by: megan abadom 1607 – 1865 mrs. fowler 3rd period
TRANSCRIPT
AAbolitionist – a person who strongly favors doing away with slavery.
Anthony, Susan B – known best for women’s rights, and the temperance movement.
Anti – Federalist – those opposed to the constitution and the power of the federal government.
Articles of Confederation – Adopted in 1781 at the Second Continental Congress.
BBessemer Steel Process – process of removing impurities from iron to make steel.
Bill of Rights – the first 10 amendments of the Constitution , Adopted in 1791.
Boston Massacre – The killing of 5 unarmed citizens who were protesting about taxes.
Boston Tea Party - A group of men dumped 342 barrels of tea into the ocean because of taxes.
CCalhoun , John C – from South Carolina severed as secretary of war, was vice president for 2 presidents.
Clay , Henry – known as the Great Compromiser, Missouri Compromise.
Checks and Balances – system in which each branch shares its powers but can check each others activities.
Constitution – document that outlines the power of the government.
DDavis, Jefferson - President of the Confederate states during the Civil War.
Declaration of Independence – Adopted on July 4, 1776, colonist declared freedom from Britain.
Douglass, Fredrick – Famous abolitionist, he was a writer an orator.
Dred Scott vs Sanford – Case that confirmed that slaves were property and not citizens of the U.S.
EEffigy – rag figure representing an unpopular individual.
Electoral College – a special group of voters selected by their states’ voters it vote for the president and vice president.
Emancipation Proclamation – In 1863, president Lincoln issued this order to free all slaves in the Confederate States.
English Bill of Rights – In 1689, Queen Mary acknowledged this document which guaranteed certain basic rights to English citizens.
FFamous abolitionist – the following people helped end slavery ; William Lloyd Garrison, John Brown, Harriet Tubman, and Harriet Beecher Stowe.
Federalist – Those in favor of the Constitution and the federal government.
French and Indian War – This war was fought between France and Britain, for control of the Ohio River Valley.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut – 1st written constitution in the American colonies.
GGadsden Purchase – a strip of land along the southern edge of present day states of Arizona and New Mexico.
Garrison , William Lloyd – one of the first white abolitionist, wrote a book called the Liberator
Gibbons vs. Ogden – proves that the federal government has ultimate cotrol over the interstate system when it comes to commerce and trade.
Grant, Ulysses – general of the Union Army , his solders wore blue.
H Hamilton, Alexander– was the 7th president of the United States, he was the one who, signed the Indian Removal Act , and the Trail of Tears.
Hancock ,John – the president of Congress was the 1st to sign the Declaration of Independence.
Henry, Patrick – He stated give “Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death” because he wanted to be free from England.
Homestead Act – gave 160 acres of free land to any settler who paid a filing fee and lived on the land for 5 years.
IImpressment – forcing people into service , as in the navy.
Indian Removal Act – act allowed federal government to pay Native Americans to move west.
Industrial Revolution – movement where people started using machines instead of doing it by hand.
Intolerable Act – act that closed the harbor, punishment for he Boston Tea Party.
JJackson , Andrew – passed the Indian Removal Act, 8th president of the United States.
Jay’s Treaty – British agreed to withdraw from American soil, provided settlements of debts from 1776.
Jones, John Paul - naval officer for America, “ I have not yet begun to fight.”
Judicial Review – the right of the supreme court to determine if law violates Constitution.
KKansas – also known as “Bleeding Kansas” because of a small Civil War that took place there.
Kansas – Nebraska Act – Kansas and Nebraska got to chose whether they were a free state of a slave state through popular sovereignty.
Key , Francis Scott – wrote “The Star Spangled Banner”, at Fort McHenry.
Knox , Henry – secretary of war in the 1st Congress.
V.S
LLafayette, Marquis de – trusted aid to George Washington.
Lee, Robert E – general of the Confederate army during the Civil War, his soldiers won grey during battle.
Little Turtle - Chief of the Miami people.
Lincoln, Abraham – President during the Civil War, signed the Emancipation Proclamation, and the Gettysburg Address.
MManifest Destiny – Belief that the United States was destined by Good to acquire all the land from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.
Marbury vs. Madison – Established that the Supreme Court of the United States was the final authority in reviewing cases.
Marshall, John – Chief justice of Supreme court Marbury vs. Madison.
Monroe , James – Established the Monroe Doctrine.
NNative American – were removed from homeland and sent to Oklahoma.
New England Colonies – region of 13 colonies known for being cold and its fishing and fur production.
Northwest Ordinance – passed in 1787 set up a system for establishing settlements in the west.
Nullification Crisis – to protect United States goods Congress passes high taxes on all imported goods.
OOlive Branch Petition – petition that assured the king of colonist desire for peace.
Onis , Louis De – Spanish minister to the United States demanded punishment of Jackson and his officers.
Ordinance of 1785 – Established a procedure for surveying and selling the Western lands north of the Ohio River.
Otis , James – a young lawyer on Boston he argued about taxes.
PPaine , Thomas – He wrote an influential pamphlet called “ Common Sense” in 1776 encouraging colonists to free themselves from the British king.
Patriots – colonist determined to fight the British for Independence.
Penn , William – Established Pennsylvania, a wealthy English man, the Quakers.
Perry, Oliver Hazzard – commander of the Lake Erie naval forces.
QQuakers – were tolerate with the views of others.
Quartering of Soldiers – to provide living for soldiers in war, they could force their selves into people’s homes with their weapons.
Quebec – the capital of New France, impossible to attack.
Quebec Act – passed shortly after the Coercive Acts further angered the colonist, set-up a permanent government.
RReconstruction – period on which South was readmitted back into the Union. Reform Movement – a revival of religious faith,
women took active roles.
Representative Government – power is led by the people and applied through them by elected representative.
Rush- Bagot Treaty – the removal of weapons along an important part of the border between the United States and British Canada.
SSaratoga, Battle of – turning point of the American Revolution, France joins the colonist.
Scott, Dred – was an enslaved African American bought by an army doctor in Missouri, a slave state.
Sedition Acts – made it a crime to speak, write, or publish critism of government.
Seven Year War – war between America and Europe.
TTea Act – this measure gave a company the right to ship to colonies without paying most of the taxes.
Tecumseh – a powerful Shawnee chief, built a confederacy among Native Americans nations in the Northwest.
Thames, Battle of – the battle that Tecumseh was killed in.
Truth , Sojourner – was a former slave, fought for women’s rights and abolition.
UUnalienable rights - a right that can not be surrendered.
Uncle Tom’s Cabin – Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote influential book, it is said to be the starter of the Civil War.
Unconstitutional – not agreeing, or constituent with the Constitution.
Underground Railroad – a system that helped enslaved African Americans follow a network of escape routes out of the South and into the North.
VVaquero – Hispanic ranch hand.
Veto – to reject a bill and prevent it from becoming a law.
Virginia – first permanent settlement in Jamestown in 1607.
Vigilantes – people who take the law into their own hands.
WWar Hawk – republicans during Madison’s presidency who pressed for war with Britain.
War of 1812 – war because Britain forced United States sailors to join the navy.
Washington’s Farewell Address- final speech, stressed danger of having political parties.
Whiskey Rebellion – a small rebellion that took place because of tax on whiskey.
YYankee – Union soldier. Yellow journalism – a type
of sensational, biased, and often false reporting.
Yeoman – Southern owner of a small farm who did not have enslaved people.
Yorktown, Battle of – the final battle of the American Revolution the Americans win in 1781.
ZZenger, John Peter – faced charges of libel for printing a critical report about royal government of New York.