california2
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California Powerpoint 2TRANSCRIPT
California: Part 2Kristen Cox History 141
New World: Geology and Conservation
Geology 1847 Yale founded Sheffield Scientific
School, brought talented geologist to California
California Academy of Sciences, goal to survey state and collect rare and rich productions
Geological Survey, measuring heights and land formations
Mining, brought about invention of the Pelton turbine Lester Pelton 1880 patent water turbine,
multiplied power of running water Premise for hydro electrical generation
Conservation Transfer of Yosemite Valley to federal
jurisdiction 1890 Advocated creation of national park system
New World: Technology
Electronics Transcontinental phone calls, radio,
television, and high speed electrons Semiconductor- replace vacuum tube
with nonmetallic solid material Bardeen and Brattain used crystal
germanium William Shockley, Palo Alto, 1956
founded Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory
Goal to produce silicone transistor
Intel Corporation, invented microchip processor intelligence programmed via software
Jobs and Wozniak Mission make computers available
to millions of Americans Apple I prototype
Biotechnological research 40% in the US within California
Lewrence Laboratory at Berkley, epicenter for futher nuclear research. 7 won nobel prizes.
New World: Fight and Astronomy
Flight- metaphor of the dream of California James Montgomery, experiments heavier-than-air air glider August 1883 altitude of fifteen feet, glided for six hundred feet,
and safely landed Wright brothers heavier-than-air craft December 17, 1903 in North
Carolina California capitalize on invention January 1910, Los Angeles County Chamber of Commerce, air
show Right climate, engineering, technology, entrepreneurial sprit
and capital Names associated with aviation in California synonymous with
flight itself Astronomy- penetration of space
James Lick, died October 1876, left funs to build observatory for most powerful telescope on the planet The Lick Observatory, mount Hamilton Santa Clara County Turned over to University of California
The Hooker telescope, Pasadena December 1908, increased observable universe by 300 percent
George Ellery Hale, 200 inch disk upgrade of Throop Polytechnic Institute into a first rate center of scientific research
An Imagined Place: Film and Literature
Film Industrialization of film production in Hollywood in the 1920’s
Reliably good weather, distance from subpoena servers with suits against producers not willing to pay what they thought was fair for licensing and reel footage fees
Americans caught glimpses of life in California Mid 30s takeover of Germany by National Socialism
Mass emigration of talented Europeans Southern California provided opportunities for employment in the film industry,
climate, and distance from conflict Cold War, testimonies naming produced blacklist of members of the Communist Party
High point of social commentary, dark, drama, political tensions, race, class, mistrust of separated men and women, and distrust of government sending soldiers to war
Writing, inspiration of 1940s film, with detective stories, preoccupation with California themes of nature, naturalism, and bohemia with added politicized community resistance Simplistic relationship to nature, urban matters, with solipsistic drama of self against
society California as a emotionally empty place, bleakness, disconnect, fake promise of youth,
impending doom The Beats of 1950- anguish of postwar generation oppressed by materialism, refuge in
sex, drugs, and rebellion
An Imagined Place: Painting, Photography, and Architecture
Painting 1920’s Landscapes in Postimpressionist style Social Realism to California brought by the
depression Daily life, backyard bbq, suburbia, Sunday
afternoon 1930’s popularity of mural, capacity for political
statement Expressive and figurative paintings flourished in
1940s Photography, Depression brought true photographic
realism. Attention turned to social turmoil Architecture
Arts and crafts inspired style first two decades Modernism appeared pre-World War I era, clean
lines, surfaces, minimalist presentation Characterize high end architecture
1950s postwar building boom, domestic tradition, California Ranch style
An Imagined Place: Music and the Outdoors
Music- shirt from conservative to the avant-garde Sound in motion pictures, composers 1930s,
took musical modernism to new heights Jazz orchestra, progressive modes
Fusing of pop and modernism Intensification of country music with the migration
from Dust Bowl states during the depression Outdoor life
Middle class Californians opportunity to recreation typically for upper class
San Francisco Bay Area 1860s, German immigrants founded Olympic Club
Swimming, free public surf, rough water swimming, swimming and boating clubs California 1907 Anglo-Hawaiian brought
surfing Affordable. Widespread, became icon of
the California lifestyle Baseball in California flourished in 1859 Mountaineering, skiing, rock climbing, windsurfing
and hang gliding
Forging a World Society
Gold rush “world rushed in” nearly every country sent people to California, diversity
California founded on racial distinctions and repression Disenfranchisement of blacks and Asians Aggression against Mexican land titles Lynching and Chinese must go crusade Anti Japanese “white California” segregation of
school children, barring from land ownership, incarceration of Japanese Americans during WWI
White “okies”, ethnic prejudice, despised in physical selves, slack-jawed and incestuous
LA emerged as one of most important centers of Jewish civilization Anti-Semitism swept California between WWI
and WWII Early 1900 SF more foreign born residents relative to
population than any other city in US Korean immigrants, second influx of Mexicans,
Filipinos, Japanese, Sikhs Armenians, fleeing Ottoman Turkish persecution WWII more African Americans to California to work
Forging a World Society
1965 Immigration and Nationality Acts- reforming immigration laws Excluded groups now equal immigrations,
favored reuniting families Refugees from Southeast Asia and
Bangladesh Racial, ethnic, and religious covenants of
exclusion in real estate Continuing divide between blacks and whites
Watts riots of 1965 Los Angeles riots of 1992 O.J. Simpson trial of 1995
Illegal Immigration 1993 ranked one of three major problems in
California; along with crime and the economy, both related to that issue
“Save Our State” Prop 187, November 1994, withdrawal of public support for undocumented Californians Passed but never implemented, states
cant regulate immigration Create opinion, call to focus, illegals
costing great deal of money
Forging a World Society
Affirmative action Keeping Asian 4.0 gpa from top UC and
admitting 3.0 gpa African American or Latino
1998 race and gender based preferences at UC ended
California Civil Rights Initiative, Prop 209, November 1996, outlawing affirmative action
1998 Prop 227 disestablishment of California bilingual education program, replaced with one year immersion in English language proficiency
Economy of California reliant on undocumented workers
Gov. Davis bill authorizing issuance of drivers licenses to undocumented workers Struck opposition, repealed once
Schwarzenegger became governor Californians becoming more like each
other. Common culture of California