c++ programming basics chapter 1 lecture csis 10a
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C++ Programming Basics Chapter 1 Lecture CSIS 10A. Agenda. Hardware Basics The IDE My First Program Its all G(r)eek to me Variables and Declarations Input and Output. ALU. Control. Input. Mouse Keyboard Scanner Hard Disk Floppy Disk Monitor Printer Speakers. Memory. Output. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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C++ Programming BasicsChapter 1 Lecture
CSIS 10A
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Agenda
Hardware Basics The IDE
My First Program
Its all G(r)eek to me
Variables and Declarations
Input and Output
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Anatomy of a Computer
Memory Output
ALU Control Input
MouseKeyboardScanner
Hard DiskFloppy Disk
MonitorPrinterSpeakers
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The CPU uses machine languageAssembly instructions to calculate the radius of a
circle:
LOAD radiusLOAD piMULTIPLYLOAD twoMULTIPLYSTORE circle
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Compilers to the Rescue !
High level languages like C++ allows writing code that is easier to understand and universally works on any CPU.
circle=2.0*radius*pi;
The compiler is what translates instructions from C++ into Machine language.
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Agenda
Hardware Basics
The IDE My First Program
Its all G(r)eek to me
Variables and Declarations
Input and Output
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THE MECHANICS OF WRITING A PROGRAM
1. Editing -- Writing a program 2. Compiling -- Translating from C++ into machine language 3. Linking -- Combining your program with other libraries4. Running – Letting the computer execute a program5. Debugging – Running step by step through a program
searching for mistakes
The Integrated Development Environment (IDE) combines 1-5.
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Agenda
Hardware Basics
The IDE
My First Program
Its all G(r)eek to me
Variables and Declarations
Input and Output
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Hello World !
Lets start off the traditional way
Program that prints out “Hello World” on your output console (your screen)
Lets start off on our journey…..
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Steps
1. Create new source file
2. Write the code
3. Create a workspace (only in MSVC++)
4. Compile
5. Link
6. Execute
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Agenda
Hardware Basics
The IDE
My First Program
Its all G(r)eek to me
Variables and Declarations
Input and Output
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It’s all G(r)eek to me
… actually, its C++
Lets dissect and analyze a simple program
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20,000 ft. above sea level
#include <iostream>using namespace std;
int main(){// This is my first program cout << "Hello World" << endl; system("pause"); return 0;}
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20,000 leagues under the sea
#include <iostream>
Actually includes some information into your code
Contains some definitions that are needed for your code
More of this later on in the course
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22,000 leagues under the sea
using namespace std;
This line refers to a set of standard object name definitions
For now, this is “boilerplate”—stick it in cause it makes everything work!!
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… deeper….
int main()
• This is the piece of code (function) that is operated on first when a program is executed
• What’s a function ???
• …. all that’s coming soon …
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… even deeper….
//This is my first program
• This is a comment you write to yourself
• Useful when writing large programs
• Starts with a //
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… and deeper…..
Output operator
cout << “Hi”<<endl;
cout is the console monitor (your display)
<< is the output operator. Use to chain together your output message.
“Hi”is a string literal
endl means end-line (like enter key)
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… getting sleepy?…..
For the Bloodshed environment…Hold the display open so you can read it (pressing a key will continue) system("pause");
Finish up this program, return a 0 to operating system (everything ended OK)
return 0;
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… and even deeper ….
{} delineates the code block
Each line ends with a ;
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Other types of cout statement
cout<< “ my age is” <<endl << 39<<endl;
cout<< “ my age is 39”;
cout<< “ what’s your’s”;
Escape with \
Output a “ cout<<“ \” ” <<endl;
Output a endl cout<<“\n”;
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Tom’s All Purpose Program Shell#include <iostream>using namespace std;
int main(){// Your code here ...
system("pause"); return 0;}
Future slides may neglect some of the above components for clarity
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You Do ItModify your hello world program to print your name, address and phone number (COULD BE FAKE!) on three lines:
Tom Rebold1600 Pennsylvania Ave123-456-7890
Experiment with line breaks
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Lets get moving…..
We’ll learn as we proceed
You’ll be saying “Aha!” or “Oho!” when you hear these terms again
Let’s play around a bit more
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What more ?
Variables and Declarations
Getting User Input
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Variables and Declarations
Variables represent storage locations in the computer’s memory
variable = expression
Assignment is from right to leftn = 5;
Would give n the value 5
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Using int Variables
int main()
{
int m,n;
m = 44;
cout << “m = “ << m;
n = m + 33;
cout << “ and n = “ << n << endl;
}
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Clearing the haze
int m;
m
int
m = 44.0; 44
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Clearing the haze
int m = 44, n;
44 + 33 = 77
intn
m
int
44
77
n = m + 33;
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Want more ?
Variables and Declarations
Getting User Input
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User Input with cin
How shall I feed in data ?
Remember cout ?
Meet cin
cin >> m;
Will put the value entered through the console (keyboard) into m
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User Input with cin
int main(){cout << "Enter the value of m:";cin >> m;cout << "m = " << m << endl;
}
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User Input with cin
int main(){cout << “Enter the value of m:”;cin >> m;cout << “m = “ << m << endl;
}
HEY THERE’S SOMETHING WRONG
HERE !!!
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User Input with cinint main(){int m;cout << "Enter the value of m:";cin >> m;cout << "m = " << m << endl;
}
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Your turn ()
1. from hello.cpp File>SaveAs age.cpp
2. Delete all the cout statements. Add lines to:
a) Declare a variable called age
b) Display a message asking for data (such as “tell me your age”)c) read the data into age d) display the variable age with a descriptive message. (refer to slide 34)
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That’s a wrap !
What we learned so far:How to write a basic C++ program
The structure of a program
Displaying to the console (cout)
Variables
Getting user input via the console (cin)