By B. Moore, D. By B. Moore, D. White, T. Beasley White, T. Beasley , D. York and S. , D. York and S.

James James 44thth period Science and period Science and

Technology Project Technology Project

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A collection of A collection of two or more two or more

tissues that work tissues that work together to together to perform a perform a

function called…function called…An organAn organ

Arrange in order from Arrange in order from least to most complex least to most complex the following: heart, the following: heart,

cardiac muscle, heart cardiac muscle, heart cell, circulatory system.cell, circulatory system.

Heart cellHeart cellcardiac musclecardiac muscle

heartheart circulatory systemcirculatory system

Explain the Explain the relation of an relation of an

organ to a tissue.organ to a tissue.Organs are made of tissues.Organs are made of tissues.

Which of the following Which of the following is the simplest unit of is the simplest unit of

life?life?cellcell

Which of the Which of the following is true of following is true of

each of the four each of the four levels of levels of

organization of organization of living things?living things?Each is more complex than the level Each is more complex than the level

below it.below it.Cells=tissues=organs=organ systemsCells=tissues=organs=organ systems

How are How are cartilage and cartilage and bone related?bone related?

Most bone began as Most bone began as cartilage. Cartilage occurs cartilage. Cartilage occurs

where two bones come where two bones come together.together.

How are How are ligaments and ligaments and

tendons related?tendons related?Tendons connect bone to Tendons connect bone to muscle while ligaments muscle while ligaments connect bone to bone.connect bone to bone.

What are What are functions of functions of

skeletal systems?skeletal systems?Stores mineralsStores minerals

Produce blood cellsProduce blood cells

Protect soft organsProtect soft organs

What protects What protects your spinal cord?your spinal cord?

vertebraevertebrae

Which tissue in the Which tissue in the skeletal system skeletal system

cushions the area cushions the area where two bones where two bones

meet?meet?cartilagecartilage

Muscular SystemMuscular System

Objective 3.5 Objective 3.5

How do pairs of How do pairs of skeletal muscles skeletal muscles work together?work together?

While one muscle in the pair While one muscle in the pair contracts, the other returns contracts, the other returns

to its original length.to its original length.

What are the two What are the two types of muscles?types of muscles?

Voluntary and involuntaryVoluntary and involuntary

What type of muscle What type of muscle allows the heart to allows the heart to continuously pump continuously pump

blood?blood?cardiaccardiac

When walking When walking across a room, across a room, what types of what types of

muscles are mainly muscles are mainly involved?involved?

Skeletal and voluntarySkeletal and voluntary

Your body moves Your body moves food through the food through the digestive tract by digestive tract by

using which type of using which type of muscles?muscles?

smoothsmooth

Circulatory Circulatory SystemSystem

Objective 3.6Objective 3.6

Which statement Which statement identifies a difference identifies a difference

between the function of between the function of most arteries and veins?most arteries and veins?a)a) Arteries carry red blood cells, Arteries carry red blood cells,

whereas veins carry white blood whereas veins carry white blood cells.cells.

b)b) Veins carry red blood cells, whereas Veins carry red blood cells, whereas carry blood away from the heart.carry blood away from the heart.

c)c) Veins carry blood to the heart, Veins carry blood to the heart, whereas arteries carry blood away whereas arteries carry blood away from the heart.from the heart.

As blood flows to the As blood flows to the heart from the toes and heart from the toes and fingers, it travels mainly fingers, it travels mainly through tissues called through tissues called

what?what?

veinsveins

In which vessels are In which vessels are material exchanged material exchanged between the blood between the blood and the body cells?and the body cells?

capillariescapillaries

One of the main purposes One of the main purposes of the human circulatory of the human circulatory

system is to take oxygen to system is to take oxygen to all the cells in the body. all the cells in the body. Which of the following Which of the following

parts of whole blood makes parts of whole blood makes this possible?this possible?

Red blood cellsRed blood cells

Redness and swelling may Redness and swelling may develop in an area near a develop in an area near a wound. This reaction by wound. This reaction by

the body means that white the body means that white cells are being carried to cells are being carried to

that area by which of that area by which of systems?systems?

circulatorycirculatory

The heart is made of The heart is made of muscle and has four muscle and has four

chambers, two on each chambers, two on each side. The left side side. The left side

contains mostly what contains mostly what kind of blood?kind of blood?

Blood with oxygenBlood with oxygen

What are the What are the main functions of main functions of

blood?blood?Carry oxygen, nutrients, and Carry oxygen, nutrients, and

wasteswastes

Fight diseaseFight disease

What are the What are the vessels that carry vessels that carry blood away from blood away from

the heart?the heart?

arteriesarteries

What is the What is the function of the function of the

heart?heart?To pump bloodTo pump blood

What is the What is the function of the function of the

white blood white blood cells?cells?

Fight diseaseFight disease

Which Which component of component of blood carries blood carries oxygen to the oxygen to the

body cells?body cells?Red blood cellsRed blood cells

Respiratory Respiratory SystemSystem

Objective 3.6Objective 3.6

Many particles, such as dust, Many particles, such as dust, are inhaled when people are inhaled when people

breathe. Which part of the breathe. Which part of the respiratory system filters out respiratory system filters out

the majority of these the majority of these particles?particles?

a)a) NoseNose

b)b) AlveoliAlveoli

c)c) TracheaTrachea

d)d) DiaphragmDiaphragm

Because of the close Because of the close arrangement of the arrangement of the

capillaries and alveoli, capillaries and alveoli, what is allowed to what is allowed to

happen?happen?

Oxygen can diffuse from the Oxygen can diffuse from the alveoli into the bloodalveoli into the blood

What is the entire What is the entire process by which a body process by which a body obtains and uses oxygen obtains and uses oxygen and gets rid of carbon and gets rid of carbon

dioxide and water called?dioxide and water called?respirationrespiration

What are the two What are the two gases that are gases that are

usually exchanged usually exchanged in the lungs?in the lungs?

Oxygen and carbon dioxideOxygen and carbon dioxide

What part of the What part of the respiratory system helps respiratory system helps the rib cage expand and the rib cage expand and

contract which helps in the contract which helps in the process of breathing?process of breathing?

diaphragmdiaphragm

Where in the Where in the respiratory system respiratory system does gas exchange does gas exchange

occur?occur?In the alveoliIn the alveoli

Using the diagram Using the diagram below, identify the below, identify the

structure labeled X.structure labeled X.

a)a) LungsLungsb)b) Bronchial tubesBronchial tubesc)c) TracheaTrachead)d) AlveoliAlveoli

Sometimes when people eat, Sometimes when people eat, the food accidentally enters a the food accidentally enters a

tube near the beginning of tube near the beginning of the respiratory system the respiratory system instead of the digestive instead of the digestive

system. This causes a person system. This causes a person to cough. In which part of the to cough. In which part of the respiratory system can food respiratory system can food

sometimes get stuck and sometimes get stuck and cause difficulty in breathing?cause difficulty in breathing?

a)a) LungLung

b)b) AlveoliAlveoli

c)c) Trachea Trachea

Mechanical digestion is Mechanical digestion is the crushing and mashing the crushing and mashing of food while chemical of food while chemical digestion changes food digestion changes food into different molecules into different molecules for absorption.for absorption.

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Compare chemical Compare chemical digestion to digestion to

mechanical digestionmechanical digestion..

Mouth, throat, Mouth, throat, esophagus, esophagus, stomach, small stomach, small intestines, large intestines, large intestines, rectum intestines, rectum and anus.and anus.

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Describe how food Describe how food moves through the moves through the

digestive tract.digestive tract.

Increase the Increase the surface area for surface area for nutrient nutrient absorption.absorption.

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What function does the What function does the villi in the small villi in the small

intestine perform?intestine perform?

MechanicMechanical al digestiondigestion

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What is breaking, What is breaking, crushing, and mashing crushing, and mashing

of food called?of food called?

Small Small intestinesintestines

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Where does most Where does most chemical chemical

digestion occur?digestion occur?

Large Large intestinesintestines

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What organ is not What organ is not functioning properly if an functioning properly if an

individual is unable to individual is unable to compact waste or reabsorb compact waste or reabsorb

liquid from undigested food?liquid from undigested food?

Nervous systemNervous system

Objective 3.7Objective 3.7

It conducts It conducts information from information from one part of the one part of the body to another.body to another.

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A scientist studying the A scientist studying the brain examines the brain examines the

above tissue under a above tissue under a microscope. Which microscope. Which

statement best statement best identifies a function of identifies a function of

nerve tissue typenerve tissue type

Spinal Spinal cordcord

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What is the thick column What is the thick column of nerve tissue that links of nerve tissue that links the brain to most of the the brain to most of the nerves in the peripheral nerves in the peripheral

nervous systemnervous system??

Signals travel on Signals travel on nerves to the nerves to the spinal cord, which spinal cord, which causes a reflex causes a reflex that pulls the foot that pulls the foot away.away.

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What statement best What statement best describe how the describe how the

nervous system helps a nervous system helps a person react quickly person react quickly

after stepping on after stepping on something sharp?something sharp?

Objective 3.4Objective 3.4

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Reproductive Reproductive SystemSystem

uterusuterus

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The birth of a baby The birth of a baby indicates that a indicates that a fertilized egg fertilized egg

developed in which of developed in which of these structures?these structures?

There is greater There is greater variation among variation among animals that animals that reproduce reproduce sexually.sexually.

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The reproductive system The reproductive system allows for the production of allows for the production of

offspring and the offspring and the continuation of life. What continuation of life. What

is true of sexual is true of sexual reproduction that brings reproduction that brings together genetic material together genetic material

from two parents ?from two parents ?

To produce To produce spermsperm

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What is the main What is the main function of the function of the

male male reproductive reproductive

system?system?