capitalism

Globalization and its impact on the Politics of Pakistan

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Adil, Akbar, Elements of Economics and the Pakistan Economy, Karachi, National

Book Foundation, 1976.

2. Ahmad, Waqar and Amjed Rashid, Management of Pakistan economy (1947-82),

Karachi Oxford, 1987.

3. Altaf, zafar, Risk and uncertainty in Industry in Pakistan, NY, Crom Helm, 1988.

4. Bogehim Amiya Kumar, The Political economy of Under Development in Pakistan,

London, Cambridge 1984.

5. DeNardis, Laura. Protocol politics: The globalization of Internet governance. Mit

Press, 2009.

6. Kelly, Philip F. "The geographies and politics of globalization." Progress in Human

Geography 23, no. 3 (1999): 379-400.

7. Deacon, Bob. "Eastern European welfare states: the impact of the politics of

globalization." Journal of European social policy 10, no. 2 (2000): 146-161.

lx

8. Anghie, Antony, BhupinderChimni, Karin Mickelson, and ObioraChineduOkafor. The

third world and international order: Law, politics, and globalization.

MartinusNijhoff, 2003.

9. Cardoso, Fernando Henrique. Charting a new course: the politics of globalization and

social transformation. Rowman& Littlefield, 2001.

10. Cohen, Edward S. The politics of globalization in the United States. Georgetown

University Press, 2001.

COURSE TITLE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY


CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVE

The course is designed to familiarize students with the importance of research and to make

them aware of the objectives of this important course in social sciences. It gives them an

in-depth knowledge of the types of research methods and tools to conduct research. At the

end of the course, they will utilize the theoretical knowledge to write a research proposal

on modern lines.

COURSE OUTLINE

Research, its importance, kinds & steps involved in research;

Expression of knowledge Hypothesis, formulation & testing, concept, theories, law,

facts & generalization;

Techniques of data collection, Observation, Questionnaires,

Interview& scrutiny of documents;

Approaches: Normative, Empirical,

lxi

Disciplinary, Inter Disciplinary, Behavioral Approaches

Methods: Comparative, Analytical,

Deductive\ Inductive, Qualitative ,Quantitative, Scientific

Seminar

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Beverly R. Dixon, A Handbook of Social Sciences Research, London Oxford

University Press, 1987

2. Buttolpa Johnson Janet and Rechard A. Joslyn, Political research Methods, Englewood

Cliffs, Prentice Hall, 1986.

3. C. R. Kothari, Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques, New Delhi, Wiley

Eastern Ltd., 1985.

4. W. G. Goode and P. K. Hatt (Eds) Methods in Social Research, New York, McGraw-

Hill, 1952.

5. Margrate Stacey, Methods of Social Research, New York, Pregmon Press, 1969.

lxii

COURSE TITLE: PRINCIPLES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION


CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

The objective of the course is to equip students with knowledge about the fundamentals of

public administration and the prerequisites of an effective administration. It will inculcate

the skill of efficient administration in the students. It will enable them to discharge their

duties in the future in their practical life

COURSE OUTLINE

Public Administration; Definition and Scope of Public Administration

Difference between Public and Private Administration, Development and Techniques

in Public Administration , Administrative Ads and Mechanization

Rise of Big Government, Expansion of Public Sector, Objectives of Government

Bureaucracy, Concept, Nature, and functions,

Max Weber’s Ideal Type of Bureaucracy, Criticism and Changing view of

Bureaucracy

Leadership: Meaning, Kinds, Nature and Functions

Decision-Making: Process, Barrier to Rational Choice, Basis of Administrative

Authority

Communication: Meaning, Types, Channels, Feed Back system

Administrative Responsibility: Legislative, Executive and Judicial Control,

Ombudsman

Planning: Meaning, Kinds, Principles, Rationale, Planning Machinery

Organization: Meaning, Nature, Types, Principles and Theories of Organization

Control and Coordination: Meaning, Forms, Mechanism, Principles and Process of

Controlling and Controlling

Personnel Administration: Nature, Scope, Techniques and Functions of Personnel

Administration

Financial Administration: Budgeting, Auditing, Accounts, Importance of Financial

Administrations

lxiii

Public Relations and its Importance for Administration

Administrative Structure of Pakistan: Nature, Organization and Management Process

at the Centre and in the Provinces

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. Moe, Ronald C., and Robert S. Gilmour. "Rediscovering principles of public

administration: The neglected foundation of public law." Public Administration

Review (1995): 135-146.

2. Scholz, John T., and B. Dan Wood. "Controlling the IRS: Principals, principles,

and public administration." American Journal of Political Science (1998): 141-

162.

3. Macaulay, Michael, and Alan Lawton. "From virtue to competence: Changing the

principles of public service." Public Administration Review 66, no. 5 (2006): 702-710.

4. Dahl, Robert A. "The science of public administration: Three problems." Public

administration review 7, no. 1 (1947): 1-11.

5. Anessi Pessina, Eugenio. Principles of public management. Egea, 2002.

6. Hanlon, John J. "Principles of public health administration." Academic Medicine 39, no.

9 (1964): 867.

7. Dimock and Dimock, Public Administration

8. Niegro and Niegro Public Administration

9. Pfifner, J.M. Public Administration, New York: 1986.

10. Rizvi, S.A. Nazmiat E. Aams, (Urdu) Maktaba-e-Faridi, Karachi: 1982.

11. Shaikh, H. Public Administration, Kifayat Academy, Karachi 1985.

lxiv

SEMESTER -VII


CODE

CREDIT

HOURS

CUMMULATIVE

CREDIT HOURS

35 Western Political Philosophy (Modern) POL-611 03 100

36 Foreign Policy of Pakistan POL-612 03 103

37 History of Political Developments in

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

POL-613 03 106

39 Political Parties and Interest Groups POL-614 03 109

40 Foreign Policy Analysis POL-615 03 112

TOTAL 15 112

lxv

COURSE TITLE: WESTERN POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY (MODERN)


CREDIT HOURS: 03

Course Objective

This course is continuation of “Western Political Philosophy-1”. It is designed to

provide further understanding among the students regarding an evolution of Western Political

Thoughts in medieval and modern period. It deals with the Political Philosophy of the most

representative thinkers of major political movements.

COURSE CONTENTS

Thomas Hobbes, Introduction, Human Nature, State of Nature.

Hobbes on sovereignty, Law of Nature

Social Contract Theory of Hobbes, Introduction to Philosophy of Jhon Locke.

Individualism in Locke, Human Nature.

State of Nature, Law of Nature

Secularism, Locke on Revolution

Labour theory of value, Concept of Government

Jeremy Bentham, Introduction, Utilitarianism

Feature of Utilitarianism, Criticism of Utilitarianism

Prison Reform, National Rights, Duties, Law.

Concept of Punishment, Sovereignty.

JhonStuact Mill, Theory of liberty, Representative Government

H.J.Laski, Concept of state, theory of Sovereignty.

Concept of Rights, Theory of liberty.

Safeguard of liberty

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. Bertrand Russel, A History of Western Philosophy, London Allen and Unwin,1957

2. D.R. Bhanddari, History of European Political thought, New Delhi, 1962

3. Gjudd, Harmon, Political thought: From Plato to the present, London, McGraw Hill,

1964

4. Stewart, Robert M. "Readings in social and political philosophy." (1996).

5. Kenny, Anthony. "The rise of modern philosophy." (2006).

lxvi

6. Euben, Roxanne L. Enemy in the mirror: Islamic fundamentalism and the limits of

modern rationalism: a work of comparative political theory. Princeton University

Press, 1999.

7. Locke, John. The Works of John Locke. Vol. 6. T. Longman, B. Law, 1794.

8. Dunn, John. The Political Thought of John Locke: An historical account of the

argument of the'Two Treatises of Government'. Cambridge University Press, 1982.

9. Laski, Harold J. Studies in the Problem of Sovereignty (Works of Harold J. Laski).

Routledge, 2014.

10. Laski, Harold J. Liberty in the Modern State (Works of Harold J. Laski). Routledge,

2014.

lxvii

COURSE TITLE: FOREIGN POLICY OF PAKISTAN


CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

This course is designed to provide an in-depth knowledge of the Foreign Policy of Pakistan. It

covers the determinants, objectives, formulation process, different model of F.P and an analysis

of various policy choices in different eras since 1947.

COURSE OUTLINE

Foreign policy aims objectives and determinants,1947-53: Exploration and Friendship

with All

Foundations of the Foreign Policy, Relations with India

Relations with Afghanistan, Security Imperatives, Relations with U.S.A. and U.S.S.R.,

Relations with Muslim Countries

1953-62: Alignment with the West, Alignment with the West, Mutual Defense

Assistance Agreement SEATO

The Baghdad Pact / CENTO, Defense and Economic Assistance from the U.S.

Cost of Alignment with the West, Relations with China

1962-71: Transition, Rethinking about the Alignment PolicyImproving Relations with

the Soviet Union

Improving Relations with China

Diminishing Ties with the U.S., Pluralistic Perspective

Relations with India, Crisis in East Pakistan and International Response

1972-79: Bilateralism and Nonalignment, Pak-India Relations: towards improvement

Strengthening of Ties with Major Powers, Nuclear Technology and Relations with the

U.S.

Pakistan and the Muslim World

1980-90: Afghanistan and Partnership with the United States, Soviet Invasion of

Afghanistan, Revival of Pakistan-U.S. Relations, 1980Pakistan-China Relations,

Pakistan and the OIC, Pakistan-India: a policy of Dialogues, The Geneva Accords on

Afghanistan, Post-withdrawal Problems

1990-2001: Post Cold War Era and Pakistan's Dilemmas, Another Drift in Pak-US

Relations, Continuation of the Afghanistan Problem, Insurgency in Kashmir, Going

Nuclear.

2001Onwards: Counter Terrorism, September 11 and Fight Against Terrorism

Increased U.S. Support, Détente with India, Pakistan's Relations with China and Russia,

Muslim World and Pakistan, Transfer of Nuclear Technology

lxviii

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Alastair Lamb, Kashmir: A Disputed Legacy, 1946-1990, Karachi:

2. Oxford University Press, 1993.

3. Anwar H. Syed, China and Pakistan: Diplomacy of an Entente Cordiale,

4. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1984.

5. Dennis K.N.X., US and Pakistan: Estranged Allies, 2000

6. Bhutto, Zulfikar Ali. Foreign Policy of Pakistan. Karachi: Pakistan Institute of

International Affairs, 1964.

7. Ahmed, Naseem. "Military and the foreign policy of Pakistan." South Asian Survey 17,

no. 2 (2010): 313-330.

8. Thornton, Thomas Perry. "Between the Stools?: US Policy towards Pakistan during the

Carter Administration." Asian Survey 22, no. 10 (1982): 959-977.

9. Musharraf, Pervez. "Foreign policy of Pakistan." Pakistan Horizon 53, no. 2/3 (2000):

43-56.

10. Mazhar, Muhammad Saleem, and Naheed S. Goraya. "Foreign Policy of Pakistan:

Internal Challenges." Journal of Political Studies 20, no. 2 (2013): 91.

lxix

COURSE TITLE: HISTORY OF POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN KHYBER

PAKHTUNKHWA


CREDIT HOURS: 03 .

Course Objectives:

The purpose of this course is to introduce the students to the political development in the

Pakhtun region. The course is important because although the Pakhtun region has remained a

center for most of the political development in the Indian-Subcontinent especially in the pre-

partition era, however too little attention is paid to this fact in most of the curricula’s. The

course offers an introduction to armed religious mobilizations, social and political movements,

the role of non-state actors, the rise of terrorism and the nature of conflict in Pakhtun region.

Course Outlines

Part-I: Pre-Partition

Haji Sahib Turangzai

KhudaiKhidmatgar Movement

The Faqir of Ipi

Part-II

The Rise and Development of Political Parties in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

FCR- The Role of FCR in Political and Administrative Development of FATA

Merger of FATA: Issues and Problems

The Rise of non-state Actors in Pakhtun Region

RECOMMENDED READINGS

1. Ahmad. A. S. (1976), Millinium and Chrisma among Pathans: A Critical essay in social

Anthropology. London. Rutledge & Kegan Paul. New Delhi: India.

2. Banergee, M. (2000): The Pathan unarmed: Opposition and Memory in the Frontier

New York: Oxford University Press.

3. Hoffman B. (2006). Inside Terrorism, New York: Columbia University Press

4. Johansen, R. C (1997). Radical Islam and Non-violence: A Case Study of Religion.

5. Khan, G. (1948)Thepathans, Peshawar. University Book agency

6. Khan, G. (1969). My Life and struggle. Autobiography of Bacha Khan, Delhi, Hind.

7. Rashid, A. (2000). Taliban: Islam, oil and the new great game in central asia: London.

I.B Tauris& Co Ltd.

8. Rashi, A. (2008). Descent into Chaos: New York: Viking Penguin.

9. Rauf, A. (2006), Socio-Educational Reforms Movements in N.W.F.P: A case study of

Anjuman-i-IslahulAfghania. Pakistan Journal of History and Culture. XXVII/2, 31-60.

lxx

COURSE TITLE: POLITICAL PARTIES & INTEREST GROUPS


CREDIT HOURS: 03

Objectives To enable students to understand the historical evolution of political parties

and ground politics.

COURSE OUTLINE

Introduction to Political Parties& Scope of Study

PPP Introduction, Composition, Structure

Functions, Role played in National Politics by PPP, Achievements

PML N, PML Q, Composition Role in National Politics Policies Adopted during 1999-

2008

ANP Structure Composition, Nationalism, Part Policies, Kala Bagh Dam issues,

Achievements in 2008-2013

Interest Groups, Definition, Scope, Types of IG. Objectives.

Role in Political & Economic Development

PTI Introduction, Composition, Structure, Political Ideology of PTI, Policies for future

JI Introduction, Composition, Structure, Establishment of MMA, Achievements in

2002 Election& Role in Musharaf Government

JUI Introduction, Composition, Structure, Establishment of MMA, Achievements in

2002 Election & Role in Musharaf Government

Recommended Books/Readings

1. Sayeed, K. B. (1967). The political system of Pakistan. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

2. Afzal, M. R. (2001). Pakistan, History & Politics, 1947-1971. Karachi: Oxford

University Press.

3. Ahmad, M. (1970). Government and politics in Pakistan. Space Publishers.

4. Riaz, A. (Ed.). (2010). Religion and politics in South Asia. Routledge.

5. Aziz, K. K. (1993). The murder of history in Pakistan. LahoAfzal, M. R. (1976).

Political parties in Pakistan, 1947-1958 (Vol. 1). National Commission on Historical

and Cultural Researchre: Vanguard Books,

6. Jan, M., RiazRaza, M., Siddiq, M., & Saleem, N. (2013). Print Media on Coverage of

Political Parties in Pakistan: Treatment of Opinion Pages of The'dawn'and'news'.

Gomal University Journal of Research, 29(1).

7. Khan, I. H. (2011). Electoral malpractices during the 2008 elections in Pakistan. Oxford

University Press.

lxxi

8. La Palombara, J., & Weiner, M. (2015). Political Parties and Political

Development.(SPD-6). Princeton University Press.

9. Jamil, S. (2018). Politics in a Digital Age: The Impact of New Media Technologies on

Public Participation and Political Campaign in Pakistan’s 2018 Elections–A Case Study

of Karachi. Global Media Journal, 16(31), 1-9.

10. Hasnat, S. F. (2011). Pakistan. ABC-CLIO.

11. Azhar, M., & Khan, A. B. (2020). Electoral trends and political development: Impact

on governance. Perspectives on Contemporary Pakistan, 55-72.

12. Diamond, L., & Gunther, R. (Eds.). (2001). Political parties and democracy. JHU Press.

lxxii

COURSE TITLE: FOREIGN POLICY ANALYSIS


CREDIT HOURS: 03

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

This Course is designed to enlighten the students about the concepts and school of thoughts in

foreign policy analysis, concentrating particularly on the process of decision making in the

international system. The students will study the foreign policies of the selected countries in

order to understand the policy debate in the light og great power actions and small and weak

state problems.

COURSE CONTENTS:

1. Conceptual Framework of Foreign Policy: definition and its tools

2. Various approaches to the study of foreign policy

3. Kinds of F.P

a. Ethical

b. Offensive

c. Traditional

d. Radical

e. Pragmatic

4. Structure and nature of International Politics

5. Economics as an instrument in International Politics

6. State Strength and weaknesses: Limitation and State Actions

7. Process of formulation of F.P in developed and developing countries

8. F.P Determinants and objectives

9. Radical Change in F.P after 9/11

10. F.P in 21st Century: New Dimensions

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. Charles F. Hemen, et. al New Directions in the study of Foreign Policy, Boston , Allen

& Unwin, 1987.

2. Walker, Stephen G. "Role theory and foreign policy analysis." (1987).

3. Alden, Chris, and AmnonAran. Foreign policy analysis: new approaches. Taylor &

Francis, 2016.

4. Carlsnaes, Walter. "The agency-structure problem in foreign policy

analysis." International studies quarterly 36, no. 3 (1992): 245-270.

5. Hudson, Valerie M., and Christopher S. Vore. "Foreign policy analysis yesterday,

today, and tomorrow." Mershon International Studies Review 39, no. Supplement_2

(1995): 209-238.

6. Hudson, Valerie M. "The history and evolution of foreign policy analysis." Foreign

Policy: theories, actors, cases 2 (2008): 13-34.

7. Schrodt, Philip A. "Event data in foreign policy analysis." Foreign policy analysis:

Continuity and change in its second generation (1995): 145-166.

8. Neufeld, Mark. "Hegemony and foreign policy analysis: The case of Canada as middle

power." Studies in Political Economy 48, no. 1 (1995): 7-29.

9. Browning, Christopher S. Constructivism, narrative and foreign policy analysis: A case

study of Finland. Peter Lang, 2008.

10. Kaarbo, Juliet. "Foreign policy analysis in the twenty-first century: back to comparison,

forward to identity and ideas." International Studies Review 5, no. 2 (2003): 156-202.

lxxiii

SEMESTER -VIII


CODE

CREDIT

HOURS

CUMMULATIVE

CREDIT HOURS

41 International and Regional Organizations POL-621 03 115

42 Foreign Policy of Major Powers US, China,

UK

POL-622 03 118

43 International Law POL-623 03 121

44 Local Government in Pakistan POL-624 03 124

45 Research Project POL-625 06 130

TOTAL 15 130

lxxiv

COURSE TITLE: INTERNATIONAL & REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS


CREDIT HOURS: 03

The course is designed to critically evaluate the emerging role of international and regional

organizations, United Nations system and the question of its restructuring as a considerable issue in

the 21st century. Globalization and regionalism is leading to establishment of more new organizations

in the present scenario. The effects of 9/11 and terrorism on various international and regional

organizations is an important aspect to the outline. The past, present and future of organizations will

be discussed in order to educate the students regarding their changing role in the rising multi polarity

in the global politics.

COURSE CONTENTS

Origin & development of international organizations

Types of International Organizations,

Theoretical Perspectives of International Organizations

Liberalism

Realism

Constructivism

League of Nations

Multilateralism in the 20th century: Challenges of Global Governance

Critical Theories

Theories of Organizations

The United Nations system

History of the United Nations

The UN Charter:

Purpose and Principles

The Principles organs of UN: Composition, Functions and Decision-Making process

security council General Assembly

Economic and social council

Trusteeship Council

Secretariat

International Court of Justice

Collective Security, enforcement action and preventive diplomacy

A brief introduction of some UN Programmes, funds and specialized agencies

lxxv

International Labour Organization (ILO)

Bretton Woods Institutions: IMF, World Bank, IBRD

World Health Organization

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)

Status of UN in post 9/11 Scenario

UN and War on Terror

UN and Iraq War

UN Reforms and its Expansion Viewpoint of Super Powers and regional Powers regarding its

expansion

UN Expansion-Implications for Pakistan

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Formation, organizational setup and purposes

Expansion of NATO

NATO major achievements and its role in 21st century

European Union (EU)

Historical background and organizational setup

Advent of Euro as common currency

EU’s reform policies

Common foreign and security policy

The African Union (AU)

Foundation, organization and purposes

Achievements and failures

Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)

Formation, organization and purposes

Major Achievements and future prospects

Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC)

Formation, Organization and purposes

OIC role in coping with challenges facing the Muslim World

OIC in post 9/11 period

SAARC

Formation, Organization and purposes

SAARC in post 9/11 period

lxxvi

RECOMMENDED BOOK:

1. Barros, J (Ed), The United Nation: past, Present & the future,NY, free press:

2. Feld, W et al’; International organization: A Comparative approach, NY, Praeger;

3. Goodrich, L. M &A.P.Simons, The UN and the maintenance of the International peace

&security,Westport CT, Greenwood;

4. Doodich, L.M. The united nations in a changing world, NY, Colombia University press.

5. Morgenthau., H.J; (Ed0 peace, security & the UN, Selem, NH, Ayer Co, Publications.

6. Tavares, Rodrigo. Regional security: The capacity of international organizations. Routledge,

2009.

7. Keck, Margaret E., and Kathryn Sikkink. "Transnational advocacy networks in international

and regional politics." International social science journal 51, no. 159 (1999): 89-101.

8. Pevehouse, Jon C. "With a little help from my friends? Regional organizations and the

consolidation of democracy." American Journal of Political Science (2002): 611-626.

9. Karns, M. A., Karen A. Mingst, and Kendall W. Stiles. International Organizations: The

Politics and Processes. Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc, 2004.

10. Nesi, Giuseppe, ed. International cooperation in counter-terrorism: the United Nations and

regional organizations in the fight against terrorism. Routledge, 2016.

lxxvii

COURSE TITLE: FOREIGN POLICIES OF MAJOR POWERS


CREDIT HOURS: 03

The course focuses on the foreign policies of major powers. It analyses their objectives, principles,

determinants and formulation. It explains the effects of these policies upon the world policies. It

explores the inter-relationship among these countries.

COURSE OUTLINE:

Nature, Scope & Characteristic of International Politics

Types of World System

Theories of Realism & Idealism

Concept of Balance of Power

Balance of power

The role of economics as an instrument or weapon in the world

Limitations of state action; Internal & External causes

National Interests: Objectives & techniques

Core Interest & values

National Strengths & weakness

Foreign policy formulation & its tools of success

Foreign policy objectives

Range & long objectives

Case study of the foreign policies of:

United States of America

The People Republic of China

The Russian federation; Germany, Great Britain

Terrorism & Global Partnership

Foreign policy of Japan

September 11(2001) and its impact on the foreign policies of:

US, China, Japan, USSR, G. Britain

Terrorism and Global Partnership

Bush Doctrine and its Consequences/Obama

Contemporary Issue: US attack on Iraq, Problems of Afghanistan, Palestine, Chechnya and

Kashmir.

Rise of Unilateralism

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RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. Furiss, Edgar S. and Richard C. Snyder, an Introduction to American Foreign Policy, Ny,

Rinehart & Co. Inc.

2. Gross, Felik, Foreing Policy Analysis; NY, Philosophical Library;

3. Spanier, John, American Foreign Policy since World War-II, NY, Holt, Rinehart and

Winston.

4. Volgy, Thomas, Renato Corbetta, Keith Grant, and Ryan Baird, eds. Major powers and the

quest for status in international politics: Global and regional perspectives. Springer, 2011.

5. Morrow, James D., Randolph M. Siverson, and Tressa E. Tabares. "The political

determinants of international trade: the major powers, 1907–1990." American political

science review 92, no. 3 (1998): 649-661.

6. Corbetta, Renato, and William J. Dixon. "Multilateralism, major powers, and militarized

disputes." Political Research Quarterly 57, no. 1 (2004): 5-14.

7. Kapur, Ashok. "Major powers and the persistence of the India-Pakistan conflict." The India–

Pakistan conflict: An enduring rivalry (2005): 131-155.

8. Kurtz, Gerrit, and Philipp Rotmann. "The evolution of norms of protection: Major powers

debate the responsibility to protect." Global Society 30, no. 1 (2016): 3-20.

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COURSE TITLE: INTERNATIONAL LAW


CREDIT HOURS: 03

Course Objective:

The course is designed to equip the students of International Relations with the capacity to

understand the law that governs International Society. It is expected that students would be able to

apply rules and principles of Public International Law to various factual situations and analyze

polices with a legal perspective.

Course Outlines:

Definition, Nature, and Scope of International Law

Evolution &Sources of International Law

Subjects of International law, States, Individual and non-State Entities.

Recognition of State and Government, De-jure and De-facto Recognition

State Jurisdiction: Jurisdiction over High Seas; Jurisdiction over Outer Space

State Territory: Methods of Acquiring and Losing of State Territory

Nationality: Modes of Acquiring and Losing of Nationality

Extradition, Asylum, Human Rights & Fundamental Freedom

Diplomatic & Consular Agents: Structure, Functions & Immunities;

Treaties: Steps in the Formation of Treaties

International Disputes: Peaceful & Coercive Means of Settlement of Disputes,

Laws of War: Armed Conflicts, Effects of Outbreak of War,

Neutrality: Rights & Duties of Neutral States, Blockade & Contraband.

Law of Seas: Definition, evolution and development; Territorial waters, Continental shelf,

Contiguous zone, Exclusive economic zone, Rights and duties of costal state, High seas.

Recommended Books:

1. Cassel A International Law and a Divided World, London: Oxford University Press, 1986.

2. Cassese, Antonio, International Law, Oxford University Press, 2001.

3. Gerhard Von Ghaln, Law among Nations: an introduction of public international law,

London: Allyn& Bacon Inc; 1995.

4. Ian Brownlie, Principles of Public International law, London: Oxford university press,

1999.

5. Oppenheim L., International law, London, Allen & Unwin, 1962.

6. Oppenheim, L. international law, 1966.

7. Ott, D.H; Public international law in modern world, Pitmen, 1987.

8. Ray S. August, Public International law: text, Cases & readings, Prentice Hall PTR, 1995

9. Scott, Shirley V; International law in world Poitics-7 introduction, New Delhi, Viva books

(Pvt.) limited, 2005.

10. Shaw, Malcolm N; International law,(5th Ed), Cambridge University press, 2003.

11. Starke, J.G., International law, London Butterworths, 1977.

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COURSE TITLE: LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN PAKISTAN


CREDIT HOURS: 03

Objectives:

The objective of the course is to acquaint the students about the basic concepts of local government

system and the essentials required for its successful functioning. It would deal with the historical

development of local government in Pakistan.

CONTENTS:

Meaning, Nature and Scope of Local Government Systems

Evolution of Local Government System in Pakistan

Organizational Structure and Performance of Local Government in Different Era: Ayub

Khan, Zia UlHaq and Pervez Musharraf.

Planning and Functional Structures of Local Governments

Sustainability Problem of Local Governments

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. Abedin, N. (1973) Local Administration and Politics in Modernizing Societies Bangladesh

and Pakistan, Dacca: National Institute of Public Administration.

2. Alderfer, Harold F (1964), Local Government in Developing Countries, New York: McGraw

Hill. \

3. Chnadler, J.A. (1992) Local Government I Liberal Democracies: An Introductory Survey

(Ed). London: Rutledge.

4. Inayatullah, (1964) Basic democracies, District Administration and Development, Peshawar,

PARD.

5. Siddique, K (1992) Local Government in Asia: A Contemporary Stud, (ed) Dhaka University

Press.

6. Quddos, Syed Abdul (1982) Local Self Government in Pakistan, Lahore, Progressive

Publishers.

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COURSE TITLE: RESEARCH PROJECT


CREDIT HOURS: 06

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCH REPORT:

As part of Four Years BS (Hons) in Sociology, students are required to complete a thesis

under the supervision of a supervisor or faculty member, who has a related scholarly interest. The

thesis is seen as a capstone experience for majors in that it allows them both to explore research and

analytical skills that they have learned earlier and to develop these skills with direct application. In

addition, in the process of research and writing, the student develops new skills for the analysis that

grow out of the first-hand research tasks. Finally, the thesis process allows the department to assess

how well it is doing in preparing students for critical and creative thinking, and for professional or

allied careers using their major.

The topic of thesis research is chosen in consultation between the student and the faculty.

Hands-on empirical research is encouraged, sometimes using available data sets -- including those

developed through the surveys carried out in the Research Methods course in the department -- and

sometimes requiring the full initiation and carrying out of data gathering in the form of a survey,

participant observation project, content analysis or other research method.

Format Guidelines for Four Years BS in Political Science Research Report:

Arrangement of dissertation.

Each thesis must be arranged in the following order. Italicized pages are optional.

2. Signature Page Include this page in the pretext page count, but do not place a page number on it.

3. Title Page Include this page in the pretext page count, but do not place a page number on it.

4. Dedication and/or Epigraph. Include this page in the pretext page count, but do not place a page

number on it.

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5. Acknowledgements and/or Preface. Begin placing pretext lowercase Roman numerals at the

bottom of this page, counting all preceding pretext material except for the fly page. Page numbers

are centered one inch from the bottom of the page.

6. Abstract Continue pretext page numbering with lowercase Roman numerals.

7. Table of Contents. Continue pretext page numbering with lowercase Roman numerals.

8. List of Tables. Continue pretext page numbering with lowercase Roman numerals.

9. List of Figures. Continue pretext page numbering with lowercase Roman numerals.

10. List of Illustrations/Maps/Slides. Continue pretext page numbering with lowercase Roman

numerals.

11. Text. All pages from the first page of text through the Vita are numbered consecutively in Arabic

numerals, beginning with Arabic numeral “1” on the first page of the thesis or report text.

12. Appendix.Continue page numbering with Arabic numerals.

13. Glossary.May, instead, be placed after the Table of Contents in the area with the Lists of Tables,

List of Figures, etc. Continue page numbering with Arabic numerals.

14. Bibliography. Other possible titles are “References” or “Works Cited.” Continue page

numbering with Arabic numerals.

PAGE FORMAT AND LAYOUT

a. Font

A single font must be used throughout the thesis, the only exceptions being in tables, graphs, and

appendices. Headings may be bolded and no more than 2 points larger than the rest of the text.

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b. Margins

All theses and reports must have consistent margins of at least 1.25 inches at the top, bottom, left,

and right edges of the page. Page numbers must be placed at least one inch from the bottom of the

page. Margins which are larger than those required are acceptable, but smaller margins are not.

c. Spacing

The thesis or report must be double-spaced or 1.5-spaced. Single spacing may be used only in the Table

of Contents, footnotes and endnotes, charts, graphs, tables, quotations, captions, glossary, appendices,

and bibliography. Prose quotations over three lines long should be in block quote, double or single-

spaced, and indented on the left. Do not use quotation marks in the block quote except when indicating

quotations within the block quote.

d. Numbering of Pages

Beginning with the first page of the Acknowledgements or Preface, if used, all preliminary pages

preceding the actual text must be numbered in lowercase Roman numerals; e.g., iii, iv, v, etc. These

numerals must be centered under the text with at least one inch of space between the number and the

bottom of the page. If no optional pages are used, the page numbers must begin on the Abstract. Do

not number the copyright page, signature page, title page, or dedication, but do include each of them

in the pretext page count. The first page of the text begins at Arabic numeral 1. All pages within the

text must contain an Arabic page number, bottom-centered, at least one inch from the bottom edge

of the page. The first page of every major section (chapters, appendices, bibliography, Vita, etc.)

must begin on a new page.

e. Tables and Illustrations

Pages carrying illustrative material must be given page numbers appropriate to their place in the

document. Illustrative material may not be inserted after the document has been numbered and given

numbers such as “10a.” All tables, figures, illustrations, and other types of examples included and

referenced in the text of the dissertation should be numbered for identification. There should be no

duplication of these numbers; i.e., no two tables should be assigned the same number. Figures may

be numbered in one of two ways: consecutively throughout the document (Table 1, Table 2, Table

3, etc.), or double-numbered so that illustrations’ numbers reflect their locations in the document

(Figure 9.3 is the third figure in Chapter 9, or Figure A2 is the second figure in Appendix A.)

Captions and legends must be placed on the same page with the figure, graph, table or illustration

they describe. In order to fit both figure and caption on the same page, captions may be single-spaced,

margins may be decreased to one inch, and figures may be reduced in size to fit. If the figures are

reduced from their original size, then the page number must be added after the reduction so as not to

alter its size. If there is no other way to manage the amount of material to be shown, the caption and

figures should be side-by-side in continuous view. This method should only be used in the rare

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instance where all of the pertinent material will not fit on the same page. Figures, captions, and page

numbers must be easily readable when the electronic document is viewed at 100 percent.

Footnotes and Bibliography

A Bibliography, or Reference, section must immediately precede the Vita at the end of the thesis or

report, even in theses where chapter end notes have been used. Bibliographies may be omitted only

in wholly original theses such as novels or musical compositions. The bibliography must include

materials used including the edition, if not the first, so the citation can be readily verified. Footnote

citations must be sufficiently exact to enable the reader to find the source with ease. Any standardized

form for footnotes and bibliography approved by your supervisor is acceptable if followed

consistently. Several useful manuals for selecting a footnote/bibliography format include the

Chicago Manual of Style.

Copies required:

All students who successfully accomplished writing up dissertation are required to submit at least

four copies in hard and one copy in soft to the supervisor or chairmen or head of department.

Viva voice:

For a student to be eligible for the award of BS (Hons) in Political Science, it is necessary and

compulsory element and requirement for his/her dissertation assessment to appear before a panel of

internal supervisor and external examiner for a viva voice.

Recommended Books:

1. Denscombe, M (1998) the good research guide. Open University, Buckingham

2. Cryer, P. (1996) The Research students guide to success. OU Press

3. Kane, E. (1985) Doing your own research. Marion Boyars

4. Rudestam, K.J. & Newton, R.R (1992) Surviving your dissertation, Sage, London

5. Murray, R (2002) How to write a Thesis. Open University Press

6. Bell, J (1999) Doing your Research Project: A guide for first-time researchers in Education

and Social Science, 3rd edition