building design example
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Integrated Civil Engineering DesignProject
(Building Structure Design Example)
CIVL 395
HKUST
By : Ir. K.S. Kwan
Date: 4/07
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Architectural Consideration
►Limitation (plot ratio, height, public facilities,slope)
► View/light/Wind climate
►Flat size, Number of Blocks
►Podium (Other Facilities – Cube house/ Carpark/
Commercial complex)
►Budget estimation
►Other considerations
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Case A : 45 storey
Lack of flexibility bystructural element
End wall should beeffectively used as shear
wall to provide betterstiffness
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To enhance the
stiffness of building by
linking the walls as much
as possible
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Lack of flexibility bystructural element
Too much wall
No support forslab
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End wall should beeffectively used as shear
wall to provide betterstiffness
Too much wall Beamahead
bedroom
Wall not allowed
in front of stairs
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Lintel BeamFor both wind
load and gravityload
Secondary Beamfor gravity load
only
Structural Framing Plan
Aspect ratio= 45x3/19
=7.0
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Case B: 15 storey
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Columnstructure used
Aspect ratio= 15x3/60=0.75
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Case C: 57 storey
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Aspect ratio
= 57x3/24.3=7.03
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Podium Structure
►To confirm the column layout under transferstructure
►To confirm the transfer plate/column layout
►To confirm the size of transfer structure (e.g.thickness of transfer plate)
► Evaluate the tower loading and estimate the sizeof transfer structure size
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Tower Framing plan
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TransferStructure undertower
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Supportingcolumns undertransfer structure
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Otherbeam/columnstructure below
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Otherbeam/columnstructurebelow
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Otherbeam/columnstructure below
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Preliminary Computer Model
►Use the effective members for first model
►
Estimate the member size for model inputbased on gravity load first and provide somereserve for wind load (say 20 ~40% of windload)
►Check top deflection < H/500
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Only analysis the critical wind direction
Only use the effective members for modeling
Minor wall notselected for
preliminarymodeling
Width of building to
calculate the wind load
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Tower model
Podium model
For preliminary model, only typicalfloor is used to simulate the wholetower.
Building height should be
maintained
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Element Checking
►Check critical lintel beam force (e.g. checkwind shear stress v=V/bd )
►Check critical element force (e.g. wallelement under high compression/tension)
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Loading Schedule Checking
Check average gravity load(Total D+L/Gross Floor Area = 15~20 KN/m2
Total axialforce = 0
Check total windshear force = total
wind force applied atthe building
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