By: Miss #

The Human Body Systems

The heart is like the president of the organization. Some of the body's systems are directly

connected to the heart, while others are not.

Even if the heart is not directly involved in the system, it still plays a part.

If the heart isn't working, nothing else is working either.

The heart actively participates in the circulatory system, while it just keeps an eye on the respiratory and excretory systems.

•The Digestive System•The Skeletal System•The Circulatory System•The Muscular System•The Nervous System•The Respiratory System

• The Brain

• The Nerves

• The Spinal Cord

• Senses

Main Parts:

The Nervou

s System

:

• Controls all of the activities of the body.

Is made up of two organs: the brain the spinal cord.

Controls EVERYTHING in the body.

Controls everything in the body

Is made up of more than 10 billion nerves!

The brain is divided into three parts and is protected by the skull.1. Cerebrum2. Cerebellum3. Medulla

Largest part of your brain. It controls thought,

voluntary movement, memory and learning, and also processes information from the senses.

It is below and to the back of your cerebrum

It controls balance and muscular coordination.

Connects brain to spinal cord.

It controls breathing, heartbeat, and other vital body processes.

The spinal cord is a long bundle of white nerve matter that is found in the middle of the spinal column. 

It connects the brain to the body. 

Spinal nerves carry messages between the spinal cord and body parts.

The vertebrae are many bones that protect the nerves in the spinal cord

Carries messages from the Central Nervous System to the rest of your body.

The Peripheral Nervous System’s job is to connect the Central Nervous System to the rest of your body!

Is made up of the nerves and sense organs.Nerves Sense

Organs

Dendrite: receives

messages

Axon terminal: sends

messages to the next

dendrite

Synapse: gap

between nerve cells

Soma: Cell Body

The sense organs carry messages about the environment to the Central Nervous System.

Most Common Sense Organs:EyesEarsNoseSkinTongue

When you eat your food, do you know where it goes? It goes into your digestive system. Your digestive system is made up of your mouth, pharynx, esophagus, liver, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, appendix, rectum, and anus! That is a lot of parts!

Chew your food well and swallow slowly!

Drink plenty of water to help move food through your digestive system!

It takes 2 to 3 weeks to digest gum. Juices in the stomach break down the

proteins. Food stays in your stomach for 2 to 3

hours. Food goes down your esophagus and

into your stomach where juices break down the proteins. Then it goes down your small intestine to the large intestine and gets removed by the digestive system.

Digests the food we eat

Takes the nutrients out of your food so your body can use it

the tube that connects your mouth and your stomach

A stretchy bag that holds your food after you eat

Helps to break food into smaller pieces so your body can use it for energy and nutrition

Stomach

Esophagus

Tube that is 20 feet long.

Continues to digest food

Food stays in your small intestine for 4 to 8 hours

Small Intestine

Tube that is 5 feet long

Gets waste from small intestine

Waste stays for 10 to 12 hours

Large Intestine

Storage tank for bile (a greenish-yellow liquid) that helps your body break down and use fats

Located under your liver

Shaped like a pearGall Bladder

Factory for antibodies and bile

Stores vitamins and sugars until your body needs themLiver

Helps you digest food by breaking down sugars

Pancreas

Eat foods that are high in fiber like fruits and vegetables

Drink plenty of water

Chew your food completely before you swallow

Avoid foods high in fat

The excretory system is the body system that removes excess water, H2O, urea, carbon dioxide, CO2, and other wastes from our blood, usually as urine or sweat.

Kidneys Liver Urinary Bladder Urethra Ureter Skin Lungs

Interesting Fact: Every drop of blood in your body is filtered by your kidneys more than

300 times per day!

Filters waste and excess water from the blood.

Is about 10 centimeters long

Kidneys regulate the amount of water we need to maintain in our bodies.

The liver which changes the ammonia, a poisonous product of protein digestion, into urine

The ureter carries the urine away from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

The Urinary bladder is a sac that stores liquid wastes removed from the kidneys.

The urethra is the tube that carries the urine from the bladder to outside the body

Filter out carbon dioxide, CO2, from the blood.

Excretes water, as sweat, which contains some trace chemical wastes, including urea (urea=breakdown of body protein).

Air is breathed in through the nasal cavity and/or mouth and down through the throat (the pharynx).

The air passes down the trachea (the windpipe), through the left and right bronchi, and into the lungs. Oxygen in the blood is delivered to body cells.

The circulatory system performs many vital functions. Your heart pumps blood and nutrients to tissues all over the body. The circulatory system is also important in the removal of wastes and in several other body processes.

Carries blood to and from body cells

HeartArteriesVeinsCapillariesBlood

The heart is the main organ of the circulatory system.

The heart's primary function is to pump blood to all parts of the body, bringing nutrients and oxygen to the tissues and removing waste products.

Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

In the image below, the arteries are red.

Veins are large blood vessels that return blood to the heart.

In the image below, the veins are blue.

Are tiny blood vessels that allow gases and nutrients to pass from blood cells.

http://www.geeo.org/tours/IndiaNepal/http://www.geeo.org/tours/IndiaNepal/

Provides Oxygen Removes Carbon

Dioxide

The primary function of the respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body. The respiratory system does this through breathing. When we breathe, we inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. This exchange of gases is how the respiratory system gets oxygen to the blood.

Filter out carbon dioxide, CO2, from the blood.

The Muscular System is made up of 630 muscles.

Most muscles work together in pairs. One muscle pulls while the other muscle relaxes. When you bend your arm the biceps muscle pulls and the triceps muscle relaxes. When you make your arm straight, the biceps muscle relaxes and the triceps muscle pulls.

Muscles are very important. They help you do almost everything — from pumping blood throughout your body to lifting your heavy backpack. You control some of your muscles and others, like your heart, do their jobs without you thinking about them at all.

Muscles are bundles of cells and fibers. Muscles work in a very simple way. All

they do is tighten up--that is, contract--and relax.

You have two sets of muscles attached to many of your bones which allow them to move.

There are 630 active muscles in your body and they act in groups.

Muscles can only pull. They never push.

You use 17 muscles when you smile. You use 43 muscles when you frown.

The skeletal system is the system that supports us and gives us our shape. 

•Two main structures form the skeletal system: cartilage and bone. 

Cartilage is largely composed of water and contains no nerves or blood vessels. 

Bones are hard on the outside. Inside they are soft, but strong. Red and white blood cells are made inside the bones.