business english edgard

Dodatkowe materiay do kursu na pycie CD

Copyright Edgard, Warszawa 2005-2006

AngielskiBusiness English

Audio Kurs

Autorzy: Victoria Atkinson, Kevin Hadley, Magdalena Kasprzyk

Redaktor serii: Marta Kosiska

Lektorzy: Victoria Atkinson, Chris Beardsworth, Mark Dyson, Andy Edwins, Sharon Edwins, Michelle Park, Miogost Reczek

Muzyka i mastering pyty: Dariusz Kaliski

Projekt okadki: Piotr Fajker, Emilia Szulewa

Projekt graficzny: Studio 27

Skad i amanie: Lemon GRAPHICS www.lemon.com.pl

Copyright Edgard, Warszawa 2005-2006www.edgard.pl

www.jezykiobce.pl

25

8

11

20

23

26

29

32

35

UNIT 1The CompanyLesson 1.Company Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Lesson 2.Information Technology . . . . . . . . . 8Lesson 3.Marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Lesson 4.The job of a brand manager . . . . . . 12Lesson 5.Accountancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Lesson 6.Company Annual Report . . . . . . . . 15

UNIT 2Doing businessLesson 7.Advertising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Lesson 8.Finance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Lesson 9.Networking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Lesson 10.Conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

UNIT 3Money and businessLesson 11.Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Lesson 12.Internet banking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Lesson 13.The City of London . . . . . . . . . . . . 28& Stock Exchange

14

17

38

Wstp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Jak si uczy . . . . . . . . 4

Kurs w wersji mp3 - opis . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Spis treci

www.jezykiobce.pl

4Audio Kurs

4

Seria Audio Kurs suy do samodzielnej nauki jzyka angielskiego. Audio Kursw wystarczy sucha, nie jest konieczne wykonywanie dodatkowych wicze. Kada Lesson zawiera nauk nowych swek, nagranie zwizane z danym tematem oraz pytania sprawdzajce zrozumienie treci.

Z Audio Kursem mona uczy si na wiele sposobw. Przede wszystkim naley uwanie i wielokrotnie posucha wszystkich tekstw i dialogw. Nawet, jeeli przy pierwszym odsuchaniu wydadz si one za trudne lub niezrozumiae, to za kadym kolejnym razem bdziemy rozumie coraz wicej. Scenki i dialogi zostay tak opracowane, by w sposb aktywny wzbogaca zasb sownictwa, nie tylko biznesowego!

Jeeli nadal nie jestemy pewni, co usyszelimy, moemy zajrze do niniejszej ksieczki i porwna nagranie z tekstem. Warto przy tej okazji zwrci uwag na wszystkie nieznane swka wystpujce w tekcie i sprbowa zrozumie ich zna-czenie z kontekstu. Ksieczka moe okaza si bardzo pomocna dla wzrokowcw i osb pocztkujcych, ale nie tylko!

Nowych sw i zwrotw uczymy si przede wszystkim suchajc listy swek (wraz z tumaczeniami) na pocztku kadej lekcji. Dodatkowo, powtarzajc na

Jak si uczy?

Angielski Business English uczy sw i zwrotw zwizanych z funkcjono-waniem przedsibiorstw, bankowoci, finansami, reklam, marketingiem i in. zagadnieniami biznesowymi. Business English zawiera 13 rnorodnych lekcji i przeznaczona jest dla osb rednio zaawansowanych (przynajmniej po roku nauki) oraz zaawansowanych. Przyda si na pewno wszystkim, kt-rzy pracuj lub chc pracowa w zagranicznych firmach oraz posuguj si jzykiem angielskim w yciu zawodowym. Pyt mona odtwarza w dowolnym odtwarzaczu CD lub w komputerze. Doczony podrcznik zawiera transkrypcje wszystkich nagra, tumaczenia oraz odpowiedzi do wicze.

Wszystkich Uytkownikw Audio Kursw gorco zachcamy do zarejestrowa-nia si zarejestrowani Klienci otrzymuj atrakcyjne zniki na wydawnictwa firmy Edgard. Rejestracji mona dokona poprzez wysanie wypenionej karty rejestracyjnej lub na stronie internetowej www.edgard.pl.

Wstp

5www.jezykiobce.pl

ANGIELSKI BUSINESS ENGLISH

Kurs w wersji mp3 - opis

Angielski Business English w wersji mp3 zawiera pliki mp3 z nagraniami, podrcznik z transkrypcj wszystkich nagra i program komputerowy Vocabulary Trainer do utrwalenia znajomoci swek.

Pliki mp3 znajduj si w katalogu gwnym na pycie CD-ROM. Zawarto plikw odpowiada podziaowi na lekcje i cieki w ksieczce.

Program do nauki swek - Vocabulary Trainer

Vocabulary Trainer jest programem komputerowym, ktry pozwala utrwali i przewiczy znajomo wszystkich swek z kursu podstawowego. Oprcz nauki ze suchu z Audio Kursem, zachcamy do korzystania z programu Vocabulary Trainer i sprawdzenia swowej znajomoci nowego sownictwa.

Wicej informacji znajduje si w Pomocy do programu (dostpna zawsze pod F1).

Pomoc techniczna do programu www.edgard.pl

gos za lektorem wiczymy prawidow wymow i jeszcze skuteczniej zapamitu-jemy nowe zwroty. Ostatni czci kadej lekcji jest zestaw pyta sprawdzajcych zrozumienie treci nagrania. Po kadym pytaniu naley poda odpowied. W przy-padku, gdy mamy trudno z udzieleniem odpowiedzi na ktre z pyta, naley odsucha scenki jeszcze raz i odszuka odpowiedni informacj. Swoje odpowie-dzi mona porwna z rozwizaniami podanymi na kocu ksieczki.

Po przerobieniu caego materiau warto odtwarza pyt jeszcze co kilka dni lub tygodni. Radzimy sucha jej na zmian z innymi pytami z naszej serii At Work, Travel, Adventure.

Zapraszamy i yczymy sukcesw w nauce angielskiego!

66

Lesson 1. Company Structure

In this unit you will hear texts and dialogues dealing with day to day business issues. You will learn about the structures of different types of companies, what marketing departments do, the job of a brand man-ager, about the I.T. and accountancy departments and all about company annual reports. You will also learn lots of useful words and phrases about these topics.

2 How much do you know about the structure of companies and their differ-ent departments? Do you know what each of the departments is responsible for? In this lesson you will hear a lecture outlining three different company structures. Listen to words and phrases that are used in this text, together with their Polish translations, then listen to the recording.

to produce wytwarzamanagement struc-ture

struktura zarzdzania

hybrid mieszanyentrepreneurial sole trader

jednoosobowa dziaalno gospodarcza

start-up company firma zaczynajca dziaalno

flexible elastycznyresponsive szybko reagujcyto be on an equal footing

by w takiej samej sytuacji

flow of information przepyw informacjinucleus jdrooffshoot odgazienieto tackle sth radzi sobie z czymblend mieszankaboard of directors zarzdchairman of the board

prezes zarzdu

market policy polityka rynkowaexecutive wykonawczyto benefit sth przynosi korzyexpertise wiedza

i dowiadczenieexternal source of control

zewntrzne rdo kontroli

research and development

badania i rozwj

logistics logistykapurchasing department

dzia zakupw

commodity towarvendor sprzedawcawarehouse magazynhuman resources zasoby ludzkieto implement wdraato meet the objectives

osign cele

Unit 1 The Company

7www.jezykiobce.pl


The organisation of a company, in terms of its management structure, depends on its size. There are three main types of company structure: hierarchical, flat and a hybrid structure. A flat structure is characteristic for an entrepreneurial sole trader, and a start-up company. In these types of companies the owner of the firm is the manager, and usually performs all managerial duties. In this case, the manager retains sole responsibility for the business, with little outside intervention. However, they also assume all responsibility for any of the debts the business may incur. This type of structure allows daily personal interaction between the employees and their employer. This is the optimum structure for a small business, such as a nursing company, a retail outlet, or a taxi driver as they are able to be both flexible and responsive in their business dealings. In these companies all employees are on an equal footing with each other, with the manager presiding over them.

However, if the afore mentioned business expands, there will be more employees and the flow of information and speed of response can become disrupted. This leads us into our next structure, hybrid structures. When broken down, these resemble a central nucleus with four or more offshoots, working autonomously to tackle different areas of the busi-ness. Hybrid structures are a blend of two traditional organisations flat and hierarchical.

Traditional hierarchical structures are based on a pyramid structure and control operating processes through job standardization. In a typical medium sized pyramid company there is a Board of Directors which meets as often as required to discuss such issues as finance, corporate structure, long term policies and market policies, as well as product strategies. The Board is presided over by The Chairman of the Board, also known as the President or Chair. The people who make up the board consist of Non-Executive and Executive Directors. Non-Executive Directors are not full time employees of the company, and usually sit on other boards in other companies. These Non-Executive Directors benefit the company by providing them with their expertise and experience, as well as providing an external source of control for the company, as these people are not dependent on the management board.

Executive Directors are employed full time by the company, and are Vice Presidents or directors of departments. Such departments may include research and development, R&D, as it is sometimes known, in which the main focus is the research into and testing of new products. Logistics and the purchasing department deal with commodity buying, all contacts with vendors and the management of warehouses. The finance department, creates tax policies for the company, arranges long-term and short-term loans, and seeks efficient levels of finance for the company. The marketing department decides on the best selling strategies for a product. H.R. Human Resources, deals with recruitment, train-ing strategies, benefits plans, and all policies in relation to people.

The senior management of a hierarchical company report to the Board of Directors. The main tasks of senior management are to implement the policies approved by the board. Senior management presides over middle management and supervisors. Junior management and supervisors form the lowest level of the companys managerial struc-ture, and are responsible for teams of people and the meeting of the teams objectives.

Now listen to the lecture about company structure. Listen carefully and answer the questions that follow:

3

8Audio KursAudio Kurs

After listening to the recording, answer the following questions:

n How many different types of company structure are described in the lecture?n In the recording, which type of structure was described first? n What is a hybrid structure?n In a traditional hierarchical company, which employees sit on the board of directors?n Why are Non-Executive Directors important to a company?

Lesson 2. Information Technology

4

5 In this lesson you will hear a conversation between Suzie and Simon. Suzie is having problems logging on and Simon is trying to help her. Listen to words and phrases that are used in this text together with their Polish translations, then listen to the recording

helpdesk pomoc technicznato log on to the network

zalogowa si do sieci

the message popped up on my screen

na ekranie pojawia si informacja

locally lokalniedesktop komputer stacjonarnynetwork cable kabel sieciowyto plug in podczy

LED diodasocket gniazdkoinventory number numer inwentaryzacyjnysticker naklejkajinxed pechowysettings ustawieniato sort out poradzi sobie z czymremotely na odlego

6 Suzie has been on a business trip to London for the last week. She arrives at the office, sits down at her desk, switches on her computer, and tries to log on to the network. Nothing happens. Suzie rings the helpdesk for help. Listen carefully to the dialogue and answer the questions that follow.

- Hello, helpdesk, Simon speaking, what can I do for you?- I dont seem to be able to log on to the network.- Ok. Whats your name and where are you calling from?- Im Suzie Harding, from Marketing.- How do you know that you cant log on to the net?- When I tried, a message popped up on my screen saying that it couldnt see the network. And then asked me if I wanted to log in locally, whatever that means.

9www.jezykiobce.pl



n Where has Suzie been for the last week?n What happened when she tried to log on? n What is her laptops inventory number?n Has Suzie ever had problems logging on before? What happened?n Can Simon fix the problem from where he is?n What should Suzie do if no one comes to help her within the hour?

7

- Ok, right. What type of computer do you have?- Err... a black one?- Ok, I see, is it laptop or desktop?- A laptop.- I need you to look and see if your network cable is plugged in. Then I need you to check that the green LED is on just next to the socket.- Hang on just... a... second... Yes, its on.- And whats your computers inventory number? - My what?- You cant miss it, its on the silver sticker.- Aaah... oh yes... err LC1450.- Right, hang on in there for just a moment... Hummn... I dont see you on the net... - You know what? It was exactly the same the last time I went away to London. I had to ask for help then as well. I dont know. Maybe the citys jinxed or something!- This has happened before? Do you know if they did anything with your computer?- I dont know. Someone came, he looked at my computer. He was very nice. Yeah, actually, he must have done something, it was okay after that.- He probably changed your network address settings. Unfortunately I cant see your computer in the network, so I cant sort it out remotely. Someone will come and sort it out within the hour. Note down your ticket number, its 267421. Just in case no one comes, call us back and give us the number. Ok?- Yeah, thats great. Thanks a lot for all your help. Ill get a coffee and wait for them then.

Lesson 3. Marketing

8 In this lesson you will hear part of a seminar about marketing being given by Mark Powell. He will draw your attention to some key areas, as well as different aspects of marketing procedures. You may even want to try the exercise that he describes in the beginning yourself. Listen to words and phrases that are used in this text together with their Polish translations, then listen to the recording. Answer the questions that follow:

10

Audio Kurs

10

to increase income zwikszy przychodyto attract new clients przycign nowych

klientwpattern wzrsimplistic uproszczonynon-verbal poza werbalnyto combine poczycatchy slogan chwytliwe hasoto associate czy, kojarzyreliability niezawodnoincome bracket przedzia dochodwto target celowaservice range zakres usug

distribution channels kanay dystrybucjito refresh odwieytelevision commercials

reklamy telewizyjne

competitiors konkurencito launch wprowadzi na rynekmarket niche nisza rynkowaproduct life cycle cykl ycia produktuto increase ones customer base

rozszerzy rynek

non-current customer

potencjalny klient

to set goals wyznaczy cele

9 And now listen to the recording. You will hear part of a seminar about mar-keting being given by Mark Powell. Listen carefully and answer the ques-tions that follow:

Generally your marketing goal should be to increase your income, sell more products and attract new clients. I want to talk today about some ways of doing this and some areas for you to take into consideration.

What Id like you to do first is to draw any well-known brand logos you can think of... Good, now, you will start to see a pattern emerging amongst these well-known brands. All of them are simplistic, with a symbolic design where appropriate, they have geometric shapes, a well thought out style of lettering and also carry a certain amount of non-verbal impact, but most of all, the image, combined with a catchy slogan makes them memorable. But what is it you associate with these logos? Power? Speed? Reliability? Health? What is it that consumers associate with your logo?

The basis for a good marketing campaign starts with market segmentation, i.e. identifying the age, sex, income bracket, social class, and geographical location etc. of the group that you want to target. These people will become your key customers. After target identification we can move onto the marketing mix or the four Ps, as its more commonly known price, product, place and promotion. The marketing mix consists of the product or the service range that you are representing: the pricing policy, the distribution channels that will be used and the promotional methods, such as an advertising campaign, including radio and television commercials, magazine adverts, bill boards etc. SWOT analysis, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to your product also play an important role in your marketing mix. If you are working on a limited marketing budget, see if you can find an alternative way of advertising. Can you get your name into the press? Is there a sporting

11www.jezykiobce.pl


event that you can sponsor? This will get you free press coverage. Be as creative as possible when it comes to marketing on a budget. The four Ps will revolve around your U.S.P., or your unique selling proposition. Through marketing, you have to communicate why your product is better than that of your competitors. Is it faster, better quality, or cheaper etc.?

Now, not only do you have to worry about targeting your key market with your product, but you also have to think about how you are going to launch it as I mentioned earlier, that is where the four Ps come into play. Where is it that your products will be available, for example? Some brands of cosmetics are sold exclusively in pharmacies. When you have found your niche market, so to speak, you will need to think about your products life cycle. How will you refresh your consumers memories and remind them about your product? How, in turn, will you increase your customer base? Maybe a change in package design, or a new range, a promotion whereby you offer a more competitive price, or a different advertising campaign possibly, in some cases, a free sample of your product. Or, do you want the life cycle of your product to be quite rapid? As in the case of constantly updated mobile phones? Is there a need that needs to be satisfied? If not, is it possible to create one? Mobile phones are a good example of this. In the beginning, they were an executive tool. Then later they were targeted towards single women and children, so that in the event of something untoward hap-pening, they would be able to call for help. Nowadays, we have short message service, or sms, inbuilt cameras, access to the Internet, and the ability to choose our own ring tones. Mobile phone companies are creating needs that need to be satisfied, and in turn are reaching out to non-current customers and increasing their customer base.

What marketing goals would you like to set for your business? Would you like to see a 30% rise in sales at the end of the year? Would you like to attract more clients? In that case, set yourself a goal of contacting and retaining at least 10 new customers a week, or selling more of your prod-ucts. Now, if I could just ask you to look at page three of todays hand outs you will see...


n What combined with a brand logo makes a product memorable?n What does a good marketing campaign begin with? n What are the four Ps?n What does S.W.O.T. stand for?n How can you keep your product current and up to date?n How did mobile phone companies reach non-current customers?n How do mobile phone companies create needs that need to be satisfied?

10

12

Lesson 4. The job of a brand manager

11 In this lesson you will learn more specific information about brand management and the role it plays in product marketing. Listen to words and phrases that are used in this text, and their Polish translations. Then listen to the recording, and answer the questions that follow:

creative job twrcza pracaanalyst analitykplanner planistamarketing division dzia marketinguto revolve obraca siintroduction of new brands

wprowadzenie nowych marek

maintenance utrzymaniegrowth of existing brands

rozwj istniejcych marek

to monitor monitorowaperformance of the brand

wyniki marki

to improve a brands profile

poprawi profil marki

market awarness wiadomo rynkumarket research badania rynkudata danesales figures wyniki sprzedayon a monthly basis co miesicto set in motion wprowadzi w ycieto streamline poprawi,

zoptymalizowato take a snapshot tutaj: mie obraz

sytuacji

12 A brand manager is giving a short talk about his job to a group of first year marketing students. His aim is to give them a brief overview of his job, and then lead them into a question and answer session, where they can find out more specific information. Listen carefully:

Good morning, my names Mike Patterson. Id like to talk to you this morning about the job of a brand manager in a large company, and to give you an idea of the nature of the job. Many people see it simply as a creative job, only one step removed from the glamor-ous world of advertising. The reality however is somewhat different; the work is far more that of an analyst and a planner, as Ill now explain.

What, then, is the job of a brand manager? A brand manager is a key part of the market-ing division of a company. He is the hub around which everything else revolves. He is responsible for the introduction of new brands, and the maintenance and growth of existing brands. His primary job is to monitor and analyze the performance of his brands. With the results of the analyses he is then responsible for the task of improving the brands profile, and raising the markets awareness of it. In short, the brand manager must know his product better than anyone else and he must know and shape the direction in which it is going.

13www.jezykiobce.pl


Where does the brand manager fit into his organization? As I said, the brand manager belongs to a companys marketing division. Within the company he liaises with the finance division, the logistics division, and the sales team.

What tools does the brand manager use? In order to gain a clear idea of how his brand is performing, a brand manager must make use of market research data. To do this he decides what information he would like to have, and then works with a market research company to gain it. On a simple level, such companies can tell him, for example, how the public views his product, why they choose it over another one, and what they dont like about it.

The brand manager must also be aware of the sales figures regarding his product. These are prepared by the sales manager on a monthly basis, and at any one time allow the brand manager a snapshot of how his product is performing. Using this, he will also be able to analyze trends in the performance of the product compared to previous months or the previous year.

Armed with this knowledge, the brand manager basically does two things. Firstly, he develops medium and long-term plans, for example covering 1 or 2 years. Secondly, he develops and sets in motion short term plans, designed to streamline and improve the brand performance in the near future. After that brief introduction then, Id like to invite questions from you...


n What is the primary job of a brand manager?n Which division does the brand manager belong to? n How does he find out how his brand is doing?n What do sales figures tell a brand manager?n What does he do with this knowledge?

13

Lesson 5. Accountancy

14 Finance departments are important to every company, regardless of size. Within every finance department, there is at least one accountant. This les-son will cover the most important aspects of an accountants job. Listen to words and phrases that are used in this text, and their Polish translations. Then listen to the recording, and answer the questions that follow:

14

Audio Kurs

14

accountant ksigowyto enter the profession wej do zawoduto gain experience zdoby dowiadczeniefully qualified w peni wykwalifikowanyincomes przychodyexpenditure wydatkisalary pensjato record zapisywa, notowadouble-entry book-keeping

ksiga przychodw i rozchodw

key duty kluczowe zadanieledger rejestrindicator wskanik

shareholder udziaowiecsignificance znaczenieassets zasobyto perceive spostrzecintrinsic nieodcznyfinancial value warto finansowaturnover obrtto keep track of pilnowaincome tax podatek dochodowypenalty karamanifold wieloraki

15 Listen to this description of an accountants job and responsibilities, and the accountants placement within a company. Listen carefully, then answer the questions, which follow:

Every company has a finance department. In larger businesses, such departments have many staff, each dealing with different aspects of the companys finances. In smaller businesses, the finance department often only consists of one person, the accountant, who deals with everything.

To become a successful accountant you need a mixture of qualifications and experience. Whatever level you enter the profession at, whether it is at 16 or 21 after university, you will need to gain experience and study for several years at the very least, in order to become fully qualified.

On a very simple level, accountants are needed to manage finances. They keep track of incomes and expenditures. This includes everything from the sale of products to payment of salaries, and from the purchasing of new equipment, to the processing of business expens-es. Accountants record each transaction via a system of accountancy called double-entry bookkeeping, which dates back to Italy in the Middle Ages and has changed very little since.

As well as maintaining the all-important ledger, another key duty for an accountant is knowing the financial situation of a company at any given time. This is not as simple as it may seem at first, as a survey of financial performance can draw upon many indicators. Often, people such as small shareholders, might look no further than sales. However, to a CEO or financial analyst, they tend to be of limited significance. The value of a companys assets tends to be more important. This is easy to perceive when we consider that everything a business owns whether it is buildings, staff, or a brand has an intrinsic,

15www.jezykiobce.pl


financial value of its own. Any measure of a companys health should also include turn-over, the value of its equity, and the scale of its debt. An accountants job requires a deep knowledge of all of the above, along with the ability to communicate that knowledge to those who need it.

Some would say the most important aspect of the job is tax. The accountant is not only there to keep track of whats going out and coming in. He must be fully aware of all of the tax rules that apply to a company including income tax on salaries, corporation tax the tax companies pay on their profits and VAT. The penalties for interpreting the system inappropriately can be very high these days. In contrast, however, the benefits of a good accountant interpreting the system and all of its rules appropriately are manifold.


n What do you need to do in order to become a successful accountant?n What do accountants do? n What is an accountants key duty?n What else does the accountant have to know about the business?n Why is tax important to accountants?

16

Lesson 6. Company Annual Report

17 You are going to hear a briefing about the company annual report at Sea Breeze Cosmetics AGM. Listen to words and phrases that are used in this text together with their Polish translations, then listen to the recording.

CEO (Chief Executive Officer)

dyrektor zarzdzajcy

AGM (Annual General Meeting)

Walne Zgromadzenie

FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods)

dobra szybko zby-walne

steady growth stabilny wzrostprofit zyskexpansion ekspansjaahead of schedule przed terminem

hair care line linia kosmetykw do pielgnacji wosw

Q2 (quarter 2) drugi kwartafoothold in the market punkt zaczepienia na

rynkuadjustment przystosowanieguidelines wytyczneto iron out sth rozwiza cofacilities obiekty

16

Audio Kurs

18 And now listen to the recording. You will hear Mark Flint, Chairman and CEO of Sea Breeze Cosmetics Plc giving an overview of the companys perfor-mance during the last year of operations. Listen carefully, then answer the questions that follow:

Ladies and gentlemen, Mr. Mark Flint, Chairman and CEO of Sea Breeze Cosmetics Plc will now give an overview of the companys performance during the last year of operations.

Good afternoon. Id like to start by welcoming you all to the AGM. As you know, this year has been a difficult one for many companies in the FMCG sector. We, however, have had a relatively good 12 months. Id like to begin with a progress report summarizing Sea Breeze Cosmetics performance over this period. It has been a year of steady growth for our products. Profits have increased by thirteen percent. Turnover has grown by twenty percent.

As you will already be aware, this has been a significant year in terms of expansion for the company. In March we opened a state of the art warehouse with excellent connections both nationally and internationally. Furthermore, it was completed one month ahead of schedule.

In May we launched two new products: Wave and Free Spirit. The former is a soap that has been on the German market for five years, but which is new to the Polish market. The latter is a new addition to our roll-on deodorant portfolio. Both products have per-formed well so far, assisted by well-conceived media launches and follow-up campaigns.

In terms of what we have planned for the coming year, I can say that exciting times lie ahead. There is, I believe, already a sense of anticipation within the company regarding the expansion of our hair care lines we have a new line in shampoos and conditioners planned for the middle of Q2. The accompanying marketing campaign should see us quickly gaining a foothold in the market.

On the financial side, the coming year will also be an important one. We will complete adjustments to our accounting system that will bring us into line with new EU guidelines due to come into force in September. Thankfully we have already taken a significant number of steps to ensure that the new system is in place well before the deadline and any potential problems are ironed out.

Last, but certainly not least, the planned expansion of our R&D facilities is well on course. The buildings are close to completion and we are already close to finalizing the majority of senior staff appointments.

Thank you all very much for attending and I am sure you will agree with me that it has been an excellent year, and that the 12 months ahead are full of promise.

17www.jezykiobce.pl



n How far have profits and turnover increased over the last year?n What happened in March? n What are Wave and Free Spirit?n What expansions in hair care lines are being planned?n Why is the coming financial year important?

19

Lesson 7. Advertising

20 In this lesson you will hear a conversation that takes place between Alice Hodges, the marketing director of a furniture and furnishings chain, and Thomas Hubbard, an advertising consultant. Listen to words and phrases that are used in this text together with their Polish translations, then listen to the recording. Answer the questions that follow:

customer base podstawowi kliencicomprehensive wyczerpujcymail order catalogue katalog wysykowyto browse through przeglda, wyszukiwaretail outlet punkt sprzeday

detalicznejprofessional people ludzie pracujcy

zawodowostylish furniture stylowe mebleaffordable price rozsdna cenaadvent nadejcie czego

to boost sales znaczco zwikszy sprzeda

to post directly wysya bezporednioadvertising cam-paign

kampania reklamowa

to place an advert umieci ogoszenieto be in touch by w kontakcieperusal przeczytanie, przejrzenie

czegobreakdown of costs rozoenie kosztw

Unit 2 Doing Business

In this unit you will learn about advertising, some useful tips about finance and invoices, handy information about networking and business etiquette and also about attending conferences. You will also learn useful words and phrases in English that cover these areas.

18

Audio Kurs

21 A well-known high street furniture retailers has decided to launch a mail order catalogue service in order to broaden its customer base. Listen to the dialogue that takes place between the marketing director Alice Hodges and Thomas Hubbard an advertising consultant, who has come to discuss their advertising campaign.

- So far we have an average sized customer base with shops throughout the country. What we would like to do is reach further into the market, thus reaching out to non-current customers, therefore expanding our sales. We would like to do this by launching a fully comprehensive mail order catalogue, which allows customers the luxury of browsing through our products without having to come to one of our retail outlets.

- Can you tell me a little about your average customer?- Yes, we are aiming at the middle classes, preferably professional people with a limited

budget. This is our unique selling proposition, we offer stylish furniture and interior items, such as carpets, pictures, throws, plates, mugs etc, at an affordable price. We are hoping that the advent of a mail order catalogue will boost our sales.

- Have you thought about advertising on the web?- Yes, we have, but thats a project for a later date. We have something in the works, but

right now we just want to concentrate on our catalogue service.- What about distribution channels for your catalogue? Have you given any thought to

circulation? I am assuming that they will be available in all your stores. Would you like to post them directly to previous customers? Would you like to send them to potential customers who fit your target, or would you like to send them to both?

- Ideally we want to reach as many potential new customers as possible, so I would like to send catalogues to both current and potential clients through the mail, as well as have them available in our shops.

- Right, what about the advertising campaign for your new catalogue. What type of media would you like to use and where would you like to be seen?

- Well, we were thinking about a poster campaign, and also placing adverts in the local and national newspapers.- So, well be in touch shortly. Well research the cost of advertising space both on bill boards and in local and national newspapers. We will also have a potential campaign

drawn up for your perusal by the beginning of next week, and also a breakdown of all the potential costs involved.

- That sounds great. Thank you.


n What project is Alice planning to advertise and why?n What is the USP, unique selling proposition, of the furniture and furnishings?n What does Alice say about advertising on the web?n What distribution channels will they use for their catalogue?n Where does Alice want to advertise?n What is Thomas going to do?

22

19www.jezykiobce.pl


Lesson 8. Finance

In this lesson you will hear a short lecture about how to maintain good cred-it management and why. Then you will hear a short dialogue between two companies, highlighting some of the problems that may occur if a company fails to pay in time. Listen to words and phrases that are used in this text together with their Polish translations, then listen to the recording. Answer the questions that follow:

credit management zarzdzanie wierzytelnociami

to state sth okreli cointerest odsetkilate payments opnione patnociserivce rendered usuga otrzymana,

wykonanapolite grzecznyinsistent usilnyreminder przypomnienieto seek assistance szuka pomocy

solicitor prawnikdebt collection agency

firma windykacyjna

credit rating wypacalnoto put through poczy, przeczyto hold the line nie rozcza siinvoice number numer fakturypurchase order zamwienieterms and conditions

warunki

to take further action

podj dalsze kroki

And now listen to the recording. You will hear a brief lecture, then a dialogue about good credit management. Listen carefully then answer the questions that follow.

Good credit management is vital to the healthy running of any business. Establishing a good credit policy with your clients, which clearly states when payments will become due, and how much interest will be added to late payments may help you to avoid any misunderstandings later in the proceedings. If payment is still not received for services rendered, even after polite yet insistent reminders, then you may have to seek assistance from an outside party such as a solicitor or maybe even a debt collection agency. This is why it is advisable to check your potential clients credit rating to determine a credit limit before you go into business.

23

24

Listen to this dialogue that takes place between Frank Butcher from Manning Roofing and Jeff Daniels from Riders. Manning Roofing are late in their payments.

- Good morning Manning Roofing, Jennifer speaking, how may I help you?- Good Morning this is Jeff Daniels from Riders, could you put me through to someone in your accounting department please?- Certainly Mr. Daniels, if you could just hold the line for one moment please.

20

Audio Kurs


n What does a good credit policy state?n Who may you have to contact if your client fails to pay for services?n Why should you check your potential clients credit rating before going into business?n Why does Riders add an extra $248 to their original bill?n What does Jeff Daniels threaten to do if he doesnt receive payment over the next few days?

25

- Hello Frank Butcher here, what can I do for you?- Hello Frank, its Jeff Daniels here from Riders, Im calling you about an overdue account. Shall I give you the account details?- Yes, please.- Ok, our invoice number is 291977 and your purchase order is VA2627- If you could bear with me for just one moment while I bring it up on my screen... ok, yes, I have it now. Could you confirm the amount outstanding please?- Right, its $2,557.- Thats not the figure Im showing on my screen, our invoice states that $2,309 is owing.- Yes, $2,309 was the original invoice, but all late payments are subject to interest after thirty days, as is stated in our terms and conditions. We did notify you to this proce-dure in our last reminder letter. With the late payment interest added, the due payment becomes $2,557.- Oh, right. - Can you please tell me when we are to expect payment?- I dont understand why you havent already received payment. Ill look into the problem right now. Can I take your details and contact you later?- My number is 889053, extension number 135. Although Mr. Butcher I have to inform you that if I do not receive a call from you today, and receive payment over the next few days, we will be forced to take further action.- Yes, yes I understand, Ill contact you before three oclock today. Thank you. Good Bye.- Goodbye.

Lesson 9. Networking

In this lesson you will hear a brief lecture about successful networking and the differences in attitude between the British and the Americans when it comes to this activity. You will then hear part of a seminar about networking skills and the hows and whys of adding to your lists of contacts. Listen to words and phrases that are used in this text together with their Polish translations then listen to the recording.

26

21www.jezykiobce.pl


to network nawizywa kontaktyforeseeable przewidywalnypending spodziewanyswiftly byskawicznieto break off contact zerwa kontakt

mutual benefit obustronne korzycito come in handy przyda siwithout a doubt bez wtpieniato be underway dzia si, by w trakcieto maintain contact utrzymywa kontakt

You are going to hear a short lecture about networking, and then an extract from a networking skills course. Listen carefully, then answer the questions that follow.

Do you know the saying in business that you are never more than five contacts away from the person you want or need to meet? This is where the ability to network successfully comes into play. British and American modes of networking differ in a very subtle way. A British person will usually maintain contact with a source, even if no foreseeable use is pending. Americans on the other hand will swiftly break off contact if they feel that nothing is to be gained from a source. Whichever approach you favour, remember that it is always advisable to keep a few business cards on hand, as you never know who you will meet and where.

27

Harry Sing is attending a one day course aimed at helping people to improve their networking skills. Janet Simpson is the woman who is running the course.

- Right, what kinds of activities come to mind when I say networking.- Meeting new people. Building up contacts with people. Adding to your contacts.- Self advertising, the more people you meet, and add to your... umm contact list, err, the more people know you.- Yes, yes excellent, some very good points there, can anyone think of anything else? No? What about building up contact links for mutual benefit? Can you give me any reasons why this should be important? Yes, Harry?- Well, um, we are all good at different things. We all specialise in different areas, err, we cant all do everything, so, if we have contacts with lots of different people, we can use their skills and their expertise, and sometimes even their hobbies and interests to help us get things done, and vice versa.- Thats exactly the answer I was looking for. Right, now, I have a little exercise I want you all to do. Under your chairs you will find a piece of paper with information on it. The paper will tell you your name, your occupation and your skills, areas of specialisation and something about your hobbies and interests. Your task is to network with the other people in the room and find out things about them, not just what they do for a living, but also a little personal information too; you never know when it might come in handy. There are two different projects underway at the same time, so not all the contacts you make will be useful. However, it will not be immediately obvious who you need to main-

22

Audio Kurs


n How many contacts are you away from the person that you need to meet?n What are the subtle differences between British and Americans when it comes to maintaining contacts?n Why should you always carry business cards with you?n Why is it important to build up contact links for mutual benefit?n Why is it important to know other things about your contacts, other than what they do for a living?

28

tain contact with, so keep a list of all the people you meet and any information you think may come in useful later. Any questions? No? Okay, we have 35 minutes to complete this exercise, after which we will come back together as a group and look at our results and then well break for lunch.

Lesson 10. Conference

In this recording you will learn some useful tips about the differences in business etiquette between the British, the Americans, and the Poles. You will then hear a short dialogue between Nancy Drew from British Telecom and Charlene Standbridge from Intercom Trading. Listen to words and phrases that are used in this text together with their Polish translations, then listen to the recording.

to shake hands poda sobie rceintroduction przedstawienie (kogo,

komu)subsequently nastpnieworth remembering wart zapamitaniaembarassing moments niezrczne sytuacjeformal oficjalnysmall talk krtka pogawdkato get down to business przej do intereswcounterpart partner, odpowiednik

in hand ktrym si obecnie zajmujemy

personal comfort zone strefa prywatnatip rada, wskazwkaname badge identyfikatorbooklet broszuracoincidence zbieg okolicznocito commute dojedato introduce someone przedstawi kogoto put a face to the name

pozna kogo osobicie

29

Listen to the first recording, you will hear a brief lecture about differences in etiquette between the British, the Americans and the Poles. Then listen to the dialogue. Answer the questions that follow.

30

23www.jezykiobce.pl


Differences in etiquette between the Poles, the British and the Americans are small but worth noting. Whereas the British and the Americans will shake hands during the first meeting, or introductions, they do not shake hands subsequently. If you are Polish, this is worth remembering, as it could potentially lead to some embarrassing moments. Americans tend to be less formal than both the British and the Poles, they will usually call you by your first name, so do not be surprised. The British favour small talk before getting down to business, whereas their American counterparts like to get straight to the business in hand. Personal comfort zones are roughly the same, being around 50cm 120 cm. One last tip, dont be late. Punctuality is particularly important to both the Americans and the British.

Nancy Drew is attending an Information Technology Conference, she has just fin-ished registration and has collected her name badge and booklet and thinks she sees someone else who is also attending the conference.

- Hello there, I see from your booklet youre attending the same conference as me, my name's Nancy Drew.- Hi, yeah, I am. Im Charlene Standbridge from Intercom Trading. Good to meet you

Nancy, who is it that youre here with today?- Im here with British Telecom.- Really, what a coincidence. Our companys just started trade negotiations with British Telecom. - Yes, yes I know. You are working with my colleague Ralph Bainforth. I recognized your name. Hes here today as well, have you met him yet?- Hes here too? No, I havent met him yet. It would be great if you could introduce us though. It would be nice to put a face to the name. So far weve only been communicating via e-mail and over the phone.- Sure, no problem. Hes around somewhere.- Are you from London?- No, actually Im from Devon; Ive commuted up for the conference.- Im staying at The Hilton, where are you staying? Maybe we can all meet later and have dinner or something?- Yes. That would be great. Im staying at The Rangers with Ralph. Im sure hell be free later too. We can ask him when you meet him. Its time for the conference to begin, shall we go?

After listening to the text and dialogue, answer the questions that follow:

n When is it appropriate to shake hands with the British or American person?n Are Americans more or less formal than British and Poles?n What do the British like to do before getting down to business?n According to the text, what is the optimum space for a comfort zone?n Who has Charlene Standbridges company recently started trade negotiations with?n Who is it that Charlene Standbridge wants to meet?n What does she suggest doing after the conference?

31

24

Audio Kurs

Lesson 11. Bank

32 In this lesson you will hear why all companies require bank accounts. There is a plethora of financial institutions to choose from, but choosing the right one is dependent on your needs. Listen to words and phrases that are used in this text together with their Polish translations; then listen to the recording.

bank account konto w bankuretail bank bank detalicznymerchant bank bank handlowybuilding society kasa mieszkaniowathrift oszczdnoto enhance wzmocni, poprawiscam oszustwocurrent account rachunek biecydeposit account rachunek oszczdnociowyloan poyczkamoney transfer przelewlocal branch lokalny oddziachequebook ksieczka czekowa

overdraft debetbills rachunkistanding order stae zleceniecredit card karta kredytowadebit card karta debetowamortgage hipotekaproperty wasnoset APR (annual percentage rate)

stay roczny procent

installment ratacorporate client klient korporacyjnybad debts tzw. ze dugicash flow pynno finansowa

Unit 3 Money & Business

In this unit you will learn about different financial institutions and the range of services they offer. You will hear texts and dialogues about banking, Internet banking, the City of London and the Stock Exchange. You will also learn lots of useful words and phrases about these different institutions.

33 Now listen to the recording about financial institutions and the services they provide. Answer the questions that follow.

All businesses, regardless of size are required to have bank accounts. Without bank accounts, many transactions would simply not be possible. There are different types of banks; there are Retail Banks, Merchant Banks, Building Societies, and Specialised Institutions. As the use of the Internet continues to expand, more banks and thrifts are using the Web to offer products and services or otherwise enhance communications with

25www.jezykiobce.pl


consumers. The Internet offers the potential for safe, convenient new ways to shop for financial services and conduct banking business 24/7. However, safe banking online involves making good choices decisions that will help you avoid costly surprises or even scams.

Retail banks are the most commonly used for personal purposes, as they provide cur-rent accounts, deposit accounts, loan arrangements, and money transfers. It is very easy to open an account either for business or personal accounting. Firstly you need to decide which financial institution you want to bank with, be it a building society or a high street bank. Secondly you go to your local branch and open your account; this will require identification, and other personal documents and information. Thirdly, some money! Some banks require that you open your account with a minimum balance, so it is always wise to check how much beforehand. After your personal or business account is open, you will have access to a range of services. You will have a checking account, whereby the bank will issue you with a chequebook and a cheque guarantee card, that can also usu-ally be used as a debit card. Some banks offer online banking or phone banking. You can make account arrangements without leaving your house. Sometimes it can save you a lot of time if you can avoid standing in long queues at the bank. In some instances the bank or building society will set up an overdraft system which allows you to borrow money from the bank up to a set limit. These types of accounts also allow you to pay off your bills, whether it is the monthly bill for the electric, or your employees salaries. These types of transactions are known as direct debits or standing orders.

Banks can also issue you with company or personal credit cards. Credit cards are different to debit cards. Whereas the latter take money from your account, the former charges you for your purchases at the end of the month plus interest. Besides, paying by Credit Card usually brings you additional benefits.

If you are interested in taking out a mortgage on a property then the bank or the building society is the place to turn to. You can get a mortgage with a set APR, annual percentage rate, so you will know how many years it will take you to pay it off and how much. You can arrange a debit system to take the monthly installments for your mortgage directly out of your account.

Merchant Banks do not deal with the public, but with companies and corporate custom-ers. They specialise in securities for businesses and also cover corporate finance and investment management. In these banks, money lending is only a small part of their busi-ness. Building Societies provide loans for those who want to purchase homes. Yet, they also offer a range of banking facilities as well as investments and insurance. Specialised Institutions fill any areas that are not covered by the afore mentioned banking sectors. Such specialised institutions cover Finance Houses, who specialise in providing credit to both the private and the corporate sector, i.e., mortgages, hire-purchase, and install-ment credit. Leasing Companies, lease equipment and/or machinery in return for a rental fee. Factoring, or invoice discounting companies provide finance to business units, thus allowing them to avoid bad debts or cash flow problems. Venture Capital Companies pro-

26

Audio Kurs

Lesson 12. Internet banking

In this lesson you will hear two friends Suzie and Amy talking about Internet banks and all the features they offer. Listen to words and phrases that are used in this text together with their Polish translations; then listen to the recording.

to treat yourself to sth

pozwoli sobie na co, zrobi sobie przyjemno

banking bricks and mortar style

korzystanie z usug tradycyjnego banku

secure bezpiecznyhandy wygodny, przydatnypast transactions wykonane transakcjebalance saldofraudulent sfaszowany, podrobionyprivacy policy polityka prywatnoci

to opt out odznaczyto share info dzieli si informacjamito receive offers otrzymywa ofertyencrypted zaszyfrowanyencoded zakodowanyscrambled znieksztaconyabove board jawny, uczciwy, godny

zaufaniato use ones common sense

kierowa si zdrowym rozsdkiem

Listen to the recording. You will hear Amy and Suzie talking about the ben-efits and pitfalls of Internet banking. Listen carefully, then answer the ques-tions that follow:

35

36

- So Suzie, what would you like to do today? Maybe we could go into town, do some shop-ping, treat ourselves to some lunch somewhere nice and perhaps to the cinema later? It isnt often that we both have the day off together, you know!

- That sounds like a superb idea, but maybe we can meet for lunch, and then shop and go to the cinema after. Ive got so many bills to pay, I need to sort everything out and do some


n What project is Alice planning to advertise and why?n What is the USP, unique selling proposition, of the furniture and furnishings?n What does Alice say about advertising on the web?n What distribution channels will they use for their catalogue?n Where does Alice want to advertise?n What is Thomas going to do?

34

vide medium and long term financing to new and developing businesses that, for what-ever reasons, were unable to procure finances via more traditional methods, i.e. banks, building societies, and the stock exchange.

27www.jezykiobce.pl


running around first.- What? Dont tell me that you are still banking bricks and mortar style? That will take you

ages. Do what I do, get yourself a virtual bank account and pay all your bills and manage your finances that way.

- A what?- A virtual bank account on the Internet. Its a fabulous arrangement, its totally secure and I

can check my finances 24/7!- Yes, Im sure thats handy, but I actually want to pay my bills, not just look at my finances.- No, you can do everything at a virtual bank that you would do at an ordinary bricks and

mortar high street bank. In fact, most high street banks also offer e-banking services, so then you can brick and click. I bet your bank offers this service, most do these days.

- Go on, tell me more, Im interested, especially if this Internet banking thing will save me time.

- Well, theres so much you can do, where should I start, ummn, you can see all of your past transactions over the last 90 days. You can pay bills as well as receive them online, and have access to your complete bill payment history, so you can check that all bills have been paid on time. You can check the balance of all your accounts simultaneously. You can transfer funds, without having to go to the bank. You can order cheques. You can even apply for a mortgage or a personal loan on line, not to mention making investments. You can even access all these things through your cell phone if you want to.

- Wow, thats great. That would save me so much time, I could cut out a lot of my paper work then I wouldnt have to worry as much about losing my bills! Thats got to be good for the environment too, just think about how many trees Ill save if I bank on line. Are you sure its safe though?

- As with anything, youve got to be careful. If you want to open an account Ill help you. Sometimes there are virtual banks on the net that are fraudulent, they look like proper banks, but theyre not. They are just a clever way for thieves to steal your money and your personal information. When you open an account, review the privacy policy some companies share some of your information with other interested parties so opt out if you dont want to share any info or receive other offers. Sometimes cookies are created to mon-itor your browsing habits they should say when this is happening, you can block them, but sometimes this interferes with the services that are on offer. Always check that the site that you are working on is secure. If you see http at the top of your screen, followed by an s https it means that your information is secure. Your information has either been encrypted, encoded or scrambled, either way; no-one else will see it. Sometimes you see a little padlock; this also means that the site is secure.

- So its all safe and above board then?- Yeah, pretty much. You just have to use your common sense. Dont have any other browser

windows open at the same time, and dont give out your pin number or any other personal information unless you know whos asking for it, and why they want it.

- Great. So, the plan for the day is to pay my bills and sort out my finances, then Ill pop over to your house, we can open an e-account, then have lunch, shop till we drop and then go to the cinema.

- Ok, Ill see you at mine about noon.

28

Audio Kurs

Lesson 13. The City of London & Stock Exchange

In this lesson you will hear a brief history and some interesting facts and figures about the London Stock exchange. You will also hear some interest-ing information about the stock market. Listen to the words and phrases that are used in this text together with their Polish translations, then listen to the recording. Answer the questions that follow.

insurance ubezpieczeniamaritime morskifund management zarzdzanie funduszamistock exchange giedadenied acces wstp wzbronionytrading floor parkiet (na giedzie)

stockbroker maklerauthorised uprawnionydividends dywidendysecurities obligacjeshares udziayissue emisja

In this recording you will hear a little of the history of the City of Londons Stock exchange, and other interesting and useful information about its background. Then you will hear a brief text about the trading floor of a stock exchange. Listen carefully then answer the questions that follow.

38

39

The City of London is at the heart of the worlds financial markets. It is also simply referred to as the City, or the Square Mile because its situated within the walls of the original city of Londinium. The City has a unique political status, inherited some cen-turies ago. Its electoral system has nothing to do with democracy, which seems strange nowadays.

The term The City is often used to refer to the financial world in Britain in general, and there is much to refer to. London is Europes leading financial center. There are 468 banks in London, more than in any other city in the world. The London foreign


n Why cant Suzie spend the whole day with her friend?n What does Amy tell Suzie to do?n What kind of virtual bank services does Amy tell Suzie about?n Amy tells Suzie that she will help her open a virtual bank account, because she has to be careful, why?n How do you know if the site you are working on is secure?n What are Suzie and Amys plans for the afternoon?

37

29www.jezykiobce.pl



n Which city is at the heart of the worlds financial markets? n Which term is sometimes used to refer to the financial world in Britain in general?n How many banks are there in London?n What is the Bank of England colloquially known as?n What three levels of service do stockbrokers offer? What are they called?n Investors fall into three categories, bears, bulls and stags. What exactly does this mean?

40

exchange market is the largest in the world, its turnover amounts to 31% of global turn-over. The London Metal Exchange is the biggest metals exchange in the world. The City also has the most developed insurance, maritime, fund management and banking mar-ket in the world with the central bank of the United Kingdom, the Bank of England, known as The Old Lady of Threadneedle Street or just The Old Lady.

The London Stock Exchange is the most international of all stock exchanges with nearly 500 companies from all over the world permitted to trade there. 30% of people employed in financial services in Great Britain work in London, and they conduct more than half of all the European Unions financial dealings.

***

The public is denied access to the trading floor of the stock exchange, so all trading activities have to be carried out by stockbrokers. Stockbrokers offer three levels of ser-vice. The first is Deal; this is the cheapest and most simple service, they are only autho-rised to buy and sell stock. They do not offer any advice or opinions. The second is Advisory; here the broker consults with the investor and advises them on when to both buy and sell, and on the composition of their portfolio. The third is Discretionary; this is the most expensive and the most sophisticated of all services on offer. The broker man-ages the investors portfolio, and maintains regular contact with the investor to inform them about the worth of their dividends.

Investors fall into three categories. Bears, bulls and stags. Bears sell their securities in the hope of buying them back later at a lower price. Bulls buy securities in the hope of sell-ing them later at a higher price. Stags apply for new issues shares that are being sold to the public for the first time, in the hope of making a profit on some of the shares when dealing starts.

30

Audio Kurs

Odpowiedzi do pytaLesson 1n How many different types of company structure are described in the lecture? There are three different types: flat structure, hierarchical structure and hybrid structure.n In the recording, which type of structure was described first? The flat structure.n What is a hybrid structure? Hybrid structure is a blend of flat and hierarchical types of structure.n In a traditional hierarchical company, which employees sit on the board of directors? Executive Directors.n Why are Non-Executive Directors important to a com-pany? They benefit the company with their expertise and provide an external source of control.

Lesson 2n Where has Suzie been for the last week? She has been to London.n What happened when she tried to log on? The massage popped up on her screen saying that it couldnt see the network.n What is her laptops inventory number? It is LC1450.n Has Suzie ever had problems logging on before? What hap-pened? Yes, she has had prob-lems with logging in. She had to ask for help.n Can Simon fix the problem from where he is? No, he cant sort it out remotely.n What should Suzie do if no one comes to help her within the hour? She should call the helpdesk and give them her ticket number.

Lesson 3n What combined with a brand logo makes a product memo-rable? It is a catchy slogan that combined with a brand logo makes a product memorable.n What does a good marketing campaign begin with? It begins

with a market segmentation.n What are the four Ps? The four Ps are: product, price, place and promotion.n What does S.W.O.T. stand for? S.W.O.T. stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.n How can you keep your product current and up to date? You can for example change the package design, introduce a new range or organise a promotion.n How did mobile phone companies reach non-current cus-tomers? They constantly update mobile phones.n How do mobile phone com-panies create needs that need to be satisfied? They introduce new services for example short message service, inbuilt cameras, access to the Internet or the pos-sibility of choosing the ring tone.

Lesson 4n What is the primary job of a brand manager? His responsible for introducing new brands and maintenance and growth of the existing brands.n Which division does the brand manager belong to? He belongs to the marketing depart-ment.n How does he find out how his brand is doing? He makes use of the market research data.n What do sales figures tell a brand manager? Using them he is able to analyze trends in the performance of the product com-pared to previous months or the previous year.n What does he do with this knowledge? He develops and sets in motion short, medium and long-term plans meant to stream-line and improve the brand per-formance.

Lesson 5n What do you need to do in order to become a successful accountant? You need a mixture of qualifications and experience.

n What do accountants do? They manage finances and keep track of incomes and expendi-tures.n What is an accountants key duty? Accountants key duty is to know the financial situation of a company at any given time.n What else does the accoun-tant have to know about the busi-ness? He must know all of the tax rules that apply to a company.n Why is tax important to accountants? Because the penal-ties for interpreting the system inappropriately can be very high and on the other hand benefits of interpreting them appropriately can be manifold.

Lesson 6n How far have profits and turn-over increased over the last year? Profits have increased by 13% and turnover has grown by 20%.n What happened in March? In March they opened a state of the art warehouse.n What are Wave and Free Spirit? Wave is a soap new to the Polish market and Free Spirit is a new roll-on deodorant.n What expansions in hair care lines are being planned? There is a new line in shampoos and con-ditioners planned for Q2.n Why is the coming financial year important? Because they will complete adjustments to their accountant system due to the new EU guidelines coming into force in September.

Lesson 7n What project is Alice plan-ning to advertise and why? She is planning to advertise a launch of a fully comprehensive mail order catalogue in order to expand their sales.n What is the USP, unique sell-ing proposition, of the furniture and furnishings? They offer styl-ish furniture and interior items in affordable prices.n What does Alice say about

31www.jezykiobce.pl


Odpowiedzi do pytaadvertising on the web? She says that this is a project for a later date.n What distribution channels will they use for their catalogue? She would like to send it to both current and potential customers through the mail as well as have the catalogue available in all their stores.n Where does Alice want to advertise? She wants to have a poster campaign and to place adverts in the local and interna-tional newspapers.n What is Thomas going to do? Hes going to research the cost of advertising space on bill-boards and in newspapers and to draw up a potential campaign.

Lesson 8n What does a good credit policy state? Good credit policy states when payments will become due and how much interest will be added to late payments.n Who may you have to con-tact if your client fails to pay for services? You may have to contact a solicitor or a debt col-lection agency.n Why should you check your potential clients credit rating before going into business? You should check it in order to deter-mine a credit limit before going into business.n Why does Riders add an extra $248 to their original bill? Because all late payments are subject to interest after thirty days.n What does Jeff Daniels threaten to do if he doesnt receive payment over the next few days? He threatens to take further action, i.e. contact a debt collection agency.

Lesson 9n How many contacts are you away from the person that you need to meet? You are only five contacts away from any person

that you need to meet.n What are the subtle differenc-es between British and Americans when it comes to maintaining con-tacts? A British person will usually maintain contact, even if no fore-seeable use is pending, while an American person will break off the contact if they feel that nothing is to be gain from the source.n Why should you always carry business cards with you? Because you never know who you will meet and where.n Why is it important to build up contact links for mutual benefit? Because if we have contacts with many different people we can use their skills or expertise to help us and vice versa.n Why is it important to know other things about your contacts, other than what they do for a liv-ing? Because you never know when it might come in handy.

Lesson 10n When is it appropriate to shake hands with the British or American person? It is appropri-ate to shake hands with the British or American person only during the first meeting.n Are Americans more or less formal than British and Poles? They tend to be less formal.n What do the British like to do before getting down to busi-ness? The British like to have a small talk before getting down to business.n According to the text, what is the optimum space for a comfort zone? Optimum space is for a comfort zone is 50-120 cm.n Who has Charlene Standbridges company recently started trade negotiations with? They have started negotiations with British Telecom.n Who is it that Charlene Standbridge wants to meet? She wants to meet Ralph Bainforth, the man form British Telecom she is working with.n What does she suggest doing

after the conference? She sug-gests meeting up later and having dinner.

Lesson 11n What type of bank is the most commonly used for personal pur-poses? It is the retail bank.n What other types of financial institutions are on offer? There are also merchant banks, building societies, specialised institutions. n What does an overdraft sys-tem allow you to do? It allows you to borrow money from the bank up to a set limit.n In what way are credit cards different from debit cards? Debit cards take money from your account, while credit cards charge you for all your purchase at the end of the month.n Where do you go if you want to take a mortgage out on a prop-erty? You can turn to a bank or a building society.n What other areas of the banking sector do specialised institutions cover? They cover such areas as providing credits to both the private and the corporate sector, leasing equipments or machinery, financing to new and developing businesses etc.

Lesson 12n Why cant Suzie spend the whole day with her friend? Because she has bills to pay and has to sort it out.n What does Amy tell Suzie to do? She advises her having a vir-tual bank account which will save her time and money.n What kind of virtual bank services does Amy tell Suzie about? For example you can see past transactions, pay the bills on-line, check the balance of your account, transfer funds without having to go to the bank etc.n Amy tells Suzie that she will help her open a virtual bank account, because she has to be careful, why? Because sometimes there are virtual banks on the

32

Audio Kurs

Odpowiedzi do pytanet that are fraudulent and allow thieves to steal your money and personal information.n How do you know if the site you are working on is secure? If the address of the site begins with https it means that the site is secure.n What are Suzie and Amys plans for the afternoon? The plan is to open an e-account for Suzie, then to have lunch together and to go shopping.

Lesson 13n Which city is at the heart of the worlds financial markets? It is London.n Which term is sometimes used to refer to the financial world in Britain in general? The term the City is sometimes used in that way.n How many banks are there in London? There are 468 banks in London.n What is the Bank of England colloquially known as? It is known as the The Old Lady of Threadneedle Street or The Old Lady.n What three levels of service do stockbrokers offer? What are they called? They offer buying and selling stock this service is called Deal, when they consult with investor what to buy it is called Advisory and the third service is management of the investors portfolio which is called Discretionary.n Investors fall into three cat-egories, bears, bulls and stags. What exactly does this mean? Bears sell their securities and want to buy them later at a lower price, bulls buy securities and want to sell them later at a higher price and stags buy only new issues and want to make profit when dealing starts.

business english edgard

Documents

przyda si

z audio kursem mona

wersji mp3

kada lesson

nia si zarejestrowani

posuguj si jzykiem angielskim

pierwszym odsuchaniu

ksieczka moe okaza si