California Off-road Mobile Source Technology Review

JOHN DEERE LE ENGINE TECHNOLOGY

John Deere Consumer Products

February 2, 2000

2 Feb 2000 2

Handheld Products

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Emissions Performance

HC + NOx (Class IV)

45.654

185

0

50

100

150

200

250

EPA 1 CARB 2 LE Engine

g/hp-hr

*

* Certification value for Deere 125-hour engine

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Certification

• Certified for durability period of 125 hours• Required same level of maintenance as current

25 cc engine– No catalyst to replace– No valve train, so no need for lash

adjustment• Power was constant at .95 hp • DF of 1.1

• Low NOx of less than 2 g/hp-hr

• Fuel efficient with low CO2

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Fuel Consumption

Fuel Consumption Reduction

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Prototype 70.7 cc Professional Saw Prototype 25 cc Trimmer Engine

Perc

ent o

f sta

ndar

d

0.419 kg/kW-h0.687 lb/hp-h

0.497 kg/kW-h0.815 lb/hp-h

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Component Comparison Between JDCP & Standard Two stroke

– Injector

– Injection Tube

Standard JDCP LE Engine

LE Technology

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JDCP 25 cc Engine

Standard 25 cc Engine Prototype LE 25 cc Engine

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Fuel & air is drawn into crankcase Only Air is drawn into crankcase

Low Emission Engine Technology

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Crankcase is filled with air/fuel Crankcase is filled with air while

mixture injection tube draws fuel

Low Emission Engine Technology

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Air/fuel mixture compressed in Air is compressed in crankcase crankcase and fuel is compressed in

injection tube

Low Emission Engine Technology

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Air/fuel mixture is forced through Only air is forced through transfer transfer ports into combustion ports into combustion chamber chamber. Expansion gases compress fuel

in injection tube.

Low Emission Engine Technology

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Air/fuel mixture escapes through Fuel injection starts. Only air

exhaust port through exhaust

Low Emission Engine Technology

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Lubrication

• Introduces small portion of fuel/oil mixture into the crankcase

• Operates in high viscosity oil mist environment versus standard flooded condition

• No bearing failures or evidence of poor lubrication

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Fuel Delivery System

• Current fuel systems are based on the standard carburetor and address all operating modes of the engine

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Fuel System

Vacuum Fuel System for Compressed Air Assisted Injection System

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Power

• LE prototypes of same displacement (25 cc) engines have demonstrated equivalent and improved power – 25 cc LE engine produces almost 1 horsepower

• Power can be tailored using conventional engine design criteria– Port timing and size– Fuel system venturi/throttle bore size

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Weight

• Additional weight is insignificant• LE parts adds about 40 grams (less than 2

ounces)

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Ambient Temperature Operation

• LE engine provides same operating performance as current carbureted engines across wide range of ambient temperatures

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Engine Temperatures

• No “new” heat management issues are presented with the LE Technology

• Good initial designs for heat management, as with typical commercial engines, will have fewer or no heat problems

• Engineering solutions are readily available• LE engine certified at 125 hours of operation,

demonstrating no heat problems

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Manufacturability

Requires only• Minimal cylinder modification • New fuel delivery system, which will be

commercially available• Miscellaneous hardware

LOW COST SOLUTION

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Advantages

• Lower cost

• Lower fuel consumption

• Comparable performance to other direct injected two stroke technologies

• Lower NOx, CO & CO2 than 4 stroke technology

• Adaptable to larger displacement engines