Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Watson Fish ScreenBy: Bryan Heiner

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

ObjectivesPerform a Hydraulic and Biological

Evaluation of the Watson Fish Screen

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Plan View

Bypass

Flow Screen

Pipe

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Profile View

4% Slope

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Isometric View

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Isometric View

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Horizontal Screen DesignFrom: “Fish Protection at Water Diversions” (USBR 2009)

Flow Characteristics:Uniform flow velocities through screen

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Horizontal Screen DesignFrom: “Fish Protection at Water Diversions” (USBR 2009)

Flow Characteristics:High sweeping velocities (> 2 ft/sec)

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Horizontal Screen DesignFrom: “Fish Protection at Water Diversions” (USBR 2009)

Flow Characteristics:Approach velocities that meet criteria

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Horizontal Screen DesignFrom: “Fish Protection at Water Diversions” (USBR 2009)

Flow Characteristics:Approach velocities that meet criteria

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Horizontal Screen DesignFrom: “Fish Protection at Water Diversions” (USBR 2009)

Flow Characteristics:No Hydraulic Jumps

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Horizontal Screen DesignFrom: “Fish Protection at Water Diversions” (USBR 2009)

To achieve the requirements:Place screen in well aligned channelDivert 25% or less of the approach flowUse ramps approaching and exiting the

screensMaintain adequate depth by use of tailboards

or converging wallBaffling may be necessaryUtilize valves to backwater screen

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Horizontal Screen DesignFrom: “Fish Protection at Water Diversions” (USBR 2009)

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Watson Screen (As Delivered)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

-1.50 -1.00 -0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00

Wat

er s

urfa

ce e

leva

tion

(in

ches

)

Distance from upstream edge of screen (ft)

Screen 451 GPM 547 GPM

676 GPM 885 GPM 1239 GPM

1610 GPM 2044 GPM 2414 GPM

2849 GPM 3235 GPM 4040 GPM

4813 GPM 5617 GPM 6165 GPM

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Horizontal Screen DesignFrom: “Fish Protection at Water Diversions” (USBR 2009)

Approximate Flow velocities through screen

About 1 ft/sec

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Watson Screen (ReDesign)Added a Velocity Guidance Plate

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Watson Screen (ReDesign)Added internal Baffles @ 2, 4 & 6ft.Open areas of 3, 10 & 12%

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Watson Screen (ReDesign)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

-1.50 -1.00 -0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00

Wat

er s

urfa

ce e

leva

tion

(in

ches

)

Distance from upstream edge of screen (ft)

Screen 966 GPM

1288 GPM 1610 GPM

1931 GPM 2286 GPM

2575 GPM 2897 GPM

3235 GPM 3525 GPM

3863 GPM 4153 GPM

4523 GPM 4796 GPM

5151 GPM

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Watson Screen (ReDesign)More uniform velocity distribution

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Watson Screen (ReDesign)Sweeping vs Approach Velocity

Qin QpipeQoutApproach Velocites (Qpipe/ScreenArea)

Sweeping Velocity at 0.00 ft (Upstream End)

Sweeping Velocity at 7.5 ft (Downstream end)

GPM GPM GPM ft/sec ft/sec ft/sec

966

885 80 0.094 2.582 2.15

1,288

893

394 0.095 2.810 4.69

1,610

893

716 0.095 3.020 5.47

1,931

893

1,038 0.095 3.130 6.17

2,286

895

1,391 0.095 3.303 6.20

2,575

895

1,680 0.095 3.359 6.42

2,897

900

1,997 0.095 3.405 6.68

3,235

903

2,332 0.096 3.604 6.74

3,525

906

2,619 0.096 3.696 6.67

3,863

909

2,954 0.096 3.756 6.87

4,153

914

3,238 0.097 3.828 7.22

4,523

917

3,605 0.097 3.721 6.89

4,796

919

3,877 0.098 3.772 7.40

5,151

921

4,230 0.098 3.934 7.07

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Biological ResultsFish being pulled against screen (1850 GPM,

no guidance plate)

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Biological ResultsFish being pulled against screen (1850 GPM,

no guidance plate)

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Biological ResultsFish being pulled against screen (4000 GPM,

no guidance plate)

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Biological ResultsFish caught in a recirculation zone just

downstream of the stop block slots (1850 GPM, no guidance plate)

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

Biological ResultsFish swimming at the transition from the

guidance plate to the screen (4000 GPM, guidance plate

August 2014

Clark Fork Coalition - Small-Scale Fish Screen Workshop

ConclusionsRemove upstream stop blocks that protrude

into flowWhen very little water (1/2 fish body) fish can

still navigate upstreamFish move to side of screenFlows above 1850 GPM provide adequate

water for fish to swim in water columnPipe can take all water at flows below 1200

GPMWhen this occurs fish are “high and dry” and

must flop to escape eminent death.August 2014