btec_sport unit 1 presentation

8/8/2019 BTEC_sport Unit 1 Presentation

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BTEC Sport

Anatomy and Physiology


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The Skeletal System

Made up of bones, cartilage and joints

Framework of the body

Supports Muscles and Skin 206 Bones!

80 form axial skeleton

126 form appendicular


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Axial Skeleton is for protection

The axial skeleton consists of the 80 bones in the head and trunk of the human

body.

The Axial skeleton are the bones that protect the vital organs in the human body.

These are a few of the axial skeletal bones that make up the skeletal system;

Cranium, Sternum and the Vertebral Column


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Appendicular Skeleton is for Movement

The Appendicular skeleton allows the skeletal bones to move.

It consists of the girdles, upper and lower limbs which are attached to the

pelvic girdle.

60 form upper limbs

60 form lower limbs

Designed for weight bearing


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The Skull

The skull is the bony part of the head.

It rests on the first vertebra of the spine,

called the atlas. It belongs to the axial skeleton, meaning the

skeleton associated with the central nervous

system.

That includes the skull, all the bones of thespine, the ribs, and the breastbone.


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The thorax The vertebral column

The thorax is the breast bone

which consists of the ribs

which protect major organs

The vertebral column consists

of 5 different section all of

which have a number of

different bones


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Types of BonesL

ong Bone Have a shaft,found in Limbs

Short Bones- Surrounded by

a thin layer of compact bone

Flat Bone- Thin, slightly

curved have a large surfacearea

Irregular Bone- Complex

shapes that dont fit any other

category


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Location of Bones

Anterior

Posterior

Medial

Lateral

Proximal

Distal

Superior Inferior

To/in the front

To/in the back

Towards the midline

Away from midline

Near to route/origin

Away from route/origin

Above Below


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Joint Classification

The 3 major joints are;

Synovial - Freely moveable = Patella.

Cartilaginous Slightly moveable = Spinal

column.

Fibrous Immoveable = Cranium.


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Types of Synovical Joint

Hinge e.g. Knee Pivot e.g. Neck Saddle e.g. Thumb

Ball & Socket Hip Condyloid Wrist Gliding Fingers


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These are all used in Sport

Hinge Joint

Pivot Joint

Ball and Socket Joint

Saddle Joint


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Types of Movement

Flexion

Extension

Abduction

Adduction Circumduction

Rotation

Hyper-extension

Plantar-flexion

Dorsi-flexion

Pronation

Supination

Tightening Bicep

Loosening Bicep

Arm/Leg away from you

Arm/Leg towards you Head shaking

Lateral/medial

Head back and forth

Toes upward

Toes downward

Radius over ulna

Ulna and radius parallel


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More on the Skeletal System

Support.

Protection.

Attachment for skeletal muscle

Source of blood cell production.

Store of minerals.


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Thankyou For Listening

btec_sport unit 1 presentation

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