byco booklet

Product Catalogue

Preface

We at Byco Petroleum Pakistan Limited (BPPL) are committed to meet the growing lubricantsdemand in an economically, environmentally and socially responsible manner. BPPL is committedto provide high quality lubricants to customers in Pakistan as well as in other regional markets.

Byco intends to be at the forefront of high technology finished lubricants, which the Automotive,Industrial and Marine equipment manufacturer shall trust to deliver the value through the technologythat protects engines and equipment. The Byco lubricants technology shall provide a key competitiveadvantage and shall be an important source of value to our customers. Byco lubricants shall providesustainable solutions like fuel economy, energy efficient and extendable equipment life whilemaintaining peak performance and in order to ensure and deliver this value a team of professionallyqualified staff shall focus on delivering a reliable and quality assured supply of products and back upsupport facilities to customers and distributor in and outside Pakistan.

Byco branded lubricants shall be able to establish an enviable reputation for helping customersincrease productivity and cut operating costs. It is our commitment to deliver lubrication solutionsbeyond today’s standards to provide our customers with not only superior performance, but superiorsavings. This product catalogue outlines Byco’s lubricants, and product application quality andperformance features. It is intended to be used as a reference guide by our valued Customers,Associates, Distributors, Sales and Technical Service Representatives. All information is current atthe time of printing however, specification writers and Byco are continually upgrading and improvingproducts to meet the ever-changing demands of the marketplace. These contents are thereforesubject to change.

Our aim is to provide long term value and to be the leading market player of high technology andglobally recognized lubricants brand. We are commencing on a journey which is full of challenges,but with sheer hard work innovative marketing techniques, and support from our customers we areconfident of achieving our goals.

Contents

56789

10

11121314

1516

1718

19

Gasoline Engine OilsCnergy Absolute Fully SyntheticCnergy Enhanced Semi SyntheticCnergy PremiumCnergy StandardCnergy CNGCnergy 4T Motorcycle Oil

Diesel Engine OilsIntelu SupremeIntelu SuperIntelu ClassicIntelu Diesel Engine Oil

Gear OilsMulti Purpose Gear OilExtreme Pressure Gear Oil

Transmission FluidsATF Type AATF Dexron III

Brake & Clutch FluidsBrake Fluid

AutomotiveMarine Oil 5070Marine Oil 4040Marine Oil 3030/4030Marine Oil 3012/4012/5012

Marine30313233

4

Turbine OilCompressor OilHydraulic Oil AWHeavy Duty Gear OilsCirculating OilCutting Soluble OilTherm OilsSugar Mill Compound

Industrial2122232425262728

20

29

Extreme Pressure GreaseMulti Purpose EP GreaseCalcium Grease

Greases353637

Appendix - AAppendix - BAppendix - CAppendix - DAppendix - EAppendix - FAppendix - GAppendix - HAppendix - IAppendix - JAppendix - KAppendix - LAppendix - M

Appendices39414243444546474849505153

34

38

Automotive

5

Premium performance, multi grade motor oil formulated from selected synthetic base fluids andrace-proven additive technology for use in passenger car and light truck gasoline engines andpassenger car diesel engine under all operating conditions It is optimized to provide complete engineprotection plus ultimate performance.

Cnergy Absolute Fully SyntheticGasoline Engine Oil

Environmental, Health & Safety

This bulletin was prepared in good faith from the best information available at the time of issue. While the values and characteristicsare considered representative, some variations not effecting performance can be expected. It is the responsibility of the userto ensure that the products are used in the applications for which they are intended.

Environmental, Health & Safety Information of this product is available in Byco Material Safety DataSheet (MSDS). Customers are encouraged to review this information, follow precautions and complywith laws and regulations consuming product use and disposal. To obtain MSDS for this product,please contact Lubricant Technology Department.

APPLICATIONS• Naturally aspirated and turbocharged gasoline

engines in passenger cars• Light truck Gasoline Engines• Naturally aspirated and turbocharged diesel engines

in passenger cars• Gas-fuelled (natural gas and LPG) spark ignition

engines where conventional passenger car motoroils are recommended

• Four-stroke gasoline engines in motorcycles andportable power equipment where the manufacturerrecommends conventional passenger car motor oils

BENEFITS• Maximum Engine LifeWider temperature range capability of the syntheticbase fluid ensures correct oil viscosity to reduce frictionat start-up, and to provide maximum lubricity duringhigh temperature operation. The effective anti-wearadditive system minimizes wear in even the mostsophisticated Valve train mechanisms, including thosewith variable timing.

• Maximum Power and PerformanceMetallic detergent and ashless dispersant additivesystem ensure maximum power and performance byproviding superior control of ring belt and piston skirtdeposits, even under the most severe operatingconditions. Special friction modifiers assist in reducingfor maximum fuel economy.

• Minimum Maintenance CostsSuperior thermal stability and oxidation resistance providesmaximum protection against in-service oil degradationwhich contributes to filter blocking and sludge formationin the oil galleries, crankcase and valve train.

• Low Oil ConsumptionSynthetic, highly shear-stable formulation providessuperior control of oil flow through the ring belt area bymaintaining oil viscosity, and reduces oil evaporation atthe elevated ring zone temperatures experienced underall operating conditions.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• API SM, SL, SJ, SH• API CF European Specification• ACEA A3-02, B3-98, B4-02• BMW Longlife-98 (SAE 5W40)• Mercedes Benz 229.3,

Volkswagen 502.00 & 505.00

KEY PROPERTIES

SAE Grade 5W-40 10W-50Base No.

D2896, mg KOH/g 10.3 10.3

D4739, mg KOH/g 9.8 9.8

Phosphorus, m% 0.1 0.1

Sulfated Ash, m% 1.1 1.1

Viscosity,

mm2/s @ 40 °C 87.5 126.0

mm2/s @ 100 °C 14.5 18.5

Viscosity Index 173.0 165.0

Zinc, m% 0.11 0.11

Note: The typical characteristics are given as aguide only.

BENEFITS• Long Engine LifeProven metallo-organic anti-wear additive system protects engines under all operating conditionsby providing excellent wear control in even the most sophisticated valve train mechanisms, includingthose with variable valve timing. Multi grade viscosity provides additional protection against wearat start-up and under high temperature operating conditions.

• Maintains High Power and PerformanceMetallic detergent and ashless dispersant additive system maintains high power and performanceby providing excellent control of piston ring deposits, under high temperature conditions.

• Saves on Maintenance CostsHigh thermal stability and oxidation resistance provides excellent protection against in-service oildegradation that contributes to filter blocking and sludge formation in the oil galleries, crankcaseand valve train.

• Low Oil ConsumptionHighly shear-stable viscosity index improver controls oil flow through the piston ring by maintaininghigh temperature oil viscosity within the ring belt area in all services.

6

Highly shear-stable, multi grade gasoline engine oil formulated from selected base fluids for usein passenger car and light truck engines requiring API SL, SJ or SH performance lubricants under alloperating conditions. It is optimized to provide complete engine protection against:

• Starting Friction• Heat Stress• Engine Deposits

Cnergy Enhanced Semi SyntheticGasoline Engine Oil


Environmental, Health & SafetyEnvironmental, Health & Safety Information of this product is available in Byco Material Safety DataSheet (MSDS). Customers are encouraged to review this information, follow precautions and complywith laws and regulations consuming product use and disposal. To obtain MSDS for this product,please contact Lubricant Technology Department.


engines in passenger cars• Light truck Gasoline Engines• Gas-fuelled (natural gas and LPG) spark ignition

engines where conventional passenger car motoroils are recommended

• Four-stroke gasoline engines in motorcycles andportable power equipment where the manufacturerrecommends conventional passenger car motor oils

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• API SL• API SJ, SH, SG, SF• API CF European Specification• ACEA A3-02, B3-98• BMW, Volkswagen 502.00 &

505.00, Volvo VDS• Mercedes Benz 229.1

SAE Grade 10W-30 10W-40 15W-40 20W-50Base No. D2896, mg KOH/g 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 D4739, mg KOH/g 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9Phosphorus, m% 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1Sulfated Ash, m% 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94Viscosity, mm2/s @ 40 °C 77.9 102.0 113.0 174.0 mm2/s @ 100 °C 12.0 14.5 15.1 19.1Viscosity Index 167.0 153.0 139.0 125.0Zinc, m% 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11

KEY PROPERTIES

Note: The typical characteristics are given as a guide only.

7

High quality, shear-stable, multi grade gasoline engine oil for use in a wide range of passenger carand light-duty commercial vehicle engines where API SG performance lubricants are required. Itprovides a high level of protection against starting friction, heat stress and engine deposits.

Cnergy Premium





engines in passenger cars.• Light truck Gasoline Engines.• Gas-fuelled (natural gas and LPG) spark ignition

engines where conventional passenger car motoroils are recommended.

• Four-stroke gasoline engines in motorcycles andportable power equipment where the manufacturerrecommends conventional passenger car motor oils.

BENEFITS• Long Engine LifeProven metallo-organic anti-wear additive systemresists wear under all operating conditions by forminga protective layer on contact surfaces. Multi gradeviscosity provides additional protection against wear atstart-up and under high temperature operatingconditions.

• Preserves Power and PerformanceMetallic detergent and ashless dispersant additivesystem. Preserves power and performance by providinggood control of piston and ring deposits under hightemperature conditions.

• Saves on MaintenanceVery good thermal and oxidation stability resists in-service oil degradation that contributes to filter blockingand sludge formation.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• API SG, SF, SE• API CD• European Specification

CC MC G4, MB228.1• Military Specification

MIL-L-46152D

KEY PROPERTIES

SAE Grade 20W-50Base No.

D2896, mg KOH/g 8.0

D4739, mg KOH/g 7.6

Phosphorus, m% 0.09

Sulfated Ash, m% 0.94

Viscosity,

mm2/s @ 40 °C 174.0

mm2/s @ 100 °C 19.1

Viscosity Index 125.0

Zinc, m% 0.10


Gasoline Engine Oil

8

High quality engine oil designed to meet the requirements of passenger car and light truck gasolineengines where API SF performance is required.

Cnergy Standard




APPLICATIONS• Gasoline engines (four-stroke)• Gasoline engines fitted with emissions control

equipment• Industrial and marine applications of passenger car

type gasoline engines.

BENEFITS• Provide Good Engine ProtectionProven metallo-organic anti-wear additive systemforms a protective layer on contact surfaces to controlwear. Effective corrosion inhibitors protect against rustand corrosion.

• Trouble-Free OperationSpecial combination of detergent and dispersantadditives controls piston and ring deposits that canadversely effect power and performance.

• Long Periods between OverhaulsVery good thermal and oxidation stability resistancecombats in-service oil degradation that contributes tofilter blocking and sludge formation.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• API SF• API CD• Military Specification

MIL-L-46152CMIL-L-2104D

KEY PROPERTIES


D2896, mg KOH/g 6.0

D4739, mg KOH/g 5.6


Viscosity,

mm2/s @ 40 °C 174.0

mm2/s @ 100 °C 19.1


Zinc, m% 0.05


Gasoline Engine Oil

9

High quality, shear-stable, multi grade gasoline engine oil for use in a wide range of passenger carand light-duty commercial vehicle engines where API SG performance lubricants are required. Alsofor gas-fuelled engines where manufacturer recommends passenger car motor oils of thisperformance level. It provides a high level of protection against starting friction, heat stress andengine deposits.

Cnergy CNG




APPLICATIONS• Gas-fuelled (natural gas and LPG) spark ignition

engines where conventional passenger car motoroils are recommended.

• Naturally aspirated and turbocharged gasolineengines in passenger cars.

• Light truck gasoline Engines.• Four-stroke gasoline engines in motorcycles and

portable power equipment where the manufacturerrecommends conventional passenger car motor oils.

BENEFITS• Long Engine LifeProven metallo-organic anti-wear additive systemresists wear under all operating conditions by forminga protective layer on contact surfaces. Multi gradeviscosity provides additional protection against wear atstart-up and under high temperature operatingconditions.

• Preserves Power and PerformanceMetallic detergent and ashless dispersant additivesystem preserves power and performance by providinggood control of piston and ring deposits under hightemperature conditions.

• Saves on MaintenanceVery good thermal and oxidation stability resists in-service oil degradation that contributes to filter blockingand sludge formation.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• API SG, SF, SE• API CD

KEY PROPERTIES


D2896, mg KOH/g 7.0

D4739, mg KOH/g 6.6

Phosphorus, m% 0.09


Viscosity,

mm2/s @ 40 °C 174.0

mm2/s @ 100 °C 19.1


Zinc, m% 0.10


Engine Oil

10

High quality, non-friction modified, multigrade gasoline engine oil specially designed for use in four-stroke motorcycles and portable power equipment requiring API SG performance lubricants. It isformulated with outstanding protection un 4 stroke motorcycle engines especially those with aircooled which tend to generate more heat.

Cnergy 4T Motorcycle Oil




APPLICATIONS• Air cooled, four-stroke motorcycle engines• Water cooled, four-stroke motorcycle engines• Particularly suitable for Japanese motorcycle

engines• Pumps, movers, etc

BENEFITS• High Power & PerformanceThe detergent/dispersant additive system is specificallydesigned for motorcycle applications and provides verygood control of ring belt and piston skirt deposits underhigh speed,high performance conditions. Correctfrictional characteristics enable smooth operation ofwet clutched.

• Prolongs Engine LifeAnti-wear additive system resists wear under varyinghigh speed and load conditions by forming a protectivelayer on contacting surface.

• Save on MaintenanceHigh oxidation stability resists oil degradation at hightemperatures and protects against oil thickening, andoil line and filter plugging.

• Good All-temperature PerformanceThe inherent multi-viscosity characteristics of theformulation maintain oil viscosity for protection at bothstart-up and during high temperature operation.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• API SG• API CD

KEY PROPERTIES


D2896, mg KOH/g 7.0

D4739, mg KOH/g 6.2


Viscosity,

mm2/s @ 40 °C 174.0

mm2/s @ 100 °C 19.1


Zinc, m% 0.05


4 Stroke Motorcycle Engine Oil

11

High performance, multigrade, heavy-duty diesel engine oil specially designed to lubricate highspeed turbo charged diesel engines requiring API CH-4, CF or SJ performance lubricants. Formulatedwith advance quality base oil in conjunction with superior additive package technology to deliverlonger engine life and enhanced performance.

Intelu Supreme




APPLICATIONSMixed fleets of diesel engines (high speed, four-stroke, turbocharged or naturally aspirated).Commercial road transport.Off-highway vehicles and plants.Agricultural tractors and farm machinery.High speed diesel engines in marine service (e.g.,fishing, river transport, etc.).Generator sets.Mobile hydraulic systems (where oil type andviscosity are appropriate.

BENEFITSReduces Fleet Maintenance Costs

Excellent additive packages including a combination ofhigh performance hydrocracked base fluids providesexcellent overall engine cleanliness in all serviceconditions. Exceptional oxidation stability protectsagainst the formation of gums and varnish at elevatedtemperatures.

Prolongs Engine LifeHigh efficiency dispersant combination plus provenmetallo anti-wear additive system provides excellentprotection against wear critically loaded componentsunder all operating conditions. Multigrade viscosityprovides additional protection against wear at start-upand under high temperature operating conditions.

Preserves Full Power and PerformanceOutstanding metallic detergent additive systempreserve full power and performance by providingexcellent upper-ring-belt deposit control under the hightemperatures encountered in turbocharged dieselengines.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDSAPI CH-4, CG-4, CF, CDAPI SJACEA E3, E5, E7European SpecificationCC MC D4, D2, G4, MB228.30Volvo VDS-2, Allison-C-4

KEY PROPERTIES

SAE Grade 15W-40 20W-50Base No. D2896, mg KOH/g 9.5 9.5 D4739, mg KOH/g 9.0 9.0Sulfated Ash, m% 1.2 1.3Viscosity, mm2/s @ 40 °C 115.0 174.0 mm2/s @ 100 °C 15.1 19.1Viscosity Index 137.0 125.0Zinc, m% 0.15 0.15


Diesel Engine Oil

12

High performance, multigrade, heavy-duty diesel engine oil specially designed to lubricate highspeed turbo charged diesel engines requiring API CF-4, CF or SG performance lubricants. It hasoutstanding detergency and dispersancy levels and provides excellent protection from oxidation,rust and corrosion. It is supreme quality multi grade diesel engine oil designed for all types of naturallyaspirated and turbo charged engines operating under high speed, high load and severe field conditions.

Intelu Super




APPLICATIONSCommercial road transport.Off-highway vehicles and plants.Agricultural tractors and farm machinery.High speed diesel engines in marine service (e.g.,fishing, river transport, etc.).Generator sets.Mobile hydraulic systems (where oil type andviscosity are appropriate.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDSAPI CF-4, CFAPI SGACEA A2, B3, E2European SpecificationMB229.1Volvo VDSUS Military SpecificationMil-L-2104E (15E-40)Mil-L-46152E

BENEFITSSaves on Fleet Maintenance Costs

Metallic detergent and ashless dispersant additivesystem provides both high temperature deposit controlin diesel engines and low temperature sludge control indiesel engines. High oxidation stability protects againstthe formation of gums and varnish at elevatedtemperatures, and resists thickening, and oil line andfilter plugging.

Longer Engine LifeProven metallo anti-wear additive system protectsagainst wear of critically loaded components under alloperating conditions. Multigrade viscosity providesadditional protection against wear at start-up and underhigh temperature operating conditions.

Maintains High Power and PerformanceMetallic detergent and ashless dispersant additivesystem maintains high power and performance byproviding very good upper-ring-belt deposit control,particularly under the high temperatures encounteredin turbocharged diesel engines.

KEY PROPERTIES

SAE Grade 15W-40 20W-50Base No. D2896, mg KOH/g 10.0 10.0 D4739, mg KOH/g 9.5 9.5Sulfated Ash, m% 1.4 1.4Viscosity, mm2/s @ 40 °C 115.0 174.0 mm2/s @ 100 °C 15.1 19.1Viscosity Index 137.0 125.0Zinc, m% 0.09 0.09


Diesel Engine Oil

13

Monograde, heavy-duty diesel engine oil specially designed to lubricate high speed turbo chargeddiesel engines requiring API CD performance lubricants. In price sensitive markets or in conditionsthat require frequent oil changes.

Intelu Classic




APPLICATIONSDiesel engines (high speed, four-stroke, turbochargedor naturally aspirated).Commercial road transport.Off-highway vehicles and plants.Agricultural tractors.High speed diesel engines in marine service (e.g.,fishing, river transport, etc.).Generator sets.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDSAPI CDAPI SFEuropean SpecificationCAT - T02, CCMC D2US Military SpecificationMil-L-2104

BENEFITSGood Protection for Diesel Engines

Proven metallo-organic anti-wear additive systemforms a protective layer on contact surfaces to resistwear. Effective corrosion inhibitors protect againstrusting and corrosive attack on bearings and otherengine components.

Dependable Diesel PerformanceSpecial combination of detergent and dispersantadditives maintains power and performance by resistingpiston and ring deposits under high temperatureconditions.

KEY PROPERTIES

SAE Grade 40 50Base No.

D2896, mg KOH/g 9.0 9.0D4739, mg KOH/g 8.5 8.5

Sulfated Ash, m% 1.3 1.3Viscosity,

mm2/s @ 40 °C 157.0 207.0mm2/s @ 100 °C 15.5 18.6

Viscosity Index 98.0 99.0Zinc, m% 0.05 0.05


Diesel Engine Oil

14

Monograde, heavy-duty diesel engine oil specially designed to lubricate high speed turbo chargeddiesel engines requiring API CC or SC performance lubricants in price sensitive markets or inconditions that require frequent oil changes.

Intelu Diesel Engine Oil




APPLICATIONSDiesel engines (high speed, four-stroke,turbocharged or naturally aspirated).Commercial road transport.Off-highway vehicles and plants.Agricultural tractors.High speed diesel engines in marine service (e.g.,fishing, river transport, etc.).Generator sets.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDSAPI CCAPI SCUS Military SpecificationMil-L-2104 B

BENEFITSGood Protection for Diesel Engines

Proven metallo-organic anti-wear additive systemforms a protective layer on contact surfaces to resistwear. Effective corrosion inhibitors protect againstrusting and corrosive attack on bearings and otherengine components.

Dependable Diesel PerformanceSpecial combination of detergent and dispersantadditives maintains power and performance by costeffectively controlling piston and ring deposits.

KEY PROPERTIES


D2896, mg KOH/g 3.5 3.5D4739, mg KOH/g 3.0 3.0

Sulfated Ash, m% 0.60 0.60Viscosity,

mm2/s @ 40 °C 145.0 222.0mm2/s @ 100 °C 14.4 19.1

Viscosity Index 97.0 96.0Zinc, m% 0.02 0.02


15

High performance, multipurpose, thermally stable, extreme pressure automotive gear lubricantformulated with “clean gear” technology for applications where API GL-5 performance is required.

Multi Purpose Gear OilExtreme Pressure Automotive Gear Oil



APPLICATIONS• Automotive hypoid gear differentials operating

under high speed and/or low speed, high torqueconditions.

• H e a v y - d u t y , n o n - s y n c h r o n i z e d m a n u a ltransmissions and transaxles requiring this type oflubricant.

• Automotive steering gears.• Top-up of limited-slip differentials after break-in of

new or rebuilt units.• For manual transmissions and transaxles where the

manufacturer recommends API GL-4 lubricants andadvises against the use of API GL-5 lubricants.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• API GL-5• API MT-1

US Military SpecificationMIL-PRF-2105E (SAE 80W-90,85W-140)MIL-L-2105D (90, 140)

BENEFITS• Reduced Maintenance CostsSpecial dispersant in the clean gear technology additive package suspends sledges carbonaceousdeposits in the gear oil, preventing their deposition on gear components and oil seals, thus avoidingthe need for premature overhaul due to deposit-induced seal wear or leakage. Outstanding thermalstability minimizes the total amount of deposits that the dispersant has to deal with.

• Extended Gear Equipment LifeHigh performance, sulfur-phosphorus EP additive system provides excellent load carrying capacityto protect gear equipment against surface distress (i.e., spelling, pitting, scoring and wear) underheavily loaded conditions. The special inhibitor system resists corrosion of copper alloys andferrous metals.

• Prolong Oil Service LifeHighly refined base oil and special inhibitor system provides excellent oxidation stability to resistoil degradation and thickening during long periods of severe high temperature operation.

SAE Grade 80W-90 85W-140 90 140Viscosity, mm2/s @ 40 °C 140.0 344.0 190.0 359.0 mm2/s @ 100 °C 15.0 25.5 17.5 26.0Viscosity Index 108.0 97.0 100.0 96.0Pour Point °C -21.0 - 21.0 -18.0 -12.0Timken OK Load, kg 27.0 27.0 27.0 27.0

KEY PROPERTIES


16

High performance, multipurpose, thermally stable, extreme pressure automotive gear lubricantformulated with “clean gear” technology for applications where API GL-4 performance is required.

Extreme Pressure (EP) Gear OilMulti Purpose Automotive Gear Oil



APPLICATIONS• Automotive hypoid gear differentials operating

under high speed and/or low speed, high torqueconditions.

• H e a v y - d u t y , n o n - s y n c h r o n i z e d m a n u a ltransmissions and transaxles requiring this type oflubricant.

• Automotive steering gears.• Top-up of limited-slip differentials after break-in of

new or rebuilt units.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• API GL-4• US Military Specification

MIL-PRF-2105E (SAE 80W-90,85W-140)MIL-L-2105D (90, 140)

• Reduced Maintenance CostsSpecial dispersant in the clean gear technology additive package suspends sledges carbonaceousdeposits in the gear oil, preventing their deposition on gear components and oil seals, thus avoidingthe need for premature overhaul due to deposit-induced seal wear or leakage. Outstanding thermalstability minimizes the total amount of deposits that the dispersant has to deal with.

• Extended Gear Equipment LifeHigh performance, sulfur-phosphorus EP additive system provides excellent load carrying capacityto protect gear equipment against surface distress (i.e., spelling, pitting, scoring and wear) underheavily loaded conditions. The special inhibitor system resists corrosion of copper alloys andferrous metals.

• Prolong Oil Service LifeHighly refined base oil and special inhibitor system provides excellent oxidation stability to resistoil degradation and thickening during long periods of severe high temperature operation.

SAE Grade 80W-90 85W-140 90 140Viscosity, mm2/s @ 40 °C 140.0 344.0 190.0 359.0 mm2/s @ 100 °C 15.0 25.5 17.5 26.0Viscosity Index 108.0 97.0 100.0 96.0Pour Point °C -24.0 -9.0 -9.0 -9.0

KEY PROPERTIES


17

ATF Type A can be used in power transmission where the equipment manufacture recommends useof Type A fluid. It has good thermal and oxidation stability, effective protection against rust corrosion,foaming and low viscosity to ensure power transfer efficiency in torque system.

ATF Type A

APPLICATIONS• Car & light truck manual missions.• Automotive heavy duty transmission.• Power shift transmission.• Power steering units.

BENEFITS• Longer Equipment LifeAnti-wear package control wear of critically loadedtransmission, compressor and hydraulic pumpcomponents.

• Extended Fluid Service LifeExcellent oxidation and thermal stability minimizeslubricant degradation under severe operationalconditions.

• Wide Temperature CapabilityVery high viscosity index and excellent lowtemperature fluidity provide exceptional service overa wide temperature range.

• Reduces DowntimeEffective rust and corrosion inhibitors providecontinuous protection to precision components.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• Meets and exceeds the requirement

of General Motor.

KEY PROPERTIES

Color Red

Pour Point, °C -21

Viscosity Brookfield mPa.s @- 40°C 50,000

Viscosity, Kinematic

mm2/s @ 40°C 33.5

mm2/s @100°C 6.0

Viscosity Index 130


Automatic Transmission Fluid




High performance, multipurpose, wide temperature range, anti wear automatic transmission fluid(ATF) is formulated to meet the requirement of Dexron III, Ford Mercon and Allison C-4 identificationsand approvals. Friction modified fluid. Suitable for the in automatic and semi automatic transmissionin passenger cars, light commercial vehicles and trucks. It can be used in power steering system,torque convertor and hydraulic Application of heavy duty agricultural and mining equipment.

ATF Dexron III

APPLICATIONS• Car & light truck automatic transmissions.• On-highway heavy-duty automatic transmissions.• Off-highway heavy-duty automatic transmissions.• Power shift transmission.• Power steering units (where the manufacturer

recommends a Dexron or Mercon fluids).• Industrial high pressure hydraulic systems.• Mobile hydraulic systems.• Stationary air compressors.• Screw type air compressors• Remote control hydraulic systems.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• Meets and exceeds the requirement

of General Motor Dexron III(G-34271)

• Ford Mercon (M011102)• Caterpiller TO-2• Allison C-4 (C4-30343901)

Automatic Transmission & Power Steering Fluid

BENEFITS• Maximize Transmission LifeShear stable viscosity index improver resists break downunder high shear conditions found in moderntransmissions, ensuring that the oil viscosity and filmthickness continue to protect the moving components.EP additive minimize wear of transmission parts underall service conditions.

• Smooth OperationCombination of carefully blended friction modifiers,base oil viscosity and shear stable viscosity indeximprovers provides optimum frictional characteristics,ensuring easy operation.

• Increased Fluid LifeOxidation inhibitors combine with highly refined basestocks, provide a level of oxidation resistance andthermal stability which prevents acid build up. Oilthickening and the formation of gum, varnish and sludge.

• Minimizes InventoryEffective EP additive, viscosity characteristics and awide range of manufacturers approvals allows us in avariety of automotive, industrial and marineapplications, reducing risk of misapplication.

KEY PROPERTIES

Color Red

Pour Point, °C -42

Viscosity Brookfield mPa.s @ -40°C 18,000


mm2/s @ 40°C 32.0

mm2/s @ 100°C 7.0



18




Advanced, non-petroleum automotive brake fluid designed for use in conventional hydraulic brakeand clutch system, particularly in severe service conditions or where DOT 3 fluids are recommended.Provides an additional safety margin against “vapor lock” compared with brake fluid meeting lessstringent specification requirements.

Brake Fluid

APPLICATIONS• All hydraulically operated motor vehicle braking

systems (drum and disc types) for which a DOT 3 orSAE J1703F fluid is specified.

• Vehicles with anti-lock (ABS) braking systems.• Hydraulic clutch systems requiring conventional

fluids.• Passenger cars, commercial road transport, off-

highway vehicles, agricultural tractors andmotorcycles.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• US Federal Motor Vehicle Safety

Standard FMVSS No. 116 and DOT3 Specification

• SAE J1703F Specification

Automotive Brake & Clutch Fluid DOT 3

BENEFITS• Maintains Braking Performance LongerHigher boiling point, and the ability to retain boiling pointin service, minimizes vapor formation at hightemperatures, enabling braking performance to bemaintained in service for longer period.

• Extended Fluid Service LifeOutstanding oxidation and thermal stability resists fluiddegradation and formation of harmful deposits,maximizing fluid service life and the retention of keyperformance features over the full life of the fluid.

• Minimize Leakage and Loss of PressureCorrect seal swell and lubricity characteristics minimizeleakage through seal shrinkage and component wearcaused by excessive seal swelling and/or inadequatelubrication of moving parts.

• Saves on MaintenanceBuffered formulation provides protection from acidicoxidation products for cast iron and steel componentsby maintaining the pH of the fluid in the alkaline range.Advanced technology inhibitors protect other metalssuch as aluminum, brass, copper, Zinc & Tin fromcorrosion by forming a protective layer on the surface.

KEY PROPERTIES

FMVSS Grade DOT 3

Equilibrium Reflux Boiling Point., °C 240.0

Wet Equilibrium Reflux Boiling Point., °C 145.0

pH 9.0


mm2/s @ -40°C 1150.0

mm2/s @ 100°C 1.80


19




Industrial

21

Premium quality, inhibited turbine oil formulated from highly refined base stocks and special rust,oxidation and foam inhibitor for the lubrication of modern, high severity, heavy-duty industrial gas& steam turbines. The high performance, ashless, low volatility anti-oxidant package impartsexceptional oxidation stability for the severest applications.

Turbine OilFormulated for Gas & Steam Turbines

APPLICATIONS• All types of heavy-duty, stationary industrial

gas turbines, particularly where reservoir oiltemperatures are up to 100°C, and gastemperatures in the bearing housing mayreach 400°C.

• High temperature, high pressure steamturbines.

• Turbine gear sets and other relatedequipment where turbine oils without

enhanced load carrying capacity aresuitable.

• All rotating machinery in gas and steamcombined-cycle cogeneration units.

• Centrifugal, rotary and reciprocatingcompressors, turbo-blowers and centrifugalpumps, requiring a rust and oxidationinhibited oil (not recommended for use inbreathing air compressors).

BENEFITS• Prolonged Oil Service LifeThe superior oxidation stability provided by the multi-component inhibitor system resists oil breakdown duringexposure to high temperature conditions for longer service life.

• Saves on Maintenance and DowntimeThe highly refined base stocks and multi-component oxidation inhibitor system resist the formation of harmfulsludge and varnish deposits. The special rust inhibitor protects components against corrosion.

• Trouble-free OperationThe excellent water separability of the highly refined base stocks and special inhibitor system ensure rapidsettling of harmful water accumulated from steam condensate. The non-silicone foam inhibitor allows rapidrelease of entrained air while minimizing foam formation to enable reliable operation of sensitive hydrauliccontrol devices.

• Save on InventoryThe premium quality rust and oxidation inhibited formulation has multipurpose capability in a wide range ofindustrial applications for which this type of product is recommended, simplifying oil inventories and reducingthe possibility of using the wrong lubricant.

ISO VG Grade 32 46 68 100Air Release @ 50°C, mins 2.9 3.8 6.2 -Flash Point, COC, °C 212.0 224.0 234.0 254.0Pour Point, °C - 9.0 -9.0 -9.0 - 9.0Viscosity, mm2/s@40°C 30.6 44.0 65.0 95.5 mm2/s@100°C 5.3 6.6 8.4 10.8Viscosity Index 102.0 100.0 98.0 96.0

KEY PROPERTIES


This bulletin was prepared in good faith from the best information available at the time of issue. While the values andcharacteristics are considered representative, some variations not effecting performance can be expected. It is the responsibilityof the user to ensure that the products are used in the applications for which they are intended.


PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• British Standard BS 489:1983 (ISO 32 TO 68)• ANSI/AGMA9005-D94: AGMA Lubricant

Nos. 1,2,3 (ISO 46, 68 & 100)

• Cincinnati Milacron, P-38, P-54,P-55 (ISO 32, 46, 68), respectively

• DIN 51524 Part 1, MIL-L-17672D, US Steel126

22

High performance, rust and oxidation inhibited, petroleum based compressor oil for the lubricationof reciprocating air compressors, contains a special ashless antioxidant, corrosion, and foaminhibitors.

Compressor OilFormulated for Reciprocating Air Compressor Oil

APPLICATIONS• Single-stage and multi-stage reciprocating

compressors with discharge temperatures up to220°C.

• R e c i p r o c a t i n g c o m p r e s s o r s w h e r e t h emanufacturer specifies DIN 51506 VDL oil.

• Air or inert gas reciprocating compressors.• Stationary, semi-portable and portable units.• Compression chamber and running gear of drip-

feed rotary compressors (as appropriate).

Not recommended for use in breathing air compressors.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• German Standard DIN 51506• Sperre Mek Verksted Approval• Suizer-Burckhardt Approval

BENEFITS• Saves on Maintenance and DowntimeExcellent oxidation stability and low carbon-forming tendency of the highly refined base oil andspecial inhibitor system reduces the build-up of harmful deposits on critical areas such as dischargevalves, maintaining compressor performance under the severest operating conditions. The highlyeffective film forming corrosion inhibitor plates out on metal surfaces to protect against rust causedby moisture entering the system, particularly during shutdown and intermittent operation.

• Long Oil Service LifeHigh oxidation stability also resists oil breakdown at high discharge temperatures in compressorcrankcase applications, permitting long oil drain intervals.

• Trouble-free OperationEffective anti-foam properties of the highly refined base oil and inhibitor system protect againstthe interruption of lubrication due to entrained air, and minimize the possibility of foaming andoverflow in tanks and reservoirs.

ISO VG Grade 32 46 68 100 150 220Acid No., D974, mg KOH/g 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.17Carbon Residue After Ageing,DIN 51352 Part 2, m % 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.8 2.7Flash Point, COC, °C 214.0 216.0 228.0 246.0 256.0 288.0Pour Point, °C - 12.0 - 12.0 - 12.0 - 12.0 -12.0 - 12.0Viscosity, mm2/s@40°C 30.6 44.0 65.0 95.5 143.0 210.0 mm2/s@ 100°C 5.3 6.7 8.5 10.8 14.1 18.3Viscosity Index 104.0 103.0 97.0 96.0 96.0 96.0

KEY PROPERTIES

Note: The Typical characteristics are given as a guide only



23

Premium quality, anti-wear hydraulic fluid designed for use in mobile and stationary high pressurehydraulic systems.

Hydraulic Oil AWAnti-Wear Hydraulic Oil

APPLICATIONS• Industrial hydraulic systems.• Hydraulics of mobile and construction

equipment.• Hydraulic systems with vane, gear or piston

pumps.• Plastic injection molding machine.• Machine tools.• Enclosed gear system.• Industrial circulating system.• Appropriate for reciprocating compressor.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• Denison Hydraulics HF-0 (ISO 32, 46

& 68)• Vickers

M-2952-S, I-286-S (IndustrialApplications),M-2950-S [Mobile Applications] (ISO32, 46, 68)

• Cincinnati Milacron P-68 (ISO 32),P-69 (ISO 68), P-70 (ISO 46)

• David Brown Industrial Gears 0A, 1A,2A, 3A, 4A & 5A

BENEFITS• Longer Equipment LifeSpecial anti-wear additive package reduces wear by protecting surfaces when load causes breakdownof the lubricant film.

• Reduced DowntimeEffective rust and oxidation inhibitor system prevents the production of abrasive particles from rustformation, and deposits, varnish and sludge from oil breakdown, which can damage equipmentsurfaces and seals, and block filters prematurely.

• Trouble-free OperationGood hydrolytic stability and water separation characteristics provide excellent filterability in thepresence of water contamination. Good anti-foam and air release properties ensure smooth operationand system efficiency.

• Extended Oil Services LifeHigh oxidation stability resists all thickening and deposit formation in service, eliminating the needfor unscheduled change of hydraulic fluid.

ISO VG Grade 32 46 68 100Air Release @50°C, mins 4.0 7.5 9.0 12.0Flash Point, COC, °C 210.0 220.0 226.0 240.0Pour Point, °C -33.0 -33.0 -30.0 -21.0Viscosity, mm2/s@40°C 30.5 44.0 65.0 95.5 mm2/s@100°C 5.3 6.7 8.6 10.8Viscosity Index 106.0 106.0 104.0 97.0

KEY PROPERTIES




24

High performance, extreme pressure, industrial gear lubricant formulated with a sulfur-phosphorusadditive system, which also provides rust and oxidation inhibition, a corrosion and oxidation inhibitorand a metal passivator. Designed primarily for industrial gear lubrication services where loads andshock loadings are high.

Heavy Duty Gear OilsIndustrial Gear Oils

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• ANSI/AGMA9005-D94 [EP] (Grades

68 to 320)• U.S. Steel 224 (Grade 68 to 320)• David Brown, Table E, approved

(Grade 68 to 460)• DIN 51517 Part 3 (Grade 68 to 460)

APPLICATIONS• Enclosed industrial gear drives.• Open gear drives (heavy grades)• Spur, bevel, helical, worm and industrial hypoid

gear cases.• Industrial type reduction gearboxes on mining

equipment, cement mills, ball and rolling mills,crushers, conveyors, kilns, winches, machinetools and marine equipment.

• Chain drives, sprockets and flexible couplings.• Plain and rolling element bearings.

BENEFITS• Maintains Gear Set EfficienciesHigh thermal stability EP system maintains clean gear and bearing surface, minimizing depositswhich interfere with effective lubrication. High oxidation stability limits in-service viscosity increases,which lead to energy losses.

• Extends Equipment LifeExtremely effective EP system forms a protective film in areas of metal-to-metal contact, minimizingwear rates and maintaining efficient transfer of power. Good water separation and effective rustinhibitors protect surfaces against rust and corrosion. High thermal stability additive system reducesthe formation of high temperature compounds which can be corrosive to bearing material Theeffective corrosion inhibitor provides additional protection for metal components.

• Long Oil LifeEffective oxidation inhibitors and copper passivator minimize oil oxidation, limiting viscosity increaseand extending oil drain intervals.

ISO VG Grade 68 100 150 220 320 460AGMA Lubricant No. 2EP 3EP 4EP 5EP 6EP 7EPDavid Brown Grade 2E 3E 4E 5E 6E 7EPour Point, °C - 18.0 - 18.0 -15.0 - 15.0 - 12.0 -12.0Timken OK Load, kg 31.8 31.8 31.8 34.0 34.0 ---Viscosity, mm2/s@ 40°C 65.0 95.5 143.0 210.0 306.0 439.0 mm2/s@100°C 8.5 11.0 14.5 18.6 23.7 439.0Viscosity Index 101.0 100.0 99.0 98.0 97.0 96.0

KEY PROPERTIES




25

Highly refined paraffinic mineral oils suitable for industrial circulating systems and general purposelubrication where straight mineral oils are acceptable.

Circulating OilIndustrial Circulating Oil

APPLICATIONS• General purpose industrial lubrication, particularly in once-through lubrication systems.• Industrial circulating systems, particularly those incorporating clay filters to remove high levels

of contamination.• Light duty gear cases.• Machine tools.• Air compressors as appropriate (not recommended for use in breathing air compressors).• Vacuum pumps.• Heat transfer fluid, where inhibited oils are recommended.• Process or extender oils in the rubber 7 plastics industries.

BENEFITS• Low MaintenanceThis is highly refined straight mineral oil offer excellent filterability with all commercial filters andperforms exceptionally well with filters using fuller's earth maximizing filter change intervals.

• Trouble-free OperationSuperior water separating characteristics prevent sludging in low operating temperature conditionwhere condensation is a problem. Low carbon residue forming tendencies minimize deposit formationin air compressor service.

• Long Oil Service LifeNatural oxidation stability resists oil degradation and protects against oil thickening.

ISO Grade 32 46 68 100 150 220 320Flash Point 210.0 220.0 230.0 238.0 244.0 250.0 280.0Pour Point, °C - 12.0 - 9.0 - 9.0 - 9.0 - 9.0 - 9.0 - 9.0Viscosity, Kinematic mm2/s @ 40°C 30.6 44.0 64.9 95.5 143.0 210.0 306.0 mm2/s @100°C 5.2 6.5 8.4 10.8 14.2 18.3 23.5Viscosity Index 101.0 99.0 98.0 96.0 96.0 96.0 96.0

KEY PROPERTIES




26

Soluble Cutting Oil is used broadly in machine shops as a multifunctional cutting fluid. It is primarilydesigned to cool and lubricate the contact point of the tool and the work piece.

Soluble Cutting Oil is high grade soluble oil which makes an extremely stable milky emulsion forapplication in a wide range of metal cutting operation.

It gives excellent tool life and finish in all metal cutting operations where soluble cutting oil ensureslong life and lasting ability to prevent corrosion.

Cutting Soluble OilWater Soluble Metal Working Fluid

APPLICATIONS• Used extensively in milling, drilling, gear cutting, turning, planning, shaping, sawing and grinding

operations.• Always add oil to water to avoid forming sticky invert emulsions that do not emulsify properly

in water.• Provides excellent in-process corrosion protection. Use of this product as a metal protective

fluid for short-term rust protection is not recommended.

BENEFITS• Minimal separation

Excellent emulsion even with hard water

• Good rust protectionFor steel work and machined parts even when water/oil emulsion ratios are 80:1

• CoolingImproved by metal wetting. Also good chip settling

• Reduced foamingPossibility of sump overflow minimized

• Good stability in storageReduced tendency to turn rancid

Flash Point, COC °C 183.0Pour Point, °C - 12.0Viscosity, Kinematic mm2/s @40°C 46.0 mm2/s @100°C 6.90Viscosity Index 104.0

KEY PROPERTIES




27

Highly refined, thermally stable paraffinic petroleum oil formulated for use as a heat transfer fluidin both closed and open transfer systems with forced circulation.

Therm OilsIndustrial Heat Transfer Oil

BENEFITS• Maximum Energy EfficiencyExcellent heat transfer properties enable easy circulation and efficient transfer of heat.

• Resists Deposit FormationOutstanding oxidation and thermal stability resists formation of sludges and coke deposits, providinglong oil service life.

• Rapid Response at Start-upLow temperature flow characteristics allow prompt circulation.

• Economical Low Pressure OperationLow vapor pressure at elevated temperatures minimizes evaporation, vapor lock and pumpcavitations, allowing efficient operation at lower system pressures avoiding the need for expensivehigh pressure piping and heating exchangers.

Physical &Thermal Properties versus Temperature100°C 200°C 300°C 100°C 200°C 300°C

Density, kg/L 0.82 0.76 0.69 0.83 0.77 0.70 Dynamic Viscosity, mPa.s 4.35 1.05 0.46 5.40 1.20 0.52 Specific Heat Kj / kg.°C 2.15 2.15 2.88 2.12 2.50 2.87 Thermal Conductivity, W/m.°C 0.128 0.120 0.112 0.126 0.119 0.112 Vapor Pressure, mmHg - 3.5 150.0 - 2.0 100.0Note: The typical characteristics are given as a guide only.



APPLICATIONS• Open systems operating at temperatures up to 200°C.• Closed systems (sealed with cold oil or inert gas).

For long, trouble-free service in closed systems, the maximum film temperature on the heatersurfaces should be limited to 340°C.

Systems must have forced circulation of the heat transfer fluid.

KEY PROPERTIES

ISO VG Grade 32 46Auto Ignition Temperature, °C 350.0 360.0Flash Point, COC, °C 212.0 224.0Pour Point, °C - 12.0 - 9.0Viscosity, mm2/s@ 40°C 30.6 43.3 mm2/s@100°C 5.3 6.65Viscosity Index 102.0 99.0

28

A series of black, adhesive, residual oil based lubricants recommended for a range of industrialapplications where low cost, heavy lubricating oil is required.

Sugar Mill CompoundIndustrial Open Gear, Chain and Wire Rope Lubricant

APPLICATIONS• Open gears (e.g., mining, quarrying and

construction equipment).• Chains and sprockets.• Wire rope.• Flexible couplings.• Sliding surface (e.g., drag lines and shovels)• Enclosed gears and traction motor gear cases

(where leakage is excessive with conventionallubricants).

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• ANSI/AGMA 9005-D9

BENEFITS• Excellent Wear Protection under Adverse ConditionsThe high load carrying capacity and adhesive properties of the residual base oil ensures that a tough,durable lubricating film is maintained on exposed gears and surface.

• Good Rust ProtectionThe tenacious lubricant coating protects exposed metal surfaces against the elements. The specialcompounding components provide additional rust protection by resisting water washout.

• Quiet Operation of GearsThe highly cohesive lubricant coating remains pliable and effectively cushions gears and contactingsurfaces.

Light Medium HeavyFlash Point, °C 270 280 284Pour Point, °C 12 24 30Viscosity, Kinematic mm2/s @100°C 100 110 185Timken OK Load, kg 9 12 15

KEY PROPERTIES




Marine

30

High alkaline reserve (70 Base Number) trunk piston engine oil (TPEO) designed for use in highspecific output medium-speed trunk piston engines burning high sulfur residual fuels (over 3%sulfur) under severe conditions in marine or stationary service.

Marine Oil 5070

APPLICATIONS• Cylinder lubrication of all marine crosshead-type

diesel engines operating in both marine andstationary service, and burning heavy residual typefuel oils. Particularly recommended where fuel sulfurcontent is higher than 3%.

• Engine operating at high specific outputs and highthermal loads where manufacturers consider a highlevel of alkalinity will provide the necessaryprotection and the use of an SAE 50 grade isspecified.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• API CD




BENEFITS• Extends Rings and Liner LifeHighly alkaline detergent additive system ensures thatacidic by-products from the combustion of high sulfurfuel are effectively neutralized to minimize ring andcylinder liner wear.

• Reduces Maintenance CostsSpecial combination of highly refined base oils and highlydetergent additive system minimizes deposit formationin the ring belt zone to prevent ring sticking. Depositsare also minimized in the combustion chamber andexhaust areas. High viscosity and lubricity maintain anoil film under the most severe high load conditions.Thereby reducing frictional wear and preventingscuffing of liners, pistons and rings.

• High Power OutputsOutstanding thermal and oxidation stability assist thedetergent/dispersant additive system in providingexcellent control of high temperature deposits in areasuch as the under crown of the piston and the pistonring belt area, enabling piston rings to functioneffectively.

KEY PROPERTIES

SAE Grade 50Base No.

D2896, mg KOH/g 70.0


Viscosity,

mm2/s @ 40 °C 211.0

mm2/s @ 100 °C 19.0


Pour Point., °C - 18.0


Marine & Stationary Diesel Engine Oil

31

High alkaline reserve (40 Base Number) trunk piston engine oil (TPEO) designed for use in highspecific output medium-speed trunk piston engines burning high sulfur residual fuels (over 2.5%sulfur) under severe conditions in marine or stationary service.

Marine Oil 4040

APPLICATIONS• Medium-speed trunk piston engines including latest

designs in stationary power generation.• Medium-speed trunk piston engines (marine service)• Cylinder lubrication in certain trunk piston engines

(with separate lubricators which supplement splashlubrication from the crankcase)





BENEFITS• Prolongs Oil Change-Out PeriodsThe high Base Number (BN) and superior alkalinityretention characteristics maintain sufficiently high BNunder all service conditions to ensure corrosive acidsformed by the combustion of fuel sulfur are effectivelyneutralized, thereby minimizing liner wear.

• Reduces Maintenance CostsThe detergent/dispersant additive system providesexceptional engine cleanliness by controlling “blacksludge”, which can adversely affect both operation andmaintenance in newer design engines.


• Efficient Purifying System PerformanceThe detergent/dispersant additive system effectivelycontrols insoluble. Excellent water separationcharacteristics enable water to be centrifuged out withessentially no loss of additive.

KEY PROPERTIES

SAE Grade 40Base No.

D2896, mg KOH/g 40.0

D4739, mg KOH/g 39.0


Viscosity,

mm2/s @ 40 °C 152.0

mm2/s @ 100 °C 15.0


Zinc, m% 0.06



32

Moderately high alkaline reserve (30 Base Number) trunk piston engine oil (TPEO) designed for usein high specific output medium-speed trunk piston engines burning high sulfur residual fuels (over2.5% sulfur) under severe conditions in marine or stationary service.

Marine Oil 3030/4030

APPLICATIONS• Medium-speed trunk piston engines including latest

designs in stationary power generation.• Medium-speed trunk piston engines (marine service)• Cylinder lubrication in certain trunk piston engines

(with separate lubricators which supplement splashlubrication from the crankcase)





BENEFITS• Reduces Maintenance CostsThe detergent/dispersant additive system providesexceptional engine cleanliness by controlling “blacksludge”, which can adversely affect both operation andmaintenance in newer design engines.


• Prolongs Oil Change-Out PeriodsThe high Base Number (BN) and superior alkalinityretention characteristics maintain sufficiently high BNunder all service conditions to ensure corrosive acidsformed by the combustion of fuel sulfur are effectivelyneutralized, thereby minimizing liner wear.

• Efficient Purifying System PerformanceThe detergent/dispersant additive system effectivelycontrols insoluble. Excellent water separationcharacteristics enable water to be centrifuged out withessentially no loss of additive.

KEY PROPERTIES


D2896, mg KOH/g 30.0 30.0

D4739, mg KOH/g 29.0 29.0

Sulfated Ash, m% 3.8 3.8

Viscosity,

mm2/s @ 40 °C 107.0 152.0

mm2/s @ 100 °C 11.9 15.0

Viscosity Index 99.0 98.0

Zinc, m% 0.06 0.06



33

Lower alkaline reserve (12 Base Number) trunk piston engine oil (TPEO) designed for use in highspecific output medium-speed trunk piston engines burning high sulfur residual fuels (over 1.0%sulfur) under severe conditions in marine or stationary service.

Marine Oil 3012/4012/5012

APPLICATIONS• Medium-speed trunk piston engines (marine

service)• Cylinder lubrication in certain trunk piston

engines (with separate lubricators whichsupplement splash lubrication from thecrankcase)





BENEFITS• Reduces Maintenance CostsThe detergent/dispersant additive systemprovides exceptional engine cleanliness bycontrolling “black sludge”, which can adverselyaffect both operation and maintenance in newerdesign engines.

• Maintains Power OutputsOutstanding thermal and oxidation stabilityassist the detergent/dispersant additivesystem in providing excellent control of hightemperature deposits in area such as the undercrown of the piston and the piston ring belt area,enabling piston rings to function effectively.

• Prolongs Oil Change-Out PeriodsThe high Base Number (BN) and superioralkalinity retention characteristics maintainsufficiently high BN under all service conditionsto ensure corrosive acids formed by thecombustion of fuel sulfur are effectivelyneutralized, thereby minimizing liner wear.

• Efficient Purifying System PerformanceThe detergent/dispersant additive systemeffectively controls insoluble. Excellent waterseparation characteristics enable water to becentrifuged out with essentially no loss ofadditive.

KEY PROPERTIES

SAE Grade 30 40 50Base No.

D2896, mg KOH/g 12.0 12.0 12.0

D4739, mg KOH/g 11.5 11.5 11.5

Sulfated Ash, m% 1.6 1.6 1.6

Viscosity,

mm2/s @ 40 °C 96.0 137.0 219.0

mm2/s @ 100 °C 11.0 14.0 19.0

Viscosity Index 99.0 98.0 97.0

Zinc, m% 0.06 0.06 0.06



Greases

35

Multipurpose EP grease containing refined high viscosity index paraffinic base stock and lithiumhydroxyl stearate soap.It contains extreme pressure, anti wear, anti rust, anti corrosion additivepackage to assure its best performance in heavy duty and shock loading operations. It has highchemical stability to protect moving parts from wear, rust and corrosion.

Extreme Pressure Grease

APPLICATIONS• Automotive• Constructions• Earthmoving, Quarrying and Mining• Agricultural Equipment• Wheel Bearings• Chassis Grease Point Lubrication• Industrial Rolling Element Bearings

– Usable Temperature Range in continuous service is: -30 to 120°C (NLGI 2) -30 to 120°C (NLGI 3)– Maximum Temperature for short-term exposure is 175°C

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS• NLGI Grade 2 & 3




Automotive & Industrial Purpose

KEY PROPERTIESNLGI Grade 2 3Dropping Point, °C 180.0 180.0Penatration, Worked 60 Strokes @ 25°C 280.0 235.0Thickener (Lithium), m% 7.5 10.0Oil Viscosity, Kinematic

mm2/s @40°C 208.0 208.0mm2/s @100°C 18.2 18.2

Timken OK Load, Kg 18.0 18.0Operating Temperature °C -30 to 120 -30 to 120Note: The typical characteristics are given as a guide only.

BENEFITS• Lessens Maintenance CostsEffective EP additive protects against component wear under high load conditions. Effective rustand corrosion inhibitors protect metal surfaces in wet operating conditions.

• Reduces DowntimeExcellent oxidation resistance ensures enhanced grease life.

• Ease of OperationGood pumpability characteristics of the lithium thickener provide suitable flow properties for greasepump application systems (NLGI 2).

• Minimize Inventory CostMultipurpose capability allows use in a wide range of automotive and Industrial Applications, reducingthe number of different greases required and eliminating product misapplication.

36

Multipurpose Grease is superior quality smooth textured grease. It containing refined high viscosityindex paraffinic base stock and excellent additive packages with anti wear, anti corrosion and extremepressure. It is suitable for different types of plain, roller and ball bearings used in blowers, pumps,gear boxes and electric motors. It contains excellent quality additive to maintain its structure underheavy shock loading and vibration.

Multi Purpose EP GreaseAutomotive & Industrial Purpose

APPLICATIONS• General purpose automotive applications• Constructions• Earthmoving, Quarrying and Mining• Agricultural Equipment• Wheel Bearings• Chassis Grease Point Lubrication• Industrial Ball & Roller Bearings

– Usable Temperature Range in continuous service is: -30 to 120°C (NLGI 2) -30 to 120°C (NLGI 3)– Maximum Temperature for short term exposure is 175°C






KEY PROPERTIESNLGI Grade 2 3Dropping Point, °C 180.0 190.0Penetration, Worked 60 Strokes @ 25°C 280.0 235.0Thickener (Lithium), m% 7.0 9.5Oil Viscosity, Kinematic mm2/s @ 40°C 200.0 200.0 mm2/s @100°C 17.6 17.6Operating Temperature °C -30 to 120 -30 to 120

BENEFITS• Protects EquipmentResistance to water washout retains grease in place in wet environments. Mechanically stabilityminimize shear down of the grease reducing leakage from bearings.

• Good Service LifeEffective oxidation inhibitor reduces the degradation of the base oil in service, increasing the servicelife of the grease


37

Calcium based grease containing refined high viscosity index paraffinic base stock, calcium basedthickener and balanced additive package. It is suitable for automobile chassis, water pumps, workshopand construction equipment. It provides protection against rust, corrosion and wear and hasoutstanding ability to resist water washout.

Calcium GreaseAutomotive & Industrial Purpose

APPLICATIONS• Automotive• Constructions• Earthmoving, Quarrying and Mining• Agricultural Equipment• Wheel Bearings• Chassis Grease Point Lubrication• Industrial Rolling Element Bearings

– Usable Temperature Range in continuous service is:-20 to 55°C (NLGI 2)-20 to 55°C (NLGI 3)


BENEFITS• Lessens Maintenance CostsPerfect and well distributed fiber structure of its thickener offer preferable structure characteristicof grease with shear force.Effective rust and corrosion inhibitors protect metal surfaces in wet operating conditions.

• Reduces DowntimeExcellent oxidation resistance ensures enhanced grease life.

• Ease of OperationGood pumpability characteristics of the calcium thickener provide suitable flow properties for greasepump application systems (NLGI 2).






KEY PROPERTIESNLGI Grade 2 3Dropping Point, °C 90.0 90.0Penatration, Worked 60 Strokes @ 25°C 280.0 235.0Thickener (Lithium), m% 7.5 10.0Oil Viscosity, Kinematic mm2/s @40°C 208.0 208.0 mm2/s @100°C 18.2 18.2Operating Temperature °C -20 to 55 -20 to 55

Appendices

39

The American Petroleum Institute engine oil classificationSystem was set up as a joint effort by API (AmericanPetroleum Institute), ASTM (American Society for Testingand Material) and SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers). Thelatter classification system is a method of classifying engineoils according to their performance characteristics, andrelating this to their intended type of service.

The API system currently includes service classifications forservice station/spark ignition engine (“S” series) and forcommercial applications/compression ignition engines (“C”series). It also acknowledges the energy conservingproperties of engine oils through specific engine test whereapply: It is an “open-ended” system which allows for theaddition of new designations with little change to existingones.

“S” Service Station/Spark Ignition Engine Classifications:Only three API “S” Service Classifications, categories SM, SLand SJ, are current. The API decided to move directly fromAPI Service Classification SH to SJ in order to avoid confusionwith the abbreviation SI, which is used for the SystemInternational d Unites (International System for Units) and“Spark Ignition”. The remaining categories are obsolete dueto the introduction of higher performance categories, or thenon-availability of test methods:

“SM” Current:For all automotive engines currently in use. IntroducedNovember 30, 2004, SM oils are designed to provide oxidationresistance, improved deposit protection, better wearprotection, and better low-temperature performance overthe life of the oil. Some SM oils may also meet the latest ILSACspecification and/or qualify as Energy Conserving.

“SL” Current:For all automotive engines presently in use. Introduced July1, 2001. SL oils are designed to provide better high-temperature deposit control and lower oil consumption. Someof these oils may also meet the latest ILSAC specificationand/or qualify as Energy Conserving.

“SJ” for 1996 Gasoline Engine Warranty MaintenanceService:Service typical of gasoline engines in 1997 and earlierpassenger car, van and light truck. This category exceededthe minimum performance requirements of API ServiceCategory SH with a slight different simulated distillation andevaporation loss, plus met the requirements of bench testsfor wet filterability, gelation index, high temperature foaming,and high temperature deposits. API Service Category SJ alsointroduced a limit on phosphorus content of 0.1 mass %. APIService Category SJ may be used where API SH, SG and earliercategories have been recommended.

Engine Test Requirements: IID, IIIE, VE, L-38 (Plus some benchtesting requirements).

“SH” for 1994 Gasoline Engine Warranty MaintenanceService:Service typical of gasoline engine in 1994 and earlier passengercar, van and light truck. This category exceeds the minimumperformance requirements of API Service Category SG in theareas of deposit control, oil oxidation, wear, rust andcorrosion. Engine oils meeting API Service Category SH havebeen tested in accordance with the Chemical ManufacturersAssociation (CMA) Code of Practice, and be used where APIService Category SG and earlier categories have beenrecommended.

Engine Test Requirements: IID, IIIE, VE, L-38 (Plus some benchtesting requirements).

“SG” for 1989 Gasoline Engine Warranty MaintenanceService (Obsolete):Service typical of gasoline engines in passenger cars, vansand light-duty trucks, and some diesel engines, beginningwith 1989 models. Oils developed for API ServiceClassification SG provide improved control of sludge andvarnish, oil oxidation and engine wear relative to engine oilsdeveloped for previous categories. These oils also provideprotection against rust and corrosion. Oils meeting APIService Category SG may be used when API ServiceCategories SF, SE and earlier categories are recommended.

Engine Test Requirements: IID, IIIE, VE, L-38, 1-H2.

“SF” for 1980 Gasoline Engine Warranty MaintenanceService (Obsolete):Service typical of gasoline in passenger cars and some trucksbeginning with 1980 models. Oils developed for this serviceprovided increased oxidation stability and improved anti wearperformance relative to engine oils that met the minimumrequirements for API Service Category SE. These oils providedprotection against engine deposits, rust and corrosion. Oilsmeeting API Service Category SF may be used when APIService Categories CE, SD or SC are recommended.

Engine Test Requirements: IID, IIIE, VD, L-38.

“SE” for 1972 Gasoline Engine Warranty MaintenanceService (Obsolete):Service typical of gasoline engines in passenger cars andsome trucks beginning with 1972 and certain 1971 models.Oils designed for this service provided more protectionagainst oil oxidation, high-temperature engine deposits, rustand corrosion in gasoline engines than oils that satisfied APIEngine Service Categories SD or SC and may used when eitherof these categories is recommended/.

Engine Test Requirements: IIC or IID, IIIC or IIID, VC or VD,L-38.

“SD” for 1968 Gasoline Engine Warranty MaintenanceService (Obsolete)Service typical of gasoline engines beginning with 1968models. Of little relevance to modern gasoline engines.Superseded by API Service Category SE in 1972.

Engine Test Requirements: IIB, IIIB,IV, VB, L-38, L-1 or I-H.

“SC” for 1964 Gasoline Engine Warranty MaintenanceService (Obsolete)Service typical of gasoline engines in 1964 through 1967. Oflittle relevance to modern gasoline engines. Superseded byAPI Service Category SD in 1968.

Engine Test Requirements: IIB, IIIA, IV, V, L-38, L-1.

“SB” for Minimum-Duty Gasoline Engine Service (Obsolete)Oils meeting this service provided only mild antis cuffcapability, and some resistance to oil oxidation and bearingcorrosion. Oils of API Service Category SB should not usedin any engine unless specifically recommended by themanufacturer.

Engine Test Requirements: L-4 or L-38, IV.

“SA” formerly for Utility Gasoline and Diesel Engine Service(Obsolete)Oils for such mild service that the category had noperformance requirements. Oils of API Service Category SAshould not be used in any engine unless specificallyrecommended by the manufacturer.

Engine Test Requirements: None

Appendix - AAPI Engine Service Classifications

40

“C” Commercial Classifications:Six API “C” Service Classifications are current, namely,CI-4, CH-4, CG-4, CF-4, CF-2 and CF. Anew proposal PC-10is being prepared for the heavy-duty engine oils which will berequired for engines meeting 2007 emission requirements.

CI-4 Current:Introduced September 5, 2002. For high-speed, four-strokeengines designed to meet 2004 exhaust emission standardsimplemented in 2002. CI-4 oils are formulated to sustainengine durability where exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) isused. Accordingly CI-4 required significant increase inoxidation stability, soot control, and control over corrosivewear in comparison with API CH-4 can be used in place of CD,CF-4, CG-4 and CH-4 oils.

CH-4 For Severe-Duty, Four-Stroke-Cycle Diesel EngineService:Introduced in 1998 for high speed, four-stroke enginesdesigned to meet 1998 exhaust emission standards. Requiressubstantially higher levels of control over soot-related wearand viscosity increase. Can be used in place of CD, CE,CF-4 and CG-4 oils.

CG-4 for Medium to Severe-Duty, Four-Stroke-Cycle DieselEngine Service:API Service Category CG-4 describes oils for use in highspeed, four-stroke-cycle diesel engines used in both heavy-duty, on-highway applications. CG-4 oils provide effectivecontrol over high temperature piston deposits, wear,corrosion, foaming, oxidation stability and soot accumulation.These oils are especially effective in engines designed to meet1994 U.S.A exhaust emission standards and may also b usedin engines requiring API Service Categories CF-4, CE and CD.

Engine Test Requirement: IN, T8, IIIE, L-38, GM6.2L (plussome bench testing requirements).

CF-4 Four-Stroke-Cycle Diesel Engine Service:Service typical of certain high-speed turbocharged andsupercharged, four-stroke-cycle diesel engines since 1990.API Service Category CF-4 oils exceed the requirements ofthe API Service Category CE and provide improved controlof oil consumption and engine deposits. Oils meeting APIService Category CF-4 may be used when API ServiceCategories CE and CD are recommended for diesel engines.

Engine Tests Requirements: 1K, L-38, T-6, T-7, NTC-400.

CF-2 Two-Stroke-Cycle Diesel Engine Service:API Service Category CF-2 denotes service typical of two-stroke-cycle engines requiring highly effective control overcylinder and ring-face scuffing and deposits. Oils designatefor this service have been in existence since 1994 and mayalso be used when API Service category CD-II isrecommended. These oils do not necessarily meet therequirements of CF or CF-4 unless passing test requirementsof these categories.

Engine Test Requirements: 1M-PC, 6V-92TA, L-38.

CF for Indirect-Injected Diesel Engine Service:API Service category CF denotes service typical of indirect-injected diesel engines, and other diesel engines which use abroad range of fuel types including those using fuel with highersulfur content, for example over 0.5% weight. Effectivecontrol of piston deposits, wear and copper-containingbearing corrosion is essential for these engines which maybe naturally aspirated, turbocharged. Oils designated for this

service has been in existence since 1994/and may also beused when API Service Category CD is recommended.

Engine Test Requirements: 1M-PC, L-38.

CE for 1983 Diesel Engine Service (Obsolete)Service typical of certain turbocharged and superchargedheavy-duty diesel engines manufactured since 1983 andoperating under high-load conditions for low and high speedoperation. Oils designed for this service may be used whereAPI Service Category CD is recommended for diesel engines.

Engine Test Requirements: 1-C2, L-38, T-6, T-7, NTC-400.

CD-II for Severe-Duty Two-Stroke-Cycle Diesel EngineService (Obsolete):Service typical of Two-stroke-cycle diesel engines requiringhighly effective control over wear and deposits. Oils designedfor this service also meet all requirements of API ServiceCategory CD.

Engine Test Requirements: 1-G2, L-38, 6V-53T.

CD for Diesel Engine Service (Obsolete):Service typical of certain naturally aspirated, turbochargedor supercharged diesel engines where highly effective controlof wear and deposits is vital or when using fuels of a widequality range, including high-sulfur fuels. Oils designed forthis service were introduced in 1955 and provide protectionfrom bearing corrosion and form high-temperature depositsin these diesel engines.

Engine Test Requirements: 1-G2, L-38

CC for Diesel Engine Service (Obsolete):Service typical of certain naturally aspirated and lightlysupercharged diesel engines operated in moderate to severservice, and certain heavy-duty gasoline engines. Oilsdesigned for this service provided protection from high-temperature deposits and bearing corrosion in these dieselengines, and from rust, corrosion and low-temperaturedeposits in gasoline engines. These oils were introduced in1961.

Engine Test Requirements: L-38, LTD or Modified LTD; IICor IID. 1-H2.

CB for Diesel Engine Service (Obsolete)Service typical of diesel engines operated in mild to moderateduty. Oils designed for this service provided necessaryprotection from bearing corrosion and high-temperaturedeposits in normally-aspirated diesel engines with lowerquality fuels. Oils of API Service Category CB should not beused in any engine unless specifically recommended by themanufacturer.

Engine Test Requirements: L4, or L-38, L-1.

CA for Diesel Engine Service (Obsolete):Service typical of diesel engines operated in mild to moderateduty with high-quality fuel. Oils designed for this serviceprovided protection from bearing corrosion and from ringbelt deposits in some naturally aspirated diesel engines whenusing such quality fuels that they imposed no unusualrequirements for wear and deposit protection. Oils of APIService Category CA should not be used in any engine unlessspecially recommended by the manufacturer.

Engine Test Requirements: L-4 or L-38, L-1.

41

The American Petroleum Institute (API), in cooperation withthe ASTM, has assigned lubricant services designations todifferentiate the various performance levels of automotivetransmission and axle lubricants. The API Axle and ManualTransmission Lubricant Classification System include SevenClasses of Service, of which four are in current use.

Service Designations in Current Use

API GL-5:Designates the type of service characteristic of gears,particularly hyoids in automotive axles operated under high-speed and/or low-speed, high torque conditions. Lubricantsqualified under U.S. Military Specification MIL-L-2105D(formerly MIL-2105C) satisfy the requirements of the GL-5designation.

API MT-1:Designates lubricants intended for non-synchronized manualtransmissions used in buses and heavy-duty trucks.Lubricants meeting API MT-1 provide protection against thecombination of thermal degradation, component wear andoil seal deterioration which is not provided by lubricantsmeeting only the requirements of API GL-4 and GL-5.

API GL-4:Designates the type of service characteristic of spiral-beveland hypoid gears in automotive axles operated undermoderate speeds and loads. These oils may be used inselected manual transmission and transaxle applications.(User should consult axle/transmission manufacturer'sspecific lubricant recommendations). While this servicedesignation is still used commercially to describe lubricants,some test equipment used for performance verification is nolonger available.

API GL-1:Designates the type of service characteristics of manualtransmissions operating under such mild conditions of lowunit pressures and minimum sliding velocities, that untreatedoil may be used satisfactorily. Oxidation and rust inhibitors,defoamers, and pour depressants may be used to improvethe characteristics of lubricants intended for this service.Frictional modifiers and extreme pressure additives shallnot be utilized. Due to speeds and loads involved, untreatedoil without oxidation and rust inhibitor additives is generallynot a satisfactory lubricant for many passenger car manualtransmissions. For some trucks and tractor manualtransmissions, untreated oils may be used successfully. Inall cases, the transmission manufacturer's specific lubricantrecommendations should be followed.

Service Designations Not in Current Use

API GL-6:Designates the type of service characteristic of gearsdesigned with a very high pinion offset. Such designstypically require (gear) score protection in excess of thatprovided by API GL-5 gear oils. A shift to more modest pinionoffsets, coupled with the obsolescence of originalAPI GL-6 test equipment and procedure, has greatlydiminished the commercial need for API GL-6 gear lubricants.

APL GL-3:Designates the type of service characteristic of manualtransmissions and spiral-bevel axles operating under mild tomoderate to severe conditions of speed and load. The serviceconditions require a lubricant having load-carrying capacitiesgreater than those that will satisfy API GL-1 service, but belowthe requirements of lubricants satisfying API GL-4 service.Gear lubricants designated for API GL-3 are not intended forhypoid gear applications.

API GL-2:Designates the type of service characteristic of automotivetype worn-gear axles operating under such conditions of load,temperature and sliding velocities that lubricants satisfactoryfor API GL-1 will not suffice.Products suited for this type of service contain anti wear orvery mild extreme-pressure agents which provide protectionfor worm gears.

Appendix - BAPI Axle and Manual Transmission Lubricant Classifications

42

A wide range of U. S. Military (MIL) Specifications exist for theuse of the U. S. Department of Defense and other Governmentagencies. The approval and maintenance of a MIL - lubricantqualification not only requires manufacture and testing of afixed additive and base oil formulation, but a “ManufacturingFacility Survey” is also required.All U.S. Military specifications are now issued as PerformanceSpecifications designated as MIL-PRF.

MIL-PRF-2104GSAE 10W, 30, 40 & 15W-40APICG-4, CF, CF-2 & Allison C-4Most commercial HDMO's meeting these requirements wouldalso meet API SJ.

MIL-L-2104F (Superseded February1997)Obsolete specification for crankcase oils intended for spark-ignition and compression-ignition engines used in all typesof military combat/tactical ground equipment and for powertransmissions, hydraulic systems and non-hypoid gear unitsof engineering and construction equipment and materialhandling equipment.Oils of this specification met API Service ClassificationCD-II, and testing in spark-ignition engine tests suggests agasoline engine performance in the area of API SF. Thespecification covered SAE 10W-30, 40 & 15W-40 viscositygrades.

MIL-L-2104E (Superseded March 1992)Approximate equivalent of API Service Classification CD-II indiesel engine performance, while testing in spark-ignitionengine tests suggests a petrol engine performance in the areaof API SF.

MIL-L-2104D (Superseded August 1988)Appropriate equivalent of API Service Classification CD withgasoline engine performance which fell between API SD andSE. Passing performance in DDA 6V-53T, Caterpillar TO-2and Allison C-3 tests also required.

MIL-L-2104C (Superseded April 1983)Approximate equivalent of API Service Classification CD/SD.

MIL-L-2104B (Superseded November 1970)Required performance in the 1-H, L-38 and LTD engine tests

Prior to MIL-L2104A, several Military Ordnance and U.S.Army Specifications were in place. Details are as follows:

MIL-O-2014 (ORD) - issued August 1950, Superseded byMIL-L-2104A, February 1954.

U.S. Army 2-104B - issued May 1943, Superseded byMIL-O-2104 (ORD), August 1954.

Supplement 1 applied to U.S. Army 2-104B but was neverwritten into the specification itself. This “Qualified ProductsList” (QPL) listed oils which were tested against higher sulfurfuel.

Supplement 2 applied to U.S. Army 2-104B but was neverwritten into the specification itself. This OPL listed oils whichwere also approved under Caterpillar Superior Lubricants(Series 2).

U.S. Army 2-104A and 2-104 were issued between 1941 and1943, and were superseded by U.S. Army 2-104B, May 1943.

Note: U.S. Army 2-104B, Supplement 1 was a higherperformance level than the subsequent MIL-O-2104 (ORD)and MIL-L-2104A Specifications and “Supplement 1” becamean accepted industry guideline until the issue of MIL-L-2104Bin December 1964.

MIL-PRF-2105E:Current specification for multipurpose gear oil intended forautomotive gear units, heavy-duty industrial type enclosedgear units, steering gears and fluid lubricated universal jointsof automotive equipment. The specification covers SAE75W, 80W90 and 85W-140 viscosity grades and the use ofre-refined base oil is allowed. Gear Lubricants covered bythis specification meet API Service Classifications GL-5 andMT-1.

Appendix - CU.S. Military Specifications

43

The American Automobile Manufacturers Association (AAMA) and the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA),through an organization called the International Lubricant Standardization and Approval Committee (ILSAC), jointly developedand approved a “Minimum Performance Standard for Passenger Car Motor Oils”. The standard known as ILSAC GF-1 was issuedin October 1990 and revised in October 1992. An upgraded standard known as ILSAC GF-2 was commercially released in October1996. The latest standard ILSAC GF-3 was introduced in 2001.

Engine Oils meeting ILSAC GF-3 may be licensed to be labeled using the ILSAC “Star bust” certification mark on packaging.

ILSAC GF-3:Comprises all of the requirements of API Service Category SL.

ILSAC GF-2:Comprises all of the requirements of API Service Category SJ plus bench tests for high temperature/high shear viscosity,volatility, filterability, foaming, flash point, shear stability, high temperature deposits and phosphorus content. As well ILSACGF-2 requires and Energy Conserving Rating from the Sequence VIA test.

ILSAC GF-1:Comprises all of the requirements of API Service Category SH plus bench tests for volatility, filterability, foaming, flash point,high temperature/high shear viscosity, shear stability and phosphorus content. As well ILSAC GF-1 requires a minimum of2.7% fuel economy in the Sequence VI test and is restricted to oils which meet the low temperature viscosity grade 0W, 5Wand 10W.

The ILSAC “Star bust” may no longer be used on packaging of GL-1 oils.

Appendix - DILSAC Engine Service Classifications

44

The Japanese Automobile Standards Organization (JASO) has formalized categories for heavy duty diesel engine oils and motorcycle oil.

Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Oil

JASO DH-1:

This category was introduced in 2000 to define the specific lubricant requirements of Japanese HD diesel Engines in both thedomestic and export markets.It is characterized by relatively mild requirements for soot-related viscosity increase, but combines moderately severe oxidationstability requirements with severe piston deposit control and valve train wear requirements in engines of Japanese design. Itrequires relatively high levels of detergency and alkalinity reserve (base number).

JASO DH-2:

This category is in guideline form and is planned for introduction in 2005.

Its performance requirement is similar to JASO DH-1, but it imposes significant restrictions in terms of phosphorus sulfur andmetal contents. It is intended for HD diesel engines meeting requirements for very low particulate emissions and using exhaustclean-up devices.

JASO DL-1:

Similar to DH-2, but designed for very low particulate light duty diesel engines.

JASO 4T Motorcycle Engine Oil Specification (JASO T903):

Engine Performance:API SE, SF, SG, SH, SJILSAC GF1, GF2ACEA A1, A2, A3CCMC G4, G5

Physical Properties:Sulfated Ash 1.2% Max.Noack Volatility 20% Max.Foam, SeqI/II/III 10/0, 50/0, 10/0 Max.Shear Stability 9mm2/s Min. (SAE XW-30)

12mm2/s Min. (SAE XW-40)15mm2/s Min. (SAE XW-50)

HTHS Viscosity 2.9mPa.s Min.

Friction Performance: Higher Friction Lower FrictionStatic Friction Index 1.15 Min. 1.15 Min.

Dynamic Friction Index 1.45 Min. 1.45 Min.Stop Time Index 1.55 Min. 1.55 Min.

Appendix - EJASO Engine Service Classifications

45

The Engine Manufacturers Association (EMA) in the United States recognizes the engine performance classification systemsof other organizations, such as API and ACEA/CCMC. They also define categories for the classification of engine oil for spark-ignited natural gas engines and comment on the operation of natural gas (and other gaseous-fueled) engines.

Spark-Ignited (Natural Gas) Engine Oil Specifications

JASO DH-1:

Gaseous-fuelled engines require oils formulated with an additive system specific to these engines. Since no industry standardsare available to define performance leves, field test evaluation must be used. The sulfated ash level of an oil is used as an industryguideline as to various categories, but certainly ash alone will not define the performance level of an oil. These ash categoriesare defined by the EMA as:

Category % Sulfated AshAsh less Less than 0.1%Low Ash 0.1 to 0.5%

Medium Ash 0.5 to 1.5%High Ash Greater than 1.5%

Constrains other than sulfated ash may be placed on the oils depending on individual engine manufacturers and the type ofengine operation and environmental controls. The use of exhaust catalysts may impose limitations on the use of base metalsand other elements such as Zinc, Sulfur and phosphorus in the oil formulation.

The use of other gaseous fuels such as sour gas or landfill gas, etc., has increasing interest today. The increased hydrogensulfide (H2S) and total organic halides (chlorine) create additional problems for the engine and lubricating oils. The best approachto this problem would be to remove these corrosives from the fuel before they reach the engine. If the fuel is not treated, higherbase number (BN) engine oil, used oil analysis, reduced oil-change periods and increased jacket water temperatures are necessary.But engine life is usually sacrificed, even with all these additional requirements.

Appendix - FEMA Engine Oil Classifications

46

Appendix - GANSI/AGMA 9005 - D 94

American National Standard - Industrial Gear LubricationThis standard provides lubricant classifications and generalized application and servicing guidelines for industrial gearing whichhas been designed and rated in accordance with applicable American Gear Manufacturers Association (AGMA) Standards.

Notes:1. Per ISO 3448, Industrial Liquid Lubricants - ISO Viscosity Classification.2. Extreme Pressure Lubricants should be used only when recommended by the gear manufacturer.3. Synthetic Gear Oil 9S to 13S are available but not yet in wide use.4. Oils marked Comp are compounded with 3% to 10% fatty or synthetic fatty oils.5. Viscosities of AGMA Lubricant No. 13 and above are specified at 100°C as measurement of viscosities of these heavy

lubricants at 40°C would not be practical.6. Residual compounds - diluents type, commonly known as solvent cutbacks, are heavy oils containing a volatile, non-

flammable diluents for ease of application. The diluents evaporate, leaving a thick film of lubricant on the gear teeth.Viscosities listed are for the base compound without diluents.

Caution:These lubricants may require special handling and storage procedures. Diluents can be toxic or irritating to the skin. Do notuse these lubricants without proper ventilation.

Rust & OxidationInhibited Gear Oil

AGMA Lubricant No.

0123456

7, 7 Comp (4)8, 8 Comp (4)8A Comp (4)

910111213

Viscosity Range(1)

mm2/s @40°C

28.8 to 35.241.4 to 50.661.2 to 74.8

90 to 110136 to 165198 to 242288 to 352414 to 506612 to 748

900 to 11001350 to 16502880 to 35204140 to 50606120 to 7480

190 to 220 mm2/s@ 100°C (5)

EquivalentISO Grade

(1)

324668

100150220320460680

10001500

----

EP GearLubricants (2)

AGMA Lubricant No.

2EP3EP4EP5EP6EP7EP8EP

8AEP9EP

10EP11EP12EP13EP

SyntheticGear Oils (3)

AGMA Lubricant No.

0S1S2S3S4S5S6S7S8S-

9S10S11S12S13S

Residual Compound (6), AGMA Viscosity Range (5), mm2/sLubricant No. @ 100°C

14R 428.5 to 857.015R 857.0 to 1714.0

47

Appendix - H

SAE ViscosityGrade

0W5W

10W15W20W25W

203040405060

Low-TempCranking

Viscosity max.Cp @ °C

6200 at -356600 at -307000 at -25 7000 at -209500 at -15

13000 at -10------

Low-Temp PumpingViscosity, max

(no yield stress Cp@°C

60000 at -4060000 at -3560000 at -3060000 at -2560000 at -2060000 at -15

------

Low-ShearRate Viscosity

Kinematic cSt @ 100°C

3.8 -3.8 -4.1 -5.6 -5.6 -9.3 -5.6 < 9.39.3 < 12.512.5 < 16.312.5 < 16.316.3 < 21.921.9 < 26.1

High-Shear-RateViscosity (cP)

at 150°CMin.

------

2.62.9

2.9 (1)3.7 (2)

3.73.7

SAE VISCOSITY GRADES for ENGINE OILS(SAE J300 JULY 01)

Min. Max.

1 cSt = 1mm2/s1cP = 1mPa.s

SAE 0W-40, 5W-40 & 10W-40 SAE 15W-40, 20W-40, 25W-40 & 40 Grades

SAE ViscosityGrade

70W75W80W85W

808590

140250

MaximumTemperature for

Viscosity of150000Cp,°C

-55-40-26-12

-----

Kinematic Viscosityat 100°C,

cSt Minimum

4.14.17.0

11.07.0

11.013.524.041.0

Kinematic Viscosityat 100°C,

cSt Maximum

----

< 11.0< 13.5< 24.0< 41.0

-

SAE AXLE and MANUAL TRANSMISSION LUBRICANTVISCOSITY CLASSIFICATION (SAE J306 JUL 98)

1. Cp = 1mPa.s; 1cSt = 1mm2/s2. Using ASTM D 29833. Additional low-temperature viscosity requirements may be appropriate for fluids intended for use in light-duty

synchronized manual transmissions4. Using ASTM D 4455. Limit must also be met after testing in CEC L-45-T-93

Appendix - I

48

Viscosity SystemGrade Identification

ISO VG 2ISO VG 3ISO VG 5ISO VG 7ISO VG 10ISO VG 15ISO VG 22ISO VG 32ISO VG 46ISO VG 68ISO VG 100ISO VG 150ISO VG 220ISO VG 320ISO VG 460ISO VG 680ISO VG 1000ISO VG 1500

Mid Pont ViscositycSt (mm2/s) at 40oC

2.23.24.66.8101522324668

100150220320460680

10001500

ISO VISCOSITY SYSTEM FOR INDUSTRIAL LUBRICANTS

Kinematic Pont LimitscSt (mm2/s) at 40oC

1.982.884.146.129.0013.519.828.841.461.290.0

135.0198.0288.0414.0612.0900.0

1350.0

2.423.525.067.4811.016.524.235.250.674.8

110.0165.0242.0352.0506.0748.0

1100.01650.0

Minimum Maximum

NLGI Number

00000012

ASTM D 217 WorkedPenetration at 77oF (25oC)

445 – 475400 – 430355 – 385310 – 340265 – 295

NLGI LUBRICATING GREASE CLASSIFICATIONS

NLGI Number

3456

ASTM D 217 WorkedPenetration at 77oF (25oC)

220 – 250175 – 205130 – 16085 – 115

Appendix - J

49

850

775

700

625

510

500

450

400

385

315

280

240

205

175

140

115

85

60

40

20

10

42

40

38

36

34

32

30

28

26

24

22

20

18

16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

cSt @

40

oC

cSt @

10

0oC

CommonBase of

Nomenclature

SAEViscosity

No.

SAEGear

Viscosity

AGMALubricant

No.

ISOVG

463222

68

100

150

320

460

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

75W

80W

85W

90W

140W

10W5W

20

30

40

50

100N

200N

300N

500N

650N

150Bs

220

Appendix - K

50

Quantity

Length

Mass

Time

Electric current

Thermodynamictemperature*

Luminousintensity

Amount ofsubstance

Plane

Solid

Name of Unit

Meter

Kilogram

Seconds

Ampere

Kelvin

Candela

Mole

Radian

Steradian

BASIC SI UNITS

M

Kg

S

A

K

cd

Mol

rad

sr

Unit Symbol

*use is also made of Celsius temperature, C temperature oC = K-273.15

Angle

Angle

atm

bar

lbf/inch2

inches of H2O (4oC)

inches of Hg (0oC)

mm of Hg (0oC)

lb/ft2

kPa (Kilopascals)

kPa

kPa

kPa

kPa

kPa

Pa

101.3

100.0

6.895

0.249

3.386

0.1333

47.88

Pressure

lb/f (Pount force) N (Newton) 4.448

Force

lb/ft3

lb/US gallon

Kg/m3

Kg/m3

16.02

119.80

Density

Appendix - L

51

Ton (Long)

Ton (Short)

1 lb (Pound)

Oz (ounce)

ton

ton

kg (kilogram)

g (gram)

1.016

0.9072

0.4536

28.35

Mass

Cubic Yard

Cubic feet

Cubic inches

Barrel

Gallon (Imperial)

Gallon (US)

m3

m3

cm3

Liter

Liter

Liter

0.7646

0.02832

16.387

158.99

4.546

3.785

Volume

Sq miles

Sq yards

Sq feet

Sq inches

km2

m2

m2

cm2

2.590

0.8361

0.0929

6.4516

Area

Miles

Yards

Feet

Inches

Km (kilometer)

m (meter)

m (meter)

cm (centimeter)

1.609

0.9144

0.3048

2.540

Length

Conversion factors. Exact values are printed in bold type unit symbol.

To convert To Multiply by

Centistokes (cSt) mm2/S 10–6

Viscosity (kinematic)

Centpoise (cP) Pa.s (Pascal second) 0.001

Viscosity (dynamic)

Btu/ft.h.oF W/m K 1.731

Thermal Conductivity

kcal/h

Btu/k

W

W

1.162

0.2931

Heat Flow Rate

Btu/lb

Btu/gallon

Cal/ml

kJ/kg (Mass base)

kJ/m3 (Volume base)

J/cm3

2.326

37.26

4.184

Calorific Value

Appendix - L

52

hp (hours power)

hp (metric)

erg/s

ft.lbf/s

Btu/h

kcal/h

W (Watts)

W

W

W

W

W

745.7

735.5

10–7

1.356

0.2931

1.163

Power

erg

ft lbf

hp h

k Wh

therm

Btu

kcal

J (Joule) (Nm)

J

MJ (Mega joules)

MJ

MJ

kJ

kJ

10–7

1.356

2.685

3.6

105.5

1055

4.184

Work, Energy, Heat

ft/s (feet/seconds)

ft/minute

Miles/hours (mph)

Knot (International)

m/s (Metre / Second)

m/s

km/h

lm/h

0.3048

0.00508

1.609

1.852

Velocity

To convert To Multiply by

AAMA American Automobile Manufacturers Association - formerly the MVMA(Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Association) - USA

AAR Association of American RailroadsAGMA American Gear Manufacturers AssociationAHEM Association of Hydraulic Equipment ManufacturersANSI American National Standards InstituteAPI American Petroleum InstituteASME American Society of Mechanical EngineersASTM American Society for Testing and MaterialsATC Technical Committee of Petroleum Additive Manufacturers in EuropeATF Automotive Transmission FluidBMEP Brake Mean Effective PressureBOCL Ball on Cylinder Lubricant Evaluator (ASTM D 5001)BSI British Standards InstitutionBTC British Technical Council of the Motor and Petroleum IndustriesCAFÉ Corporate Average Fuel Economy (USA)CCS Cold Cranking SimulatorCFPP Cold Filter Plugging PointCI Compression Ignition (engine)CMA Chemical Manufacturers Association (USA)CNG Compressed Natural GasCOC Cleveland Open CupCRC Coordinating Research Council (USA)CVT Continuously Variable TransmissionDEO Diesel Engine OilDOT Department of Transport (USA)EMA Engine Manufacturers AssociationEOLCS Engine Oil Licensing and Certification SystemEP Extreme PressureEPA Environmental Protection AgencyERBP Equilibrium Reflex Boiling Point NPRA National Petroleum Refiners Association (USA)PDA Food and Drug AdministrationFMVSS Federal Motor Vehicle Safety StandardsHDDO Heavy Duty Diesel Engine OilHDEO Heavy Duty Engine OilHDEOCP Heavy Duty Engine Oil Classification PanelHTHS High Temperature High Shear Rate ViscosityICP Inductively Coupled PlasmaIDI Indirect Diesel InjectionILMA Independent Lubricant Manufacturers AssociationILSAC International Lubricant Standardization and Approval CommitteeIP The Institute of Petroleum (UK)ISO International Standards OrganizationJAMA Japanese Automobile Manufacturers AssociationJASO Japanese Automobile Standards OrganizationJIS Japan Industry StandardLFG Landfill GasLFGEO Landfill Gas Engine OilLMOA Locomotive Maintenance Officers AssociationLNG Liquefied Natural GasLPG Liquefied Petroleum GasMCL Marine Cylinder LubricantMIL U.S. Military SpecificationsMIRA Motor Industry Research Association (UK)MON Motor Octane NumberMRV Mini Rotary ViscometerMSDS Material Safety Data SheetMSO Marine System Oil

53

Appendix - M

MTAC Multiple Test Acceptance CriteriaMTBE Methyl Tertiary Butyl EtherMVMA Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Association (USA) - now AAMA (American Automobile Manufacturers Association)NCEO Natural Gas Engine OilNLGI National Lubricating Grease Institute OEM Original Equipment ManufactureOPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting CountriesORI Octane Requirement IncreasePAG Polyalkalene Glycol Synthetic Fluid (used in some non-CFC refrigerationPAH Polynuclear Aromatic HydrocarbonPAJ Petroleum Association of JapanPAO PolyalphaolefinPCEOCP Passenger Car Engine Oil ClassificationPCMO Passenger Car MotorPIB PolyisobutylenePPD Pour Point DepressantPT Permanent Type antifreeze CoolantsPTF Powershift Transmission FluidRPVOT Rotary Pressure Vessel Oxidation TestRON Research Octane NumberRVP Reid Vapor PressureSAE Society of Automotive Engineers, IncSHPD Super High Performance Diesel (Oil)SI Spark ignition (engine), or Systeme International d Unites (International System for Units)SSI Shear Stability IndexSTLE Society of Tribologists and Lubrication EngineersSTOU Super Tractor Oil UniversalTAME Tertiary Amyl Methyl EtherTDH Transmission, Differential & HydraulicTHF Tractor Hydraulic FluidTOST Turbine Oil Stability TestTPEO Trunk Piston Engine OilUTTO Universal Tractor Transmission OilVHVI Very High Viscosity IndexVI Viscosity IndexVII Viscosity Index ImproverZDDP Zinc Dialkyl (or diaryl) Dithiophosphate

54

Appendix - M

BYCO Petroleum Pakistan Limited

The Harbour Front, 9th Floor Dolmen CityHC-3, Block 4, Marine Drive, Clifton

Karachi – 75600, Pakistan.UAN: (92 21) 111 222 081Fax: (92 21) 111 888 081

byco booklet

Documents

price sensitive markets

synchronized manual transmissions

heavily loaded conditions

require frequent oil

key propertiesflash point

newer design engines

detergent dispersant additive system

exceptional engine cleanliness