calorex. what we do, we do well
DESCRIPTION
Welcome to Calorex. This is what we do.TRANSCRIPT
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World Leaders in Heat Pump
Technology
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Agenda
• Company Profile
• Why heat pumps?
• Heat pump market
• What is a heat pump?
• How do they work?
• Ground and Air Source Heat Pumps
• Installing the equipment
• Running costs and carbon emissions
• Case Studies
• Other Products in the Calorex range
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• UK manufacturer and market leader
of heat pump technology
• Established 30 years
• Sold and Installed more Heat pumps in
UK than any other manufacturer
• Manufactured over 250,000 heat pumps to date
• 1,000,000 hours of measured performance data from UK
domestic heating installations!
• We were the FIRST manufacturer accredited under MCS
(Microgeneration Certification Scheme)
Calorex Profile
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Company Profile
• Based at 80,000 sq ft facility in Maldon Essex
• Currently producing circa 10,000 units pa
• Export circa 65% of finished goods
• £2m invested in R&D since 2005; ongoing
£0.75m p.a.
• Comprehensive GSHP and ASHP domestic
ranges designed for UK market conditions and
practices
• New flow line production facility for heat pump
manufacture to allow for output increase
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Calorex
Heat Pumps
Indoor
Swimming Pools
Environmental Climate
Control Systems.
Heat Recovery
&
Dehumidification
Outdoor
Swimming Pools
Air source
heat pumps
Portable
Equipment
Building Dryers
Air Conditioners
Air Movement
Domestic
Heating
Ground & Air source
Heat pumps
Dehumidification
Dehumidifiers
Humidifiers
Heat Recovery
Calorex Product
Applications
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Climate Change Agenda
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Climate Change Agenda
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Climate Change Agenda
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Micro-generation
Renewable Options
• Heat Pumps
– GSHP technology proven throughout Europe
– ASHP advances in technology have overcome the problems associated with earlier installations
• Solar Thermal
• Solar PV
• Wind
• Bio-Mass Boilers
• Micro - CHP units still only in limited field trials
- Performance & Reliability have been a problem, also noise
• Fuel cells not yet beyond laboratory trials – Commercialisation not before 2011?
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What is a Heat Pump?
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How Does it Work?
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Hot and Cold
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Electricity in
Heat out 1 kW
4 kW
3 kW
Solar energy from the earth
COP (Co-efficient Of Performance) = 4
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COP – Coefficient of Performance
COP = Total Heat Output
Energy Consumed
e.g. 8 kW Heat Energy Out
2 kW Energy Consumed
COP = 4
Efficiency = 400%
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COP = Coefficient of
Performance
COP = Total Heat Output
Energy Consumed
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Products in Calorex Range
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Renewable Energy Heat Pumps & Domestic Installations
• Heat Pumps are one of the fastest emerging
technologies in the Western world.
• Able to satisfy all renewable requirements / planning
caveats of housebuilder and/or social housing
provider
• UK Market rapidly gathering pace
• Calorex are market leaders in UK domestic heat
pump technology with circa 1000 installations
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Technology
• Heat Pumps are a fully developed technology.
• Markets in France, Germany and Austria have grown
strongly over last decade.
• Moving trend from GSHP to ASHP in main European
markets
• UK market set to follow European trends
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GSHP or ASHP? GSHP’s
• Ultimate heat pump performance
• Expensive ground works
• Best suited to new build
• Maintenance free operation
• Quiet and unobtrusive
ASHP’s
• At least 75% of GSHP performance for ~ 50% of the cost
• New build or refurbishment
• Easier to install than GSHP’s
• Retro-fit for immediate carbon savings
• Can be used in high rise dwellings
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Air & Ground Source Heat Pumps
and swimming pools
Applications
• Indoor pool - supply LPHW to AHU
• Indoor pool – pool water heating
• Outdoor pool – pool water heating
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AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS
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Air Source
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CALOREX ASHP
PRODUCT FEATURES
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Air Source Heat Pumps
• 4.5 kW
• 9.0 kW
• 12.0 kW
• 3-phase units to
100kW available
Range Designed Specifically
for UK Climatic conditions
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Calorex ASHP product features
• Dual temperature, simple controls, twin compressors
for larger units, single phase electrical installation,
comprehensive fault detection system: all as for
GSHP’s - Plus
• Oversized evaporator, optimised fin spacing and
Calorex designed control system resulting in a
reverse cycle defrost only 4 minutes per hour (93%
heating time) compared to typical average of 15
minutes (75% heating time)
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Calorex ASHP product features
• No freezing in damp conditions – an endemic problem
with imported models designed for dry Northern
European climates
• Large diameter low speed fan leading to exceptionally
low noise levels
• Epoxy coated evaporator fins to protect against air
borne pollutants
• Plastisol coated cabinet with lifetime guarantee
• WRAS approved heat exchangers
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• Designed to operate in UK ‘s temperate humid climates
• Small footprint units optimising space
• Simple and easy to install
• Single phase 240v supply
• Very low starting currents
• Twin compressors in larger models – Optimised efficiency
• Very low noise levels - super quiet
Calorex Product Features
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• Use R134A gas – Low operating pressure.
• Operate from -150C
• No defrost above 40C
• Reverse cycle 4 minute defrost (higher average COP)
• Provide space heating at 350C to 550C
• Units deliver DHW at 650C without electrical back up.
• Work with radiators or underfloor heating
• Standard Central heating Controls
Calorex Product Features
Independently tested to EN 14511 by BSRIA
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Calorex Product Range
Ground source heat pumps Air source heat pumps
Output COP
brine on 0oC; output to
water 35oC
Output COP
air on 7oC; output to
water 35oC
3.5kW 4.53 4.50kW 3.43
5.0kW 4.53 9.0kW 3.54
8.0kW 4.14 12.0kW 3.65
12.0kW 4.31 Above COP’s include full defrost cycles
EN14511*
standard 3.50
EN14511*
standard 3.20
* UK Microgeneration certification scheme standard
Source:- BSRIA
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V2 Model V2 and V1 Models
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INSTALLING THE EQUIPMENT
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ASHP Installation
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Siting the unit
>0.15m >3.0m
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GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMPS
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Hot and Cold
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Range
3.5kW
5.0kW
8.0kW
12.0kW
25.0kW
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Ground Source
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Electricity in
Heat out 1 kW
4 kW
3 kW
Solar energy from the earth
COP (Co-efficient Of Performance) = 4
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Ground Source Heat Pumps
• Amplified/ Upgraded - Heat from the Earth!
• Available EVERYWHERE in the UK
• Totally Renewable
• Totally Sustainable
• Replenished naturally via Solar energy
• Proven technology
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Types of Ground Systems
• Open loop
• Water extracted from ground and
discharged back at second point
• Closed loop
• Water circulated
• Evaporator installed direct in ground,
refrigerant circulated
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Loop Configurations
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Ground Source Heat Pump
with a swimming pool AHU
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• GSHP providing LPHW at 55oC in place of conventional boiler
• Output of LPHW coils reduced, usually flow temperature 80oC.
• 50% of rated output!!
• Need to check changed capacity against building and pool
heat loads
• Calorex are only company that can offer complete 100% heat
pump only solution for an indoor pool
• Good viable solution, particularly off gas network
Ground Source Heat Pump
with a swimming pool AHU
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GSHP & Variheat
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ASHP & Variheat
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GSHP for Indoor Pool
Water Heating • Operational heat losses of pool made up from recovered energy
if using heat pump heat recovery AHU
• Only water heat load comes from back wash of filters and
dilution for chemical treatment
• Heat up from cold done rarely
• Cost prohibitive to size GSHP for rapid heat up time.
• Limited usage if installed just for limited pool water heat load
• GSHP combined with other loads e.g. pool hall air heating, main
dwelling space heating would be OK
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GSHP for Outdoor
Pool • Summer Season; March - October
• Use Air Source Heat Pump; e.g. Calorex 29 or 31 range
• COP of GSHP fixed at 4
• COP of ASHP variable from 4 when air at 10oC to 6 with
air at 25oC
• Installation cost of ASHP cheaper than GSHP
• Running cost of ASHP cheaper than GSHP
• Conclusion - Install ASHP
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Funding
• Microgeneration Certification scheme - MCS
– Approved product + approved installer
– ASHP £900
– GSHP £1200
• CERT – Energy supplier
• Carbon Trust Loan
– Interest free loan over 4 years
– Payback based on energy saving achieved
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Borehole
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Ground Loop
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Installing the
Ground Loop
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Installing the
Ground Loop
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Pressure Test
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Grouting
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Grouting the Borehole
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Horizontal Ground Loop
• Requires more space
• More suited to new build
• Less stable ground
temperature; can be less
efficient
• Cost saving if site
contractor lays the pipes
• 5kW = 2 x 40m trenches at
5m spacing
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Horizontal Slinky
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Horizontal Loops
25kW GSHP
8 x 50m trenches all 5m apart
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GSHP System Characteristics
• Building - Thermal characteristics and user load requirements for heating and DHW
• Heat Pump - Output matched to load requirements of building
• Ground Loop - Designed to provide renewable energy in line with requirements of the building load and heat pump
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GSHP System Schematic
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12kW Installation 3 x 65m boreholes
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External retro fit Installation
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Air Source Heat Pumps
Range
• 4.5 kW
• 9.0 kW
• 12.0 kW
• Up to 70kW 3-ph
Range designed specifically
for UK climatic conditions
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Pro Pac Range
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Summary
• 1kWh of electricity can deliver over 4kWh of renewable
energy from the ground
• Proven technology with case studies to back up
performance
• The lowest running cost system for “off gas” network
areas
• Huge savings on running costs
• Huge savings on CO2 emissions
• Long life, low maintenance, sustainable technology.
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Calorex ASHP product features
• Designed to operate in UK ‘s temperate humid climate
• Oversized evaporator, optimised fin spacing and Calorex designed control system resulting in a reverse cycle defrost only 4 minutes per hour (93% heating time)
• Typical average defrost of 15 minutes (75% heating time)
• Dual temperature – CH (radiators or underfloor) & DHW
• Simple controls - standard central heating controls
• Twin compressors for larger units – optimised efficiency
• Single phase electrical installation - low starting currents
• Large diameter low speed fan leading to exceptionally low noise levels - super quiet
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System Design
Considerations
Heating Requirement
• Accurate assessment of design day heat
loss of dwelling required
• SAP calculation for new build and major
refurbishment
• Refurbishment project - Insulate first
• Latest Part ‘L’ Buildings coming out at
35-40 W/m2
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System Design
Considerations
Heating system design
• Flow temperature - Range: 35 to 55oC
• Radiator sizes; Reduced output DT30; factor = 0.51
• Under-floor; design outputs – 50-60W/m2
• Flow rates - Vital to HP performance
• Heat Pump cycling - System water volumes
• Buffer Tanks
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Installation Issues
• Location of Heat Pump – air flow or access to ground loop
• Location of cylinders – DHW & buffer
• Electrical power supply
– Starting loads – single or 3-phase
• Conventional plumbing components
• Controls – integration of other heat sources and renewables
• Circulating pump sizing
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Under-floor Installation
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Bi-Valent System
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Dual Heat Pumps
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RUNNING COST AND EMISSIONS
SAVINGS
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Cost Comparisons
Energy Costs
• Gas = 3.3 p/kWh
• Elec = 10.2 p/kWh
• Oil = 37p/litre = 3.7p/kWh
COP against 93% efficient gas boiler
Heat = 3.3/0.93 = 3.55 p/kWh
COP = 10.2/3.55 = 2.87
COP against 60% efficient oil boiler
Heat = 3.7/0.6 = 6.17 p/kWh
COP = 10.2/6.17 = 1.65
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Performance of Heat Pump
Type Air/Water
on
Water off Heat
Output
COP
12kW ASHP 5oC 40oC 11.2kW 3.2
12kW ASHP 5oC 55oC 10.3kW 2.4
12kW
GSHP
3oC 40oC 13.5kW 4.2
12kW
GSHP
3oC 55oC 13.0kW 3.1
Estimated seasonal performance
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Running Cost savings
Source:- EON
Avaerage Annual Fuel Cost Comparison 100m2 New Build. - Underfloor Heating - Calorex August 2008
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
GSH
P
GSH
P(E7)
ASHP
ASHP (E
7)
Electric
Elec.(E
7)
Gas
(Con
d)
Oil
LPG
Solid
Fuel C
ost (
£ p
a)
Space Htg
HWS
Cooking
Ltg.+Pwr
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Carbon Emissions savings
Source:- EON
Comparison of Average Annual CO2 Emissions - 100m2 New Build. - Underfloor Heating - Calorex August 2008
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
8500
9000
9500
10000
10500
11000
11500
12000
GSH
P
GSH
P(E7)
ASH
P
ASH
P (E
7)
Electric
Elec.(E
7)
Gas
(Cond)
Oil
LPG
Solid
Annual C
O2 E
mis
sio
ns (k
g)
Space Htg
HWS
Cooking
Ltg.+Pw r
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Why use a heat pump?
• Environmentally friendly
• Lower running costs
• COP always greater than 1
• Energy efficient means of heating
• Will operate from domestic power supplies
• Simple Installation
• Reliable – Long working life
• Very low maintenance
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Advantages of
Heat Pump v Boiler • Energy efficient
• Easy to install
• No flues or ducting
• No oil tank or LPG cylinder
• No fumes odours or smoke
• Simple controls
• Low maintenance requirements
• Corrosion resistant construction
• Reliable
• Long working life
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Funding • Microgeneration Certification scheme - MCS
– Approved product + approved installer
– Domestic properties – ASHP £900 & GSHP £1200, max £2500 per property
• CERT – carbon emission reduction target
– Funding via energy suppliers
– Applies to GSHPs only, not currently ASHPs – Up to 85% subsidy depending on Carbon saving e.g. coal fired boiler
• Carbon Trust Loan – Interest free loan over 4 years – Payback based on energy saving achieved
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Case Studies
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Metropolitan Housing Trust Nottingham
Braddock Row Development
• New sheltered housing scheme
• 10 individual 2-bed properties
• High standard of insulation, better than part L
• Borehole for each property
• Heating via under-floor system
• Heat pump also providing hot water
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Metropolitan Housing Trust Nottingham
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Penwith District Council Penzance, Cornwall
Project summary
• Refurbishment of existing
housing stock
• Conversion from coal fired
boiler to GSHP
• Insulation standard of
properties improved
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Penwith District Council
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Penwith District Council Heat Pump Location
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Penwith District Council Hot Water Cylinder Location
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Westlea Housing Assoc.
Withybed, Wiltshire
Project Summary
• New Build
• Well insulated
• Six houses
• Semi- detached
• Under-floor heating
• Calorex 5000DT 5.0kW GSHP
• 2 x 50m boreholes per property
• Providing space & water heating
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Flintshire County Council
Caerwys, N. Wales
• 15 x 2 bed bungalows
• Upgraded insulation
• 5kW GSHP
• Radiators
• Central Oil boiler
• Community Centre with
9kW ASHP
• Providing space & hot
water heating
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Project Summary
• Retrofit Project
• 15 x 1-bed semi-detached bungalows
• Floor area 40m2
• Heat loss 2.8kW
• Calorex 3500 3.5kW GSHP
• Single 80m borehole per property
• Replaced electric heating
• Project specified and managed by NPS Property Consultants
Mid-Suffolk District Council
Stradbrooke, Suffolk
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Case Study - ASHP
Westleigh Developments North Luffenham
• New Build
• Social housing
• CfSH level 3
• 3-bed Semi
• Single 9kW ASHP
• Heating by Radiators
• All CH & DHW
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Westleigh Developments North Luffenham
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Case Study - ASHP
David Wilson Homes Horley, Surrey
• Social Housing - New build
• 2-bed flats
• CfSH – Code level 3
• Ground & 1st Floor – ASHP
• Heating by Radiators & DHW
• 2nd Floor – Solar Thermal
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David Wilson Homes Horley, Surrey
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St Cedds School
Chelmsford
• 3 Classroom Block
• 12kW GSHP
• 3 x 65m Boreholes
• Underfloor heating
• DHW for toilets
• Alternative was gas
main across school to
local boiler
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GSHP or ASHP? GSHP’s
• Ultimate heat pump performance
• Expensive ground works
• Best suited to new build
• Maintenance free operation
• Quiet and unobtrusive
ASHP’s
• At least 75% of GSHP performance for ~ 50% of the cost
• New build or refurbishment
• Easier to install than GSHP’s
• Retro-fit for immediate carbon savings
• Can be used in high rise dwellings
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Summary
• Manufactured in UK by British Company
• Designed specifically for UK Domestic market
• Provides both space and water heating without the
need for supplementary water heating
• Works with under floor heating or radiators
• Controlled using central heating programmer
• Compatible with both new build and existing homes -
dependent on thermal specification
• Technical & Service support from existing Calorex
field service engineers
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Heat Pumps
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Dehumidifiers
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Traditional Successful Markets
Hire.
• Flood damage drying out.
• Building drying-i.e. plaster, Floor screed etc.
• Tank drying.
• Drying out of products-i.e. timber , food and Hygroscopic
materials when required.
• Temporary environmental control for conditioning Materials
before process production.
• ?
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Traditional Successful Markets
FIXED-Storage and Keep Dry
• Material storage-warehouse-Museums
• Paper-steel-plasterboard-timber
• Process drying
• Timber-food-Pharmaceutical production, when specialist
manufacturing require specific relative humidity/control for
a given product being manufactured.
• Keep dry
• Sports halls/gyms-Electrical sub-stations-Clothes drying
rooms-cellars and basements.
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Hire Applications
Flood Damage
Drying out after flood
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Hire Applications
Keep Dry
- Storage
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Applications for
Refrigerant Dehumidifiers Storage Paper
Leather
Wood
Metals
Vintage cars
Museums Artefacts – Manuscripts - Paintings
General Offices – Laundry – Kitchens
Electrical Switchroom
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Applications
• Condensation Pumping stations - Basements
• Drying Rooms Fire stations - Outdoor activities
• Process Drying Timber - Ceramics - Confectionery
• Swimming Pools Domestic – Commercial - Municipal
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Storage
Storage Condition 55%RH
• Finished Products
• Raw materials
• Paper
• Cardboard
• Leather
• Textiles
• Wood
• Metals
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Steel Storage
Corrosion will
almost completely
stop at humidity
levels of 50 %RH
or less.
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Car Storage
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Storage Sizing
Small Unheated Storage Areas
Maintained at 60% RH or Less
For Well Constructed Buildings, Not Extremely Exposed
To Prevailing Winds
Up to 75m³ (2,648ft³) DH 15 AX or FD15
Up to 150m³ (5,297ft³) DH 30 AX or FD 30 AX
Up to 350m³ (12,359ft³) DH 60 AX or HD 500 AX
Up to 500m³ (17,655ft³) DH 75 AX
Up to 750m³ (26,483ft³) DH 110 AX
Up to 1000m³ (35,310ft³) DH150 AX
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Museums
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Electrical Switchgear
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Condensation Pumping Stations
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Drying Rooms
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Drying Rooms
Outdoor Activity Centres
Water Sports Centres
Police Stations
Council Depots
Building Sites
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Drying Room Sizing Typical unit selections for a fire station drying room
Dehumidifier Number of People using Drying Room
Calorex DH15AX up to approx 6 - 7 sets of clothing
Calorex DH30A up to approx 12 - 15 sets of clothing
Calorex DH60A up to approx 25 - 30 sets of clothing
These unit selections are based on the following assumptions: -
Drying Time; Overnight period of 12-16 hours
Room Temperature; Heated to a minimum of 18oC
Ventilation; No additional mechanical ventilation.
NB small extract fan to be fitted for dilution of odours
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Product Drying
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Portable Dehumidifiers
PD 150 AX
PD 300 AX
PD 600 AX
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• DH150GXF
• DH600BY
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OTW15 •Wall Mounted
•Tamper Proof Controls
•Inbuilt Hygrostat
•Inbuilt air filter
•Hot Gas defrost as
standard
•Through wall version
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DH30/60
•Wall or floor Mounted
•LPHW or Electrical
heating optional
•Hot Gas defrost optional
•Through wall version
•Robust attractive cabinet
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DH75/110 •Floor Mounted
•Hot Gas defrost standard
•Optional LPHW heating
•Optional remote control
•Through wall version
•IP45 rated attractive,
aluminium cabinet
•Hygrostat included
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DH150/300/600
•Hot Gas defrost standard
•Adjustable air supply
turning ducts
•Hygrostat included
•IP45 rated attractive,
aluminium cabinet
•Optional LPHW heating
•Optional remote control
•Optional return air filters
•Optional Condensate pump
•Electrical soft-start kits
•Floor Mounted
•Compressor time delay
•Fully automatic controls
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Generic
Humidity of less than 35%RH
Low dew point conditions
Low temperatures, especially combined with low
humidity.
Single pass air flow applications
Applications for
Desiccant
Dehumidifiers
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Applications for Desiccant
Dehumidifiers
• Pharmaceutical production, packaging, storage, testing and research
• Photographic/film archive stores
• Pneumatic conveying of powders
• Pumping stations
• Confectionary production and packing
• Food production
• Clean rooms
• Electronics manufacture
• Cold stores
• Seed storage
• Drying & corrosion prevention inside power station turbines
• Injection moulding machines
• Tank drying
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Pharmaceutical
Clean room
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Food Production
Production Areas Packing Areas
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Process Industries
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Electronics Manufacture
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DehuTech Family
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DehuTech
8000
Capacities
range from
0.6kg/h to over
126kg/h
Custom built
units also
available to
clients design
requirements
![Page 132: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
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Advantages of
Heat Pump v Boiler
• Energy efficient
• Easy to install
• No flues or ducting
• No oil tank or LPG cylinder
• No fumes odours or smoke
• Simple controls
• Low maintenance requirements
• Corrosion resistant construction
• Reliable
• Long working life
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Heat Pumps
for
Outdoor Swimming Pools
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Domestic Pools
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Air to Water
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Running Costs
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Hotel Pools
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Pro Pac 8-12-16-22
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Pro Pac Range
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Pro Pac Outdoor Units • Key features at a glance
• Capacities from 43kW to 140kW
• Fully automatic operation
• Zero ozone depleting R407C refrigerant – ensures reliable, efficient
• operation regardless of air temperature
• Reverse cycle defrost option available
• Soft start option available
• Scroll compressors
• Water flow switch
• Comprehensive circuit protection
• Designed and manufactured in the EU to CE & ISO 9001 standards
• Upflow fans/top discharge
• Digetal close control thermostat
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Sizing of Heat Pump
Heat Pumps are sized to maintain the required water temperature at
coldest time of year pool is to be used
• Questionnaire
• Pool surface area
• Water temperature
• Pool cover
• Usage
• Hours per day
• Length of year
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Indoor Pools
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Fundamental Requirements
of any swimming pool
• WATER HEATING
Replenish pool water heat losses
• AIR HEATING
Replenish/maintain pool air above pool temperature
• DEHUMIDIFICATION
Remove moisture from pool hall air
• FRESH AIR
Ventilate at minimum acceptable rates to dilute CO & airborne chemical build up ( also to create negative pressure)
• SUMMERTIME COOLING
To remove solar heat gains
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What do indoor
swimming pools require?
1. A pool temperature of between 28ºC and 30ºC (for leisure use) to make swimming pools suitable for swimmers
2. Pool hall air at 1ºC above pool temperature to minimise evaporation of pool water
to minimise transmission loss to air
to provide a comfortable condition for occupants
3. Relative Humidity of 55-65%RH to prevent condensation and damage to building
to provide a comfortable condition for occupants
4. Ventilation at 10 litres/sec/person or
3 litres/sec/m2 pool area Dilute CO2 build up
reduce airborne chemical build up
eliminate odours
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Affects of Uncontrolled Humidity
• Personal discomfort
• Structural damage
• Damage to fabric, fixtures and fittings
• Mildew and mould growth
• Condensation
• Increased operation costs
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Calorex Systems
• Based on heat pump dehumidifiers
• Recovery of Latent heat
• Recovered heat returned to air or water
• Air re-circulated
• Fresh air introduced when required
• Units available for all pool sizes from small domestic to
Olympic sized public pools
• Stand alone units to fully packaged AHUs
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Fridge dehum
schematic
![Page 149: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
Advantages of Calorex
• Specifically designed for swimming pools
• Wide product range
• Comprehensive range of options
• Established reputation
• High quality and reliability
• Excellent product support, before & after sale
• Continuous product development
• All units factory tested prior to despatch
![Page 150: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
Indoor Domestic Pools
![Page 151: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
DH 33
Vaporex DH33
![Page 152: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
DH 55
Vaporex DH55
![Page 153: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
Monitair DH44
![Page 154: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/154.jpg)
Monitair DH66
![Page 155: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
Monitiar DH44/66 dehumidifier
features • Super Quiet!!!
• Family design
• Horizontal Scroll compressor
• High efficiency – low running costs
• Air outlet grille can be fixed in horizontal or vertical position
• Easy to transport
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DH 44/66 features …
• Replaceable drip tray
• Flexible drip tray and electric connections
• LPHW models now include the heating valve and 12 V
remote thermostat connection
• Wall mounting or floor standing – unit supplied with wall
brackets and floor standing kit with adjustable feet.
• Premium product for the high-end of the market
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Monitair DH75 & 110
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DH75 & 110 Options
• 8.9kW LPHW Air Heater
• ‘Through The Wall’ model
Features
• Integral humidistat
• Low temperature operation, hot gas defrost as standard
• Latest HFC R407c refrigerant
• High efficiency
• Low noise levels
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Domestic Pools
- Ducted Systems
![Page 160: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/160.jpg)
Ducted Systems
• Larger domestic pools
• Smaller commercial pools e.g. hotels, leisure clubs
• Ducted air distribution systems
• Additional features included
• Packaged units for easy installation
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Air Distribution
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Variheat
Series 3
Vertical
Configuration
![Page 163: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/163.jpg)
Calorex Variheat Series 3
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Variheat Series 3
• High efficiency and heat recovery
• R407c refrigerant
• Air to air & air to water models
• Wide range of capacities - larger than Series II
• Flexible design suitable for most plant rooms
• Heating & fresh air options
• Remote control panel
• Removable drip tray for easy cleaning
• Ability to operate in a variety of indoor temps.
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The model range
• AA - Air to Air units
• simple air to air heat pump
dehumidifiers
• dehumidification with heat
recovery to air
• model range:
AA600/900/1200/1500
• air heating and fresh air options
• single & three phase options
• AW - Air to Water units
• air to water heat pumps
• dehumidification with heat recovery
to air & water
• primary heating coils
• model range:
AW600/900/1200/1500
• air heating and fresh air options
• single & three phase options
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Flexible design
Refrigeration moduleconsists of:
complete refrigeration cct.
primary water heat exch.
Fan moduleconsists of:
main fan
primary air heat exch.
fresh air module
elec. resistance
air heating
module
Additional modules
(extra cost)
External condensing units
(extra cost)
inc. mods. to Variheat plus
remote condensing unit
Modular design
Modular design allows:
• vertical & horizontal configurations
• dimensions allow easy access through doorways
• large choice of outlet options
• ability to add optional modules after installation
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Vertical configuration
Front, rear, top,
and side outlets
possible
Bottom outlet
(downdraft)
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Horizontal
configuration
Front, rear, top, bottom,
and side outlets possible
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Fresh air option • Air flow rates from
150m³/hr. to 300m³/hr.
• Powered extract fan &
dampers controlled by
thermostat & humidistat
• Damper settings create
slight negative pressure in
pool hall
• Fitted at machine air inlet
• Can be rotated to suit
connection to duct work
• 20Pa external fan pressure
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12V Remote control
panel • Power switch
• Fresh air flow switch to
control damper settings
• Controllers with L.E.D.
displays for air ºC &
%RH, water ºC*
• Neon indication lamps
• Time-clock with battery
back-up
• Multi-pin electrical
connection inside
Variheat
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Control functions
• Interface with boiler for LPHW demand
• Interface with filtration pump for operation with dehumidification
demand
• Night set back air temperature for energy savings
• Facility for connecting a remote override switch
• Hot gas defrost mechanism
1/ allowing lower unoccupied pool air temps. and the resultant
energy savings
2/ enables use in non-pool applications e.g. industrial/commercial
storage
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Specifications
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Commercial Pools
![Page 174: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/174.jpg)
Commercial Pools
• E.g. Hotel, school and leisure club pools
• Higher usage
• Longer hours
• More occupants
• Greater requirement for fresh air
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Calorex Delta System
![Page 176: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/176.jpg)
Delta - internal view
![Page 177: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/177.jpg)
Fresh air openings
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Municipal swimming pools
Public Pools
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Public Pools
• Large surface area
• High usage
• Long hours
• Additional water features
• Large number of occupants
• Spectators
• Greater requirement for fresh air
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Calorex HRD
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HRD – internal view
![Page 182: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/182.jpg)
HRD Schematic
![Page 183: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/183.jpg)
HRD at Kimbolton
School
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Benefits of HRD • HRD controls air temp, water temp, humidity and fresh air introduction
• Pool hall air re-circulated
• Fresh air modulated to keep to minimum
• Fresh air volume dependant on air temp, humidity or occupancy (AQ/CO2) sensor
• Fresh air volume of up to 72% of re-circulated volume
• Energy saving due to latent heat recovery
• Heat recovery to water and air
• Heat recovery to water sufficient to make up all of operational pool water heat losses
• Save 30-40% of running cost compared to recuperator based system with variable fresh air
• Significant reduction in associated CO2 emissions
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Benefits of HRD
• Compact size
• Fully packaged unit including controls
• Controls can be stand alone or utilise local BMS controller
• Smaller LPHW air heater required due to lower fresh air volumes
• Boiler capacity required therefore reduced compared to AHU with recuperator
• Associated project costs lower:-
• Boiler
• Controls
• Plant room space
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Sizing of Heat Pump
Dehumidifier
Dehumidifiers are sized to cope with the average evaporation from a
pool over a 24 hour period and maintain the correct humidity,
usually 60%RH.
Fresh air is used to assist with humidity loads at times of peak usage.
Factors that influence selection are:-
• Pool surface area
• Water temperature
• Air temperature
• Pool hall volume
• Building heat losses and gains
• Pool cover
• Usage
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Renewable Energy Heat Pumps & Domestic Installations
• Heat Pumps are one of the fastest emerging
technologies in the Western world.
• Able to satisfy all renewable requirements / planning
caveats of housebuilder and/or social housing
provider
• UK Market rapidly gathering pace
• Calorex are market leaders in UK domestic heat
pump technology with circa 1000 installations
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Technology
• Heat Pumps are a fully developed technology.
• Markets in France, Germany and Austria have grown
strongly over last decade.
• Moving trend from GSHP to ASHP in main European
markets
• UK market set to follow European trends
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GSHP or ASHP? GSHP’s
• Ultimate heat pump performance
• Expensive ground works
• Best suited to new build
• Maintenance free operation
• Quiet and unobtrusive
ASHP’s
• At least 75% of GSHP performance for ~ 50% of the cost
• New build or refurbishment
• Easier to install than GSHP’s
• Retro-fit for immediate carbon savings
• Can be used in high rise dwellings
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Air & Ground Source Heat Pumps
and swimming pools
Applications
• Indoor pool - supply LPHW to AHU
• Indoor pool – pool water heating
• Outdoor pool – pool water heating
![Page 191: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/191.jpg)
AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS
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Air Source
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CALOREX ASHP
PRODUCT FEATURES
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Air Source Heat Pumps
• 4.5 kW
• 9.0 kW
• 12.0 kW
• 3-phase units to
100kW available
Range Designed Specifically
for UK Climatic conditions
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Calorex ASHP product features
• Dual temperature, simple controls, twin compressors
for larger units, single phase electrical installation,
comprehensive fault detection system: all as for
GSHP’s - Plus
• Oversized evaporator, optimised fin spacing and
Calorex designed control system resulting in a
reverse cycle defrost only 4 minutes per hour (93%
heating time) compared to typical average of 15
minutes (75% heating time)
![Page 196: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/196.jpg)
Calorex ASHP product features
• No freezing in damp conditions – an endemic problem
with imported models designed for dry Northern
European climates
• Large diameter low speed fan leading to exceptionally
low noise levels
• Epoxy coated evaporator fins to protect against air
borne pollutants
• Plastisol coated cabinet with lifetime guarantee
• WRAS approved heat exchangers
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• Designed to operate in UK ‘s temperate humid climates
• Small footprint units optimising space
• Simple and easy to install
• Single phase 240v supply
• Very low starting currents
• Twin compressors in larger models – Optimised efficiency
• Very low noise levels - super quiet
Calorex Product Features
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• Use R134A gas – Low operating pressure.
• Operate from -150C
• No defrost above 40C
• Reverse cycle 4 minute defrost (higher average COP)
• Provide space heating at 350C to 550C
• Units deliver DHW at 650C without electrical back up.
• Work with radiators or underfloor heating
• Standard Central heating Controls
Calorex Product Features
Independently tested to EN 14511 by BSRIA
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Calorex Product Range
Ground source heat pumps Air source heat pumps
Output COP
brine on 0oC; output to
water 35oC
Output COP
air on 7oC; output to
water 35oC
3.5kW 4.53 4.50kW 3.43
5.0kW 4.53 9.0kW 3.54
8.0kW 4.14 12.0kW 3.65
12.0kW 4.31 Above COP’s include full defrost cycles
EN14511*
standard 3.50
EN14511*
standard 3.20
* UK Microgeneration certification scheme standard
Source:- BSRIA
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V2 Model V2 and V1 Models
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INSTALLING THE EQUIPMENT
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ASHP Installation
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Siting the unit
>0.15m >3.0m
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GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMPS
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Hot and Cold
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Range
3.5kW
5.0kW
8.0kW
12.0kW
25.0kW
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Ground Source
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Electricity in
Heat out 1 kW
4 kW
3 kW
Solar energy from the earth
COP (Co-efficient Of Performance) = 4
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Ground Source Heat Pumps
• Amplified/ Upgraded - Heat from the Earth!
• Available EVERYWHERE in the UK
• Totally Renewable
• Totally Sustainable
• Replenished naturally via Solar energy
• Proven technology
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Types of Ground Systems
• Open loop
• Water extracted from ground and
discharged back at second point
• Closed loop
• Water circulated
• Evaporator installed direct in ground,
refrigerant circulated
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Loop Configurations
![Page 212: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/212.jpg)
Air & Ground Source Heat Pumps
and swimming pools
Applications
• Indoor pool - supply LPHW to AHU
• Indoor pool – pool water heating
• Outdoor pool – pool water heating
![Page 213: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/213.jpg)
Ground Source Heat Pump
with a swimming pool AHU
![Page 214: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/214.jpg)
• GSHP providing LPHW at 55oC in place of conventional boiler
• Output of LPHW coils reduced, usually flow temperature 80oC.
• 50% of rated output!!
• Need to check changed capacity against building and pool
heat loads
• Calorex are only company that can offer complete 100% heat
pump only solution for an indoor pool
• Good viable solution, particularly off gas network
Ground Source Heat Pump
with a swimming pool AHU
![Page 215: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/215.jpg)
GSHP & Variheat
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ASHP & Variheat
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GSHP for Indoor Pool
Water Heating • Operational heat losses of pool made up from recovered energy
if using heat pump heat recovery AHU
• Only water heat load comes from back wash of filters and
dilution for chemical treatment
• Heat up from cold done rarely
• Cost prohibitive to size GSHP for rapid heat up time.
• Limited usage if installed just for limited pool water heat load
• GSHP combined with other loads e.g. pool hall air heating, main
dwelling space heating would be OK
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GSHP for Outdoor
Pool • Summer Season; March - October
• Use Air Source Heat Pump; e.g. Calorex 29 or 31 range
• COP of GSHP fixed at 4
• COP of ASHP variable from 4 when air at 10oC to 6 with
air at 25oC
• Installation cost of ASHP cheaper than GSHP
• Running cost of ASHP cheaper than GSHP
• Conclusion - Install ASHP
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Funding
• Microgeneration Certification scheme - MCS
– Approved product + approved installer
– ASHP £900
– GSHP £1200
• CERT – Energy supplier
• Carbon Trust Loan
– Interest free loan over 4 years
– Payback based on energy saving achieved
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Summary
• 1kWh of electricity can deliver over 4kWh of renewable
energy from the ground
• Proven technology with case studies to back up
performance
• The lowest running cost system for “off gas” network
areas
• Huge savings on running costs
• Huge savings on CO2 emissions
• Long life, low maintenance, sustainable technology.
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Summary
• Manufactured in UK by British Company
• Designed specifically for UK Domestic market
• Provides both space and water heating without the
need for supplementary water heating
• Works with under floor heating, radiators or pool units
• Controlled using central heating programmer
• Compatible with both new build and existing homes -
dependent on thermal specification
• Technical & Service support from existing Calorex
field service engineers
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Borehole
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Ground Loop
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Installing the
Ground Loop
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Installing the
Ground Loop
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Pressure Test
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Grouting
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Grouting the Borehole
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Horizontal Ground Loop
• Requires more space
• More suited to new build
• Less stable ground
temperature; can be less
efficient
• Cost saving if site
contractor lays the pipes
• 5kW = 2 x 40m trenches at
5m spacing
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Horizontal Slinky
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Horizontal Loops
25kW GSHP
8 x 50m trenches all 5m apart
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GSHP System Characteristics
• Building - Thermal characteristics and user load requirements for heating and DHW
• Heat Pump - Output matched to load requirements of building
• Ground Loop - Designed to provide renewable energy in line with requirements of the building load and heat pump
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GSHP System Schematic
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12kW Installation 3 x 65m boreholes
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External retro fit Installation
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Air Source Heat Pumps
Range
• 4.5 kW
• 9.0 kW
• 12.0 kW
• Up to 70kW 3-ph
Range designed specifically
for UK climatic conditions
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Air Source
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Annual Ground and Air Temperature fluctuations - UK
Source; Earth Energy Ltd
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Defrosting issues
This products designed to work at -20oC in their home climate!
However, installed in UK can’t cope with January day
Defrosting 48 min in every hour!!
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Calorex ASHP product features
• Designed to operate in UK ‘s temperate humid climate
• Oversized evaporator, optimised fin spacing and Calorex designed control system resulting in a reverse cycle defrost only 4 minutes per hour (93% heating time)
• Typical average defrost of 15 minutes (75% heating time)
• Dual temperature – CH (radiators or underfloor) & DHW
• Simple controls - standard central heating controls
• Twin compressors for larger units – optimised efficiency
• Single phase electrical installation - low starting currents
• Large diameter low speed fan leading to exceptionally low noise levels - super quiet
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System Design
Considerations
Heating Requirement
• Accurate assessment of design day heat
loss of dwelling required
• SAP calculation for new build and major
refurbishment
• Refurbishment project - Insulate first
• Latest Part ‘L’ Buildings coming out at
35-40 W/m2
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System Design
Considerations
Heating system design
• Flow temperature - Range: 35 to 55oC
• Radiator sizes; Reduced output DT30; factor = 0.51
• Under-floor; design outputs – 50-60W/m2
• Flow rates - Vital to HP performance
• Heat Pump cycling - System water volumes
• Buffer Tanks
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Installation Issues
• Location of Heat Pump – air flow or access to ground loop
• Location of cylinders – DHW & buffer
• Electrical power supply
– Starting loads – single or 3-phase
• Conventional plumbing components
• Controls – integration of other heat sources and renewables
• Circulating pump sizing
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ASHP Monovalent System
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Under-floor Installation
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Bi-Valent System
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Bi-Valent System
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Dual Heat Pumps
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RUNNING COST AND EMISSIONS
SAVINGS
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Cost Comparisons
Energy Costs
• Gas = 3.3 p/kWh
• Elec = 10.2 p/kWh
• Oil = 37p/litre = 3.7p/kWh
COP against 93% efficient gas boiler
Heat = 3.3/0.93 = 3.55 p/kWh
COP = 10.2/3.55 = 2.87
COP against 60% efficient oil boiler
Heat = 3.7/0.6 = 6.17 p/kWh
COP = 10.2/6.17 = 1.65
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Performance of Heat Pump
Type Air/Water
on
Water off Heat
Output
COP
12kW ASHP 5oC 40oC 11.2kW 3.2
12kW ASHP 5oC 55oC 10.3kW 2.4
12kW
GSHP
3oC 40oC 13.5kW 4.2
12kW
GSHP
3oC 55oC 13.0kW 3.1
Estimated seasonal performance
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Running Cost savings
Source:- EON
Avaerage Annual Fuel Cost Comparison 100m2 New Build. - Underfloor Heating - Calorex August 2008
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
GSH
P
GSH
P(E7)
ASHP
ASHP (E
7)
Electric
Elec.(E
7)
Gas
(Con
d)
Oil
LPG
Solid
Fuel C
ost (
£ p
a)
Space Htg
HWS
Cooking
Ltg.+Pwr
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Carbon Emissions savings
Source:- EON
Comparison of Average Annual CO2 Emissions - 100m2 New Build. - Underfloor Heating - Calorex August 2008
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
8500
9000
9500
10000
10500
11000
11500
12000
GSH
P
GSH
P(E7)
ASH
P
ASH
P (E
7)
Electric
Elec.(E
7)
Gas
(Cond)
Oil
LPG
Solid
Annual C
O2 E
mis
sio
ns (k
g)
Space Htg
HWS
Cooking
Ltg.+Pw r
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Why use a heat pump?
• Environmentally friendly
• Lower running costs
• COP always greater than 1
• Energy efficient means of heating
• Will operate from domestic power supplies
• Simple Installation
• Reliable – Long working life
• Very low maintenance
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Advantages of
Heat Pump v Boiler • Energy efficient
• Easy to install
• No flues or ducting
• No oil tank or LPG cylinder
• No fumes odours or smoke
• Simple controls
• Low maintenance requirements
• Corrosion resistant construction
• Reliable
• Long working life
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Funding • Microgeneration Certification scheme - MCS
– Approved product + approved installer
– Domestic properties – ASHP £900 & GSHP £1200, max £2500 per property
• LCBP – low carbon building programme
– Community groups, public and non-profit sector
– Up to 50% of installation costs
– Applies to ASHP & GSHP up to 300kW heat output – Now open to all MCS registered products and installers, as of 1st July 09
• CERT – carbon emission reduction target
– Funding via energy suppliers
– Applies to GSHPs only, not currently ASHPs – Up to 85% subsidy depending on Carbon saving e.g. coal fired boiler
• Carbon Trust Loan – Interest free loan over 4 years – Payback based on energy saving achieved
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Case Studies
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Metropolitan Housing Trust Nottingham
Braddock Row Development
• New sheltered housing scheme
• 10 individual 2-bed properties
• High standard of insulation, better than part L
• Borehole for each property
• Heating via under-floor system
• Heat pump also providing hot water
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Metropolitan Housing Trust Nottingham
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Penwith District Council Penzance, Cornwall
Project summary
• Refurbishment of existing
housing stock
• Conversion from coal fired
boiler to GSHP
• Insulation standard of
properties improved
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Penwith District Council
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Penwith District Council Heat Pump Location
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Penwith District Council Hot Water Cylinder Location
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Westlea Housing Assoc.
Withybed, Wiltshire
Project Summary
• New Build
• Well insulated
• Six houses
• Semi- detached
• Under-floor heating
• Calorex 5000DT 5.0kW GSHP
• 2 x 50m boreholes per property
• Providing space & water heating
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Flintshire County Council
Caerwys, N. Wales
• 15 x 2 bed bungalows
• Upgraded insulation
• 5kW GSHP
• Radiators
• Central Oil boiler
• Community Centre with
9kW ASHP
• Providing space & hot
water heating
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Project Summary
• Retrofit Project
• 15 x 1-bed semi-detached bungalows
• Floor area 40m2
• Heat loss 2.8kW
• Calorex 3500 3.5kW GSHP
• Single 80m borehole per property
• Replaced electric heating
• Project specified and managed by NPS Property Consultants
Mid-Suffolk District Council
Stradbrooke, Suffolk
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Case Study - ASHP
Westleigh Developments North Luffenham
• New Build
• Social housing
• CfSH level 3
• 3-bed Semi
• Single 9kW ASHP
• Heating by Radiators
• All CH & DHW
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Westleigh Developments North Luffenham
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Case Study - ASHP
David Wilson Homes Horley, Surrey
• Social Housing - New build
• 2-bed flats
• CfSH – Code level 3
• Ground & 1st Floor – ASHP
• Heating by Radiators & DHW
• 2nd Floor – Solar Thermal
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David Wilson Homes Horley, Surrey
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St Cedds School
Chelmsford
• 3 Classroom Block
• 12kW GSHP
• 3 x 65m Boreholes
• Underfloor heating
• DHW for toilets
• Alternative was gas
main across school to
local boiler
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GSHP or ASHP? GSHP’s
• Ultimate heat pump performance
• Expensive ground works
• Best suited to new build
• Maintenance free operation
• Quiet and unobtrusive
ASHP’s
• At least 75% of GSHP performance for ~ 50% of the cost
• New build or refurbishment
• Easier to install than GSHP’s
• Retro-fit for immediate carbon savings
• Can be used in high rise dwellings
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Summary
• Manufactured in UK by British Company
• Designed specifically for UK Domestic market
• Provides both space and water heating without the
need for supplementary water heating
• Works with under floor heating or radiators
• Controlled using central heating programmer
• Compatible with both new build and existing homes -
dependent on thermal specification
• Technical & Service support from existing Calorex
field service engineers
![Page 274: Calorex. What We do, We Do Well](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081716/540be24bdab5caf11d8b85ba/html5/thumbnails/274.jpg)
Heat Pumps