by ms. b.nelson. to explain the biophysical effects of temperature elevation to describe physical...
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byMs. B.Nelson
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To explain the biophysical effects of temperature elevation
To describe physical principles of heat To explain the indications and
contraindication for use of heating agents To safely apply thermal agents
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The therapeutic application of HEAT
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Haemodynamic effects Neuromuscular Metabolic Altered tissue extensibility
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Vasodilation – where the heat is applied and in areas distant from the site of application
Temperature between 40 % C to 45 % C
Above 45 %C potential for tissue damage
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Superficial heating agents do not heat to the depth of most muscles
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Changes in nerve conduction velocity and firing rate
Increased pain threshold Changes in muscle strength
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With increase tissue temperature, there is an increased metabolic rate in the area
Increased enzymatic activity and cellular reactions
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To increase soft tissue extensibility before stretching ,use an agent that will heat the tissue that needs stretching
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Pain control Increased range of motion Decreased joint stiffness Accelerated Healing
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Decreased muscle spasm Decreased ischemia Gating of pain Tissue healing– increase blood flow
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Effects are due to altered tissue tissue extensibility
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Increased collagen extensibility with increase in temperature
Application of heat to collagenous tissue before prolonged stretching
Maintains the increase length after cooling Changes are due to viscoelasticity
properties of collagen Temp increase of 40 - 45 % C for 5 to 10
minutes
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Heat therapy accelerates heating by: Increase circulation and enzymatic activity Increase oxygen and nutrients to the tissue Removal of waste products
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Impaired sensation Impaired mentation Malignant tumor Recent or potential bleeding/haemorrhage Thrombophlebitis Irradiation to the eyes
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Sensation may be impaired in the distal extremities of patients with diabetes
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Burns
Fainting
Bleeding Skin & eye damage from infrared radiation
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Hot Packs
Paraffin
Fluidotherapy
Infrared lamps
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Physical Agents in Rehabilitation: From Research to Practice: Michelle H. Cameron
Physical Agents: Theory And Practice: Barbara J. Behrens, Susan L. Michlovitz
Therapeutic Modalities in Rehabilitation by William Prentice