ca2007 introduction to new media and broadcasting episode 2 history and evolution of broadcast media

CA2007 INTRODUCTION TO NEW MEDIA AND

BROADCASTING

EPISODE 2

HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF BROADCAST MEDIA

OVERVIEW

_ History and evolution of radio, television, and the internet

_ Broadcast standards

1830s1840s1850s1860s1870s1880s1890s1900s1910s1920s1930s1940s1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s

Prior to 1300FIRE, SMOKE, BELLS,TRUMPETS, DRUMS, AND GUNS

1300 to todayFLAGS AND SEMAPHORE

1800Telegraph defined from the Greek... TELE = far GRAPHOS = write


TELEGRAPH1837


TELEGRAPH1837

Samuel Morse

Morse Code

dots-and-dashes


TELEGRAPH1837


Cyrus West Field and the Atlantic Telegraph Company constructed Transatlantic Telegraph Cable

1858

From Ireland to Newfoundland


TELEPHONE1876

Alexander Graham Bell

“Come here, Watson.I need you.”


James Clerk Maxwell publishedtheory of invisible waves (electromagnetic)

18651873


RADIO WAVE

Heinrich Hertz


RADIO WAVE

AMPLITUDEheight of wave

FREQUENCYno. of cycle of wave per second (Hz)


WIRELESS TELEGRAPH1896

Guglielmo Marconi


Voice was the first on the air over radio waves.

1906

Reginald Fessenden


Lee De Forest invented the Audion, an amplifier that boost weak radio waves.

1906


David Sarnoff invented ‘radio music box’.

1915


During World War I1917

- All US Navy ships were equipped with radio.

- US government took control of all radio operations, in the interest of national security.


The Navy suggest GE to buy American Marconi.

1919

Radio Corporation of America (RCA)

- GE and Westinghouse manufacture radio equipment.- RCA sell it.- AT&T build the transmitter.


The world’s first commercial radio stationPittsburgh-based KDKA

1920

AM 1020 kHz


Amplitude Modulation

Frequency Modulation


30-300 kHz Low Frequencies (LF)

Short distance communication

300-3,000 kHz Medium Frequencies (MF)

AM radio

3-30 MHz High Frequencies (HF)

Police radio, amateur radio operator

30-300 MHz Very High Frequencies (VHF)

FM radio, VHF television system

300-3,000 MHz Ultra High Frequencies (UHF)

UHF television system, mobile phone

3,000-30,000 MHz Super High Frequencies (SHF)

Satellite, microwave, military radar


1933 Edwin Armstrong demonstrated FM radio.


Radio Golden Age


Radio Golden Age

TELEVISION


MOTION PICTUREEadweard Muybridge and Leland Stanford

18721877


Willoughby Smith discovered the photoconductivity of the element selenium, providing a method for converting light/images into electrical signals.

1873


Paul Nipkow experimented projecting motion pictures.

1884


Charles Francis Jenkins invented mechanical television: Radiovisor.

1923


John Logie Baird demonstrated broadcasting pictures via his Televisor.

1925


Philo Taylor Farnsworth invented Electronic television.

1927


Paul Nipkow experimented projecting motion pictures.

1884


Vladimir Kozmich Zworykin invented the system that later was developed to color television

1930

NTSCPAL SECAM


NTSC1953 National Television System CommitteeFrame rate: 29.97 (30) fpsFields: 59.94 (60)Lines: 525Resolution (digital conversion): 720x480 pxPixel aspect ratio: 10:11 (0.9)Transmission band: UHF/VHF


PAL1967Phase Alternation by LineFrame rate: 25 fpsFields: 50Lines: 625Resolution (digital conversion): 720x576 pxPixel aspect ratio: 12:11 (1.067)Transmission band: UHF/VHF


SECAM1967Séquentiel couleur à mémoire(Sequential Color with Memory)

Frame rate: 25 fpsFields: 50Lines: 625Resolution (digital conversion): 720x576 pxPixel aspect ratio: 12:11 (1.067)Transmission band: UHF/VHF


DIGITAL TELEVISION

ANALOG


High-Definition TelevisionEither Interlaced or Progressive ScanAspect ratio: 16x9Resolution: 1920x1080 px (1080i or 1080p)1280x720 px (720p)Transmission band: UHF/VHF

DIGITAL TELEVISION

DVB-T Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial

ATSC Advanced Television System Committee

ISDB-T Terrestrial Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting

DTMB Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcasting


DIGITAL TELEVISION

DVB-S The Digital Video Broadcasting - Satellite

DVB-C The Digital Video Broadcasting - Cable

DVB-T The Digital Video Broadcasting - Terrestrial


DIGITAL TELEVISION


THE INTERNETglobal interconnection of computer networks made possible by using communication protocols


Soviet Union launched Sputnik.This event would have a huge impact on U.S. technology, planting the seed for the Internet.

1957


President Dwight D. Eisenhower formed the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)

1958


DARPA’s Bob Taylor built ARPANET, the forerunner of the Internet.

1968


Queen Elizabeth sent her first e-mail message.

1976


1976 USENET brought computer networking to the masses.


Apple Computer introduced the Macintosh computer

1984


The Internet was officially born, when NSFNET replaced aging ARPANET with a faster network providing 30 times more bandwidth.

1986


Internet service providers (ISPs), such as America

Online (AOL), gave consumers access to the Internet.


Digitalization

MEDIA CONVERGENCE

speak digital language


Broadcasting in Thailand


1907 Telegraph was used in Royal Thai Navy activities.


1913 King Rama VI presided over the first telegraph station in Thailand.


1927 First radio broadcasting demonstration in Thailand

Prince Purachatra Jayakara


1930 First official radio broadcasting station in Thailand


1955 First television station, TTV(Channel 4)


1967 First color television station: Channel 7


2014 Thailand switched to Digital Television


Wired telegraph and telephone

Wireless telegraph

AM-FM radio

Modern radio

Mechanical television

Electronic television

Digital television

The birth of the Internet

The rise of the Internet

Web 2.0

Social network

REFERENCES:

Dominick, Joseph R., Messere, Fritz and Barry L. Sherman. Broadcasting, Cable, the Internet, and Beyond, 5th edition. New York: Mcgraw-Hill, 2004.

Hinviman, Somsuk, et. al. Fundamental of Radio and Television, 2nd edition. Bangkok: Thammasat University Press, 2014.

www.apple.comwww.clivemaxfield.comwww.hardwarezone.com.sgwww.journaldunet.comwww.nadcomm.comwww.switched.com/

ca2007 introduction to new media and broadcasting episode 2 history and evolution of broadcast media

Documents

evolution of radio

radio operations

weak radio waves

cycle of wave

new media

atlantic telegraph company

us navy ships

american marconi