building baby’s brain with books ... · building baby’s brain with books ... •discourage...
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Building Baby’s Brain with Books
Association for Library Service to Children ‘Nati National Institute
Dr. John S. Hutton, (MS)2 MD,Founder, blue manatee press
Director, CCHMCReading and Literacy Discovery Center
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Backyard Brain Building
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Some childrenare fortunate…
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Books From BirthAAP Literacy Recommendations
• Begin daily shared reading beginning as soon as possible after birth, which…
“…stimulates optimal patterns of brain development and strengthens parent-child
relationships at a critical time in child development, which, in turn, builds
language, literacy, and social-emotional skills that last a lifetime.”
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TV for Toddlers?AAP Screen Time Recommendations
• Avoid before 18-24 months old
• Discourage TV/screens in sleeping areas
“Because of their immature symbolic, memory, and attentional skills, infants and toddlers
cannot learn from traditional digital media as they do from interactions with caregivers…”
Such as READING TOGETHER!
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Reading! Our favorite higher-order skill
• Cultural invention• 6000 years old
• No hardwired brain network
• “Recycle” visual, language, and other brain networks emergent literacy
• Predictable sequence in typically developing readers• Note: books with pictures no pictures
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“Neurons that fire together, wire together”
• Early: Vision, hearing, joint attention
• Protracted: higher-order cognitive skillsLanguage, executive function, creativity, sense of self & others (empathy)
Visual imagery: comprehension, learning, mental health
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Not a Raisin:The Reading Network
Source: “Reading the Brain,” Stanislas Dehaene, 2010.
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So, how can readingchange the raisin brain?
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Home Literacy Environment Shared Reading
Quantitative Qualitative
Access to books
Engagement(Dialogic)
InterestReading Frequency
Format
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Study 1: Quantitative HLE and Brain Activation During Story Listening in 3-5 y/o Children
•Semantic Processing (Understanding)•Visual Imagery
Semantic network
Left Hemisphere
1. Adapted from Dehaene, “Reading the Brain,” 2010.2. Hutton, et al. Pediatrics, 2015.
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Study 2: Shared Reading Quality and Brain Activation During Story Listening in 4 y/o children
•Expressive language•Complex language processing•Social-emotional integration•Working memory/attention
Left Hemisphere
1. Adapted from Dehaene, “Reading the Brain,” 2010.2. Hutton, et al. The Journal of Pediatrics, 2017; presented at PAS 2016.
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What About the Child?
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Study 3: Child Engagement During Shared Reading and Brain Activation During Story Listening in 4 y/o
TURBOCHARGER for learning?•CerebELLAR association cortex•Map to L cerebral language/association•Highly active in language and reading
Right Cerebellum
Hutton, et al. PLOSOne, 2017.
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What About Educational Videos?
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AudioAudio +
Illustrations Animation
time
~5 minutes
Pause Pause
~5 minutes ~5 minutes
Studies 4 & 5: Influence of Story Format on Brain Network Connectivity in 3-5 year-olds
“Goldilocks Effect”
Too cold! Just right… Too hot!
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“Goldilocks Effect”Differences in Functional Brain Network Connectivity (FC) Between Story Formats
Illustration> Audio Animation > Illustration
“Too Hot” Global decrease in network FC
Focal visual perception Less efficient scaffolding Blunt imagery & sense of self Less “boost” for learning
“Just Right” Reduced strain on
language network Scaffolding by pictures
+ imagery Sense of self Cerebellar “boost”
“see”
“boost”
“self”
“imagine” “comprehend”
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“JUST RIGHT” SCAFFOLDING WITH PICTURE BOOKSNETWORK INTEGRATION FOR ILLUSTRATION > AUDIO
Pictures + imagery
Decreased strain on language network• Cross-hemispheric connections
“Turbocharger”
ImagerySense of self
Hutton, et al. Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting, 2018; In Revision.
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WHITHER, IMAGERY?DECREASED CONNECTIVITY FOR ANIMATION > ILLUSTRATION
Between Visual Imagery & Language Networks
Between Visual Perception and Default Mode Network
• -49% FCLess Imagery
• -37% FCBlunted imagery +
“Sense of self”
Hutton, et al. Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting, 2018; In Revision.
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ATTENTION!DECREASED CONNECTIVITY
FOR ANIMATION > ILLUSTRATION
Between Dorsal Attention (“top-down” focus) & Language
Between Ventral Attention (“bottom-up” reorienting ) & Visual Imagery
• -49% FCLess focus on
semantics/language
• -47% FCLess reorienting to
imagery
Hutton, et al. 2018; Under Review.
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Books & Behaviors:Reading Shapes Brains!
Home Literacy Environment Shared Reading
Quantitative Qualitative
Access to books
Engagement(Dialogic)
InterestReading Frequency
Source: Hutton, et al.
Format
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Story Time!
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1. Read Early and Often!
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2. Establish a routine starting in infancy (SHARE/STEP)
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3. Dialogic Reading!
Coming soon!
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4. Screen-free Until Three!
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5. Fiona!