busy farms and seaports unit 3, chapter 6, lesson 3 pages 240 – 245
TRANSCRIPT
Busy Farms and Seaports
Unit 3, Chapter 6, Lesson 3Pages 240 – 245
OBJECTIVES
• Explain why people chose to settle in the Middle Colonies
• Understand the types of jobs and businesses that people had in the Middle Colonies
RICH FARMLANDS
• Middle Colonies very fertile soil
• Most people made their living by farming
• New England Colonies soil is rocky, not as good for farming
Crops, Livestock, & Trade
• Main Crops: Wheat, Corn, and Rye• Dairy cows & Pigs also abundant in
the Middle Colonies• Farmers – traveled to market
towns– Sell or trade livestock– Gristmill – ground grain to flour
Port City
• Merchants at merchant towns took the good they bought from farmers to port cites
• Port cities were major trade centers in the Middle Colonies
• Prosperity – economic success, depended on port cities
New York
• NYC – most important trade city• Hudson River• Farmers, fur traders, and lumber
workers would float goods down the river to NYC
• 1664 – only 30 ships each year• 1750 – 600 ships each year• 2nd busiest port in the English
colonies
Philadelphia
• The busiest port• Built along the Delaware River• Farmers, merchants, & traders moved to
Philadelphia• Goods sent down Delaware River to the
port• From Philadelphia goods sailed down to
Delaware Bay and then across the Atlantic
Exports and Imports
• Exports: same as New England (furs, meat, lumber), but they also exported wheat and grains
• Remember: EXPORT = EXIT from the Colonies to another location
• Imports(from England): Furniture, tea, gunpowder, medicines, metals, and slaves
Colonial Jobs
• Farming
• Shipping
• Skilled trades: iron working
• Artisans – craft workers – most came as indentured servants
Making Goods
• Artisans used raw materials to make goods
BLACKSMITHS
• USED IRON TO FORM HORSESHOES AND TOOLS
BRICKLAYERS
• WORKED WITH STONE AND CLAY TO PAVE STREETS AND RAISE BUILDINGS
ARTISANS DEPENDING ON FARMING
• BAKERS• BUTCHERS• FLOUR MILLERS• SOAP MAKERS
DRESSMAKERS & TAILORS
• USED WOOL, LINEN, AND COTTON TO MAKE CLOTHING
Learning a Trade
• Rich families went to college to be lawyers, bankers, or ministers
• Skill Artisan work not taught in college
• Apprentice – lived and worked with an artisan & his family for several years to learn a skill
• Journeyman then a Master• Artisan jobs practiced by men
Women
• Little work outside the home• Most not allowed to own property
or business• Once married, husband became
owner of everything she had• If the husband died, a wife would
take over husbands business
How did people in the Middle Colonies learn to
do skilled jobs?
• They became apprentices, living and working with artisans to learn skills. They then became journeyman and finally masters.
What is a grist mill?
• A place to ground grain into flour