BUSI 321 GOLDEN CHAPTER 8

ORGANIZING

Grouping of activities necessary to attain common objectives and the assigning of each grouping to a manager.

Informal Organizations

BUSI 321 GOLDEN CHAPTER 8

DIVISION OF LABOR Job Scope: Number of different types

of operations performed on the job. Narrow scope tends to result in problems. Can fix narrow scope with more scope or

job rotation.

Job Depth: The freedom of employees to plan and organize their own work, work at their own pace, and move around and communicate as desired.A lack of depth can result in job

dissatisfaction and work avoidance.

BUSI 321 GOLDEN CHAPTER 8

ORGANIZING ESSENTIALS

Power: Ability to influence, command, or apply force.

Authority: Legitimate exercise of power.

Responsibility: Accountability for attainment of objectives, use of resources, and adherence to policies.

BUSI 321 GOLDEN CHAPTER 8

AUTHORITY PRINCIPLESParity Principle: Authority and

responsibility must coincide.Exception Principle (management by

exception): Managers should focus only on matters that deviate from the norm and let subordinates handle routine matters.

Unity of Command Principle: An employee should have one, and only one, immediate manager.

BUSI 321 GOLDEN CHAPTER 8

AUTHORITY PRINCIPLES

Scalar Principle (chain of command): Authority flows through the chain of managers one link at a time.

Span of Management (span of control): The number of subordinates a manager can effectively manage.Traditional view = 5 or 6 subordinates,

but recent viewpoints contend the number can be higher (situational factors).

BUSI 321 GOLDEN CHAPTER 8

ORGANIZING ESSENTIALSCentralization: Little

authority is delegated to lower levels of management.

Decentralization: A great deal of authority is delegated to lower levels of management.Empowerment

BUSI 321 GOLDEN CHAPTER 8

THE CHANGING WORKPLACE

Flextime

Telecommuting

Job Sharing