cadcam lab manual

CAD/CAM (1MEA07)

INDEX

Sr. No. Practical Exercise

Date

MarksSignature of

FacultyFrom To

1 Introduction to Pro/Engineer wildfire 3.0

2 EXTRUDE feature of Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0

3 REVOLVE feature of Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0

4 SWEEP feature of Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0

5 BLEND feature of Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0

6 Assembly in Pro/Engineer wildfire 3.0

7 Mastercam lathe V7.1

8 Mastercam lathe V7.1

9 Mastercam mill V7.1

10 Mastercam mill V7.1

TOTAL:

EXERCISE NO.–1 Date: ___/___/_____

TITLE: Introduction to Pro/Engineer wildfire 3.0

OBJECTIVES: After completion of this experiment, students will be able to know

Over view of Pro/Engineer wildfire 3.0

Applications of Pro/Engineer wildfire 3.0

Simple 3D object creation using Pro/Engineer wildfire 3.0

Various modes of Pro/Engineer wildfire 3.0

THEORY:

Pro/Engineer is a very powerful tool. You can harness this power to capture the design intent of your models by acquiring an understanding of the fundamental concepts.

Fig: Items in the main window

TOOLBARS:Before starting work on Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0, it is very important for you to understand the default toolbars and buttons in the main window. Figure below shows various screen components in Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0.

DATUM DISPLAY TOOLBAR:Figure below shows the datum toolbar. It has four buttons that are used to control the visibility of datum planes, datum axes and datum points. You can also use this toolbar to control the visibility of the coordinate systems.

FILE TOOLBAR:The file toolbar has six buttons. The buttons in this toolbar are used to save a file, print the current file, open a new file, or open an existing file. The functions of the buttons in this toolbar are shown in figure below.

VIEW TOOLBAR:The view toolbar has ten buttons as shown in figure below. The first button redraw the current view is used for repainting the screen, meaning to remove any temporary information from the drawing area. The second button View mode on/off, when chosen, turns off the visibility of datum and allow you to spin the model using the middle mouse button. The third button toggles the visibility of the spin centre. The fourth and fifth buttons are used to zoom in and zoom out the object.

To make the designing process simple and quick, this software package has divided the steps of designing in to different modules/modes. This means that each step of the designing is completed in a different module. For example, generally a design process consists of the following steps:

• Sketching using basic sketch entities.• Converting the sketch in to features and parts.• Assembling different parts and analyzing them.• Documenting parts and the assembly in terms of drawing views.• Manufacturing the final part and assembly.

All these steps are divided in to different modes of Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0 namely, the Sketch mode, Part mode, Assembly mode, Drawing mode and Manufacturing mode etc.

Fig: The NEW dialog box

Working Directory

A working directory is a directory on your system where you can save the work done in the current session of Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0. You can set any directory existing on your computer.

Fig: The Select Working Directory dialog Box

PRO/ENGINEER: A PARAMETRIC SOLID MODELER

Using the power of pro/Engineer, you can use many tools and techniques to capture the intent of model by incorporating intelligence in to the design.

Because of its parametric nature, you can then modify your design. Pro/Engineer is a solid modeler- it develops model as solids, allowing you to work in three dimensional environments. These models have volume and surface area, so you can calculate mass properties directly from the geometry that you create, to truly appreciate the power of Pro/Engineer as a solid modeling tool, you must acquire an understanding of the following concepts.

• Feature based• Associative• Parametric

FEATURE BASED:

Pro/Engineer is a feature based solid modeling tool- it builds the model using individual building blocks at a time. As you construct your models feature by feature, you choose your building blocks based on your design intent. Designing model in this way is referred to as machinist theory because machinist creates a simple feature on the model at a time, with each manufacturing operation.

A feature is the smallest building block in a pro/Engineer part model. If you build your models with simple features, your parts are more flexible.

ASSOCIATIVE (BIDIRECTIONAL ASSOCIATIVITY):

You can use Pro/Engineer to document model by creating parts, assemblies and drawings. All of these functions are fully associative- if you change a part in an assembly, the system automatically reflects that change in any other part and drawing of that assembly with this functionally, you can change your design at any level and the system reflects it all the levels automatically.

Fig: Model displaying the counterbore holes Fig: Model after making modifications

PARAMETRIC:

The Pro/Engineer system is that is features are interrelated, so modifications of a single feature propagates change in other feature as well, capturing your design intent. You can make changes to the driving dimensions of a model at any time in the design cycle. A relationship between features developed when one feature references another, known as a parent /child relationship.

You can increase the parametric interrelationship between features by adding relations. Relations are mathematical equations that relate dimensions to drive the model.

TYPES OF SKETCHED FEATURES:

To build a Pro/Engineer model, you can add simple features one at a time. While the system recognizes the shape of pick and plane features such as round, you must define the shape of sketched features. The term sketched feature defined by two orientation references-The sketching plane and the horizontal and vertical reference plane.

THE TYPES OF SKETCHED FEATURES:

• Protrusion- adds material to model in any desired shape.• Cuts- remove material from the specified size of an open or closed section of a model.• Slots- remove the area of model that is enclosed by a cross section.

SKETCHING AND REFERENCE PLANES:

The sketching plane is a reference in the model on which you create the sketch. You orient the sketching plane parallel to the screen in the sketcher mode and then acts as the origin, or foundation of the feature.

The reference plane must be perpendicular to the sketching plane.

DEFINING THE ORIENTATION OF THE SKETCHING PLANE:

To define the orientation of the sketching plane, specify the facing direction of the reference plane with respect to the computer screen: top, bottom, right or left.

For example, if you select TOP from the orientation dialog box and select a reference plane, the system faces the reference plane to the top of the computer screen and then orients the sketching plane parallel to the screen.

The system orients the sketching plane so that it is parallel to the screen. If the feature adds material to the model (protrusion), it orients the viewing direction of the sketching plane so that feature grows out of the screen. If the feature removes material from the model (slot or cut), the system orients the sketching plane viewing direction so that the feature grows in to the screen.

SKETCHER BASICS:The sketch, like the model is parametric, so you do not need to create it to the scale. You should create the sketch in a scale that is convent to work with, after you fully define if you modify it to the appropriate scale.

CREATING GEOMETRY:

In sketcher mode, you can create most of the section geometry using three buttons on the mouse.The left mouse button creates circles or ends line creation. The right mouse button creates tangent arcs from an existing line, arc or spline.

Fig: Functions of left and right mouse button

Fig Functions of Middle mouse button in 2D and 3D mode

USING THE BASE FEATURE AND DATUM PLANES:To define a part model, you must create a base feature in order to locate the first solid features for numerous reasons.

THE IMPORTANCE OF BASE FEATURE:A base feature is the first feature that you create when you define a part model. It is the building block or foundation for the rest of the model because feature that you later add to the model actually depend upon the base feature to many or all of their references. The existence of subsequent features depends on the existence of the base feature; the choice of a base feature is a very important step in the creation of any model.

WHAT IS DATUM PLANE?

A datum plane is an infinite, two dimensional, flat references. It does not have any mass or volume.You use datum planes as a reference in your model where one does not already exist. In Pro/Engineer, a datum plane has two sides; a yellow side and a red side. The system displays a datum plane with a border (red, yellow or both, depending on the orientation from which the plane in viewed.) and a text name of DIM1, DIM2, DIM3.

To select a datum plane, you can do any of the following:• Pick the datum border.• Pick the datum plane text.

NOTE: When you orient a datum plane (i.e. top, bottom, left, right, front or back with respect to the computer screen), the yellow side of the datum plane faces in the specified direction. This is an important Pro/Engineer convention for you to remember when orienting your model for specific views and in sketcher mode.

YOU CAN USE DATUM PLANES FOR THE FOLLOWING PURPOSES:• A sketching plane.• As reference planes for sketching.• To dimension references.• To assembly reference.• To create cross-section.• As a reference for mirroring features.• As a reference for missing features.• As orientation reference.

USING DEFAULT DATUM AS THE BASE FEATURE:

Before you add any solids feature to your model, you can create three orthogonal datum planes- default datum planes- as the base feature, but you must create them as the first feature in the model.

DEFAULT DATUM PLANES ARE VERY USEFUL FOR THE FOLLOWING REASONS: • They allow you to develop proper parent/child relationship.• They act as planar surfaces in models.• They provide a solid foundation for your model.

ALIGNING SKETCHED ENTITIES TO THE PART:

You must locate the first solid feature on the model to the default datum planes by dimensioning or aligning them. Alignment is a function that you perform in sketcher mode to locate sketched entities with respect to the part. Some of the sketched entities can be geometry, centerlines, ends of geometry lines, circles and arcs. Some of the part entities can be part surfaces or edges, part vertices, datum planes, axes.

PARENT/CHILD RELATIONSHIPS:

Because solid modeling in Pro/Engineer is a cumulative process, certain feature must be necessity, precede others. When you create a feature, Pro/Engineer references previously defined features to define information such as size, shape, location and orientation. The referenced features become parents to the new feature; thus the relationship between a feature and its references is called a parent/child relationship. These parent/child relationships determine how a feature reacts when other feature in the model change, thus capturing design intent. Using several different methods, you can change a feature’s parents.

CREATING PARENT/CHILD RELATIONSHIP WITH A SKETCHED FEATURE:

Before defining the shape of a feature’s section in the sketcher mode, you specify a sketching plane and reference plane. Both of these become parents of the new feature. A sketching plane is the plane on which you define the feature’s section and begin feature creation. If this surface or datum moves, the feature moves along with it. The reference plane determines the orientation of the section on the sketching plane and the 2-D sketched view in sketcher mode. If the orientation of this plane changes, the orientation of the feature changes as well.

Fig: Example of Parent/Child Relationship

In sketcher mode, you can create parent/child relationship using one of the following methods:

• Using the Concentric option in the Arc or Circle menu, align the centre of the arc or circle that you are creating to the centre of a selected reference, there by defining its location on the sketching plane.

• Using the Use Edge option in the geom. tools menu, create sketched entities; then fully define their size and the location by aligning them to selected external references.

• Using the Offset Edge option in the geom. tools menu, create sketched entities; then fully define their size and location by aligning them to selected external references at a specified offset distance.

• Using the Alignment option in the sketcher menu, align sketched entities with selected external references to define their location on the sketching plane.

• Using the dimension option in the sketcher menu, create dimensions to external features to define the location of the section on the sketching plane.

DEFINING THE DEPTH:

After defining the section in sketcher mode, you can define the depth to create parent/child relationships to the selected external reference.

• Use Thru Until to specify a surface for the section to fully intersect.• Use Up To Point to specify a point.• Use Up To Curve to specify a curve.• Use Up To Surface to specify a surface or datum plane.

CHANGING THE PARENTS OF A FEATURE:

You can modify the parents of a feature by rerouting the feature.

FEATURE REROUTE

Using the REROUTE option in the FEAT menu, you can change the parents of a feature at any time. When rerouting a feature, Pro/ENGINEER highlights its external references one at a time and identifies each reference in the message area. You can either choose Alternate from the REROUTE menu and select a new reference, or choose Same Ref and retain it. When rerouting a feature the system prompts you to roll back the model. If you do so, it does not show you the features that it regenerates after the feature that it reroutes. If you do not roll back the model, the features remain displayed.

NOTE: Pro/Engineer considers references that you use for alignment to be dimensioning references.

FEATURE REDEFINE:

You can also change the parents of a feature by using the Redefine option in the FEAT menu. When you select a feature to redefine, the same Feature dialog box appears that is visible during initial feature creation. However, the optional and required elements listed in the dialog box vary, depending on the type of feature that you are redefining. To make a change, select the elements to redefine; then select Define. Figure shows an example of the dialog box for an extruded protrusion.

Fig: Feature Dialog Box

While you are working on a feature’s section, features created after it temporarily disappear. When you choose the element called Section for a sketched feature, the SECTION menu displays the following option:

• Sketch plane- Prompts you to specify a sketching plane and reference plane before placing you in Sketcher mode. For each, you can select an alternate or retain same reference. If some of the dimensions are not appropriate in the new orientation, the system deletes them and you to use a limited you to create new ones.

• Sketch- Allows you to use Sketcher mode to change the sketched entities, align and unaligned entities, and create and delete dimensions. The system warms you if you try to delete dimension. The system warms you if you try to delete an entity that is referenced by another feature.

• Scheme-Allows you to use a limited form of sketcher mode to change the dimensioning scheme of the section without modifying dimension values or the sketched entities.

You can select and redefine all of the elements listed in the dialog box. Therefore, in addition to being able to change the parents of a feature, you can also change other elements such as direction and material side.

WHEN PARENTS ARE MISSING:

Because Pro/Engineer bases the definition of a feature on its parent, the feature needs its parents in order to exist or regenerate. If the parents are missing the system brings you in to the Resolve environment. Note: While trying to remove a feature from the regeneration process, such as by deleting it, you must also decide what to do with its children if they exist.

ORDER OF FEATURE REGENERATION:

When regenerating a model, Pro/Engineer regenerates feature one at a time, following the order in which they appear in the Model Tree. As you create feature, it adds them to the bottom of the list. However, you can modify the order to reflect your design intent by using the Reorder or Insert Mode options in the FEAT menu.

Using Feature Reorder:

To change the position of a feature in the regeneration process, choose Reorder from the FEAT menu; then pick the first feature to reorder. The system allows you to specify another feature before or after which it should be place the feature to be reordered. In the massage area, te system tells you which feature before and after which you can place the first feature.

Note: You must regenerate a parent feature before you regenerate its children. Therefore, you cannot reorder a parent to be after its children, nor can reorder a child to be before its parents.

Using Feature Insert Mode:

Using the Insert Mode option in the FEAT menu, you can create one or more feature at a selected position in the regeneration process. You can insert feature at any point, except before the feature or after the last feature. When you choose Activate from the INSERT MODE menu

Example of the order of Feature Regeneration:

To create the example shown in fig below, you would create a hole through the cylindrical protrusion before creating the protruded block (the second protrusion), so the hole does not go through it, even if the depth option is Thru All. However, you could reorder the second protrusion to place it before the hole in the Model Tree by using Reorder option. Since the second protrusion would exist when the system regenerates the hole, the hole passes through the second protrusion. You could also obtain the same final result by inserting the protrusion before the hole.

Assignment

1) List any five modules of Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0 and explain any one of it.2) What is a model tree?3) What is a Datum planes?4) With simple sketch explain Bidirectional associative property of Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0.

EVALUATION:

Assignment(04)

Knowledge gain(04)

Total(08)

Date: ____/____/_________ Signature of Faculty_______________


TITLE: EXTRUDE feature of Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0

OBJECTIVES: After completion of this experiment, students will be able to

1) Create 3-D model using EXTRUDE feature

2) Create hole using EXTRUDE feature

THEORY:

Creating a Protrusion• Protrusion is defined as the process of adding material defined by a sketched section. In

Pro/ENGINEER, there are various options of adding material such as Extrude, Revolve, Sweep, and so on. These options can be selected from the Insert menu in the menu bar.

Feature Icons:

To access the Extrude tool, click on the Base Features toolbar or click Insert > Extrude.

About the Extruded FeatureExtrusion is a method of defining three-dimensional geometry by projecting a two-dimensional section at a specified distance normal to the sketching plane.

Use the Extrude tool as one of the basic creation methods that allows you to create a solid or surface, and to add or remove material.

You can create the following extrusion types with the Extrude tool:

• Protrusion—Solid, Thickened

• Cut—Solid, Thickened

• Extruded surface

• Surface trim—Regular, Thickened

Dialog BarThe dialog bar consists of the following elements:

Common Extrusion options

• —Creates a solid.

• —Creates a surface.

• Depth options— constrains the depth of the feature.

• Depth box and Reference collector—Specifies a depth value for the extrusion that is controlled by the depth dimension. If a depth reference is required, the text box acts as a collector and lists the reference summary.

• —Flips the direction of feature creation with respect to the sketching plane.

Options used for creating a cut

• —Creates a cut using the extruded volume.

• —Changes the side to be removed when creating a cut.

Options used with the Thicken Sketch option

• —Creates a feature by assigning a thickness to the section outline.

• —Changes the side where a thickness is added, or adds a thickness to both sides.

• Thickness box— specifies a thickness value to apply to the section outline.

Options used for creating a Surface Trim

• —Trims a surface using a projected section.

• —Changes the side of the quilt to be removed, or keeps both sides.

• Quilt collector— If both sides of the quilt are kept, specifies the side to retain the quilt id of the original quilt.

EXERCISE:

Create the 3-D model for the drawing given behind.

EVALUATION:

Exercise(04)

Knowledge gain(04)

Total(08)



TITLE: REVOLVE feature of Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0

OBJECTIVES: After completion of this experiment, student will be able to

1) Know the use of revolve feature.

2) Create 3-D model using revolve feature.

Feature Icon

To access the Revolve tool, click on the Base Features toolbar, or click Insert > Revolve.

About the Revolved Feature

The Revolve tool creates a feature by revolving a sketched section around a centerline. Use the Revolve tool as one of the basic creation methods that allows you to create a revolved geometry as a solid or surface, and to add or remove material.

You can create different types of revolved feature with the Revolve tool:

• Revolved protrusion—Solid, Thickened

• Revolved cut—Solid, Thickened

• Revolved surface

• Revolved surface trim—Regular, Thickened

Dialog Bar

The dialog bar consists of the following elements:

Common Revolve options

• —Creates a solid feature.

• —Creates a surface feature.

• Angle options—Lists options to constrain the angle of revolution for the feature. Choose one

of these options: Variable, Symmetric, or To Selected.

• Angle box/Reference collector—Specifies an angle value for the revolved feature. If a reference is required, the text box acts as a collector and lists the reference summary.

• —Flips the direction of feature creation with respect to the sketching plane.

Options used for creating a cut

• —Creates a cut using the revolved feature volume.

• —Changes the side to be removed when creating a cut.

Options used with the Thicken Sketch option

• —Creates a feature by assigning a thickness to the section outline.

• —Changes the side where a thickness is added or adds a thickness to both sides.

• Thickness box—specifies a thickness value to apply to the section outline.

Options used for creating a Revolved Surface Trim

• —Trims a surface using a revolved section.

• —Changes the side of the quilt to be removed, or keeps both sides.

• Quilt collector—If both sides of the quilt are kept, select the side to retain the quilt id of the original quilt.

EXERCISE:

Create the 3-D model for the drawing given behind (Fig. 3.1)

EVALUATION:

Exercise(04)

Knowledge gain(04)

Total(08)


Figure: 3.1


TITLE: SWEEP feature of Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0


1) Know the use of sweep feature.

2) Create 3-D model using sweep feature.

THEORY:

Feature Icon

To access the Variable Section Sweep tool, click in the Feature toolbar or click Insert > Variable Section Sweep.

Dialog BarThe Variable Section Sweep dialog bar consists of the following elements:

Solid—Sweep as solid.

Surface—Sweep as a surface.

Open the internal section sketcher to create or edit sweep section.

Solid or Surface Cut.

Thin Protrusion, Thin Solid or Surface Cut.

Change the direction of the operation to add or remove material.

Most recently used value box—Type or select a thickness value.

Trim quilt box—Contains quilt references you selected to be trimmed.

About the Variable Section Sweep FeatureWith the Variable Section Sweep feature, you can create a solid or surface feature. You add or remove material while sweeping a section along one or more selected trajectories by controlling the section’s orientation, rotation, and geometry. You can create a sweep using a constant section or a variable section.

• Variable Section— constrains the sketch entities to other trajectories (pivot plane or existing geometry) or use section relations with the “trajpar” parameter to make the sketch variable. The references to which the sketch is constrained changes the shape of the section. Also, defining the dimensioning scheme by a graph or relations (with trajpar) makes the sketch variable. Sketch regenerates at points along the trajectory and updates its shape accordingly.

• Constant Section—Sketch does not change its shape as its being swept along the trajectories. Only orientation of the frame on which the section lays changes.

EXERCISE: Create the 3-D model for the drawing given below.

EVALUATION:Exercise

(04)Knowledge gain

(04)Total(08)



TITLE: BLEND feature of Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0


1) Know the use of blend feature.

2) Create 3-D model using blend feature.

THEORY:

Boundary Blend Command:

Feature Icon

To access the Boundary Blend tool, click in the Base Features toolbar or click Insert > Boundary Blend.

Dialog BarThe Boundary Blend dialog bar contains two collectors. The two collectors indicate selected curve chain references to add, remove, or redefine. The two collectors correspond to the first-direction curves and second-direction cross curves. Click in the collector to activate and collect curves for that direction or use the corresponding shortcut menu.

About the Boundary Blend FeatureWith the Boundary Blend tool, you can create a boundary blended feature between reference entities that defines the surface in one or two directions. The first and last entities selected in each direction define the surface boundary. Adding more reference entities, such as control points and boundary conditions, allow you to more fully define the surface shape.

The rules for selecting reference entities are as follows:

• Curves, part edges, datum points, and ends of curves or edges can be used as reference entities.

• In each direction, reference entities must be selected in consecutive order. However, reference entities can be reordered.

EXERCISE: Create the 3-D model for the drawing given behind.

EVALUATION:Exercise

(04)Knowledge gain

(04)Total(08)


EXPERIMENT NO.–6 Date: ___/___/_____

TITLE: Assembly in Pro/Engineer wildfire 3.0


Assemble various parts of shock assembly and pedestal bearing assembly.

THEORY:

About Creating an AssemblyTo create a subassembly or an assembly, you must first create datum features or a base component. You can then create or assemble additional components to the existing components and datum features

Assembling ComponentsYou can add components to an assembly in the following ways:

• Assemble a component parametrically by specifying its position relative to the base component or other components and/or datum features in the assembly.

• Assemble components manually or automatically using predefined component interfaces. Refer to About Automatic Placement of Components for more information.

• Assemble a component nonparametrically using the Package command in the Insert > Component menu. Use packaging as a temporary means to include the component in the assembly; then finalize its location with assembly instructions.

•Create a part or subassembly directly in Assembly.

•You can remove a component from an assembly by deleting it or replacing it with another component. In addition, you can also redefine the placement constraints for assembled components.

•To place a base component or feature, you must either create three orthogonal datum planes as the first feature, assemble an existing component (part, subassembly, or skeleton model), or create a base component.

Placement Constraints:

Assembly Constraints are also known as Placement constraints. They are available in the Component Placement.

They are as follows:Automatic: Select axis of two components to assemble, and then apply the Align constraint will be apply to two components.

Mate: Mate placement allows making two selected planes, datum planes, faces or a combination of a datum plane and a face coplanar with respect to each other. Mate constraint is used in combination.

Mate offset: If you need to keep two faces or planes at some distance apart, then you can use the Mate constraint with offset value.

Mate coincident:It allows you to make two selected planes or faces coplanar to each other.

Mate oriented:It is used when you want to mate two faces or planes or a combination of the two and at the same time you want to orient some other faces or planes of the two components to face in the same direction.

Align:It is used to assemble two components by making the selected faces or planes coplanar such that the aligned faces or planes are facing in the same direction. Datum axes, datum points, edges or vertices can be selected to apply align constraints.

Insert:It is used to assemble the revolved components. Applying this constraint allows the revolved component, holes or combination of both to share the same orientation of central axis.

EXERCISE: Create the 3-D model for the drawing given behind and assemble all the parts.

EVALUATION:Exercise

(04)Knowledge gain

(04)Total(08)



TITLE: Mastercam lathe V7.1


Prepare the given component on Mastercam lathe.Simulate the tool path for the given component on Mastercam lathe.Generate part programming using post processor.

EXERCISE: To Prepare, simulate and generate part programming for the component given below.

EVALUATION:Exercise

(04)Knowledge gain

(04)Total(08)



TITLE: Mastercam lathe V7.1


Prepare the given component on Mastercam lathe.Simulate the tool path for the given component on Mastercam lathe.Generate part programming using post processor.


EVALUATION:Exercise

(04)Knowledge gain

(04)Total(08)



TITLE: Mastercam Mill V7.1


Prepare the given component on Mastercam mill.Simulate the tool path for the given component on Mastercam mill.Generate part programming using post processor.


EVALUATION:Exercise

(04)Knowledge gain

(04)Total(08)



TITLE: Pro-Engineering Commands – Hole , round tool


Create part drawing using hole and round tool command

Hole Command:

Feature Icon The Hole tool uses the following icon:

• —Indicates a Hole feature in the Model Tree and it is displayed on the dashboard to indicate that the Hole tool is open. This icon identifies the Hole tool on the Insert menu and on the Feature toolbar.

About the Hole FeatureThe Hole tool enables you to add simple, custom, and industry-standard holes to your models. You add holes by defining a placement reference, setting secondary (offset) references, and defining the specific characteristics of the hole..

You can create the following hole types:

•Straight—Consists of a revolved cut with a rectangular section. You can create the following Straight holes types:

o Simple—Uses (straight) geometry predefined by Pro/ENGINEER. By default, Pro/ENGINEER creates 1-sided Simple holes. However, you can create 2-sided Simple Straight holes by using the Shape slide-up panel. 2-sided Simple holes are typically used in assemblies and enable you to simultaneously format both hole sides.

o Sketched—Uses a sketch profile that you create in Sketcher.

•Standard—Consists of an extruded cut based on industry-standard fastener tables. Pro/ENGINEER provides industry-standard hole charts and tapped or clearance diameters for the selected fastener. You can also create your own hole charts. Note that thread notes are automatically created for Standard holes.

Round Tool Command:Feature IconThe Round tool displays the following icons:

• —Indicates a round feature in the Model Tree and it is displayed in the dashboard to indicate that the Round tool is open. This icon also identifies the Round tool on the Insert menu and on the Feature toolbar.

About the Round FeaturePro/ENGINEER enables you to create and modify rounds. Rounds are a type of edge treatment feature in which a radius is added to an edge or edges, an edge chain, or between surfaces. Surfaces can be solid model surfaces or traditional Pro/ENGINEER zero-thickness quilts and surfaces.

To create rounds, you define one or more round sets. A round set is an organizational unit containing one or more round pieces (round geometry). After you specify round placement references, Pro/ENGINEER uses default attributes, radius values, and default transitions that best fit the referenced geometry to create the round. Pro/ENGINEER displays preview geometry of the round in the graphics window enabling you to create and modify both round pieces and transitions before feature creation. Note that the default settings accommodate most modeling cases. However, you can define the round sets or transitions to achieve the preferred round geometry.

EXERCISE:Apply the Hole and round tool command and generate holes in the given mould plates.

EVALUATION:

Participation Drawing Total40 60 100

Date:____/____/_________ Signature of Faculty_______________


TITLE: Pro-Engineering Commands – shell, chamfer


Create part drawing using shell and chamfer command

THEORY:

Shell Command:Feature Icon

To access the Shell tool, click on the Engineering Features or click Insert > Shell.

About the Shell FeatureThe Shell feature hollows out the inside of the solid, leaving a shell of a specified wall thickness. It lets you specify a surface or surfaces that you want to remove from the shell. If you do not select a surface to remove, a "closed" shell is created, with the whole inside of the part hollowed out and no access to the hollow. In this case, you can later add the necessary cuts or holes to achieve proper geometry.

If you flip the thickness side (for example, by entering a negative value, or by clicking on the dialog bar), the shell thickness is added to the outside of the part.

When defining a shell, you can also select surfaces where you want to assign a different thickness. You can specify independent thickness values for each such surface. However, you cannot enter negative thickness values, or flip the thickness side, for these surfaces. The thickness side is determined by the default thickness of the shell.

You can also exclude one or more surfaces from being shelled by specifying the surfaces in the Exclude Surface collector. This process is called partial shelling. To exclude more than one surface, hold down the CTRL key while selecting the surfaces. However, Pro/ENGINEER cannot shell material that is normal to the surfaces specified in the Exclude Surface collector.

When Pro/ENGINEER makes the shell, all the features that were added to the solid before you created the Shell feature are hollowed out. Therefore, the order of feature creation is very important when you use Shell (see example).

To access the Shell feature user interface, click in the Engineering Features toolbar, or click Insert > Shell.

Chamfer Tool Command:Feature IconThe Chamfer tool uses the following icon:

• —Indicates a chamfer feature in the Model Tree and is displayed in the dashboard to indicate that the Chamfer tool is open. This icon also identifies the Chamfer tool on the Insert menu and on the Feature toolbar.

About the Chamfer FeaturePro/ENGINEER enables you to create and modify chamfers. Chamfers are a type of feature where an edge or corner is beveled. Surfaces can be solid model surfaces or traditional Pro/ENGINEER zero-thickness quilts and surfaces. You can create two types of chamfers: corner chamfers and edge chamfers.

Corner ChamfersYou create corner chamfers using the CHAMFER dialog box (Insert > Chamfer > Corner Chamfer) to define edge references and distance values for the corner chamfer. Refer to Chamfer Types and References under See Also for more information.

Note: Because corner chamfer creation is a simple procedure, the chamfer documentation addresses edge chamfers and refers to them as chamfers.

Edge ChamfersYou can create edge chamfers using the Chamfer tool. To create edge chamfers, you define one or more chamfer sets. A chamfer set is an organizational unit containing one or more chamfer pieces (chamfer geometry). After you specify chamfer placement references, Pro/ENGINEER uses default attributes, distance values, and default transitions that best fit the referenced geometry to create the chamfer. Pro/ENGINEER displays preview geometry of the chamfer in the graphics window, enabling you to create and modify both chamfer pieces and transitions before feature creation. Note that the default settings accommodate most modeling cases. However, you can define the chamfer sets or transitions to achieve the preferred chamfer geometry.

EXERCISE:Apply the Shell and chamfer command and generate holes in the given mould plates.

EVALUATION:




TITLE: Pro-Engineering Commands – Pattern, Mirror


Create part drawing using pattern and mirror command.

THEORY:

Pattern Command:Feature Icon

Patterns are identified by the icon in the Edit Features toolbar and by the icon in the model tree.

About the Pattern FeatureWhen you create a pattern, you create instances of the selected feature by varying some specified dimensions. When you pattern a feature, the result is a feature pattern. When you pattern this feature pattern, the result is a feature pattern. You cannot pattern either a group pattern or a feature pattern.

The feature or feature pattern selected for patterning is called the pattern leader. After you pattern the selected feature or feature pattern, the pattern leader that you selected is the pattern header while the instances are pattern members. To copy, mirror, and move patterns, you must select the pattern header instead of the pattern members. You can mirror transform patterns such as direction, axis, or fill patterns, and curve patterns but you cannot mirror group patterns or a pattern of a pattern. The Mirror and Copy tools are not available if you select the pattern members instead of the pattern header. You can also apply move or rotational transformations to curve patterns and transform patterns.

Pro/ENGINEER allows you to pattern a single feature only. To pattern several features, create a "local group" and pattern this group. After you create this group pattern, you can ungroup the instances to modify them individually.

When a feature pattern is a dimension pattern or a table pattern, you can use Unpattern on the shortcut menu to modify the pattern members individually. When you unpattern a feature pattern, the result is a set of feature patterns.

If you delete a feature pattern , then the result is a feature pattern

Mirror Tool Command:Feature IconAll Mirrored features are represented in the Model Tree by . Additionally, the Mirror tool is

represented by in the Edit Features toolbar.

About The Mirror ToolThe Mirror tool enables you to create copies of features and geometry that are mirrored about a planar surface. You can use this tool to save time by mirroring simple parts into more complex designs. In addition to part geometry, the Mirror tool allows you to copy surfaces, curves, patterns, and datum features about a mirror plane.

Note: You can also mirror curve patterns and transform patterns, such as direction, axis, or fill, but you cannot mirror group patterns or a pattern of a pattern.

There are several methods of creating a mirror:

• Feature Mirror—Allows you to mirror features using two methods:

o All Features—This method duplicates features and creates a merged feature that contains the geometry of all features of the model. To use this method, you must select all features and the part node on the Model Tree.

o Selected Features—This method duplicates only the selected feature.

• Geometry Mirror—Allows you to mirror geometry items such as datums, quilts, and surfaces. You can also mirror an entire part by selecting its node on the Model Tree.

The following examples show how you can use the Mirror tool to create a complex design from a relatively small amount of geometry:

EXERCISE:Use the Pattern and mirror command to draw the holes in the following mould plates.

EVALUATION:



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