BUILDING MATERIAL IN MALAYSIAN MARKET

NAME : AHMAD SYUKRIE BIN ZAINALREG.NO : 01DSB13F1066PROGRAM : CA104 MATERIAL FOR BUILDINGS CONSRTUCTION

MANSORY MATERIAL (BRICK)

Charactacteristics of Brick

Common brick Facing brick Engineering brick

Usage(Common Brick) COMMON brick is made of ordinary clays or shales and burned in The usual manner in the kilns. These bricks do not have special scorings or markings and are Not produced in any special color or surface texture. Common brick is also known as hard- and kiln-run brick. It is used generally for plastered wall. Most common brick is red. It is wired cut brick

Usage(Facing Brick) Is also used to distinguish high-quality brick from brick that is of

common-brick quality or less. Face brick is more uniform in color than common brick, and it may be

obtained in a variety of colors as well. It may be specifically finished on the surface, and in any case, it has

a better surface appearance than common brick. It may also be more durable, as a result of the use of select clay and

other materials,or as a result of special manufacturing methods.

Usage(Engineering Brick) FACE bricks are used in the exposed face of a wall and are higher quality. They have better durability and appearance. The most common colors of face brick are various shades of brown, red,

gray, yellow, and white. Clay Engineering bricks are defined in BS 6100 ‘Glossary of building and civil

engineering terms’ as ‘brick sized fired clay units having a dense and strong semi vitreous body,

conforming to defined limits for water absorption and compressive strength.’ In BS 3921 Engineering Bricks are classified as A or B based on minimum

compressive strength and maximum water absorption not falling below 70 N/mm2 – 4.5% and 50 N/mm2 - 7% respectively

Availability MANSORY MATERIAL (BRICK) A brick is a block of ceramic material used in masonry construction, laid using

mortar. Bricks may be made from clay, shale, soft slate, calcium silicate, concrete, or

shaped from quarried stone. Clay is the most common material, with modern clay bricks formed in one of

three processes - soft mud, dry press, or extruded.

Producing

BRICK Fig. 2 brick size

Fig 3. brick parts

Face brick ("house brick") sizes, from small to large

Standard Imperial Metric

United States 8 × 4 × 2¼ inches 203 × 102 × 57 mm

United Kingdom 8½ × 4 × 2½ inches 215 × 102.5 × 65 mm

South Africa 8¾ × 4 × 3 inches 222 × 106 × 73 mm

Australia 9 × 4⅓ × 3 inches 230 × 110 × 76 mm

TABLE SHOWS DIFFERENTS TYPES OF BRICK SIZES

PRICEOF BRICK

1 Sand Brick 1 unit RM2.10

2 Block Brick 1 unit RM1.50

3 Red Brick (Clay) 1 palet RM672.00

NAME OF COMPANY

NO. TYPE OF BRICK UNIT (RM) COMPANY ADDRESS

1 Sand brick 1 unit RM2.10 MAHSURI HARDWARE Sdn.Bhd,

Lot 1679, Simpang Perana, Langkawi

2 Block brick 1 unit RM1.50 MAHSURI HARDWARE Sdn.Bhd,

 

3 Red brick (clay) 1 palet RM672.00 MAHSURI HARDWARE Sdn.Bhd,

 

CONCRETE• What is a concrete The word concrete comes from the Latin word "concretus", which means

"hardened" or "hard". Concrete is a construction material composed of cement and aggregate (generally

a coarse aggregate such as gravel, limestone, or granite, plus a fine aggregate such as sand), water, and chemical admixtures. (Aggregate : Fine aggregate (sand) : Cement)

Concrete solidifies and softens after mixing with water and placement due to a chemical process known as hydration. The water reacts with the cement, which bonds the other components together, eventually creating a stone-like material.

Concrete is used to make pavements, architectural structures, foundations, motorways/roads, bridges/overpasses, parking structures, brick/block walls and footings for gates, fences and poles.

+ + =

Aggregate Sand Cement Concrete

Characteristics

CementWater in concrete

Aggregates

Usage for Cement

Cement Portland cement is the most common type of cement in general usage. Consists of a mixture of oxides of calcium, silicon and aluminium. Portland cement and similar materials are made by heating limestone (a

source of calcium) with clay, and grinding this product (called clinker) with a source of sulfate (most commonly gypsum).

Fig. PRODUCTION OF CEMENT

fig. PAKAGING OF CEMENT (50 KG)

Usage for water in concreteWATER

Combining water with a cementious material forms a cement paste by the process of hydration.

The cement paste glues the aggregate together, fills voids within it, and allows it to flow more easily.

Less water in the cement paste will yield a stronger, more durable concrete; more water will give an easier-flowing concrete with a higher slump.

Impure water used to make concrete can cause problems, when setting, or in causing premature failure of the structure.

Hydration involves many different reactions, often occurring at the same time. As the reactions proceed, the products of the cement hydration process gradually bond together the individual sand and gravel particles, and other components of the concrete, to form a solid mass.

Usage for aggregate

Fine and coarse aggregates make up the bulk of a concrete mixture. Sand, natural gravel and crushed stone are mainly used for this purpose.

Recycled aggregates (from construction, demolition and excavation waste) are increasingly used as partial replacements of natural aggregates, while a number of manufactured aggregates, including air-cooled blast furnace slag and bottom ash are also permitted.

Availability• Concrete may be made from cement , water and aggregate.• With cast-in-place concrete, materials are readily available; so project planners can

count on just-in-time delivery from local suppliers. Since preordering and lengthy delivery time is the norm with steel construction, the ready availability of concrete can save up to 20 weeks or more from the time management receives notice to proceed to actual construction start.

Cash Flow Comparison Dollars

Start-Up Time

Price

Material Per unit/1

Kuantiti RM

sand 1 lorry 120.00

cement 1 beg 19.50

aggregate 1 lorry 100.00

Name of company

NO. PMaterial Per unit Company Address

Kuantiti RM

1 sand 1 lorry 120.00 SENGLE (P.Langkawi) Hardware Engineering.

No.3 Pusat Mas, Depan SK Kelibang.Tel. 04-9668546. GAMBAR

2 cement 1 beg 19.50 SENGLE (P.Langkawi) Hardware Engineering.

3 aggregate 1 lorry 100.00 SENGLE (P.Langkawi) Hardware Engineering.