calculating transmission capacities based on cfd

DLR workshop 2017, Idaho Falls, 8 November 2017 1

Calculating Transmission Capacities based on CFD

WIND KNOWLEDGE

IS WIND POWER

Dr. Catherine Meissner

DLR workshop 2017, Idaho Falls, 8 November 2017


Outline

• About WindSim

• WindSim CFD based real-time dynamic line rating

• WindSim CFD based dynamic line rating forecasts


Overview company, offices and resellers

• WindSim has offices in Norway, USA, China, Brazil, South Africa, India and France

• Resellers partners in: Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, Costa Rica, Finland, Greece, Italy, Kenya, Korea, Mexico, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, Turkey and USA

WindSim HQ in Tønsberg, Norway

• Company established in 1993, privately held• WindSim - World class CFD based software launched in 2003• Business areas: Software solutions, consulting services and training

• Wind energy assessment and wind farm simulations• Wind farm lifecycle• Onshore and offshore

• Wind Power Forecasting• Other wind assessment

• Power line and grid optimization• PV industry

OfficesResellers

WindSim – global reach


Wind Atlas

Minimizing LoadsMaximizing Production

Optimal Operation

Power Forecasting

Better Financing

Increase the power production from wind turbines through optimal placement and operation by means of wind modeling

Optimal Layout

Dynamic Line Rating

Measurements Campaign Design

ENGINEERING

CONSTRUCTION

OPERATION

WIND KNOWLEDGE

IS WIND POWER

WindSim software and services - whole wind farm life cycle


• WindSim has about 250 customers in over 50 countries

• Top ten countries (181 customers) comprises of China, Spain, Germany, Italy, South Korea, USA, Norway, Turkey, Greece, Sweden and India

• Customer segments:

– Turbine manufactures

– Wind farm developers, owners and operators

– IPPs

– Engineering and consulting companies

– Research institutes

– Universities

WindSim – Software & Engineering Services


WindSim CFD based Dynamic Line Rating (DLR)

• WindSim and Idaho National Laboratory have cooperated in developing a DLR system since 2009

• Use data from weather stations and advanced CFD simulations to create a 3D mean wind speed and wind direction map

• Two operational modes:– Nowcasting (Weather stations)– Forecasting (Numerical weather prediction model)

Illustration of terrain (orange) and a number of CFD models (grey) along power lines


WindSim CFD based real-time Dynamic Line Rating

Simulation of the 3D wind flow conditions over the area for several wind directions

Creation of a 3D simulation grid



Creation of CFD look-up tables for different wind directions and atmospheric stabilities describing the change in wind speed and direction from met mast to transmission line

Transfer of the measured wind speed and wind direction via the look-up tables onto the transmission line

Transmissionline cooling can be calculated using the wind speed and direction along the lineMeasurement masts



• Transmission lines span over several hundreds of kilometers which is normally a too large area for CFD simulations

• Solution: Combine several CFD simulations into one large model and do the postprocessing and transfer calculations in that large model

CFD Windatlas method for large areas


Validation of the WindSim CFD technology

• The Bolund experiment was a field campaign for validating numerical models of flow in complex terrain and was the basis for a unique blind comparison of flow models. WindSim participated in the Bolund experiment conducted as an anonymous blind test

• 50 results were handed in and grouped in 4 categories; Linearized, LES (Large Eddy Simulations) and 1 and 2 equations RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes)

Bolund


Validation of the WindSim CFD technology

• The CFD methods, with the 2 equation turbulence closure (k-epsilon), showed the lowest errors among the various methods. WindSim was under the top ten.

Normalized wind speed at 5 meters height, measurements are given by black boxes, solid pink line is the WindSim results, while the other lines are results from other methods

Top 10 ListID Turb.model Error 5m [%]ID0053 RANS k-epsilon 6ID0037 RANS k-epsilon 4ID0000 RANS k-epsilon 5ID0036 RANS k-epsilon 5ID0016 RANS k-epsilon 5ID0015 RANS k-epsilon 5ID0077 RANS k-epsilon 5ID0010 RANS k-epsilon 7ID0009 RANS k-epsilon 5ID0034 RANS 1 eqn. 7ID0068 RANS k-epsilon 10ID0006 RANS k-epsilon 6

Best results are obtained with RANS k-epsilon models. The errors at 5 meters height are in the order of 5-6% for the best models


WindSim CFD based dynamic line rating forecasts

• From real time DLR monitoring, this approach can also be extended to forecasting the capacity of the line for the next interval of minutes, hours, and even days.

•The forecasting system couples Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) data, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

WindSim Portal: Forecasting strategy “ANN WIND-WIND, CFD”


Global ModelsECMWF, GFS (100 - 16 km)

Accurate description of the local flow field and the wake effects, model size 2x2 km

1:10Meso/Regional Models WRF (9 - 1 km)

Micro ModelWindSim (100 - 10 m) 1:100

WindSim CFD based dynamic line rating forecasts


CFD based dynamic line rating forecasts

18 – 19 June 2014

WRFWRF_ANNMEAS

NWP data has phase and model bias errors in wind speed and direction

Trained neural networks can be used to correct each forecasted time series from the mesoscale model before it is used in the CFD simulation

January February

win

d sp

eed

(m/s

)

0

5

10

1

5

20


• The network learns on the data provided. Wrong data leads to errors in the correction


Past Future

Training

NWP


• The network learns on the data provided. Wrong data leads to errors in the correction


Past Future

Correction

NWP


Benchmark of WindSim Power Forecasting

• Benchmark study on different power forecasting solutions • Power forecasting for 10 wind farms in Europe with approx. 1,000 MW capacity• 6 months period from August 2015 to January 2016 • Number of forecasts 8,776,640• 16 participants


Validation Studies and Publications

WindSim and INL have regularly published the progress at the American and European Wind conferences (AWEA, EWEA)

The posters are shown during this workshop


WindSim Americas2945 Townsgate Road Westlake VillageCalifornia 91361, USA Tel: +1 805 216 0785

WindSim ChinaNo. 101 Shaoyang Beili Chaoyang District 100029 Beijing, China Tel: +86 186 1029 1570

WindSim IndiaSuite # 617 Regus Milenia Business Park Phase 2, Level - 6, Campus 4B, No - 1 43, Dr.M.G.R Road Kandanchavady, PerungudiChennai 600 096, India Tel: +91 98 4032 2786

WindSim ASFjordgaten 153125 Tønsberg, NorwayTel: +47 33 38 18 00

WindSim BrasilMarket Place II, Av. Doutor Chucri Zaidan, 94016º andar, Vila Gertrudes São Paulo – SP 04583-110, Brasil Tel: +55 11 5095 3430

WindSim France3 Rue du Fin F-60410 Saint Vaast de Longmont, FranceTel: +33 683 26 08 27

WindSim Sub-Saharan Africa16th Floor Norton Rose House Riebeeck StreetCape Town, 8000, South AfricaTel: +27 79 367 2593

Thank [email protected]

calculating transmission capacities based on cfd

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