byzantine art: style of art originating out of byzantine empire, rich color, flat, stiff figures...
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Byzantine Art: Style of art originating out of Byzantine Empire, rich color, flat, stiff figures that appear to be floating, big round eyes, gold background
Who do you think this is?
It’s Emperor Justinian! What does this image tell us about relationship between Church/State?
The Great Schism of 1054
Christianity in the Byzantine Empire
• Official religion of the empire
• Church worked closely with gov’t
• Emperor was believed to be Christ’s representative on earth
Remember this guy???
Main Players
• Emperor Leo III – Eastern Empire, 717-741– Byzantine Emperor
• Pope is in Western Empire (also named Leo IX) 1002-1054
• Patriarch = Head of Church in Byzantine Empire
East vs. West…
• What were some of the primary differences:
•Political?•Economic?•Religious?•Cultural?
Continuing the tradition of East vs. West…
Growing Apart
• Geographic distance• Competition
between diocese• Different customs
– Language– Marital status of
priests– Communion bread– Dress– Use of icons
The issue of icons
• Idols or symbols of God’s presence?
• AD 726 – Emperor Leo III bans use of icons– Iconoclasts =
image breakers– Many refuse to
follow, church appeals decision
The real issue?
Let’s get ready to rumble…
• Pope names Charlemagne emperor of Holy Roman Empire (to show he is in charge of politics)
• Patriarch refuses to recognize Pope (why? remember the emperor’s role on earth…)
• Pope has Leo III excommunicated• Patriarch excommunicates the Pope
The Great Schism
• Schism = division or breaking up
• Temporary truce in the 1400s, don’t make peace again until 1964
Roman Catholicism v. Eastern Orthodox
In the West:Centered in RomePriests were
celibateLatin used in
servicesSupported use of
iconsHeaded by PopeBecomes Roman
Catholic Church
In the East:Centered in
ConstantinoplePriests could marryGreek used in
servicesForbid use of iconsHeaded by PatriarchBecomes Eastern
Orthodox Church