by michael fuad
DESCRIPTION
Harvesting microalgae ( Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ) for biofuel production using wastewater treatment techniques. By Michael Fuad. Potential of Algae. http:// geography.about.com/library/blank/blxusa.htm. Potential of Algae. http:// geography.about.com/library/blank/blxusa.htm. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: By Michael Fuad](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081507/56816337550346895dd3c54e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
HARVESTING MICROALGAE (CHLAMYDOMONAS
REINHARDTII) FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION USING
WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNIQUES
By Michael Fuad
![Page 2: By Michael Fuad](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081507/56816337550346895dd3c54e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Potential of Algae
http://geography.about.com/library/blank/blxusa.htm
![Page 3: By Michael Fuad](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081507/56816337550346895dd3c54e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Potential of Algae
http://geography.about.com/library/blank/blxusa.htm
![Page 4: By Michael Fuad](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081507/56816337550346895dd3c54e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Potential of Algae
![Page 5: By Michael Fuad](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081507/56816337550346895dd3c54e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Complete Process Producing Biofuel
![Page 6: By Michael Fuad](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081507/56816337550346895dd3c54e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Complete Process Producing Biofuel
![Page 7: By Michael Fuad](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081507/56816337550346895dd3c54e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Complete Process Producing Biofuel
![Page 8: By Michael Fuad](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081507/56816337550346895dd3c54e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Complete Process Producing Biofuel
![Page 9: By Michael Fuad](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081507/56816337550346895dd3c54e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Complete Process Producing Biofuel
![Page 10: By Michael Fuad](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081507/56816337550346895dd3c54e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Complete Process Producing Biofuel
Esterification produces biofuels
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What is the problem?
• Algae cost $20.00/gallon of biofuel• Furthermore, a significant part of that
production cost is associated with harvesting microalgae
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Background
• 10 µm
http://algae.tcoalternativefuels.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/chlorellasp_microscope.jpg
10 µm
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Background
http://www.steve.gb.com/images/science/centrifugation.png
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Background
Alternative Harvesting Methods:1. Ultrasonic separation—Bosma et al. (2003)
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Background
Alternative Harvesting Methods:1. Ultrasonic separation2. Froth flotation—Csordas et al. (2004)
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Background
Alternative Harvesting Methods:1. Ultrasonic separation2. Froth flotation3. Flocculation
![Page 17: By Michael Fuad](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081507/56816337550346895dd3c54e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Background
http://globalpolyglu.com/treatment1-2.html
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Background
http://globalpolyglu.com/treatment1-2.html
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Background
http://globalpolyglu.com/treatment1-2.html
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Background
• Water and Wastewater Technology by Hammer and Hammer (1996) explained flocculation
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Background
• A Lee et al. (2007)—algae are negatively charged microparticles
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Hypothesis
• I hypothesized that chemicals used in wastewater treatments could be used to flocculate microalgae
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Background
• Knuckey et al. (2006)—identified factors that affect flocculation, i.e. pH and dosage
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Goals
1. Determine if flocculation is an effective alternative to centrifugation for harvesting C. reinhardtii from suspension; and
2. Identify factors that optimize flocculation of C. reinhardtii in order to achieve harvesting efficiency that is similar to or better than centrifugation in preparation for biofuel production.
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Procedure
• Measure effectiveness of harvesting by flocculation using spectrophotometer, measuring optical density (absorbance)
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Materials: Ionic Compounds
1. Aluminum sulfate—Al2(SO4)3 2. Ferric chloride—FeCl3
3. Calcium carbonate—CaCO3
4. Ammonium sulfate—(NH4)2SO4
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Materials: Polyacrylamides
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Results
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Results
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
pH 7.00pH 3.00
Ionic Compound
Floc
cula
tion
Effici
ency
Al2(SO4)3 FeCl3 CaCO3 (NH4)2SO4
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Results
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
pH 7.00pH 3.00
Ionic Compound
Floc
cula
tion
Effici
ency
Al2(SO4)3 FeCl3 CaCO3 (NH4)2SO4
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Results
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
pH 7.00pH 3.00
Ionic Compound
Floc
cula
tion
Effici
ency
Al2(SO4)3 FeCl3 CaCO3 (NH4)2SO4
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Results: pH 3.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 130.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
Polyacrylamide Number
Floc
cula
tion
Effici
ency
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Results: pH 3.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 130%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Polyacrylamide Number
Floc
cula
tion
Effici
ency
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Results: pH 3.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 130%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Polyacrylamide Number
Floc
cula
tion
Effici
ency
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Conclusions
• Flocculation effectively harvests microalgae• The optimum flocculation technique is to use
Clarifloc Polyacrylamide C-6288 at a pH of 3.00 and a dosage of 0.025 g flocculant/g dry algae
• Since flocculation is more efficient than centrifugation, flocculation is a less expensive method of harvesting microalgae
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Limitations
• My research limited to a single species of algae
• Flocculation factors might vary for different algae species
• Effect of chemicals on environment is experimentally unknown. However, theoretically, flocculation is safe for environment
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Future Work
• Engineer a continuous flocculation system
• Apply the flocculation techniques to other microalgae species with potential
http://brator.sinto.co.jp/global/picture/dspirast.jpg
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Acknowledgements
• Dr. Roger Ruan• Science Research Team• Mrs. Fruen• Mr. Hall
http://www.bioeconomyconference.org/07%20Images/ruan.jpg
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HARVESTING MICROALGAE (CHLAMYDOMONAS
REINHARDTII) FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION USING
WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNIQUES
By Michael Fuad