buddhism and global ethic rosan yoshida, ph.d. presentation at ethical society, st. louis july 29,...
TRANSCRIPT
Global Problematique & Its Solution
Global Problematique & Its Solution
1. Global Problematique 1. Global Problematique
2. Global Delusion-deed
3. Global Solution
4. Global Ethic
Cosmic CalendarCosmic Calendar
10 bill.yrs. ago
15 bill.yrs. ago
Birth of
Milky WayBig
Bang1
MayApr.Mar.Feb.Jan.
Cosmic CalendarCosmic Calendar
3.2bill.yrs. ago
4 . 7 bill.yrs. ago
OldestFossil
Birth ofthe Sun
9
Oct.Sept.Aug.JulyJune
4.5bill.yrs. ago
Birth ofthe Earth
Photo-synthesis20
3bill.yrs. ago
14
Cosmic CalendarCosmic Calendar
1
十二月Nov.
Genuine nucleus organisms1 . 5 bill. yrs. ago
Poly-cell organisms1bill. yrs. ago
Vertebrata0.5bill. yrs. ago
25
26
19
Mammals0.2bill. yrs. ago
Plant/animal division1.2bill. yrs. ago
6
Dec.
Cosmic CalendarCosmic Calendar
1
Plants landing0.4bill. yrs. ago
Polycell organisms1bill. yrs. ago
脊椎動物5億年前
31
(25) 26
19
Mammals0.2bill. yrs. ago
Plant/animal division1.2bill. yrs. ago
6
Dec.Dec.
29
20 (22)
Primates5mil. yrs. ago
Hominids2mil. yrs. ago
Mass extinction 1
(Mass ext. 3)(Mass ext.
4)Mass ext. 5
Mass extinction 2
Our growing population
Population Change from 1900-2000
World energy consumption pattern
World Energy Consumption between 1800 - 1990
World Primary Energy Consumption since 1970, projected to 2025
1900-2000 AD
Earth’s Shrinking Biosphere
Currently, the Earth is the only home we have
With each new person added to our growing population, the amount of our living space decreases
Land Area hectare per/capita
FORESTS
1900
3.18
1900
3.18
1950
1.85
1950
1.85 1960
1.45
1960
1.45 1970
1.17
1970
1.171980
0.97
1980
0.97 1990
0.82
1990
0.822000
0.64
2000
0.64
Earth’s shrinking forestland
(Ha per capita)
1900 - 2000
Increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide levels have risen by 30% in the last 200 years.
The IPCC projects that, if unchecked, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrationswill range from 650 to 970 ppm by 2100.
2000-about 365 ppm
Dramatic changes in Arctic Sea Ice
Imagine an ice-free Arctic
Ozone Hole
Darkest blue areas represent regions of maximum ozone depletion
1979
19821984 1986
1988 1990
19921994
1997
1999
2004
Extreme Events
World Map of Historical Earthquakes
Images taken between April 29 and May 5, 2005 shows dust from the Gobi Desert crossing the Pacific, well on its way to North America
Dust traveling over the Pacific
• Lake Chad, Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Cameroon
• Challawa Gorge Dam, Nigeria
• Lake Nakuru, Kenya
• Lake Victoria, Uganda
• Lesotho Highlands Water
Project, Lesotho
• Aral Sea, Kazakhstan
• Lake Balkhash, Kazakhstan
• Kara- Bogaz -Gol (KBG), Turkmenistan
WATER AND LAKES
Estimated global water loss in
irrigation
Source: FAO
Dec. 2004: Tsunami devastated the region of Banda Aceh
Indian Ocean Tsunami: Devastated Banda Aceh
Serene Banda Aceh
Bam, Iran: City destroyed by earthquake
A 6.6 magnitude earthquake struck southeastern Iran on 26 December 2003, killing over 40 000 people, injuring 16 000, leaving 70 000 homeless and destroying much of the city of Bam, the earthquake’s epicenter
Mozambique under water
2000: Due to severe flooding, half a million people were made homeless and 700 lost their lives
22 August 1999: Mozambique under normal conditions
1 March 2000: Mozambique under water
World’s worst nuclear accident
The Chernobyl nuclear accident killed more than 31 people immediately
More than 120 000 people from 213 villages and cities were relocated outside the contamination zone
Much of the farmland surrounding the plant was heavily contaminated with radioactive nuclides and was subsequently abandoned
Dramatic changes in Huang He Delta, China
Images show the mouth of the Yellow River and the emergence of a huge parrot-headed peninsula
• 1979-2000: Huang He’s yellow color is the result of huge loads of sediments
Changes in Huang He Delta, China
• From 1989 to 1995 the Yellow River delta area grew
• From 1995 to 2000 the Yellow River delta area shrank
Credit: NASA Earth Observatory
Replacement of mangroves by aquaculture in Thon Buri, Thailand
• 1973-1978: Area is caught in the battle between needs of people versus the welfare of the coastal areas
• 2002: Shows extensive aquaculture ponds (blue patches inland)
Sundarban: Largest mangrove forest of the world, India/Bangladesh
Forest degradation has been occurring in many parts of Sundarbans
Shrimp farming is a major threat to mangrove forests
Problems of Civilization Problems of Civilization
Civilization Realm men
over-
population
class-crime-war
Ideology-ism-WMD
Fanaticism-nationalism
Mass-production/consumption
/wasting/pollution/depletion/damage
/disorder/disease/deterioration/demise
Animal Field Life Realm
Loss of life/species/life function/habitat/biodiversity/
Adaptability/invasion of new species/disturbance of system
Plant Field
Loss of forests//coral reefs/lakes/marshes/rivers/streams/
vitality/resistance-disease-dislocation-deterioration-destruction-demise
Life Field
global warming ・ loss of land/glacier/iceberg/water-sealevelrise-dissertification-
pollution of air/water/earth-depletion of resources/ozone layer-abnormal weather/season
3 Revolutions of Humans3 Revolutions of Humans
1st Religious Rev. 2 .5mil. yrs. ago
2nd Life Rev.
20 yrs. ago
1st Religious Rev. 2 .5mil. yrs. ago
2nd Life Rev.
20 yrs. ago
1st Urban Rev.
5 mil. yrs. ago
2nd National Rev. 200 yrs. ago
1st Urban Rev.
5 mil. yrs. ago
2nd National Rev. 200 yrs. ago
1st Agricultural Rev. 10 mil. yrs. ago
2nd Industrial Rev.
25 0 yrs. ago
1st Agricultural Rev. 10 mil. yrs. ago
2nd Industrial Rev.
25 0 yrs. ago
Production Rev.Production Rev. Social Rev.Social Rev. Spiritual Rev.Spiritual Rev.
5 Calamities of Civilization5 Calamities of CivilizationDelusion, Bondage, Discrimination, Exploitation, War
Culture Blisses
Calamities
Robbing of limited matter/powerRobbing of limited matter/power
Sharing of limitless mind/lifeSharing of limitless mind/life
Civilization
Competition, Conflict, WarCompetition, Conflict, War
Symbiosis, Collaboration, PeaceSymbiosis, Collaboration, Peace
5 Blisses of Culture5 Blisses of Culture
Awakening, Freedom, Equality, Love, Peace
Pyramidal Civilization Pyramidal Civilization
mindmind life life
power
ego
ECOECO
greed, anger, ignorance
discrimination, exploitation, killing
production, consumption, wasting
deterioration, depletion, pollution
malfunction, abnormality, extinction
matter
Pyramidal CivilizationPyramidal Civilization
matter
命
力power
delusion
action
suffering
mind life
Three Steps
System
Network System
Network
Indra-netIndra-net
Every crystal reflecting all others limitlesslyEvery crystal reflecting all others limitlessly
宗教間 組織
sea current
stop
sea current
stop
vitalityloss
vitalityloss
CO 2
increase
warming
climatechange
habitatchange
speciesextinction
abnormal weather
Mal-adjustment
bio-diversity loss
disasters
難民
犯罪
social problems
re-soures loss
Ecnomic problems
wars poverty
star-vation
illness
sea level rise
species change
Indra-netIndra-net
Systemic Reflections (CO2 Case)Systemic Reflections (CO2 Case)
Paradigm Shift: 5PParadigm Shift: 5P
Practice
Participation
Priority Perspective
Paradigm Shift
Penetration
Life Shift: 5CLife Shift: 5C
Cooperation
Compassion
CommunicationConsciousness
Life Shift
Commitment
Truth & Ethic RequirementsTruth & Ethic Requirements
System Ethic Matter Information
Dynam
ic
Preventiv
e
Fundamental
Total
1st 4 of 5 Buddhist Precepts1st 4 of 5 Buddhist Precepts
Matter Generation
No
killing
No
stealing
No lying
No sexual
misconduct
InformationLIFE
Declaration toward a Global Ethic
Declaration toward a Global Ethic
4 Irrevocable Directives
1.
non-
violence
&
respect
for
life
2.
solidarity
&
just
economic
order
3.
tolerance
&
a life
of
truthfulness
4.
equal rights
&
partnership
between
men and
women
Parliament of World’s Religions, Chicago, 1993
Commitment to the culture ofCommitment to the culture of
The Universal Declaration of
Human Responsibilities
The Universal Declaration of
Human Responsibilities
Prepared and presented
to the United Nations
for issuance on occasion of the 50th Anniversary
of
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
by
The InterAction Council (OB Summit)
Truth & Ethic of Global System
Truth & Ethic of Global System
Global SystemMaterial flow
Information flow
5 S
1. Systemic2 . Sustainable3. Saving4. Safe5. Simple
5 L
1. Law2. Life3. Love4. Liberation5. Lieless
5 R
1. Reduce2. Reuse3. Recycle 4. Rearrange5. Restore
5 A
1. Access2. Assess3. Agree4. Act5. Advise
Global Ethic
Dependent Origination 1Dependent Origination 11. Old oral tradition:
Nescience – formations – consciousness – name-form – six bases – contact – feeling –
craving – appropriation – becoming - birth – aging-death
2. New structural interpretation = showing suffering of samsara (impermanence):
six bases
consciousness
feeling
formations
appropriation
becoming
birth/aging-death
name-form
contact
craving
nesciencesuffering
Notes on the terms:
Name-form = sense object
= dharma
Six bases = six sense organs
Contact = contact of sense organ,
sense object and consciousness
Formation = function (karma)
Becoming = birth/aging/death
= samsara (flow) Craving, formations & suffering
are called “three steps (sando)”
Nescience (existential ignorance)
appropriates body-mind as self,
involved in becoming (birth,
aging, death = samsara).
(karma)
Dependent Origination 3Dependent Origination 3
2. Origination of Suffering
Craving Action Suffering
( 3 Steps )
(karma)
PeacePeace
3 Steps to Strife-Suffering3 Steps to Strife-Suffering
Suffering Suffering Delusion Delusion
ActionAction
Action
AwakeningAwakening
Global System/Truth Global/Ethic
Global/Peace
3 Steps to Peace-pleasure3 Steps to Peace-pleasure
______________________________________________________________________________________
Becoming Truth/Peace Itself
Becoming Truth/Peace Itself
• A. Zen Koan “Cypress Tree in the Garden”
Disciple said, “What is the significance of the Patriarch coming from the West? Master said, “Cypress tree in the garden.”
• B. Tree & True came from Dhree (root form of Dharma, defined as “holding forms informing norms”
DharmaDharma• A. Meanings of Dharma 1. Dharma = form = phenomena 2. Dharma = norm = law/truth 3. Dharma = teaching
• B. Dharma of all dharmas • (Law of all phenomena)• = Dependent Origination • (All phenomena Dependently Originated on causes and conditions.)
“Entire world in ten directions is a clear crystal ball”“Entire world in ten directions is a clear crystal ball”
Limitless life, light, liberation and love
Dharma-world
=
a clear crystal ball
一顆明珠 一顆明珠