91

CALINAN PUBLIC MARKET COMPLEX

___________________

A ThesisPresented to theCollege of Architecture and Fine ArtsUniversity of MindanaoDavao City

___________________

In Partial Fulfillmentof the Requirements for the Degree ofBachelor of Science in Architecture

___________________

LANIE MAE F. VILLAREALAugust 2015APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis entitled CALINAN PUBLIC MARKET COMPLEX prepared and submitted by LANIE MAE F. VILLAREAL, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Architecture, has been examined, approved and accepted, and hereby endorsed.

ARCH. ALVIN MORALES Teacher-in-Charge

ARCH. ILUMINADO D. QUINTO, JR.Dean, College of Architecture andFine Arts Education

PANEL OF EXAMINERSAPPROVED by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade of PASSED.

ARCH. LEO COCHINGChairperson

ARCH. JAIME B. GONZAGA ARCH. LEMUEL RUYERAS Member Member

October 2015

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This undergraduate thesis proposal would not be possible without the help and guidance of the Almighty God and the support of my family, friends, church mates, classmates, and teachers. Allow me to extend my deepest gratitude toward the following significant advisors and contributors:First and foremost, to my thesis adviser, Arch. Lemuel B. Ruyeras, thank you for helping me got some insights and ideas for the betterment of my proposal. My thesis would not be possible with your valuable advice.Second, to my instructor Arch. Alvin Morales, who willingly checked and corrected my proposal. Your comments and suggestions are very significant in fulfilling whatever the needs of my proposal are;Finally, I would like to thank my parents especially my mother Emily F. Villareal for the support especially for financial and emotional matters;Thanks to everyone. The product of this proposal would not be possible without your support.

LMV

NAME: LANIE MAE F. VILLAREALTITLE: CALINAN PUBLIC MARKET COMPLEX

ABSTRACT

Public Markets are essential to Filipino community. It is where Filipinos exchange goods and has become the commercial centre for generations already. However, nowadays, public markets have become the reflection of poverty. Calinan, a third district locale of Davao City has a public market that needs a redevelopment. Calinan is a thriving community and seeks to improve its economic status through empowering local businesses. As observed and have known, public market is a hive for many small businesses; therefore, the redevelopment would be a huge asset for the communitys perspective of development which then conforms to communitys vision. Aside from being an agent for improvement of the community of Calinan, Calinan Public Market redevelopment into complex will be a huge transition for many Philippine public markets impression. With the help of the City Government of Davao and its branching office City Economic Office, the Calinan Public Market Complex will rise to its peak function.

TABLE OF CONTENTSPage

TITLE PAGEI

APPROVAL SHEETII

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTIII

ABSTRACTIV

TABLE OF CONTENTSV

LIST OF TABLESXII

LIST OF FIGURESXIV

Chapters

1INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study1

Client3

Architectural project4

2GOALS

Function6

Mission6

Maximum Number6

Individual Identity7

Interaction/Privacy7

Heirarchy of Values7

Prime Activities8

Security8

Progression8

Segregation8

Encounters9

Transportation/Parking9

Efficiency9

Priority of Relationships10

Form11

Bias on Site Elements11

Environmental Response11

Efficient Land Use11

Community Relations12

Community Improvements12

Physical Comfort12

Life Safety12

Social/Psychological Environment13

Individuality13

Wayfinding13

Projected Image14

Client Expectation14

Economy15

Extent of Funds15

Cost Effectiveness15

Maximum Return15

Return on Investment15

Minimizing of Operating Cost16

Maintenance and Operating Costs16

Reduction of Life Cycle Costs16

Sustainability16

Time17

Historic Preservation17

Static/Dynamic Activities17

Change17

Growth18

Occupancy Date18

Availability of Funds18

3FACTS

Function19

Statistical Data19

Area Parameters29

Personnel Forecast29

User Characteristics31

Community Characteristics33

Organizational Structure35

Value of Potential Loss37

Time-Motion Studies38

Traffic Analysis39

Behavioral Patterns42

Space Adequacy42

Type/Intensity43

Physical Challenged Guidelines43

Form44

Site Analysis44

Soil Analysis46

FAR & GAC51

Climate Analysis51

Code Survey and Surroundings52

Psychological Implications53

Point of Reference/Entry54

Building or Layout Efficiency54

Cost SF and Equipment Costs54

Economy55

Cost Paramters and Maximum Budget55

Market Analysis55

Energy Source Costs55

Activities and Climate Factors55

Economic Data56

LEED Rating System57

Time58

Significance58

Activities and Projections58

4CONCEPTS

Function59

Service Grouping59

People Grouping60

Activity Grouping60

Priority61

Heirarchy62

Security Controls62

Sequential Flow63

Separated Flow65

Functional Relationships65

Communications68

Form69

Enhancements69

Special Foundations69

Density and Environmental Control70

Safety71

Neighbors71

Homebase/Office Concepts72

Orientation and Accessibility72

Character and Quality Control72

Economy73

Cost-Control73

Efficient Allocation73

Multi-Function Versatility73

Energy Conservation and Cost Reduction73

Recycling74

Time75

Adaptability75

Expansibility75

Linear/Concurrent Scheduling75

5NEEDS

Function76

Area Requirements76

Parking Requirements80

Outdoor Space Requirements81

Form83

Site Development Costs83

Building Costs/SM83

Economy85

Budget Estimate Analysis85

Cash Flow Analysis85

Operating Costs87

Time89

Escalation89

Time Schedule89

6STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Function91

Form93

Economy94

Time94

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDICES

CURRICULUM VITAE

LIST OF FIGURES

FigurePage

1Bar Graph of the Results From Satisfactory Survey33

2Calinan Barangay Zoning By Purok34

3Organizational Chart of City Economic Enterprise36

4Organizational Chart of City Economic Enterprise, Calinan Division37

5Calinan Public Market Current Location39

6Calinan Public Market Traffic Analysis40

7View from Honesto Garcia St.41

8Market Road During Night Time41

9The Current Site44

10Bird's Eye View of Site45

11Man's Eye View of Site45

12New Site46

13Flood Susceptibility Map49

14Landslide Susceptibility Map50

15Sun and Wind Path52

16Bar Graph of the Results From Survey53

17Pie Chart of Monthly Gross Income by Households in Calinan, 201056

18Matrix, Site Development Plan63

19Matrix, Market63

20Matrix, Bagsakan63

21Matrix, Slaughterhouse64

22Matrix, Transport Terminal64

23Matrix, Inn64

24Matrix, Commercial Building65

25Bubble Diagram, Site Development65

26Bubble Diagram, Market66

27Bubble Diagram, Bagsakan66

28Bubble Diagram, Slaughterhouse67

29Bubble Diagram, Transport Terminal67

30Bubble Diagram, Inn67

31Bubble Diagram, Commercial Building68

32The Site70

LIST OF TABLES

TablePage

1Demographic Characteristics of Davao City by Age and Sex Distribution20

2Number of Households, Household Population, and Average Household Size in Davao City, 2010 and 200021

3Visitors Counted By the Department of Tourism (DOT) From Accommodation Establishments in 201021

4Agricultural Production in Davao City, 2006-201022

5Livestock and Poultry Production Inventory of Livestock and Poultry Production, in heads, 2006-201025

6Fish Production in metric tons, 2006-201025

7Actual Land Use26

8Demographic Characteristics of Calinan by Household Distribution26

9Demographic Characteristics of Calinan by Sex Distribution27

10Agricultural Production in Calinan29

11Summary of Total Load76

12Market Building Occupancy Load77

13Transport Terminal Occupancy Load78

14Inn Occupancy Load78

15Commercial Building Occupancy Load79

16Bagsakan Occupancy Load89

17Slaughterhouse Occupancy Load80

18Summary of Total Parking Slots81

19Outdoor Space Requirements82

20Fixed Cost83

21Total Building Costs84

22Costs of Land Development of Site84

23Summary of Wages86

24Summary of Total Income Annually87

25Summary of Operating Costs Annually88

26First Year Construction Schedule89

27Second Year Construction Schedule90

Chapter IINTRODUCTION

Background of the StudyPublic Market is a very important establishment in the community. Throughout the world, there are a lot of public markets where large commodities are being sold and market. Public markets exist to fulfil a public purpose, showcase a communitys unique character and culture while serving its everyday shopping needs (Zaretsky, 2012). For years, the public market has been a place for many farmers and vendors to sell their goods. One of the best public markets is in Milwaukee, USA where hundreds of people will come in order to purchase fresh goods. Another one is in Barcelona, Spain which is widely known as Santa Caterina where there were also fresh local products being sold and has been rehabilitated and drawing now popularity with its roofing design (Jewell, 2011). These public markets have been a link to extended community areas to their agricultural roots and environs. With a focus on promoting locally produced agricultural and artisan products, these unique community specific enterprises are proving especially attractive to consumers seeking fresh, local products (Lochaven, 2011).In Philippines, public market is always referred to as Palengke derived from the Spanish word Palenque meaning wooden palisade and stockade (Diccionario de la lengua espaola, 2001). In Spanish colonies of New Spain, palengke is also described as the gathering place of indios or the indigenous people. Palengke like a usual public market, it has wet and dry division and for few specific places a terminal has also been anticipated. A lot of people still come and go in this place either to market their products or to purchase. Palengke or the public market in the Philippines being the heart of every town has some issues being considered as the corresponding reflection of poverty. Nevertheless, public markets in the Philippines have been running still though some issues of sanitation and health still emerged. The current problems regarding public market in the Philippines tend to make the latter dying and dying more due to the rise of malls and supermarkets (Pabicko, 2002).As to Calinan, a third district locale of Davao City, a public market has been put up and has stood for several years already. The public market in Calinan has been the center of market or the bagsakan of all local agriculture products coming from nearby barangays and districts like Marilog and Baguio. It also has been a tourists food destination for the fresh products like durian, rambutan, lanzones, and pineapples being delivered directly from farms. The Public market in Calinan, has been catering a lot of vendors and customers for decades already however there were no further improvements has been done especially to its sanitation and its system consideration to the traffic congestion to its nearby streets.The Calinan Public Market has the huge potential being one of the best markets in Davao that does not only promote the local fresh products but so as tourism. Not only can the public market contribute tourism and entrepreneurship to Calinan but so to Davao City as a whole. Aside from tourism and entrepreneurship, it may also draw employment and may contribute to the economic status of the local. The redevelopment of Calinan Public Market may change the mindset of public market as a reflection of poverty but instead the very reflection of abundance and prosperity. It would also make a change for Calinan to be one of the hot spots of Davao.

Client

The redevelopment of Calinan Public Market is a huge project that needs a client that would be capable enough to establish and realize the project. However, redevelopment and state voluntary cleanup programs like these have evolved under the umbrella of existing public planning organizations (Russ, 2000). Therefore, by that case, the City Government of Davao City has the capacity to regard this development that in the near future would benefit its local residents and its surrounding environment.The City Government of Davao, being the highest local authority in Davao, has the authority of regarding all institutional structures and alike for the welfare and further improvement of the city. With its mission to become a major growth pole in the international market by engaging the empowered and participative citizenry in resource based and market-driven economic activities within the context of balanced ecology, sustainable growth and equity-led development, the City Government has the drive to make the project possible. The City Government of Davao in connection to its branching office which is the City Economic Office with high responsibility to oversee the citys economic development has the power to push this project and realize it for the betterment. In general, The City Government of Davao in collaboration to its branching office which is the City Economic Office has the huge capacity to cater the redevelopment of the Calinan Public Market turning it into a structure not only functioning as a market but also attracting tourism and support small local businesses. Not only because the City Government of Davao has the authority but its stand really points out its very capacity to handle the redevelopment of the said public market.Architectural ProjectThe Calinan Public Market will be redeveloped according to the present and future needs. Since the area is already at the center of the district, it is perfect enough to establish a complex catering the needs of the occupants and the future users of the development without intending to obliterate the very purpose of the market. An example of the rehabilitated and redeveloped is the public market in Barcelona which is the Santa Caterina which now drawing popularity.Since the relationship between culture and environment is a two-way process, the concept of designing the complex should be parallel to the current practices of the local in order for adaptation (Carmona, Heath, Oc, & Tiesdell, 2003). Though there would be shifting the traditional into modernization, the redevelopment will still be in consideration of its surrounding. Therefore, the Calinan Public Market with the involvement of itself with its surrounding environment should consider the principle of sustainability and resiliency in consideration also to the culture of the current residents in the area.According to Kevin Lynch, an urban design should have vitality as one of its five performance dimension. Meaning, vitality is the degree to which the form of places supports the functions, biological requirements and capabilities of human being. Calinan Public Market Complex will house these following spaces, the main public market sectioned into wet and dry market, commercial building, food terminal, slaughter house, the City Economic Office, terminal for PUJs, motorcycles, vans, and tricycles, and inn for travellers all in accordance to the needs and activities of the users and occupants. These spaces shall be parallel to the dimension of vitality as Lynch implicates. In order for the dimension Lynch has described be followed, the formation of the structures shall conform based on the needs. With this at hand, the architectural project will eventually help the minimization of the expenses.

Chapter IIGOALS

FunctionThe matters that blur out the possibility of Calinan Public Market of becoming major contributors of the districts rise in economic status have opened the doors of one of the ideas to redevelop and find solution to the problem. The awareness of the current situation reveals some important values to regard in fulfilling the goals; it also offers the space of improvement and the possibility of the planned changes of the current market.Mission. The redevelopment of Calinan Public Market seeks to become one of the best markets that caters entrepreneurship and promotion of its local products to the country and to the world with its sustainability, resiliency and awareness to its environment bringing with it the concern of public health and safety and in return help the economic status of the area.Maximum Number. As a whole, the Calinan Public Market Complex should become interactive for the costumers and to the vendors; it should understand the needs and therefore realize these needs; it should be open and inviting at the same time. However, the redevelopment shall reconsider the number or people that would come into the market. As projected, the market shall cater over a hundred of customers everyday and shall also host the possibility of additional number of people would come on peak seasons and holidays. Individual Identity. According to the Senate Bill 1319 also known as National Market Code of the Philippines, a Public Market shall be understood to mean a place, building or structure of any kind owned or operated by a city or municipality designated as such by the Sanggunian of that city or municipality dedicated to the service of the general public, where basic food items and other commodities are displayed and offered for sale. Public markets exist to fulfil a public purpose, showcase a communitys unique character and culture while serving its everyday shopping needs (Zaretsky, 2012). Calinan Public Market Complex on the other hand shall remain its identity being a public market though there are some revisions and additions for further development. Interaction/Privacy. Public Markets showcase local entrepreneurs and producers who might not otherwise be able to own and operate stand-alone store (What is a Public Market?, 2014). These ambulants or vendors who doesnt occupy definite stall shall be properly separated or designated. Although there are interactions or negotiations between customers and producers, certain seclusions from trading halls should be anticipated especially for areas intended for preparations and transactions like slaughterhouse and bagsakan. Hierarchy of Values. The redevelopment will be managed by the market administrator. Market administrator will be responsible for the implementation of rules and regulations of the public market, the assistance in the formulation of the budget for operations, the proposition and coordinating plans and programs for public markets and other responsibilities as stated in Senate Bill 1319 section 59.Prime Activities. Public Markets rarely allow chain stores and franchises but rather showcase local entrepreneurs and producers who might not otherwise be able to own and operate a stand-alone store. Therefore, these markets can be small business incubators, creating an opportunity for start-up businesses with minimal investment (What is a Public Market?, 2014). The redevelopment of Calinan Public Market will be a food haven and a destination and therefore be the place for trading and promotion of the local products while representing the districts culture. The redevelopment shall also cater the tenants and travellers need for resting grounds.Security. Calinan Public market being public doesnt mean to risk safety for the public. The city/municipality shall provide adequate security for the protection of consumers and traders within the vicinity of the market area. With this, all public markets shall be opened and closed at certain hours as may be determined by the Sanggunian of the local unit concerned, in accordance with the requirements of safety, order and sanitation as stated in section 23 through 26 in the Senate Bill 1319 passed by Senator Manny Villar. Progression. Calinan Public Market Complex shall adapt to sudden changes and additions needed for the further improvement of the development. The respond of adaptation of the market to the progression through years shall prove the flexibility of the market itself. Through this flexibility, the continuous flow of business through customers and producers will still remain for years.Segregation. The segregation of the redeveloped public markets spaces shall be well planned especially there are additional spaces aside from the market itself. Certain spaces such as walks and waiting shed shall be provided for pedestrians which are then shall be properly designated from vehicles.Encounters. Calinan district is generally linked to its nearby districts such as Baguio, Marilog, and Tugbok. These links of Calinan to its nearby barangays and districts shall come as an influence or an asset to make the Calinan Public Market Complex flourish into fame and attraction not only to the locals so as internationally. The relationship and the encounter that will come into the Calinan Public Market Complex shall be an extent of promotion of the public market as well as Calinan district. Furthermore, since the Philippines have signatories already in the ASEAN Economic Community which main objective is to create a single market, the public market will be projected to showcase the local products even better (Vera, 2013). Transportation/Parking. Since the current Calinan Public market has some issues and disruption with regard to traffic, the redeveloped Calinan Public Market Complex should be able to solve the traffic congestion for the ease of maneuvering of the trucks and vehicles. It should also verify proper parking spaces and have high concern to the pedestrians abled or differently abled. Efficiency. At the Philippine Development Forum on Bangsamoro at the SMX Convention Center on sixth of November 2014, President Benigno Aquino III said that Mindanao starting in 2015 will no longer experience power crisis since there will be additional major power plants that will operate (Quiros, 2014). The assurance of this statement still leaves an idea of prudence for a must of seeking efficiency of power and water. Therefore, in consideration for the near future power disruptions, the redevelopment shall assist the issue with the concept of green design. Sustainable design or green design moderates the use of energy systems which includes daylighting and ventilation.Priority of Relationships. Calinan Public Market Complex should be a place where people can be comfortable either to trade or just hang out to explore the industry of food and others. However, on the other side, public markets usually prohibit chain stores and franchises. They focus on businesses that are locally owned and operated which highlight the best of local foods, crafts, music, heritage and culture (Zaretsky, 2012). Being chained by this fact, the redevelopment should have extents and limits towards franchising industry; it should focus in promoting local farmers and entrepreneurs capability to showcase local fresh products.

FormIn order to be acknowledged more by the extended communities and nearby cities, the Calinan Public Market should be at its best. Achieving the best means, it should draw people by its architectural features, flexibility and adaptation to its culture aside from its showcased products.Bias on Site Elements. The proposed Calinan Public Market Complex is a redevelopment of the current Calinan Public Market. The current public market has the usual spaces intended for the market production. Space like slaughterhouse and bagsakan have been provided, however the case of sanitation has been a real problem, the redevelopment shall maintain these spaces that has been designated already. Environmental Response. The concept of good architecture has shifted to encompass the notion of a building that is sensitive to its environment one that will adequately protect the environment from the potential pollution and degradation caused by human habitation (Williamson, Radford, & Bennetts, 2002). Since the proposed Calinan Public Market Complex is one of the communitys centres, therefore, it should be in parallel to the protection and development of its environment as stated. It shall seek to become an advocate of protecting the environment through advancing sustainable design. Efficient Land Use. The Calinan Public Market located along the Davao-Bukidnon Road has the real potential to be known. Its site is in the corner of a crossing which implies a good edge in marketing and is qualified as citys minor commercial zone (C-1). With the sites entire marketing asset, the redevelopment shall efficiently use the site making it more productive at the same time adapting still the sustainable design concept. Community relations. The redevelopment sites location along the highway has many private competitors. Most of the counterparts of the Calinan Public Market Complex are the strip commercial centres. In order to achieve the goal to revitalize the public market, it should arise among its competitors. It shall prove with its power to link nearby districts and communities by showcasing local artisan products without intending to remove utterly these private businesses. Community Improvements. Calinan district is a thriving community in Davao City. The redevelopment of Calinan Public Market shall be one of the reference points in Calinan that will soon become one of the major communities contributing to the improvement of economic and tourism industry of the city.Physical Comfort. Calinan Public Market Complex will be catering hundreds of people from different districts and towns. Therefore, the redevelopment shall be open for small or starting entrepreneurs and for different types of customers. It shall be inviting and comfortable through conforming to the traditions and culture of Calinan as its residing community.Life Safety. The redevelopment of Calinan Public Market shall be safe especially on late night transactions. Since the development will be projected to be opened late nights, it should consider rovers around the site as determined by the market administration.Social/Psychological Environment. The increasing population of Calinan is a consideration that needs an attention for the planned redevelopment of the public market. The more the numbers of people are the larger the number of customers may come and stop by in the market. For example, according to survey data, 98% of the adults living within a 30 mile radius of Seattles Pike Place Market had visited at least twice during the preceding year. Pike Place Market enjoys roughly 14,500,000 customer visits annually (Zaretsky, 2012). With this concern, the redevelopment of the Calinan Public Market shall respond with the kind of demand that would arise in the near future. The response should be in parallel and justifiable when it comes to spaces and in correspondence to function.Individuality. In promoting the individuality without intending to take away the diverse and united attitude or ambiance of the market, it shall then be proper to categorize the vendors into different stall sizes that fit to their range. These stalls shall then be categorized again depending upon their products. With this, there will be further organization in the market that soon will benefit not only the vendors so as the customers.Wayfinding. The site also has a good wayfinding and could be one of the reference points. However, the current development causes traffic congestion since there were no proper parking spaces anticipated. The planned redevelopment should implement sound planning that concern the pedestrian and automobile mobility and parking within and around the site without risking the sense of orientation. Furthermore, it should cast priorities also for differently abled persons.Projected Image. Calinan Public Market Complex will be a modernized public market. Its design shall be modern yet caught up still by the idea of being Filipino. It shall stick to the essence of an open and freed marketing and trading incorporated by the promotion of local products yet seeks not to be as random as possible. Therefore, in general, the redevelopment shall still recognize the idea palengke but improvise it to a more modern and diverse market.Client Expectations. The redevelopment of Calinan Public Market seeks to become one of the best markets that caters entrepreneurship and promotion of its local products to the country and to the world. Through its sustainable and resilient design, the redevelopment shall up bring the life and draw attention towards the society in keeping the awareness to its environment and concern of public health and safety. Furthermore, it shall help the inclination of economic status of the area.

EconomyExtent of Funds. Public Markets are complex, multi-million projects that need substantial grant funding (Zaretsky, 2012). These funding needs, in order to realize the project, will be catered by the client which is the City Government of Davao. All the maintenance services will be funded under the umbrella of the government.Cost Effectiveness. The Calinan Public Market Complex cost effectiveness shall be proved through efficiency on energy consumption and the continuity of the run of the businesses within the market. It shall also project its cost effectiveness through attractive design features and adequacy of its designated spaces.Maximum Return. Most of the money will be vested upon the redevelopment of the market and the additional structures in the site. Through the market and the additional structures such as the inn and commercial buildings the money vested shall be returned duly. Return on Investment. For a government funded project, the Calinan Public Market Complex need not to investigate furthermore for the return of investment since the market itself will be the service that rendered by the government for the betterment of the community. Nevertheless, the investment shall be expected returned in duly purposeful amount of time. The Calinan Public Market Complex shall gain its profit from stall rentals and inns income. With this, after the investment is returned, the redeveloped Calinan Public Market shall activate to the peak of its full potential while maintaining and minimizing operating cost. Minimizing of Operating Cost. As a government funded project, the Calinan Public Market should showcase efficiency through sustainable and resilient design. Part of its financial attributes from its profit shall support the continuous maintenance and advancement of technology and contribution to workers.Maintenance and Operating Costs. Since it is a public market where surely sanitation is one of the very important factors to be maintained, the redevelopments market manager shall assure the lifelong sanity in the market through following and implementing rules and regulation about the certain matter referring to the Senate Bill 1319 section 8 through 22. Reduction of Life Cycle Costs. The initial costs of the Calinan Public Market Complex will be implemented especially on the redevelopment of the main market, the commercial stalls, inn, terminal, and Mini Park. The reduction of these costs shall be vested upon keeping some of the site elements.Sustainability. Through sustainable design, the redevelopment of Calinan Public Market shall be able to conserve the design through times. It shall remain a spot where people can come and trade and be comfortable in. It shall be one of the links of the extended communities.

TimeHistoric Preservation. The current market is declining its appeal each year as observed. Due to lack of maintenance, the face of the public market has been the reflection of unorganized and unmaintained public place. The client wants to make the redevelopment one of the reference points of the community. With that, the redevelopment shall preserve its design and sanitation quality through time.Static/Dynamic Activities. The trading industry in the Calinan Public Market Complex will be major. This industry shall remain as static as possible. The development will be drawing attention however the goal to make the trading industry static it shall also adapt to changes. It shall then also be dynamic when it comes to trading industry through design features and ideas.Change. Globalization can affect welfare through the workings of the labor market (Villamil & Hernandez, 2003). With this, the redevelopment shall be globally competitive especially the ASEAN integration has come. Though the ASEAN Political-Security Community and the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community do not receive as much attention, but they serve as foundations for the economic pillar of the integration exercise in Southeast Asia (Federico M. Macaranas, 2013). The Calinan Public Market shall seek to adapt its halls with various types of vendors small or large it may with this sudden change in the country; it shall be in due time be the hive of food products and other commercial industries interacting and competing internationally. As time goes by, the redevelopment seeks to be inclined to the latest trend and shall remain the intensity of being one of the best spots for food trips and other activities alike.Growth. The change of Calinan Public Market being a complex shall achieve the very goal to satisfy its customers and farmers through the promotion of modern trading industry and design. For example, according to survey data, 98% of the adults living within a 30 mile radius of Seattles Pike Place Market had visited at least twice during the preceding year. Pike Place Market enjoys roughly 14,500,000 customer visits annually (Zaretsky, 2012). The example, projects the possibility of the rise of customers especially now it is developed. Therefore, the redevelopment shall be adaptive to the growth on population and the possibility or potential to be on eof the food hives in Davao.Occupancy Date. The Calinan Public Market Complex will be occupied even if the construction is still going on. Since, the client doesnt want to disrupt the trading because it may kill many entrepreneurs business for months. But, the redeveloped Calinan Public Market will be projected to operate completely by 2016.Availability of Funds. The availability of funds of the Calinan Public Market will be from the rentals of the stalls and the income from the inn and terminal fees. All other funds that will lead to the maintenance and operating cost will be funded by the government in additional to the markets income.

Chapter IIIFACTS

FunctionStatistical Data. Davao City is a home of about 1,449,296 people as of May 1, 2010 census covered by National Statistics office; 721,353 are males and 722,537 are females (as shown in Table 1). People in Davao are one of the scopes of the study that needs attention. Since Calinan is within the range of Davao City, it is very practical to include its influences towards the development. The population in table 1 portrays the Male and Female distribution. Being larger than the population among men, women dominance in the community may upbring an influence of having commercial buildings. According to Wharton marketing professorStephen J. Hoch, shopping behavior mirrors gender differences throughout many aspects of life (Men Buy, Women Shop: The Sexes Have Different Priorities When Walking Down the Aisles, 2007). Women tend to be more invested in shopping rather than men.These people are walking above the 244,000 Ha of lands possessed by Davao and creating 334,473 households as shown in Table 2. Since purchasing goods is a family need, therefore knowing the number of households may define the numbers of customers depending upon status. The lands of Davao are parcels of Low Density Residential Zone (R-1), Medium Density Residential Zone (R-2), High Density Residential Zone (R-3), Socialized Housing Zone (SHZ), Tourism Development Zone (TDZ), Minor Commercial Zone (C-1), Major Commercial Zone (C-2), Light Industrial Zone (I-1), Medium Industrial Zone (I-2), Heavy Industrial Zone (I-3), General Institution Zones, Special Institutional Zones (SIns), Parks and Recreational Zone (PR), Open Space/Easements Zone (OSE), Transportation/Utilities Zone (TU), Conservation Zone (CZ), Water Zone, Planned Unit Development (PUD), Protected Zones.

Table 1Demographic Characteristics of Davao City by Age and Sex DistributionAge GroupBoth SexesMaleFemaleSex Ratio

Total1,443,890721,353722,53799.8

Under 132,34516,82315,522108.4

1-4 yo128,46766,59761,870107.6

5-9 yo149,40477,18272,222106.9

10-14 yo143,47073,16770,303104.1

15-19 yo152,12672,55179,57591.2

20-24 yo146,70071,61075,09095.4

25-29 yo127,15663,46663,69099.6

30-34 yo114,09458,02556,069103.5

35-39 yo98,13950,17347,966104.6

40-44 yo84,61742,57842,039101.3

45-49 yo71,05135,26435,78798.5

50-54 yo61,48430,18931,29596.5

55-59 yo48,12523,75924,36697.5

60-64 yo33,72016,46217,25895.4

65-69 yo21,2069,97911,22788.9

70-74 yo15,1196,7998,32081.7

75-79 yo8,7213,6765,04572.9

80 and over7,9463,0534,89362.4

Source: National Statistical Coordination Board

Table 2Number of Households, Household Population, and Average Household Size in Davao City, 2010 and 2000Census YearHousehold PopulationNumber of HouseholdsAverage Household Size

20101,443,890334,4734.3

20001,145,033240,0574.8

Source: National Statistical Coordination BoardThe lands of Davao ranked sixth of the most visited cities in the Philippines. It garnered about 0.68 million tourists accommodated as of 2010 due to its festivities and natural attracting features (as shown in Table 3). These tourists are also very much attracted to the ever famous Durian fruit especially during its seasons. With the production of Durian and other agricultural productions, public markets in Davao like Calinan Public Market suddenly came to life. The bulk of tourists in Davao annually will be a consideration since some of these tourists will eventually visit commercial establishments like public market.Table 3Visitors Counted By the Department of Tourism (DOT) From Accommodation Establishments in 2010CityNumber of Visitors

1Cam Sur2.33 million

2Metro Manila2.30 million

3Cebu1.77 million

4Boracay Island0.78 million

5Baguio City0.74 million

6Davao0.68 million

Source: National Statistical Coordination BoardThere are about 9 public markets in Davao and one of them is situated in Calinan. These markets have been running for years due to the continuous agricultural production. In Table 4, the statistics shows Davaos agricultural production, which then implicates the largest productions are bananas and coconuts among commodities. In tables 5 and 6 depicts Davao Citys production in livestocks and fisheries. As shown in table 5 largest productions are the poultry and hogs. All the productions are generally seen and bought in public markets.Table 4Agricultural Production in Davao City, 2006-2010 (in Metric Tons)Commodity20062007200820092010

PALAY

Production (mt.)54,25834,45227,40430,10428,396

CORN

Production (mt.)37,54848,32853,76847,84241,760

Fruit Crops

BANANA

Production (mt.)191,749205,333.21217,238.76223,597.41227,651.51

CALAMANSI

Production (mt.)856.3763.94637.4619.91530.55

DURIAN

Production (mt.)19,35824,895.4021,495.4026,457.8536,822.26

LANZONES

Production (mt.)567917.26735.45676.53820.25

MANDARIN

Production (mt.)1,8741,486.631,241.451,218.601,004.74

MANGO

Production (mt.)10,1099,492.088,118.988,325.018,047.81

MANGOSTEEN

Production (mt.)107.72138.8496.193.5179.15

PAPAYA

Production (mt.)4,3463,636.933,5913,502.053,484.35

PINEAPPLE

Production (mt.)17,99421,088.9020,963.8221,153.7721,591.30

RAMBUTAN

Production (mt.)358434.19362.74357.93396.14

WATERMELON

Production (mt.)335348.62372.48380.06316.7

Non-Food

ABACA

Production (mt.)21.6522.0821.9921.9922.43

RUBBER

Production (mt.)1,3761,164.921,143.711,142.971,162.41

TOBACCO

Production (mt.)1.891.791.911.881.32

Industrial and Commercial Crops

CACAO

Production (mt.)885836.94832.22850.05836.39

CASHEW

Production (mt.)2.071.982.092.061.7

COCONUT

Production (mt.)220,817212,438.14219,066.10239,083.93237,383.47

COFFEE

Production (mt.)8,2884,793.684,487.974,080.953,625.31

Vegetables, Roots and Tubers

AMPALAYA

Production (mt.)741.28739.43683.92673.97677.79

BELL PEPPER

Production (mt.)130.21126.27137.77137.72136.86

CABBAGE

Production (mt.)1,934.081,523.241,692.201,613.531,618.14

CAMOTE

Production (mt.)1,433.481,420.531,411.291,384.261,387.33

CARROTS

Production (mt.)139.81121.2128.55119.68116.22

CASSAVA

Production (mt.)811.91814.12844.39847.7846.3

CHAYOTE

Production (mt.)263.75266.48277.19278.84278.5

EGGPLANT

Production (mt.)4,361.913,821.073,596.753,657.883,323.13

GABI

Production (mt.)116.68120.04118.39117.98124.86

GOURD

Production (mt.)375.28375.45353.72355.08355.15

HABITCHUELAS

Production (mt.)52.0853.2851.7751.1151.79

MONGO

Production (mt.)108.93105.73102.7998.0799.33

OKRA

Production (mt.)96.7598.73107.19108.89110.06

PEANUT

Production (mt.)353.11354.79335.72325.14297.38

TOMATO

Production (mt.)733.14725.59656.09647.12658.87

UBE

Production (mt.)96.597.01100.8496.3296.38

WHITE POTATO

Production (mt.)19.5220.6818.9918.2314.13

Source: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics, Region XIDavao CityTable 5Livestock and Poultry Production Inventory of Livestock and Poultry Production, in heads, 2006-2010

Type (in heads)20062007200820092010

Swine / Hogs234,830230,960236,120239,330238,904

Cattle42,65345,39246,00144,33644,162

Goat55,48852,53751,33753,05152,196

Carabao50,23642,24740,15838,45639,586

Ducks65,99759,41758,91854,42447,675

Poultry3,009,5623,926,9383,902,3383,648,9173,405,752

Source: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics, Region XI Davao City

Table 6Fish Production in metric tons, 2006-2010

Type (in metric tons)20062007200820092010

Municipal Inland / Marine1,2701,4921,3001,235.701,124.70

Commercial Deep Sea6,1276,5384,5253,770.204,163.75

Aquaculture Fishponds1,4531,3721,4291,248.821,431.18

Total8,8509,4027,2546,254.726,719.63

Source: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics, Region XI Davao City

Calinan has classified its land use into institutional, residential, commercial and agricultural. The largest land is covered by agriculture for about 416.65 hectares, as shown in Table 7. In these lands there are about 4,878 households dispersed into 38 puroks/sitios withholding 24,537 total population gathered by Partcipatory Resource Appraisal (PRA) as shown in Table 8 Table 9 shows that the population of women is larger than the population of men. The number of households is the key component of knowing the possible number of customers the redevelopment shall cater.Table 7Actual Land UseClassificationArea (Hectares)Percentage

Institutional49.996%

Residential249.9930%

Commercial116.6614%

Agricultural416.6550%

TOTAL833.29100%

Source: Barangay Calinans Profile

Table 8Demographic Characteristics of Calinan by Household DistributionPurok/SitioNumberPopulation

1135779

282378

363270

461327

545157

62802200

72051071

891362

92081300

10116478

111811311

1272280

13105547

14129780

15275630

1677349

17147627

18148605

19188570

202511186

2153237

221101050

23206911

241201000

254202000

2683384

2739179

28112367

2924130

3042197

3170283

3260400

3366280

34107320

35107476

36119571

37110855

38171825

TOTAL487824672

Source: Barangay Calinans Profile

Table 9Demographic Characteristics of Calinan by Sex DistributionPurok/SitioMaleFemaleTotal

1388391779

2187191378

3135135270

4146181327

58275157

6107011302200

75525191071

8161201362

96336671300

10235243478

116476641311

12123157280

13258289547

14384396780

15307323630

16175174349

17288339627

18299306605

19276294570

205826041186

21116121237

225125381050

23461450911

245344661000

2596910312000

26183201384

279089179

28187180367

296367130

3091106197

31135148283

32191209400

33137143280

34157163320

35240236476

36279292571

37403452855

38391434825

TOTAL120671260524672

Source: Barangay Calinans ProfileHaving agriculture as the biggest parcel of Calinans stature, there are 4 major crop/commodity produced annually from several puroks/sitios. These are the palay, banana, durian, and pomelo (see Table 10). These crops are dropped and distributed by trucks, jeepneys, or sometimes by small vehicles like motorcycles and pedicabs to Bangkerohan traveling for approximately twenty-seven kilometers then back again to the origin. The largest among the four commodities is the palay garnering 540,000 kilograms. Knowing the largest production is palay, pomelo, banana and durian the development may regard the promotion of the said commodity.

Table 10Agricultural Production in Calinan

Purok/SitioMajor Crop/Commodity

PalayBananaDurianPomelo

A/PProductionA/PProductionA/PProductionA/PProduction

13072,00010225,000

22048,000

32048,000

1150120,000

122048,000

1450120,000

153072,000

17512,000

225136,500540,00010176,500

TOTAL225540,0005136,500540,00020401,500

Source: Barangay Calinans ProfileArea Parameters. For commercial spaces, customers should have a minimum open space of 0.74 square meters. For office workers and staff, a minimum of 9.3 square meters should be provided, for residential spaces 18.6 square meters. For dining areas like cafeterias a minimum of 1.4 square meters. Minimum stall space is 3.10 square meters.Personnel Forecast. As stated in the Senate Bill 1319 Section 32, Public Markets are administered basically by the Market Committee. This committee has the representative of the City Treasurer, the representative of the Sanggunian, City Legal Officer/City Prosecuter, and the representative of the market vendors as its following members. However, the City Economic Enterprise office has several revisions about the numbers of people managing the markets and other branching areas since Davao City itself is a huge progressive city. Holding about 44 divisions in the office, the City Administrator tends to achieve these divisions for system. As to the current market in Calinan, another division from the City Economic Enterprise, there were about 25 office members including the officer in charge. The office ensures the organization of the market for 8 hours, five days a week.The market supervisor/officer in charge is the one who represents, administers, acts as the head of the market. He/She is head and the one who will instruct the office staffs, inspectors, market supervisors (security), and slaughterhouse officers.Clerical and paper works in the City Economic Enterprise Office in Calinan is being done by the five office staffs. They are tasked to do all the receiving and computing datas directly from other offices or from the market itself. The substantial inspecting is job done by the two Inspectors. Inspectors are the ones who will inspect the market; they are generally tasked to inspect the stalls and bagsakan. The supervision of the entire premises is being done by the market supervisors. There were about 429 market stalls plus 142 make shift stall (sprawled stalls) summing up into total of 571 stall in the market. These market stalls have approximately 1-5 members including helpers and kargadors. The ensurance of security of the whole market is done by the deployment of security guards divided into three teams shifted every eight hours. Each team is lead by the team leader who will also be the desk officer during the shift. Under the leaders were the security guards assigned to secure the entire premises and the slaughter house. Moreover, the slaughter house management is job done by the slaughterhouse officer. All personnel under the City Economic Enterprise of Davao envision being a model government office that contributes to the development of Davao City through professional, honest and efficient public service. With the drive to be a contribution to the community, the office stands to do its mission to be a corps of competent civil servants managing viable economic undertakings, a result-oriented government office delivering professional, honest and efficient public service, and a responsible employer who makes employment a worthwhile and satisfying experience.User Characteristics. The Calinan Public Market is mainly accommodating the 24,672 residents in Calinan. These suburban occupants rely upon different transportations in order to interact to the main institutions and offices resided in downtown area. Though Calinan is about 27 kilometers away from Davaos Metro, Calinan residents still spontaneously communicating and interacting to institutions and offices resided in downtown due to the concept that downtown area has it all.The diverse community of Calinan is home of different ethnicity consisting Cebuano, Tagalog, Bagobo, Ata and Muslim. The mixture of ethnicity has been disregarded to live harmoniously toward the perspective of continuous progress of the land. With this concept, literacy in Calinan is held up high reaching up to the rate of 94.01% as 2010 according to the barangay profile. Having literacy rate as high as 94.01% implicates the different views about public markets and supermarkets.Below, the researcher asked respondents as representatives from the 4,878 households in Calinan to rate the current Calinan Public Markets performance. The researcher gathered 370 respondents as solved from the Slovins formula of data sampling from large population. The results (as shown in figure 1) show that residents in Calinan rated along the scale of 1 to 5, 5 being the highest rating. The survey question 1 has an average mean 3.30, question 2 has an average mean of 2.75, question 3 with 3.59, question number 4 with an average of 3.40, and lastly question 5 with 3.13.Question number 1 rated 3.27, thus implicated that some residents doesnt trust shopping in the public market because of security matters and organizational matters. Question number 2 has the lowest average among the questions which is 2.79 to which then implies the sanitation of the current market needs an improvement that resulted into a rating 3.24 for recommendation as asked in question 5. However, on the other side of the box, the question 3 and 4 to which respondents asked if they whether they think products are fresh and whether these products are sold with manners by the vendors, it resulted into 3.57 and 3.36 respectively. The rating for question 3 and 4 implicates the average performance of respondents towards the goods and vendors.Figure 1Bar Graph of the Results of the Satisfactory Survey

For the over-all rating for the Calinan Public Market, it was only rated by the respondents with just an average performance for its organization, sanitation, security systems, commodities sold, and vendor manners.Since the redevelopment will be an extension also for nearby communities, the results may represent also the perceptions of people resided in Marilog, Baguio, Tugbok, Suawan, Lamanan, Tamugan, and Wangan area.Community Characteristics. Calinan is a thriving community. It was originated several years ago and developed through the years. The development of the community started as a sprawl which then continued through time. Eventually, the growth of the said community has shown through gradual developments. These gradual developments are mostly commercial establishments, housing developments and road concreting projects. Now, it has proven itself as a diverse community of being the home of about 24,672 of mixed ethnicity population.Currently, Calinan belongs to the third congressional district of Davao City. It is composed of 38 purok/sitios that are designated to either from North barangay Dacudao, South barangay Wangan, East and West barangay Talomo River. Its reach of about 27.13 kilometers away from the City Hall located in downtown area makes the community dependent on automobiles like trucks, jeepneys, vans and motorcycles for transportation matters.Figure 2Calinan Barangay Zoning by Purok

Calinan has a total area of 833.29 Hectares. It was divided into parcels of institutional, residential, commercial and agricultural land use. 50% of the area is dominated by the agricultural land use which then depicts the very good soil for agricultural commodity production. The production of agriculture is the bread and butter most of the residents making most of them self-employed.Organizational Structure. The City Economic Enterprise Office units are administered by the office manager. These units include 9 public markets, 1 overland transport terminal, main (Ma-a) and 3 satellite slaughterhouses (Calinan, Mintal, Toril), 1 sea port (Sta. Ana), 1 park (Magsaysay), 10 cemeteries and 1 recreation center (Almendras Gym). These units were put up in different years but put under one management when the City Economic Enterprise Office was created upon reorganization of the city's bureaucracy in 1996. Currently, it has an eight year-old organizational goal which was developed in December 2, 2004 by management and all the supervisors. For calendar year 2009, Economic Enterprise implemented 7 programs namely;Operation of nine (9) city-owned public markets.Operation of one (1) overland terminal (DCOTT).Operation of one (1) main slaughterhouse (Ma-a) and three (3) satellite slaughterhouse.Operation of one (1) port (Sta. Ana).Operation of one (1) park (Magsaysay Park).Operation of ten (10) public cemeteries.Operation of one (1) recreation center (DCRC)

Figure 3Organizational Chart of City Economic Enterprise

Calinan Public Market on the other hand, has the supervisor as the head of the office. Under the supervisor are the office staffs, inspectors, market sweeper, slaughterhouse officer, and the market supervisors. In knowing these staffs, the redevelopment will know the proper gross floor area.Figure 4Organizational Chart of City Economic Enterprise, Calinan Division

Officer in ChargeOffice StaffInspectorMarket SupervisorMarket SweeperSlaughterhouseTeam Leader 1Team Leader 2Team Leader 3

Value of Potential Loss. Calinan Public Market sells different commodities from dry goods to vegetables to meat production. Since Calinan Public Market stands to be more of an agricultural production enterprise, the possibility of the declining sales may come especially during non-seasons. Regardless of this matter, the public market managed to run because of other demands. The valuable peak seasons for durian and other popular fruit and vegetable commodity made the market popular more especially to the tourists and local consumers. However, the non-season days may come and may eventually change the face of the market during these days. The consideration of this loss maybe patched up by advertising other commodities in the market making the market a much demand more for the public.But, being the basic need for a community, Calinan Public Market may really run even it is not season for some commodities or other productions. However, the reality of this phase may be reduction of a possibility of a huge economic help to the community.Time-Motion Studies. Calinan is about 27.13 kilometers reach from City hall resided in downtown which then will took for about an hour drive for jeepneys, trucks and vans. Being a sub-urban community Calinan is the center of the North-eastern part of Davao. It serves as a drop of different trucks and automobiles that will catch up to the next drive either towards downtown or towards uptown which includes Marilog and Baguio Districts. It will take for about 40 minutes to drive to Marilog, 25 minutes toward Baguio, and 15 minutes toward Tugbok.

Source: Google MapsSince the Calinan Public market is in the metro, the drive from downtown will only took for about an hour also depending upon traffics. But for the nearby residents, Calinan Public Market is just a walk reach taking 5 minutes or less regardless for those in much further areas.

Figure 5The Site Location

Traffic Analysis. The grid type framework of Calinan is completely visible in the map as shown in figure 5. With a total of 143.5 km of concreted roads, transportation is made possible though not all roads are concreted. These roads are boxing out properties and establishments like Calinan Public Market.Calinan Public Market is approximately an 80m division between Honesto Garcia St. and Davao-Bukidnon Highway. Near Calinan Public Market is a trumpet intersection of the Davao-Bukidnon Road and the Villafuerte St. Within the market there were two roads with a width of three meters. These small streets are convenience streets for deliveries and exportation. However these streets dont have sidewalks and application of proper ramps for differently abled people. During peak seasons or market days (Saturdays and Sundays), ambulant vendors are rampant to which is a problem since they are occupying the walks which leads to congestion. The addition of unorganized loading and unloading of pedicabs and motorcycles makes the problem even worse. The barangay however responded to this situation. They managed to close the Honesto Garcia St. as a one way street to prevent this congestion. Calinan Public Market managed to put parking spaces for jeepneys and trucks who delivers the commodities to the market. However, some of the parking spaces are made terminals routed for uptown trips. The traffic within and around the public market has a lot of constraints and most of these constraints are caused undisciplined customs of the residents.Figure 6 Calinan Public Market Traffic Analysis

Figure 7 Honesto Garcia Street

Figure 8Market Road 1 During Night Time.

Behavioral Patterns. Calinan Public Market has several stalls for lease. These stalls have been occupied by vendors who pay 500PhP monthly which are then designated into either section wet or dry depending upon what is being sold. The market opens as early as 7:00 am and before the opening hour, vendors managed to prepare the stalls and commodities being sold. When clock struck 9:00am customers are starting to flood up the halls up to 11am. These are the peak hours. The peak hours then will be back by 4:00pm until 7:00. After then, when twilight came, barbecue stalls started to open serving drivers and travellers for their food stop. The cycle remains the same until Saturdays and Sundays comes, things will be much busier in the market. Peak hours are much longer; market stays awake until 10.For the entire day, from the time it started to open, market security guards are roving and shifting as schedule dictates. They work five days as well as the office. However offices are only working from 8:00am until 5:00pm. Space Adequacy. Currently, there were about 429 stalls in the market. Some of these stalls in the market have not yet been occupied but there are a lot of ambulant vendors around the market. The market may seem to have enough stalls but some of these stalls costs a lot for the starting vendors to pay. Therefore, in that case, vendors tend to occupy the sidewalks and sell there. The situation results to congestion and the sidewalk, hallway and streets widths become insufficient. Addition to the result regarding to the situation is the crowding of people especially during peak season or holidays.The evident traffic congestion is also a contribution of lacking enough parking spaces for vehicles like, jeepneys, trucks and other automobiles. Currently there no definite parking spaces since the sparking space arent concreted or developed.Type/Intensity. Calinan Public market has two market buildings and stalls inside. These market buildings are designated into wet and dry sections. Dry section includes the dry goods such as abacca, dried fish and etcetera while wet section includes meats. These sections are very important and verify the identity of public market the most. In order for the market to function better, the market has other facilities like slaughterhouse and the administrative office. Minor facilities like parking lots plays also a big role especially when in it comes to deliveries.Physical Challenged Guidelines. The special consideration for the welfare of the disabled has been neglected in the current Calinan Public Market. Ramps should be provided with a scale ratio of one is to twelve. Furthermore, there should be sufficient space for a wheel chair to pass the walks with a supposed minimum length of 1.5m as stated in the National Building Code of the Philippines and BP 344. Furthermore, according to the Public Market Code ramps shall be strategically located for purposes of visibility, near the approach point to the market structure, and shall conform to the provisions of the existing accessibility law which requires buildings, institutions, establishments and public utilities to install facilities and other devices to enhance the mobility of disabled persons. Therefore, management shall provide ramps and other convenient facilities related to make the market functional and have well-rounded activities. For example, regular stairways shall complement the market systems and activities. Along with the stairways are the facilities like toilets intended for the physically challenged people.FormSite Analysis. Calinan Public Market is located 711'26"N12527'16"E Davao City. It is currently standing in a 14,280 sq. m lot (shown in figure 9) surrounded by the roads Davao-Bukidnon Highway, Honesto Garcia St. and the ends of the Villafuerte St. Since the area is too small, the redevelopment will be extended towards North-West filling up the whole block making the site a total of 28, 331 sq. m (Shown in figure 12). The markets site is quite an irregular shape. It is surrounded by commercial establishments also like NCCC supermarket just across the market, One Network Bank and Mercury Drug.Figure 9The Current Site

Figure 10The Site. Birds Eye View

Figure 11The Site. Mans Eye View (scene from Honesto Garcia St.). Market Building 2

Figure 12The New Site

\

Soil Analysis. According to the data provided by the Mines and Geosciences Bureau Region XI, Calinan District is within the perimeters of Calinan Quadrangle. Generally, the area can be grouped into five (5) major geomorphological units (or terrain mapping units) which are as follows:

a.Fluvial landformsb.Lower Talomo volcanic foot slopesc.Denudational landform in volcanic rocksd.Denudational landform in sedimentary rockse.Karst landform

Fluvial landforms. The fluvial landforms define the Davao River and tributaries active channel and floodplains.Lower Talomo volcanic foot slope. This area defines the broad and elevated flatlands covering the Calinan area. It is chiefly underlain by gently dipping volcaniclastics.Dedudational landform in volcanic rocks. Intercalated andesitic lava flows and pyroclastic rock with dominant denudational processes made up this landform. It occupies the southwestern part of Calinan quadrangle.Denudational landform in sedimentary rocks. A greater part of the quadrangle is occupied by the sedimentary hills and slopes. Several Sub-units can still be delineated within this landform based on relief and specific origin, however, due to the reconnaissance nature of activity, further delineation of sub-units was not attempted to this time. It is interesting to note that a lot of mass movement were mapped within this landform.Karst landform. Karst landform develops mainly on areas underlain by limestone especially if excess rainfall is available. Karst landform can be recognized within Malabog area wherein positive and negative landforms can be identified.The section of the property with relatively steeper slopes defines the southeast boundary. The area is generally underlain by intercalated and compacted pyroclastic deposits with lenses of volcanic flows which, in turn, an overlain by relatively thin blanket of surficial deposits. The basaltic-andesitic volcanic rocks in the property are most probably derived from the Sibulan-Talomo-Apo volcanic complex, which is responsible for the most widespread lithology in the area, effectively blanketing a substantial portion of Catalunan Pequeno and other adjacent barangays. Calinan still belongs to the area where it is low in susceptibility of landslide however it may be prone to flooding with a rating of medium susceptibility since it is near to the Talomo River, and the river connected towards Davao River.Based from the areas geological environment and the foregoing field findings, the property inspected is capable of accommodating most forms of development. The underlying lithology is generally a competent foundation material, capable of supporting light to moderate infrastructures (e.g. residential houses, small buildings, etc.). The geohazards identified in the area are ground shaking, flooding and possible volcanism. Ground shaking can be mitigated by the proper engineering designs of structures. As regards possible volcanism that is subject to official classification of Mt. Apo status by PHILVOCS, vigilance and alertness would be sufficient to prevent the loss of lives.

Figure 13Flood Susceptibility Map of Davao

Figure 14Landslide Susceptibility Map of Davao

FAR & GAC. According to P.D. No. 1096, THE 1977 NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES (NBCP) the percentage of site occupancy by a building/ structures shall be taken at the ground level and shall be exclusive of courts, yards and light wells. Courts, yards and light wells shall be measured clear of all projections from the walls enclosing such wells or yards with the exception of roof leaders, wall copings, sills or steel fire escapes not exceeding one point two meters (1.2 m) in width.Climate Analysis. In Philippines, there are only two seasons the wet and dry. The country is located above the equator and is included in tropical zone. Annually, Philippines is hit by typhoons. Typhoons have a great influence on the climate and weather conditions of the Philippines. Philippines has the average temperature of 25.5 degree celcius. A great portion of the rainfall, humidity and cloudiness are due to the influence of typhoons.Due to high temperature and the surrounding bodies of water, the Philippines has a high relative humidity. The average monthly relative humidty varies between 71 percent in March and 85 percent in September. The combination of warm temperature and high relative and absolute humidities give rise to high sensible temperature throughout the archipelago. It is especially uncomfortable during March to May, when temperature and humidity attain their maximum levels. As to Davao City, it has an average of monthly temperatures above 26C (78.8F), and average monthly precipitation is above 77 millimeters (3.03in).

Figure 15Sun and Wind Path

Code Survey and Surroundings. Calinan Public Market belongs to the Minor Commercial Zone (C-1) as the City planning has defined through the certificate. This indicates that the market is in the right zone for running commercial business. The Calinan Public Market Complex is a redevelopment of the current market. The current market doesnt have trees or landscaping, the site is totally flat with all of its buildings and facilities designated within the site. However, the market could be attracting if there were any natural features but it wasnt implemented due to the small space and a huge need for more stalls and facilities like additional parking spaces for vehicles like trucks and jeepneys.

Psychological Implications. Residents in Calinan as surveyed wanted change for the public market and very much prefer supermarkets rather than the latter. The implication of the statement is that the atmosphere really affects the point of view of the customers in purchasing and patronizing markets.16 people who were avid customers of both types of markets were asked if they prefer supermarkets over public markets. They were also asked if whether of the two are sanitizedThe data shows that although the consumers think that public market has cheaper and fresh products they would still prefer supermarkets over public markets. The reason behind the preference may be justified by question number one and two. Consumers still think that supermarkets are cleaner and much safer to purchase goods.Figure 16Survey Results

Point of Reference/Entry. When driving from downtown towards Lacson along Davao Bukidnon Highway, the intersections round plant box is very visible. It is already an indication for directions especially knowing the location of the site aside from being the billboards local stand post. According to Mr. Elmer Juyo, the markets officer in charge, the development of the market has no definite point of access. People could come in from anywhere and from anytime they want thats why they didnt have any data when it comes to average cutomers who patronize the market. Therefore, Calinan Public Market is as public as it was named. The slaughterhouse is the only place where there were restrictions of access.Building or Layout efficiency. The 17,291 sq. m. total area of the current Calinan Public Market isnt really enough for the entire routine of the users. Since the routine of the users include mobility of vehicles and transactions. Some stalls remained unoccupied but there are many ambulant vendors placing themselves within the site. The whole area wasnt totally efficient when it comes to layout or the framework of the development because of the said situation. Maybe the reason is both the organization itself and the development itself. Cost/SF and Equipment Costs. For a government funded development Calinan should have justifiable costs for the said project. Since it is a redevelopment it will really make a huge change for the market. There would be additional facilities to which therefore sums up estimated 25,000PhP gross per area. When multiplied to the total area it will sum up over 24,475,000PhP.EconomyCost Parameters and Maximum Budget. Cost per square meters will be defined 25,000PhP. The latter then is multiplied to area unit per 429 stall owners, 25 office workers, and average customers daily is approximately 700 customers. Thats a total of 24,475,000PhP without the total additional costs for extensions. Market Analysis. Currently, the City Economic Enterprise is expecting the Calinan Public Market to earn 680,000Php per month. Calinan Public Market is already fourth of the largest earning public markets in Davao next to Toril Public Market, Agdao Public Market, and the Bangkerohan Public Market respectively. The change for the development of the Calinan Publlic Market may gradually affect and increase the monthly income of the market.Energy Source Costs. Calinan Public Market relies its electrical power demand to the Davao Light Power Company. The company charges the overall commercial centers like public markets 19.38 centavos per KW/hour. The average consumption of a commercial structure like public market is about 15.5 Kwh/sf daily. 70% of all energy consumed in a typical office building, with an additional 20% of energy consumption used to power office equipment. The remaining energy is consumed by water heating, cooking, and refrigeration systems, as well as other miscellaneous uses.Activities and Climate Factors. The continuous maintenance of the market is very needed as of the current. Since the public market resided in the tropics, it will really experience high humidity and moisture which eventually deteriorate some building materials. One of the most important building material is the roofing in the market building. The holes in roofing does affect greatly on the products the vendors are selling. Economic Data. 64.74% of Calinan residents are earning 5,000PhP below (1), 8.45% are earning 5,001-10,000PhP (2), 6.56% are earning 10,001-15,000PhP (3), 6.00% are earning 15,001-20,000 (4), 3.18% are earning 20,001-25,000PhP (5), 3.46% are earning 25,001-30,000PhP (6), 7.61% are earning 30,001Php and above (7), with a total of 4,878 households. People here tend to establish livelihood through having businesses especially regarding agriculture and commerce. As shown in the data below as gathered information from the Barangay Profile, there is a huge percentage of people here in Calinan are only earning 5,000PhP below. Although 53.03% percent of the households are self-employed it seems that the incomes of the residents are very low.Figure 17Pie Chart of Monthly Gross Income of Households, 2010

LEED Rating System. Calinan Public Market needs a huge maintenance and recovering what is the best out of whats present could really be hard especially when the structure itself is deteriorating. The obvious holes in roofing, which is a huge problem when raining, are one of things that need action.In order to reduce the economic costs of maintenance, especially when replacing stuff like roofing, needs a resolution. The resolution is the resiliency of design. Resiliency of design means the stand of the building through time and time to time weather changes. It is incorporated with Environmental design which implicates the vision of a building that does minimal environmental impacts. Both of the design implication would be valuable to the redevelopment of the market.

TimeSignificance. Since most of the neighbouring establishments are commercial spaces, there is no need for consideration of historical preservation. However, the development shall take consider the nearby park which resided a few meters away from the market. Parks are very significant especially for a community; therefore the redevelopment shall take note its functional impact towards the park.Activities and Projections. In due time, the seasonal fruits and crops may affect the public markets performance. This will be a constant change that the market should take regard. Eventually, when the market is redeveloped, theres a huge possibility of increase of customers. These customers could come from nearby districts and communities.When it says the near future, the redevelopment shall be projected to be a hive of many consumers and customers. The said projection needs sufficient spaces and shall be flexible for additions.

Chapter IVCONCEPTS

FunctionService Grouping. Public Market generally classified along commercial services done by the government. Since the redevelopment will be adding food, lodging and transportation services aside from marketing, service grouping within the site will be implemented in ordering plans. Market Building is where the interaction of customers and vendors takes place. Generally, market building is sectioned into two: Wet and Dry sections. Since market building is the main focus of the redevelopment, it, thus, be considered one of the centralized service grouping along the abattoir, and bagsakan or food terminal, and storage. These structures help manage the marketing services of the market. Along this service is the commercial building.Food is vital for humans. The food services the market will be offering is an essential, knowing the market will be flooded by many market travellers, customers, and vendors every day. The huge percentage of people coming in will be an implication of many dietary energy intakes for food. After all, what is the market for? It is for food and other commodity. This service will be mainly accommodated by the food cove. Lodging service will be accommodated by the inn. The market, being in the metro of the sub-urban, made the place a usual stop of travellers. The residential accommodation the inn is serving is a vital. It will be hosting food services but only as a minor service since food services is offered by the Food cove.The focus may be the market but the addition of transportation makes the market redevelopment more mobilized. Transportation is very important in Calinan since it is a sub-urban area of Davao. The terminal will be responsible for providing care, maintenance and dispatching of the private and markets fleet of vehicles. These vehicles include trucks, haulers, L300 vans, tricycles, and motorcyles.People Grouping. The redevelopment will be housed by group of travellers, administrators, customers and vendors. The services the redevelopment offering will be completed by the administrators and vendors while the receivers of the services will be the customers and travellers.The number of customers and travellers is still undefinable since the current has no specific point of entry and exit. But knowing the population of Calinan and whole Davao, the redevelopment will be accommodating approximately a thousand of customers daily. These customers will be accommodated by combination of over 500 vendors and administrators.Activity Grouping. The redevelopment of the Public Market will be offering market, food, transportation, and lodging services. These services will be housed the structures that will be put up within the parameters of the Public Market itself.1. Market. The trading of the merchandise and other commodities is done here. This where the customers can purchase goods and the vendors can sell their commodities. The market will be sectioned into two the wet and the dry sections.2. Slaughterhouse/Abattoir. The meat production will never be possible without an area to butcher. The slaughterhouse is the area where animals were slaughtered then preceded to wet market section to be purchased by consumers.3. Bagsakan/Food Terminal. The bagsakan or the food terminal markets the wholesale trading of products such as fish, fruits, vegetables and other commodities.4. Commercial Building. The small private entrepreneurs can start up their business in this building. This building seeks to put up the local entrepreneurs and seeks not to operate franchise stores. It can also host offices. Building includes the City Economic Enterprise Office for ease of transaction and networking from other offices.5. Inn. The market inn will be operating due to the residential needs of the travellers stop. It will be mainly housing travellers.6. Transport Terminal. The terminal is responsible for the organization of market and peoples fleet of vehicles. Private transport groups of vans, jeepneys, motorcycles, and tricycles may use the terminal.Priority. Based on the survey gathered, two of the reasons the recommendations of the customers is only average towards the market is the low ratings on sanitation and security matters. Knowing the customers want to feel secured around the parameters and so as the feel of sanity, the redevelopment shall design with these values. The main reason of the development is to rehabilitate the current public market and push it towards helping the economic status of the community it settled which is the Calinan. Moreover, the redevelopment shall understand the need of proper disposal which should parallel to proper security. Along the need of being clean and safe, the redevelopment shall take into account sustainability and resiliency. Both principles are indeed the trend but it says and implicates so much more than just another trend. It allows the building to be environment friendly without obliterating the very purpose of building structures for the development of the community.Hierarchy. The redevelopment will be managed by the market administrator. Market administrator will be responsible for the implementation of rules and regulations of the public market, the assistance in the formulation of the budget for operations, the proposition and coordinating plans and programs for public markets and other responsibilities as stated in Senate Bill 1319 section 59. However, the main focus of the redevelopment which will take highest regard is the market building where market is being done. It is the core reason of putting up the project alongside the bagsakan, slaughterhouse, inn, foodcove and terminal.Security Controls. Since security is one of the priorities of the redevelopment, it shall then be regarded by proper design and integration of technology. Security may be concern because of the site environment, relating to a neighbourhood or community condition. Security measures in public places like the Public Market would be hard especially winding up the thought of making the development as open and inviting. Implementation of CCTV and surveillance systems on the site will be a factor of security tightening. Along integrated technologies are the implementation of rules and roving officers, and site lighting during nighttime.Sequential Flow1. Site Development

2. Market

3. Bagsakan

4. Slaughterhouse

5. Transport Terminal

6. Inn

7. Commercial Building

Separated Flow. Abattoir or the slaughterhouse shall be separated from the public view. Since it still needs the importing and exporting especially livestocks, it should have separated road networks along with the waste disposal collection. Moreover, the inn shall be as much as possible separate itself from too publicized places to avoid noise problems. Knowing that the inn is a place where the travellers could stay and rest, the concept of privacy shall be taken to account also.Functional Relationships1. Site Development

2. Market

3. Bagsakan

4. Slaughterhouse

5. Terminal

6. Inn

7. Commercial Stalls

Communications. The modernization of the era is really rapid making communication as fast as lightning. The development of technologies like internet made a huge impact on day to day communication. One example is email where one can send messages through the internet. Communications like this shall be taken to account in building up the development.Technology like computers may improve the dispatching and receiving of goods on the redevelopment. It can simplify the auditing of the office staffs. It can also maximize the time which then can be converted towards keeping the market intact with the customers since customers can come anytime.

FormEnhancements. The project is redevelopment of the current Public Market. Since the area will be extended filling up the whole block. The redevelopment will make a huge change for the area. Though there are areas that will be preserved but it would be just minimal since there are problems, huge problems that currently needing curing. One problem if the redevelopment takes place is the congestion of traffic. In order to solve the problem of congestion, the plan should be reorganized.

Special Foundations. The location of the redevelopment is within the range of a tropical country. It will experience only wet and dry seasons. This kind of climate supports the existence of many wild animals as well as insects like flies, mosquitoes, and vermins. Commonly, insects like flies infest markets since it is where waste is always present. Knowing the problem of the market, the redevelopment shall consider the problem. Proper waste management and discipline shall be implemented.Alongside the implementation of rules regarding sanitation, the improvement of the redevelopment shall take into account the climates dry season. With this, the redevelopment will consider sun baffles in its design and rainwater harvesting. The principles may eventually minimize operational costs through the time.

Density & Environmental Control. Based from the areas geological environment and the foregoing field findings, the property inspected is capable of accommodating most forms of development. The underlying lithology is generally a competent foundation material, capable of supporting light to moderate infrastructures (e.g. residential houses, small buildings, etc.). The geohazards identified in the area are ground shaking, flooding and possible volcanism. Ground shaking can be mitigated by the proper engineering designs of structures. As regards possible volcanism that is subject to official classification of Mt. Apo status by PHILVOCS, vigilance and alertness would be sufficient to prevent the loss of lives.Safety. Currently, Calinan may not be too dense like in the downtown area but being a sub-urban and metro of many local districts, Calinan may eventually increase its density. The redevelopments site is along the Davao-Bukidnon Road which is zoned as minor commercial zone. It is a flat development and there were no special features like trees on the site.Knowing the increasing demographic status of the location, the redevelopment shall put an allowance for the increase. Though the future may be vague, as an important development of the location, it shall view the perspective of looking forward whats about to happen. Crowding will likely to happen especially on peak seasons and holidays therefore, hallways and public passageways shall be designed accordingly.Neighbors. The redevelopment is a neighbor of many small to medium commercial establishments. Near the development are a bank, a police station, a supermarket, and a commercial strip. There are also on going constructions for commercial strips. Eventually, the public market will be surrounded by many commercial establishments that have the tendency to kill the market. The sad truth with competing with its neighboring is that the market does not have the strength, though it has assets, it is swallowed by its failures on sanity and other factors.In order to revitalize the area it shall be redeveloped into much modernized features and showcase itself without intending to kill other commercial establishments nearby. It shall then feature, free flow of traffic, safety and sanity. With its features, the market may earn millions and help the thriving community of Calinan as well as its local entrepreneurs and farmers.Homebase/Office Concepts. The parameters of the redevelopment is extended filling up the whole block along the Davao-Bukidnon Road. It will be settling on the minor commercial zoned land in Calinan and will be maintaining the actual face of being a Public Market. Its territorial domain may be as open as the word public may imply, but shall enclose its parameters also. The government will be funding the redevelopment and will be actually cautious for customers since it is them it is serving. Along public safety is its contribution to the community Davao as its very hometown.Orientation & Accessibility. The current public market is much known for its settlement in Honesto Garcia St. It is best in wayfinding Calinans metro. Since it is in the metro there are only a few good views since it is surrounded by commercial establishments. Only that, when the redevelopment will take up to two storeys and up, it may catch up the view of surrounding mountains. When the sun rises up the smallest side of the parameter may see it perfectly. However, it may be utilized to be seen if theres a proper design that will view it. The area it settled is accessible enough for tourists and local customers. Since it is alongside the road, the area is very visible and accessible. The public market shall retain its face of being public without intending to risk safety measures.Character & Quality Control. The client intends to make the public market a staple center of commercial and economic development in Calinan. It views that the redevelopment shall be the metro when it comes to entrepreneurship and business. It seeks to promote the local products through establishing a structure that is modernized and of high quality yet very warm for everyone, and economical.EconomyCost-Control. Cost of the