By Satish Girotra

Implementation of school infrastructure

RTE requirement for infrastructure:- News Paper Reports after 31st March 2013.

RTE infrastructure: -

All – weather building consisting of-

i) At least one class-room for every teacher

ii) An office-cum-store-cum-HM room

iii) Barrier free access

iv) Separate toilets for boys and girls

v) Safe and adequate drinking water facility to all children

vi) A kitchen where mid day meal is cooked in the school

vii) Playground

viii) Arrangements for securing the school building by boundary wall or green fencing

State Requirement : - After appraisal 2013-14 State have to work out infrastructural requirement after computing all completed, in progress and not started works. This can be done

Work out, through infrastructural surveyFrom DISE 2011-12Sanitation and water supply for rural schools to be

worked out

Work out time taken to complete the balance infrastructure

How to complete the infrastructure : - Improving management structureImproving monitoringImproving/increasing technical personals

Bottlenecks: - Non availability of landNon availability of personalsNon availability of detailed drawings with district, sub

districtNon availability of VCC/community manual with each

school

Child friendly schools

SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN

Building Rural Primary Schools

Towards Improved Designs

The Expansion of the schoolMaking the most out of the expansion of the school

SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN

The New Primary SchoolValue addition through design

SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN

GIRLS TOILET

Disaster Management

man-grieves-earthquake-kasmir-2005

Pakistan-earthquake-pictures-1

House

WHY EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURE REQUIRED?

Safety of human lives.Ordinary building should not suffer total or partial

collapseIt may sustain such damage which could be repaired

quickly.It should not suffer irreparable damage which would

required demolishing and rebuilding.

• The damage to an important building should even be less so that the functioning of the activity during post – emergency period may continue unhampered and the community buildings may be used as temporary for the adversely affected people.

SEISMIC ZONES Seismic Zone Risks due to Earthquake Location in India

Zone V=

10.8%Risk of wide spread collapse & distruction

Bhuj, Srinagar, Jammu,

Gopalgang, North - East

States, Andamanand -

NickobarZone IV=

17.5%Risk of collapse & heavy damage

Ratnagiri, Amrutsar, Simla,Chandigarh, Dehradun,Delhi, Patna, Patan,Jamnagar, Rajkot, Dwarka

Zone III=

30.8%Risk of damage Trivendrum, Kochi,

Lakshadweep, Mangalore,,Panji, Pune, Mumbai, Agra,Lucknow, Varanasi, Gaya,Culcatta, Bhubanswar,Chennai, Vijaywada

Zone II Risk of minor damage

Over 60% of India’s land under Seismic Zones III, IV & V

IS codes (for reference)

Sl. NoIndian Seismic

Code No. Description

1National building code 2005

the code deals with all aspects of the buildings

2IS 1893 (Part 1- 2002)

Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structure

3 IS 4326 - 1993Practice for earthquake resistant design and construction of building.

4 IS 13828 - 1993Guidelines for improving earthquake resistant of low strength masonry building.

5 IS 13920 - 1993 Ductile detailing of reinforce concrete structure subject to seismic force.

6 IS 8827- 1978Recommendation for basic requirements of school buildings

7 IS 456-2000 Structural design of buildings

Barrier free environments

Providing a barrier free environment

Being sensitive to the needs of the special child in designing the school building

Incorporation of additional features in new buildings – modifications to existing buildings

Following the provisions of IS 4963 (1987) in conjunction with IS 4838 Part 1 (1969)

SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN

Providing a barrier free environmentChildren with locomotor impairment…

Includes children with non ambulatory and semi ambulatory disabilities

Gates, approach road and steps to allow for smooth movement.

Ramps with handrails to be provided.No major level differences within

building. Reduce passages and corridors.

Toilets to be provided with adjustable seat, grab rail and ramp.

SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN

States responsibility : -Whether sufficient design drawings are available Whether sufficient VCC/community manual are availableWhether design drawing have been prepared with necessary

earth quake resistant, provision and vertical expansion designs

Whether engineers are getting refresher training regularly Whether district plan have been prepared as per requirement

of name of the school and infrastructure required there inWhether necessary land is availableWhether the school campus plan where infrastructure is

required has been prepared and incremental planning marked

Quality control : -

Construction quality for any infrastructure is very important. For example

i) Collapse of Shahdara building

ii) Collapse of Thane building

WHAT ARE BASIC REQUIREMENT FOR QUALITY WORK

• Adequate Supervision Structure

• Trained Community

• Quality Building material

• Trained Work force

• Inbuilt Quality control measures

Community Participation • community participation in all civil work activities is

mandatory. The contractors have been replaced by the

community, • Training of community to execute civil works

successfully is essential requirement. •SMC shall be trained and shall participate in civil works.

• As a campaign SMC are imparted training by resource

persons and technical personals at Block or cluster level.

Design :- Design for whole school conceptA team for designing consisting of professional

like design engineer, Architects, experts on energy efficient , green building, Structural engineer, Pedagogic, gender, CWN expert, child friendly element component expert, External and internal element expert

Disaster management components. All factors where ever required.

QUALITY CONTROL MEASURES

• Visual inspection.• Quantitative Quality measures.• Testing of building material like;-• Sand• Bricks • Concrete Mix• Cement water ratio• Cement mortar

3RD PARTY EVALUATION DURING CONSTRUCTION:● There are huge targets under SSA.

● it is necessary to have in-built quality control system during construction.

● As an additional precaution to safeguard quality measures, 3rd party evaluation system during construction was made mandatory.

● The 3rd party quality assurance will not only impart guidance to the field engineers but will alert the field engineers and the community to built quality structure and adopt quality control tests.

● Gujarat, Rajasthan, Karnataka, and Maharashtra and many other States are having 3rd party evaluation system.

● Some other states have initiated the process.