california
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: California](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060110/555b51fcd8b42a16758b5114/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CaliforniaBy: Kevin Starr
Rosy CaitoHistory 141Professor Arguello
![Page 2: California](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060110/555b51fcd8b42a16758b5114/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Queen Calafia's Island: Place and First People
Theme: California known to the first Spanish explorers • In 1533, Spanish explorers ,
commanded by Hernan Cortez, landed on the newly discovered Pacific, believing that the land was an island.
• Around the year 1539-40 was when the Spanish realized that California was not an island, but a peninsula with area to the north that they would not be able to conquer for a few hundred years.
![Page 3: California](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060110/555b51fcd8b42a16758b5114/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The different geographies that make California distinct
• 1,264- mile Pacific shoreline ; Coastal Plains
• 4 strategic intervals-bay of San Diego (south), Monterey and San Francisco bays (mid-region), and Humboldt bay (north).San Francisco is among the 3 finest on the planet.
• Mountain Ranges of California: Transverse Ranges, Peninsula Ranges, Klamath Mountains, Cascades ,Sierra Nevada's, Mount Whitney, Mount Shasta, and Mount Lassen
• Fault lines- the San Andreas, the Hayward, the garlock, the san Jacinto, the Nacimiento. San Francisco earthquake of April 18th,1906 shook the ;land at 8.3 on the Richter scale
![Page 4: California](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060110/555b51fcd8b42a16758b5114/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The First Californians: Presence of Native Americans
• There were hundreds of thousands of native Americans residing in California for centuries before settlers had arrived.
• In the northwest were the fishing peoples, shell gatherers of the Central Coast, the hunter-gatherers of the interior, the agriculturists of the southeast
• Native American California offered a spectrum of linguistic and cultural diversity in the region before any settlers arrived to the area in a later era.
• They did not need elaborate hierarchies because they lived a simple, balanced life of hunting and gathering .
• Their culture and heritage was all about creation myths, totems, rituals and taboos.
![Page 5: California](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060110/555b51fcd8b42a16758b5114/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Chapter 2: A Troubled Territory: Mexican California
• Theme: Mexican California’s Goal• Alta and Baja California were
classified as territory to Mexico in 1824
• The main goal of Mexican California revolved around the effort to create a civil society through secularization of the missions, foreign trade, and land grants.
• Over time, it was difficult for Mexican California to do this with a mixture of forces: international commerce, a growing population of non-Mexican residents, the collapse of local politics, presence of foreign powers from the pacific, and emergence of enlightenment ideas
![Page 6: California](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060110/555b51fcd8b42a16758b5114/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Society of Mexican California
• Family was everything and was the fundamental fact and premise of social life
• After 24 years of Mexican rule, trade and commerce promoted secularization as Mexican Californians found their values, prosperity, and lifestyle modified by contact with the wider world
• Twenty -one missions were built of adobe by Indians under supervision on Franciscans.
![Page 7: California](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060110/555b51fcd8b42a16758b5114/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
American Presence in Mexican California
• A group of seventeen trappers connected to the Rocky Mountain Fur Company arrived in California on August 1826.
• They were led by Jedediah Smith, a Bible -reading explorer-entreprenuer, who constituted the first American penetration of California overland from the east.
• Smith had trouble bringing more men on an expedition into California though because his men were ambushed by Mojave Indians.
• Through out his journey, Smith linked California to the interior of the north American continent.
• Because of Smith, other trapping parties entered California in hopes of getting into the world of the Rocky Mountain fur trade .
![Page 8: California](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060110/555b51fcd8b42a16758b5114/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Chapter 8: Making it HappenLabor Through The Great Depression
• Theme: Strikes and Unions• The General Strike of 1901
led to the formation of the Union Labor Party in San Francisco, which held power through the tenure of 2 mayors elected from their ranks.
• The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), a loose federation of anarchists that wanted to seize the state and establish an industrial utopia, had a strike in San Diego in 1912.
• -5000 protested in front of a city hall and led to chaos
![Page 9: California](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060110/555b51fcd8b42a16758b5114/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Great Depression
• More than three hundred thousand agriculturist workers flooded California. They were all white Americans from the Great Plains and the Southwest.
• Wages went down by more than 50 percent.• Riots would take place because people were devastated.• Workers began to organize unions throughout Southern
California
![Page 10: California](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060110/555b51fcd8b42a16758b5114/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Cannery and Agricultural Workers Industrial Union ( CAWIU)
• Founded by the Trade Union Unity League, a national organization chaired by William Zebulon Foster.
• They organized a strike by 2,000 cannery workers in the Santa Clara Valley south of San Francisco.
• The CAWIU played leadership roles in 24 agricultural strikes in 1933
• They were involved in the largest single agricultural strike in the history of the nation: a cotton pickers strike in the San Joaquin Valley with 10,000 strikers.