c02 henslin9e

This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network;any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network;preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images;preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images;any rental, lease, or lending of the program.any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

A Down-to-Earth Approach 9/eA Down-to-Earth Approach 9/e

Chapter 2:Chapter 2:

CultureCulture

Chapter 2: CultureCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 2

Language, Beliefs, Values, Norms, Language, Beliefs, Values, Norms,

Behavior Passed from One Behavior Passed from One

Generation to the NextGeneration to the Next

Material vs. Nonmaterial CulturesMaterial vs. Nonmaterial Cultures

What is Culture?What is Culture?


What is Normal, Natural, or Usual?What is Normal, Natural, or Usual?

The Culture Within UsThe Culture Within Us

Culture as LensCulture as Lens

Culture ShockCulture Shock

EthnocentrismEthnocentrism

Culture and Taken-for-Granted Orientations

Culture and Taken-for-Granted Orientations


Arrival of the HmongArrival of the Hmong

The Trip OverThe Trip Over

The New HomeThe New Home

The New RulesThe New Rules

Isolation and the RegatheringIsolation and the Regathering

Cultural Diversity in the United States - ExampleCultural Diversity in the United States - Example


Understanding Cultures on Understanding Cultures on

Their Own TermsTheir Own Terms

““Sick Cultures” - Robert EdgertonSick Cultures” - Robert Edgerton

Confronting Contrasting Confronting Contrasting

Views of RealityViews of Reality

Practicing Cultural Relativism

Practicing Cultural Relativism


GesturesGestures

Conveying Messages without WordsConveying Messages without Words

Gestures’ Meaning Differ Gestures’ Meaning Differ

Among CulturesAmong Cultures

Can Lead to MisunderstandingsCan Lead to Misunderstandings

Components of Symbolic Culture



LanguageLanguage Allows Human Experience Allows Human Experience

to be Cumulativeto be Cumulative Provides Social or Shared PastProvides Social or Shared Past Provides Social or Shared FutureProvides Social or Shared Future Allows Shared PerspectiveAllows Shared Perspective Allows Complex, Shared, Allows Complex, Shared,

Goal-Directed BehaviorGoal-Directed Behavior




Language Has Embedded Within It Language Has Embedded Within It

Ways of Looking at the WorldWays of Looking at the World

Sapir-Whorf Reverses Common SenseSapir-Whorf Reverses Common Sense

Language and Perception:

Sapir-Whorf

Language and Perception:

Sapir-Whorf


Values - What is Desirable in LifeValues - What is Desirable in Life Norms - Expectations or Rules Norms - Expectations or Rules

for Behaviorfor Behavior Sanctions - Reaction to Following Sanctions - Reaction to Following

or Breaking Normsor Breaking Norms Positive SanctionsPositive Sanctions Negative SanctionsNegative Sanctions

Moral Holidays and PlacesMoral Holidays and Places

Values, Norms, and Sanctions

Values, Norms, and Sanctions


Folkways - Norms not Folkways - Norms not

Strictly EnforcedStrictly Enforced

Mores - Core Values: We Mores - Core Values: We

Insist on ConformityInsist on Conformity

TaboosTaboos

Folkways and MoresFolkways and Mores


Subculture - A World Within the Subculture - A World Within the

Dominant CultureDominant Culture

Countercultures - Groups With Countercultures - Groups With

Norms and Values at Odds With the Norms and Values at Odds With the

Dominant CultureDominant Culture

Subcultures and CounterculturesSubcultures and Countercultures


Values in U.S. SocietyValues in U.S. Society

Romantic LoveRomantic LoveRomantic LoveRomantic LoveDemocracyDemocracyDemocracyDemocracyScience and Science and TechnologyTechnologyScience and Science and TechnologyTechnology

ReligiosityReligiosityReligiosityReligiosityFreedomFreedomFreedomFreedomEfficiency and Efficiency and PracticalityPracticality

Efficiency and Efficiency and PracticalityPracticality

EducationEducationEducationEducationHumanitarianismHumanitarianismHumanitarianismHumanitarianismActivity and Activity and WorkWork

Activity and Activity and WorkWork

Racism and Racism and Group Group

SuperioritySuperiority

Racism and Racism and Group Group

SuperioritySuperiorityMaterial ComfortMaterial ComfortMaterial ComfortMaterial ComfortIndividualismIndividualismIndividualismIndividualism

EqualityEqualityEqualityEqualityProgressProgressProgressProgressAchievement and Achievement and SuccessSuccess

Achievement and Achievement and SuccessSuccess


Achievement and SuccessAchievement and Success

IndividualismIndividualism

Activity and WorkActivity and Work

Efficiency and PracticalityEfficiency and Practicality

Science and TechnologyScience and Technology



ProgressProgress

Material ComfortMaterial Comfort

HumanitarianismHumanitarianism

FreedomFreedom

DemocracyDemocracy



EqualityEquality

Racism and Group SuperiorityRacism and Group Superiority

EducationEducation

ReligiosityReligiosity

Romantic LoveRomantic Love



Value ClustersValue Clusters

Value ContradictionsValue Contradictions



LeisureLeisure

Self-fulfillmentSelf-fulfillment

Physical FitnessPhysical Fitness

YouthfulnessYouthfulness

Concern for the EnvironmentConcern for the Environment

Emerging ValuesEmerging Values


Culture Wars: When Values ClashCulture Wars: When Values Clash

Value as BlindersValue as Blinders

“ “Ideal” vs. “Real” CultureIdeal” vs. “Real” Culture

Values and CultureValues and Culture


Some Activities are Universal - Some Activities are Universal -

Courtship, Marriage, Funerals, GamesCourtship, Marriage, Funerals, Games

Specific Customs Associated with Specific Customs Associated with

Activities Differ Between GroupsActivities Differ Between Groups

Cultural UniversalsCultural Universals


Controversial View of Human BehaviorControversial View of Human Behavior

Biology Cause of Human BehaviorBiology Cause of Human Behavior

Charles Darwin and Natural SelectionCharles Darwin and Natural Selection

Sociologists and Social Biologists on Sociologists and Social Biologists on

Opposite SidesOpposite Sides

SociobiologySociobiology


The New Technology - New ToolsThe New Technology - New Tools

Cultural Lag and Cultural ChangeCultural Lag and Cultural Change

Technology and Cultural LevelingTechnology and Cultural Leveling

Technology in the Global Village

Technology in the Global Village

A Down-to-Earth Approach 9/eA Down-to-Earth Approach 9/e

Chapter 2:Chapter 2:

CultureCulture

c02 henslin9e

Documents

behavior copyright allyn

society copyright allyn

groups copyright allyn

places copyright allyn

copyright law

technology values

culture wars

emerging values